Automatic intelligent emergency oil containment boom system for offshore oil spill accidents

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic intelligent emergency oil containment boom system for an offshore oil spill accident. Comprising a monitoring module, a central control module and a structure module. The monitoring module comprehensively applies an ultrasonic technology, a camera shooting monitoring technology and a pressure detection technology, realizes real-time detection of the transportation condition in a cabin by installing a plurality of sensors on a petroleum transportation tank or a cabin wall, and uploads detection data to the data processing unit for storage and evaluation; the monitoring module is used for monitoring the condition after the oil containment boom is laid in real time, accurately judging whether an oil spill event occurs or not through spectral analysis and image processing, and quickly uploading related data to the central control module; the central control module carries out comparative analysis according to monitoring data and historical data, and uniformly deploys and solves problems. When force majeure or leakage occurs, the central control module analyzes the safety state of the transportation cabin in real time according to a data processing result, issues a corresponding instruction, such as releasing or recovering an oil containment boom, and uploads related conditions to a transportation center to obtain subsequent support.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of environmental protection and emergency treatment, and in particular relates to an automatic intelligent emergency oil boom system for offshore oil spill accidents. Background Art

[0002] The ocean is the main body of the earth, the cradle of life, and the source of human civilization. It occupies more than two-thirds of the earth's surface and contains 97% of the water on the earth. The ocean is vital to life on earth and can help us regulate the climate, provide food and protect biodiversity. Specifically, the ocean provides many resources and services to humans, such as oxygen, climate regulation, carbon fixation, food and medicine, etc., which are of great significance to the survival and development of human society. After an oil spill accident on the water, the leaked oil spreads on the water surface into an oil film. The oil film drifts under the action of the wind flow field on the water, posing a pollution threat to environmentally sensitive resources near the accident site. With the continuous advancement of marine oil and gas resource drilling and production technology, more than 100 countries and regions have developed offshore oil and gas fields. At the same time, the number of offshore oil spill accidents has continued to increase, and the problem of offshore oil spills has become more and more serious. Offshore oil pollution can be continuously transported and spread through the flow of water bodies, rapidly expanding the scope of pollution and becoming a serious pollution phenomenon. The ocean provides abundant food resources, but contaminated seafood can cause harm to human health. In addition, marine pollution will also affect the development of related industries such as fisheries and tourism, and have a negative impact on the local economy. After an underwater oil spill, cleaning up the contaminated area requires a lot of manpower, financial resources and time.

[0003] The causes of ship oil spill accidents can be summarized as ship collision, ship loss of control, mechanical failure, human negligence and bad weather. Collision may cause hull damage, fuel pipeline leakage or oil tank rupture, resulting in oil spills. Ship loss of control means that the ship cannot be manipulated, resulting in hull damage or oil tank leakage. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on the above background, when the scope of application of oil boom is improved and the difficulty of use is reduced, oil boom will have a wider application prospect. The present invention provides an automatic intelligent emergency oil boom system for offshore oil spill accidents; the main direction is to improve the performance of oil boom as an important tool for handling emergency oil spill accidents. Discuss global oil transportation, oil spill risks, the impact of these events, the limitations of current barrier methods, and the need for improved solutions.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] An automatic intelligent emergency boom system for offshore oil spill accidents, comprising a monitoring module, a central control module and a structural module;

[0007] The monitoring module is used to monitor the liquid level in the oil tank, the spread of oil pollution and the pressure state of the hull structure in real time; the monitoring module includes an ultrasonic monitoring unit, a video monitoring unit and a pressure sensor unit; wherein the ultrasonic monitoring unit calculates the distance to the oil surface by measuring the time difference between the emission and reception of sound waves, and provides liquid level data for the central control module; the video monitoring unit uses a camera to capture real-time images of the sea area, analyzes the oil pollution area through image processing algorithms, and determines the occurrence and severity of oil spill accidents; the pressure sensor unit monitors the pressure changes inside the oil tank and the hull structure in real time, and promptly discovers potential leakage risks;

[0008] The central control module is used to integrate, analyze, conduct risk assessment and early warning, and issue and execute instructions for the data of the monitoring module. First, the real-time data sent by the monitoring module is received through a high-speed data interface, and pre-processed and verified to ensure the quality and consistency of the data. Then, big data analysis technology and artificial intelligence algorithms are used to deeply mine and analyze historical and real-time data, identify patterns and trends in the data, and evaluate the safety status of the tanker. When the monitoring data exceeds the set safety threshold, the central control module will automatically trigger the early warning system, issue an alarm to the crew, and record event information. At the same time, according to the monitoring data and risk assessment results, the corresponding instructions are automatically generated and executed, including releasing oil booms and adjusting the navigation status of the ship to deal with emergencies.

