Cold air flow self-adaptive adjusting device and turbine rotor blade

Abstract

The invention provides a cold air flow self-adaption adjusting device, and relates to the technical field of turbine rotor blades, the cold air flow self-adaption adjusting device comprises an outer cavity, an inner cavity and a displacement self-adaption pressure damper, and the outer cavity and the inner cavity are each provided with an air inlet and an air outlet; the inner chamber is sleeved with the outer chamber in a sliding mode, an air inlet of the outer chamber is located at one end of the outer chamber, an air inlet of the inner chamber is located at one end of the inner chamber, and one end of the outer chamber and one end of the inner chamber are located on the same side; the two ends of the displacement self-adaptive pressure damper abut against the inner wall of the other end of the outer cavity and the outer wall of the other end of the inner cavity correspondingly, and the length of the displacement self-adaptive pressure damper changes along with the relative position of the inner cavity and the outer cavity. The self-adaptive adjusting device can provide different cooling air supply strategies according to different working conditions of the engine, and efficient cooling of turbine rotor blades is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of turbine rotor blades, and in particular to a cold air flow adaptive regulating device and a turbine rotor blade. Background Art

[0002] In order to achieve higher working efficiency of aircraft engines under different working conditions, variable cycle engines have received more and more attention. Under the condition of large heat load of variable cycle aircraft engines, the inlet temperature of the turbine is high, so more secondary flow cooling air is needed to efficiently cool the turbine blades, so as to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the turbine blades. Under the condition of small heat load, the inlet temperature of the turbine is significantly reduced, and the demand for secondary cooling air is reduced at this time. In order to improve the overall efficiency of the engine under this state, it is necessary to reduce the cooling air flow rate so that more air can be used for work. On the other hand, in the cooling design of turbine blades, it is necessary to carry out cooling design for specified working conditions. The change of cooling air flow rate will lead to uneven distribution of cooling air flow of turbine blades, reduced flow of a single cooling air channel, and even cause local cooling failure of blades. In order to ensure efficient cooling of turbine rotor blades under the condition of variable cooling air flow rate of variable cycle engines, it is necessary to adaptively adjust the cooling air flow distribution ratio of turbine blades according to the cooling air flow rate of blades to ensure efficient cooling of turbine blades. Existing flow regulating devices, such as electromagnetic valves, are used on stationary guide vanes, which can accurately control the flow rate. However, the solenoid valve is large in size, heavy in weight, and has a complex control system, which makes it difficult to apply it to turbine rotor blades with a rotation speed of up to 10,000 to 20,000 rpm. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a high-precision cold air flow adaptive adjustment device that is small in size, light in weight, easy to integrate, and replaceable. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the implementation mode of this specification provides a cooling air flow adaptive regulation device and a turbine rotor blade, so as to provide different cooling air supply strategies (including total cooling air volume and blade cooling channel flow distribution) under different engine operating conditions, so as to ensure efficient cooling of the turbine rotor blades.

[0004] The following technical solutions are provided in this specification:

[0005] A cold air flow adaptive regulating device, comprising:

[0006] An outer chamber, an inner chamber and a displacement adaptive pressure damper, wherein the outer chamber and the inner chamber are both provided with an air inlet and an air outlet;

[0007] The inner chamber is slidably mounted in the outer chamber, the air inlet of the outer chamber is located at one end of the outer chamber, the air inlet of the inner chamber is located at one end of the inner chamber, and one end of the outer chamber and one end of the inner chamber are located on the same side;

[0008] Two ends of the displacement adaptive pressure damper are respectively in contact with the inner wall of the other end of the outer chamber and the outer wall of the other end of the inner chamber, and the length of the displacement adaptive pressure damper changes with the relative position of the inner chamber and the outer chamber.