[0009] The structural module is used to design the oil boom, including the material selection, shape design and structural design of the oil boom.

[0010] Furthermore, the execution steps of the video monitoring unit include: continuously monitoring the sea area through a high-resolution camera, capturing real-time images, and monitoring the sea area in real time; collecting image data, the high-resolution camera continuously captures real-time images of the sea area, and transmits the image data to the data processing unit in real time after compression encoding; the data processing unit performs image preprocessing to improve image quality, wherein the preprocessing includes noise removal and contrast enhancement operations; then the image processing algorithm is applied to analyze the image to identify the oil pollution area; the analysis results, including the location, shape, and area information of the oil pollution, are displayed on the monitoring screen in real time, and are synchronously transmitted to the central control module.

[0011] Furthermore, the execution steps of the pressure sensor unit include: installing a pressure sensor at a key position inside the oil tank; digitizing the pressure value P_sensor detected by the sensor through an A / D converter, and transmitting the digitized data to a data processing unit; the data processing unit compares the pressure value P_sensor with a preset safety threshold P_threshold, and uses the following formula to determine the leakage risk Leakage Risk:

[0012] Leakage Risk=High(if P_sensor>P_threshold),Low(if P_sensor≤P_threshold)

[0013] If the pressure value P_sensor exceeds the normal range, a multivariate regression analysis is performed in combination with temperature and hydraulic parameters; the possibility and amount of leakage are evaluated, and an early warning is issued in a timely manner; the stress values ​​​​of different parts of the hull when facing wave loads and static loads are estimated by combining the principles of structural mechanics and measured pressure data.

[0014] Furthermore, in the central control module, risk assessment and early warning include: based on the data integrated by the central control module, using statistical methods and machine learning algorithms to assess the safety status of the tanker; building a risk scoring model:

[0015]

[0016] Among them, P(y=1) is the probability of the event occurring, X n For each risk factor, β n are model parameters;

[0017] Set different security thresholds based on historical data and industry security standards; classify risks into low, medium, and high levels, with each level corresponding to a specific color and sound alarm; use an adaptive algorithm to adjust the security threshold based on real-time data, the formula is:

[0018]

[0019] Among them, θ t is the dynamic threshold, θ0 is the initial threshold, is the mean of real-time data, α is the adjustment coefficient;

[0020] The central control module monitors various indicators in real time, including oil tank pressure and liquid level. When the monitoring data exceeds the set safety threshold, the early warning system is automatically triggered. Alarms are sent to the crew through sound and light signals and electronic display screens, and event information is recorded.

[0021] Furthermore, in the central control module, the issuance and execution of instructions include:

[0022] When the central control module detects a leak or other emergency, it automatically triggers the preset command generation process; at the same time, it allows crew members or remote command centers to manually input commands to deal with complex or special situations; command types include but are not limited to releasing oil booms, adjusting the ship's navigation status, and initiating emergency procedures;

[0023] Use standard communication protocols to ensure accurate transmission of instructions; the recipient needs to confirm receipt of instructions and use confirmation signals to ensure the reliability of communication; establish a coordination mechanism to ensure consistency of instructions and collaborative work between the crew and the remote command center;

[0024] The central control module monitors the execution of instructions in real time to ensure that the instructions are executed correctly; the execution feedback obtains execution feedback from the execution device and evaluates the execution effect; the feedback control theory is used to adjust the execution strategy, the formula is:

[0025]

[0026] Among them, u(t) is the control command, e(t) is the error signal, K p , K i , K d are the proportional, integral and derivative controller parameters respectively.

[0027] Furthermore, the central control module records all monitoring data and operating instructions in real time through the storage unit; regularly analyzes the stored data and uses statistical methods to identify patterns and trends in the data; records all data access and operation records and uses audit logs to ensure data integrity and auditability; and applies anomaly detection algorithms to identify outliers in the data, the formula is:

[0028]

[0029] Where E(h(x)) is the path length of sample x, c(E(H) is the average path length;

[0030] Design standardized report templates, including system operation status and emergency response effects; use report generation tools to automatically generate regular reports; and apply data visualization technology to display key indicators and trends; regularly back up data to ensure rapid recovery in the event of data loss or system failure.

[0031] Furthermore, the oil boom mainly includes a universal ball, a small hole, a load-bearing part and a mesh material; the universal ball is used to adjust the range of the oil boom; the small hole is designed on the skirt part of the oil boom to form a channel for seawater and submerged oil, which is convenient for oil sedimentation; the load-bearing part is arranged at the bottom of the oil boom to stabilize the oil boom; multiple layers of mesh material are laid in the perforated area of ​​the skirt of the oil boom to provide support for the oil boom, disperse pressure, and reduce deformation of the oil boom caused by gravity.