[0009] Further, the displacement adaptive pressure damping includes a first compression state and a second compression state;

[0010] When the air pressure at the air inlet of the inner chamber is greater than the elastic force of the displacement adaptive pressure damper, the displacement adaptive pressure damper is in a first compression state, and the air outlet of the outer chamber coincides with the air outlet of the inner chamber;

[0011] When the air pressure at the air inlet of the inner chamber is less than the elastic force of the displacement adaptive pressure damper, the displacement adaptive pressure damper is in a second compression state, and the air outlet of the outer chamber is misaligned with the air outlet of the inner chamber.

[0012] Further, the outer chamber comprises a first outer chamber air outlet, a second outer chamber air outlet and a third outer chamber air outlet which are arranged in parallel and at intervals;

[0013] The inner chamber comprises a first inner chamber air outlet and a second inner chamber air outlet which are arranged in parallel and at intervals;

[0014] When the displacement adaptive pressure damper is in the first compression state, the first air outlet of the outer chamber and the second air outlet of the outer chamber coincide with the first air outlet of the inner chamber, and the third air outlet of the outer chamber coincides with the second air outlet of the inner chamber;

[0015] When the displacement adaptive pressure damping is in the second compression state, the first air outlet of the outer chamber is located inside the first air outlet of the inner chamber, the second air outlet of the outer chamber is offset from the first air outlet of the inner chamber, and the third air outlet of the outer chamber is offset from the second air outlet of the inner chamber.

[0016] Further, the outer chamber further includes an outer chamber side wall, and the inner chamber further includes an inner chamber side wall;

[0017] The inner chamber side wall is connected to the outer chamber side wall through a clearance fit, and the width of the clearance is smaller than a preset clearance width.

[0018] Furthermore, the outer chamber further comprises an outer chamber air inlet and an outer chamber end wall which are arranged opposite to each other, and the inner chamber further comprises an inner chamber air inlet and an inner chamber end wall which are arranged opposite to each other, and the outer chamber air inlet and the inner chamber are located in the same direction;

[0019] The displacement adaptive pressure damper is arranged between the end wall of the outer chamber and the end wall of the inner chamber.

[0020] Further, the width of the first air outlet of the outer chamber and the second air outlet of the outer chamber is the same as the width of the first air outlet of the inner chamber;

[0021] The maximum distance between the first air outlet of the outer chamber and the second air outlet of the outer chamber is the same as the length of the first air outlet of the inner chamber;

[0022] The third air outlet of the outer chamber and the second air outlet of the inner chamber have the same length and width.

[0023] Furthermore, the adaptive adjustment device also includes a sliding component, which is arranged in the gap between the side wall of the inner chamber and the side wall of the outer chamber, and the inner chamber slides inside the outer chamber through the sliding component.

[0024] Furthermore, the sliding component is a micro ball and / or a slide rail.

[0025] A turbine rotor blade, a cooling channel of the turbine rotor blade and an air outlet of a cold air flow adaptive regulating device are mutually connected, and the turbine rotor blade comprises:

[0026] A tenon air supply chamber disposed in the tenon of the turbine rotor blade and a blade body internal cooling channel disposed in the blade body of the turbine rotor blade;

[0027] The air outlet end of the adaptive regulating device is communicated with the air inlet end of the tenon air supply chamber, and the air outlet end of the tenon air supply chamber is communicated with the air inlet end of the cooling channel inside the blade body.

[0028] Further, the tenon air supply chamber includes a tenon first air supply chamber, a tenon second air supply chamber and a tenon third air supply chamber which are independent of each other;

[0029] The internal cooling channel of the blade body includes a first cooling channel of the blade body, a second cooling channel of the blade body and a third cooling channel of the blade body, and the first cooling channel of the blade body, the second cooling channel of the blade body and the third cooling channel of the blade body are respectively arranged in the leading edge, the mid-chord and the trailing edge of the blade body;

[0030] The first air supply chamber of the tenon is communicated with the first cooling channel of the blade body, the second air supply chamber of the tenon is communicated with the second cooling channel of the blade body, and the third air supply chamber of the tenon is communicated with the third cooling channel of the blade body.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects that can be achieved by at least one of the above technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of this specification include at least:

[0032] The adaptive adjustment device of the embodiment of the present invention can provide different cooling air supply strategies (including total cooling air volume and blade cooling channel flow distribution) according to different engine operating conditions, thereby ensuring efficient cooling of the turbine rotor blades. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the implementation methods of the present application, the drawings required for use in the implementation methods will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some implementation methods of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0034] Figure 1 It is an overall structural diagram of the turbine rotor blades and the cold air flow adaptive regulating device under high heat load conditions according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 It is an overall structural diagram of the turbine rotor blades and the cold air flow adaptive regulating device of the embodiment of the present invention under the working condition of small heat load;

[0036] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the outer chamber of the cold air flow adaptive regulating device;

[0037] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inner chamber of the cold air flow adaptive regulating device;

[0038] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the adaptive pressure damping of the cold air flow adaptive regulating device;

[0039] Figure 6 It is an axonometric diagram of the cold air flow adaptive regulation device under high heat load conditions;

[0040] Figure 7 It is a top view of the cold air flow adaptive regulating device under high heat load conditions;

[0041] Figure 8 It is an axonometric diagram of the cold air flow adaptive regulation device under low heat load conditions;

[0042] Fig. 9 It is a top view of the cold air flow adaptive regulation device under low heat load conditions.

[0043] 1. The outer chamber; 11. The air inlet of the outer chamber; 12. The side wall of the outer chamber; 13. The end wall of the outer chamber; 14. The first air outlet of the outer chamber; 15. The second air outlet of the outer chamber; 16. The third air outlet of the outer chamber; 2. The inner chamber; 21. The air inlet of the inner chamber; 22. The side wall of the inner chamber; 23. The end wall of the inner chamber; 24. The first air outlet of the inner chamber; 25. The second air outlet of the inner chamber; 3. The adaptive pressure damping; 31. The first compression state; 32. The second compression state; 4. The tenon air supply chamber; 41. The first tenon air supply chamber; 42. The second tenon air supply chamber; 43. The third tenon air supply chamber; 5. The internal cooling channel of the blade body; 51. The first cooling channel of the blade body; 52. The second cooling channel of the blade body; 53. The third cooling channel of the blade body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The implementation methods of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0046] An embodiment of the present invention provides a cold air flow adaptive adjustment device. When in use, the adaptive adjustment device is installed between the turbine disk of the turbine rotor blade and the tenon inlet of the turbine blade. Based on the different cold air flow and pressure of the variable cycle engine, different compression lengths are generated for the displacement adaptive pressure damping 3, thereby realizing adaptive adjustment of the cold air flow.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, a cooling air flow adaptive regulating device and a turbine rotor blade include: a turbine rotor blade and a cooling air flow adaptive regulating device connected thereto. The turbine rotor blade includes a blade body and a tenon, and the interior of the blade body includes three blade body internal cooling channels 5 (a first blade body cooling channel 51, a second blade body cooling channel 52, and a third blade body cooling channel 53), which are respectively supplied with air through three independent tenon air supply chambers 4 inside the tenon (a first tenon air supply chamber 41, a second tenon air supply chamber 42, and a third tenon air supply chamber 43). As shown in FIG. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, under different working conditions, the working state of the cooling air flow adaptive regulating device of the turbine rotor blades changes, thereby realizing the regulation of the flow of the turbine rotor blades.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, under the high thermal load condition, the displacement adaptive pressure damper 3 is in the first compression state 31, at which time the second air outlet of the inner chamber is completely aligned with the third air outlet of the outer chamber. In this state, the three air supply chambers of the tenon are all in a full flow state, and the intake flow rate of the cold air reaches the design point of the high thermal load condition.