[0032] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0033] 1. Containment and centralization of oil spills: Timely deployment of oil booms can contain the spreading oil spills in time, and the oil film can be gathered into a smaller area for recovery by towing the oil booms or reducing the surrounding area. This can prevent the further spread of the oil spill and increase the thickness of the oil film, which is convenient for subsequent recovery or treatment.

[0034] 2. Oil spill diversion: After an oil spill occurs, in order to facilitate recovery operations or to divert the oil spill to a designated location, especially in rivers or near-shore areas with turbulent water flow, oil booms can be used to set up defenses at a set angle. The diversion effect of the oil boom can effectively control the flow of the oil spill, prevent it from entering sensitive areas such as water intakes, power plants, etc., and at the same time guide it to areas that are easy to recover or other non-sensitive resource areas.

[0035] 3. Prevent potential oil spills: In places where oil spills are likely to occur or where there is a risk of oil spills, such as docks where oil tankers are docked, oil loading and unloading areas, etc., oil booms can be deployed in advance for oil spill prevention and control. This allows for timely containment and recovery of spilled oil when an oil spill actually occurs, preventing it from spreading and causing greater pollution.

[0036] 4. Rapid response: When an oil spill occurs, the present invention can respond quickly, conduct real-time data monitoring simultaneously, and perform instant calculations on relevant data, and quickly deploy oil booms, effectively shortening the time required for deploying oil booms and minimizing the possibility of excessive oil leakage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0038] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the innovative emergency oil pollution barrier system used in offshore oil spill incidents of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the oil boom of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 It is three views of the oil boom of the present invention.

[0041] In the figure, 1. universal ball; 2. small hole; 3. load-bearing part; 4. mesh material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is further described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] The invention provides an automatic intelligent emergency boom system for offshore oil spill accidents, which is mainly divided into three parts: a monitoring module, a central control module, and a structural module; these three parts are connected in series to realize the release and recovery of the entire boom.

[0044] 1. Monitoring module, used for real-time monitoring of the liquid level in the oil tank, the spread of oil pollution and the pressure status of the hull structure; the monitoring module mainly includes an ultrasonic monitoring unit, a camera monitoring unit and a pressure sensor unit.

[0045] Ultrasonic monitoring unit: The ultrasonic monitoring unit is mainly used in the monitoring module to measure the liquid level in the oil tank. The ultrasonic sensor emits high-frequency sound waves, which are reflected back after encountering the oil surface and are received by the ultrasonic sensor.

[0046] The ultrasonic sensor records the time difference between the emission and reception of the sound wave, converts the time difference into distance, and thus the oil level distance can be determined.

[0047] The calculation formula of oil level distance is:

[0048] d=1 / 2t·c

[0049] Among them, d is the distance from the ultrasonic sensor to the oil surface; t is the round-trip time from the emission to the reception of the ultrasonic wave; c is the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the medium (here is air or oil).

[0050] Camera monitoring unit: The camera monitoring unit is usually used in the monitoring module to monitor the spread of oil pollution in real time, using the camera to capture real-time images of the sea area. Use image processing algorithms to analyze the image and identify the oil pollution area. Use image analysis to determine whether an oil spill has occurred and assess its severity. The implementation steps include:

[0051] (1) Continuously monitor the sea area through high-resolution cameras, capture real-time images, and monitor the sea area in real time;

[0052] (2) Collecting image data: high-resolution cameras continuously capture real-time images of the sea area and transmit the image data to the data processing unit in real time after compression encoding;

[0053] (3) The data processing unit performs image preprocessing to improve image quality through preprocessing (denoising, contrast enhancement).

[0054] (3.1) Denoising: Use the Gaussian function G(x,y) to convolve the image to smooth the image and reduce noise.

[0055] The specific formula is:

[0056]

[0057] Among them, G(x,y) is the value of the Gaussian function at the coordinate (x,y), which is used for smoothing the image at that point. x,y are the coordinates on the image, representing the position of the processing point on the image. σ is the standard deviation of the Gaussian function, which determines the width of the Gaussian function. The larger the standard deviation, the more obvious the smoothing effect.

[0058] (3.2) Contrast enhancement: The purpose is to enhance the contrast in the image and make the oil stain and background more distinct. Through histogram equalization, that is, adjusting the histogram of the image to make the histogram of the image flatter, the contrast of the image is increased.

[0059] (4) Image processing and analysis: Apply image processing algorithms to analyze images and identify oil pollution areas.