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, under the small heat load state, the displacement adaptive pressure damper 3 is in the second compression state 32, at which time the inner chamber 2 and the outer chamber 1 are in the position where the air inlets of the inner and outer chambers are aligned, and in this state, the first air supply chamber 41 of the tenon is in a full flow state, and the second air supply chamber 42 of the tenon and the third air supply chamber 43 of the tenon are affected by the misalignment of the air outlet of the inner chamber 2 and the air outlet of the outer chamber 1, and are in a partial flow state, the inlet air supply area of ​​the entire tenon changes, and the cold air intake flow rate is adjusted to the design point of the small heat load condition.

[0050] like Figures 3 to 5As shown, the cold air flow adaptive regulating device includes an outer chamber 1, an inner chamber 2 and a displacement adaptive pressure damper 3.

[0051] The outer chamber 1 is a hollow cavity with a rectangular cross-section, and comprises: an outer chamber air inlet 11, an outer chamber side wall 12, an outer chamber end wall 13, an outer chamber first air outlet 14, an outer chamber second air outlet 15 and an outer chamber third air outlet 16.

[0052] Specifically, the outer chamber air inlet 11 is located on one side of the outer chamber 1, and the other three sides of the outer chamber 1 are closed. The outer chamber side wall 12 of the outer chamber 1 is provided with three outer chamber air outlets (the first outer chamber air outlet 14, the second outer chamber air outlet 15 and the third outer chamber air outlet 16, and the outer chamber end wall 13 is provided opposite to the outer chamber air inlet 11.

[0053] In one embodiment of the present invention, the outer chamber 1 may be a hollow cavity with a rectangular cross-section.

[0054] The size of the outer chamber air inlet 11 is determined by the parameters of the tenon and turbine disk of the turbine rotor blade. The height of the outer chamber air inlet 11 is the height of the turbine disk and the bottom surface of the tenon, and the width of the outer chamber air inlet 11 is the width of the bottom surface of the tenon. The length dimension of the outer chamber side wall 12 is constrained by the length of the bottom surface of the tenon, and the two are consistent. The cross-section of the air outlet of the outer chamber 1 is constrained by the cross-section of the air inlet of the tenon, and the two are consistent.

[0055] Among them, the first air outlet 14 of the outer chamber, the second air outlet 15 of the outer chamber and the third air outlet 16 of the outer chamber are respectively connected to the first air supply chamber 41 of the tenon, the second air supply chamber 42 of the tenon and the third air supply chamber 43 of the tenon and completely correspond to each other.

[0056] The inner chamber 2 is a hollow cavity, including: an inner chamber air inlet 21, an inner chamber side wall 22, an inner chamber end wall 23, an inner chamber first air outlet 24 and an inner chamber second air outlet 25. Among them, the outer side of the inner chamber side wall 22 is in a gap fit with the inner chamber space of the outer chamber 1. The displacement adaptive pressure damper 3 is connected between the outer chamber end wall 13 and the inner chamber end wall 23. The displacement adaptive pressure damper 3 is driven by the pressure of different cold air acting on the inner chamber end wall 23, so that the length of the displacement adaptive pressure damper 3 changes with different pressures. Based on the cold air pressure and the force of the displacement adaptive pressure damper 3, the inner chamber 2 can slide inside the outer chamber 1 until it reaches balance, thereby adjusting the flow area of ​​the tenon air supply chamber 4 (tenon first air supply chamber 41, tenon second air supply chamber 42 and tenon third air supply chamber 43), thereby realizing adaptive adjustment of the cold air flow rate.

[0057] In one embodiment of the present invention, the inner chamber 2 may be a hollow cavity with a rectangular cross-section.

[0058] The cross-sectional dimension parameters of the inner chamber 2 are determined by the outer chamber 1. The outer side of the inner chamber side wall and the inner chamber space of the outer chamber are clearance matched. The inner chamber 2 can slide inside the outer chamber 1. The sliding component can be a micro ball or a slide rail. Here, the clearance of the clearance fit needs to be small enough (smaller than the preset clearance width) so as not to cause a large amount of gas to leak into between the inner chamber side wall 22 and the outer chamber side wall 12, and not to affect the operation of the displacement adaptive pressure damper 3.

[0059] The length dimension of the inner chamber 2 is determined by the length dimension of the outer chamber 1 and the length of the displacement adaptive pressure damper 3 when it is in the second compression state 32. Specifically, the length of the outer wall of the inner chamber 2 = the length of the inner wall of the outer chamber 1 - the length of the displacement adaptive pressure damper 3 in the small heat load state. The inner chamber 2 has two air outlets, which are determined by the air outlet of the outer chamber 1. The first air outlet 24 of the inner chamber is determined by the first air outlet 14 of the outer chamber and the second air outlet 15 of the outer chamber, and the widths of the three are consistent. The length of the first air outlet 24 of the inner chamber is the maximum distance between the first air outlet 14 of the outer chamber and the second air outlet 15 of the outer chamber. The size of the second air outlet 25 of the inner chamber is exactly the same as the size of the third air outlet 16 of the outer chamber.

[0060] The length of the displacement adaptive pressure damper 3 changes with the pressure of the inlet gas, and the driving pressure is the pressure of different cold air acting on the inner chamber end wall 23. Under the action of the cold air flow pressure under the small heat load state, the length of the displacement adaptive pressure damper 3 just pushes the inner chamber air inlet 21 and the outer chamber air inlet 11 to coincide in the horizontal direction; under the action of the cold air flow pressure under the large heat load state, the length of the displacement adaptive pressure damper 3 just pushes the inner chamber second air outlet 25 and the outer chamber third air outlet 16 to coincide completely.

[0061] When the rotor blades of the embodiment of the present invention are working, the pressure and displacement adaptive pressure damper 3 of the cooling air under different working conditions are in a balanced state. The length of the displacement adaptive pressure damper changes according to different cooling air pressures, so that the air outlet of the inner chamber 2 and the air outlet of the outer chamber 1 are aligned or misaligned, thereby realizing the change of the air intake cross-section of the cooling air supply cavity of the turbine rotor blade, and completing the adaptive engine working condition adjustment of the cooling air flow of the rotor blade.

[0062] Under high thermal load conditions, the displacement adaptive pressure damper 3 is in the first compression state 31, at which time the second air outlet 25 of the inner chamber is completely aligned with the third air outlet 16 of the outer chamber. In this state, the three air supply chambers of the tenon are all in a full-flow state, and the intake flow rate of the cold air reaches the design point of the high thermal load condition.

[0063] The change in the area of ​​the air outlet has the following two functions: first, by adjusting the total area of ​​the air outlet, the amount of cooling air used by the turbine blades is reduced or increased; second, the flow distribution of each cooling channel of the turbine blades is adjusted.

[0064] When the displacement adaptive pressure damper 3 changes from the first compression state 31 to the second compression state 32, the total outlet area of ​​the cold air flow adaptive regulating device is reduced, reducing the amount of cold air used. When the displacement adaptive pressure damper 3 changes from the second compression state 32 to the first compression state 31, the total outlet area of ​​the cold air flow adaptive regulating device is increased, increasing the amount of cold air used. The relative positions of the air outlets of the inner chamber 2 and the outer chamber 1 under different working states of the engine can be designed by the size of the air outlet and the position parameters of the air outlet in the inner and outer chambers to achieve different flow areas of the tenon air supply chamber 4.

[0065] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, in the state of large heat load, the cold air flow and pressure are relatively high, pushing the compression displacement adaptive pressure damper 3 of the inner chamber 2 to the first compression state 31. At this time, the first air outlet 24 of the inner chamber coincides with the first air outlet 14 of the outer chamber and the second air outlet 15 of the outer chamber, and the second air outlet 25 of the inner chamber coincides with the third air outlet 16 of the outer chamber, so that the air outlet of the outer chamber (the first air outlet 14 of the outer chamber, the second air outlet 15 of the outer chamber and the third air outlet 16 of the outer chamber) and the air supply chamber in the tenon (the first air supply chamber 41 of the tenon, the second air supply chamber 42 of the tenon and the third air supply chamber 43 of the tenon) are in a full flow state, achieving the air supply inlet flow area required for cooling each channel of the turbine rotor blade under the state of large heat load.

[0066] like Figure 8 , Fig. 9 As shown, the cold air flow and pressure are low in the small heat load state, pushing the inner chamber compression displacement adaptive pressure damping 3 to the second compression state 32. At this time, the inner chamber air inlet 21 and the outer chamber air inlet 11 are in the same position, the inner chamber first air outlet 24 covers the outer chamber first air outlet 14, the outer chamber first air outlet 14 and the tenon first air supply chamber 41 are in a full flow state, the inner chamber first air outlet 24 and the inner chamber second air outlet 25 are misaligned with the outer chamber second air outlet 15 and the outer chamber third air outlet 16, and the outer chamber second air outlet and the outer chamber third air outlet 16 are partially closed, resulting in a reduction in the flow area of ​​the tenon second air supply chamber 42 and the tenon third air supply chamber 43 (the flow area variation range can be achieved by adjusting the air outlet parameters of the outer chamber and the inner chamber), achieving the air supply inlet flow area required for cooling each channel of the turbine rotor blade under the small heat load state.

[0067] Beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention:

[0068] The cooling air flow adaptive regulation device of the embodiment of the present invention can adaptively adjust the inlet area of ​​the air supply chamber of the turbine rotor blades under the cooling air flow and pressure of different operating conditions of the variable cycle engine, thereby adjusting the cooling air flow of the turbine rotor blades, adapting to the cooling requirements of the turbine blades at different operating points, regulating the flow distribution ratio of the cooling channel inside the turbine blades, and solving the problem of local cooling failure.

[0069] The above is only a specific implementation of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the scope of the invention. Therefore, the replacement of equivalent components, or equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of protection of the patent of the present invention, should still fall within the scope of this patent. In addition, the technical features of the present invention can be freely combined with each other, with each other, and with each other.

Claims

1. A cold air flow adaptive regulating device, characterized in that: include: An outer chamber (1), an inner chamber (2) and a displacement adaptive pressure damper (3), wherein the outer chamber (1) and the inner chamber (2) are both provided with an air inlet and an air outlet; The inner chamber (2) is slidably mounted in the outer chamber (1), the air inlet of the outer chamber (1) is located at one end of the outer chamber (1), the air inlet of the inner chamber (2) is located at one end of the inner chamber (2), and one end of the outer chamber (1) and one end of the inner chamber (2) are located on the same side; The two ends of the displacement adaptive pressure damper (3) respectively abut against the inner wall of the other end of the outer chamber (1) and the outer wall of the other end of the inner chamber (2), and the length of the displacement adaptive pressure damper (3) changes with the relative position of the inner chamber (2) and the outer chamber (1).

2. The cold air flow adaptive regulating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The displacement adaptive pressure damping (3) comprises a first compression state (31) and a second compression state (32); When the air pressure at the air inlet of the inner chamber (2) is greater than the elastic force of the displacement adaptive pressure damper (3), the displacement adaptive pressure damper (3) is in the first compression state (31), and the air outlet of the outer chamber (1) coincides with the air outlet of the inner chamber (2); When the air pressure at the air inlet of the inner chamber (2) is less than the elastic force of the displacement adaptive pressure damper (3), the displacement adaptive pressure damper (3) is in the second compression state (32), and the air outlet of the outer chamber (1) is misaligned with the air outlet of the inner chamber (2).

3. The cold air flow adaptive regulating device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer chamber (1) comprises a first outer chamber air outlet (14), a second outer chamber air outlet (15) and a third outer chamber air outlet (16) which are arranged in parallel and at intervals; The inner chamber (2) comprises a first inner chamber air outlet (24) and a second inner chamber air outlet (25) which are arranged in parallel and at intervals; When the displacement adaptive pressure damper (3) is in the first compression state (31), the first air outlet (14) of the outer chamber and the second air outlet (15) of the outer chamber coincide with the first air outlet (24) of the inner chamber, and the third air outlet (16) of the outer chamber coincides with the second air outlet (25) of the inner chamber; When the displacement adaptive pressure damper (3) is in the second compression state (32), the first air outlet (14) of the outer chamber is located within the first air outlet (24) of the inner chamber, the second air outlet (15) of the outer chamber is offset from the first air outlet (24) of the inner chamber, and the third air outlet (16) of the outer chamber is offset from the second air outlet (25) of the inner chamber.

4. The cold air flow adaptive regulating device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer chamber (1) further comprises an outer chamber side wall (12), and the inner chamber (2) further comprises an inner chamber side wall (22); The inner chamber side wall (22) and the outer chamber side wall (12) are connected by gap fitting, and the width of the gap is smaller than a preset gap width.

5. The cold air flow adaptive regulating device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer chamber (1) further comprises an outer chamber air inlet (11) and an outer chamber end wall (13) arranged opposite to each other, and the inner chamber (2) further comprises an inner chamber air inlet (21) and an inner chamber end wall (23) arranged opposite to each other, wherein the outer chamber air inlet (11) and the inner chamber air inlet (21) are located in the same direction; The displacement adaptive pressure damper (3) is arranged between the outer chamber end wall (13) and the inner chamber end wall (23).

6. The cold air flow adaptive regulating device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The width of the first air outlet (14) of the outer chamber and the second air outlet (15) of the outer chamber are the same as the width of the first air outlet (24) of the inner chamber; The maximum distance between the first air outlet (14) of the outer chamber and the second air outlet (15) of the outer chamber is the same as the length of the first air outlet (24) of the inner chamber; The third air outlet (16) of the outer chamber and the second air outlet (25) of the inner chamber have the same length and width.

7. The cold air flow adaptive regulating device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adaptive adjustment device also includes a sliding component, which is arranged in the gap between the inner chamber side wall (22) and the outer chamber side wall (12), and the inner chamber (2) slides inside the outer chamber (1) through the sliding component.

8. The cold air flow adaptive regulating device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sliding component is a micro ball and / or a slide rail.

9. A turbine rotor blade, wherein a cooling channel of the turbine rotor blade is interconnected with an air outlet of the cold air flow adaptive regulating device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The turbine rotor blade comprises: A tenon air supply chamber (4) arranged in the tenon of the turbine rotor blade and a blade body internal cooling channel (5) arranged in the blade body of the turbine rotor blade; The air outlet end of the adaptive adjustment device is in communication with the air inlet end of the tenon air supply chamber (4), and the air outlet end of the tenon air supply chamber (4) is in communication with the air inlet end of the cooling channel (5) inside the blade body.

10. The turbine rotor blade according to claim 9, characterized in that The tenon air supply chamber (4) comprises a first tenon air supply chamber (41), a second tenon air supply chamber (42) and a third tenon air supply chamber (43) which are independent of each other; The blade body internal cooling channel (5) comprises a blade body first cooling channel (51), a blade body second cooling channel (52) and a blade body third cooling channel (53), wherein the blade body first cooling channel (51), the blade body second cooling channel (52) and the blade body third cooling channel (53) are respectively arranged in the leading edge, the mid-chord and the trailing edge of the blade body; The first air supply chamber (41) of the tenon is in communication with the first cooling channel (51) of the blade body, the second air supply chamber (42) of the tenon is in communication with the second cooling channel (52) of the blade body, and the third air supply chamber (43) of the tenon is in communication with the third cooling channel (53) of the blade body.

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