[0060] (4.1) Use edge detection (Canny algorithm) to identify the boundaries of oil stains in the image.

[0061] The specific formula for gradient strength in the Canny algorithm is:

[0062]

[0063] The specific formula of the gradient square is:

[0064]

[0065] Among them, G is the gradient intensity, which represents the rate of change of the brightness of the image at that point. x , G y is the gradient of the image in the x and y directions (i.e., the first-order derivative), representing the change in brightness of the image in the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively. θ is the gradient direction, indicating the direction in which the brightness of the image changes the most at that point.

[0066] (4.2) Use image segmentation (threshold segmentation) to distinguish the oily and non-oily areas in the image.

[0067] The specific formula is:

[0068]

[0069] Among them, I(x,y) is the coordinate of the original image, and T is the preset threshold.

[0070] (5) Result output: The analysis results, including the location, shape, area and other information of the oil pollution, are displayed in real time on the monitoring screen and transmitted to the central control module simultaneously. Once the oil pollution area is found to be expanding or new oil pollution spots appear, the system will trigger an early warning to provide a basis for the central control module to take countermeasures. Multiple sensors are installed on the oil transport tank or bulkhead to detect the transportation situation in the tank in real time, and upload the data to the data processing unit for storage. The data processing unit will evaluate the measured temperature, hydraulic pressure, bulkhead pressure, gas pressure and other data to determine whether an oil spill has occurred. The data processing unit will also save the data and draw the corresponding data graphs to facilitate the camera monitoring unit to better complete the monitoring task. If an accident such as a collision occurs, after each sensor responds, the data processing unit will analyze the previously recorded data to determine where the leak occurred. The camera monitoring unit on the ship wall is mainly responsible for real-time monitoring to see if an oil spill has occurred after the oil boom is deployed. The camera monitoring unit uses spectral analysis, image processing and marine oil spill aerospace remote sensing detection technology to analyze and determine whether an oil spill has occurred, and quickly upload the data to the central control module.

[0071] Pressure sensor unit: Real-time monitoring of the pressure status inside the oil tanker tank and the pressure changes in the hull structure caused by various loads, so as to detect potential leakage risks as early as possible and ensure the overall safe operation of the hull. The implementation steps include:

[0072] (1) Sensor installation: Install pressure sensors at key locations inside the oil tank, ensuring that the sensors are in good contact with the inner wall of the oil tank to accurately sense pressure changes.

[0073] (2) Data acquisition and transmission: The pressure value (P_sensor) detected by the sensor is digitized through an A / D converter, and the digitized data is transmitted to the data processing unit.

[0074] (3) Data processing and judgment: The data processing unit compares the pressure value P_sensor with the preset safety threshold P_threshold and uses the following formula to judge the leakage risk:

[0075] Leakage Risk=High (if P_sensor>P_threshold), Low (if P_sensor≤P_threshold).

[0076] (4) Comprehensive analysis and early warning:

[0077] If P_sensor exceeds the normal range, multiple regression analysis is performed in combination with temperature, hydraulic pressure and other parameters to assess the possibility and amount of leakage and issue an early warning in a timely manner.

[0078] Hull structure monitoring: Combining the principles of structural mechanics and measured pressure data, the stress values ​​borne by different parts of the hull when facing wave loads and static loads are estimated through calculation formulas:

[0079]

[0080] Among them, σ represents the local stress of the hull, P is the pressure acting on this part, A is the force-bearing area, E is the Young's modulus of the material, and ν is the Poisson's ratio.

[0081] 2. The central control module is used to integrate, analyze, conduct risk assessment and early warning of the data from the monitoring module, as well as issue and execute instructions.

[0082] (1) Data integration and analysis.

[0083] (1.1) Data reception and preprocessing: The central control module receives real-time data sent by the monitoring module through a high-speed data interface, including oil tank level, oil diffusion image, pressure status, etc. The received data is preprocessed, including denoising, data verification, time synchronization, etc., to ensure data quality and consistency.

[0084] (1.2) Data analysis and pattern recognition: Apply big data analysis techniques to batch process historical and real-time data. Use statistical methods to perform cluster analysis to identify patterns and trends in data.

[0085] Anomaly detection: Identify outliers by setting a statistical threshold (such as the 3σ criterion), the formula is:

[0086] |X-μ|>3σ

[0087] Where X is the observed value, μ is the mean, and σ is the standard deviation.

[0088] (1.3) Apply artificial intelligence algorithms to further process data and improve the accuracy of predictions and decision-making.

[0089] (2) Risk assessment and early warning.

[0090] (2.1) Safety status assessment: Based on the data integrated by the central control module, statistical methods and machine learning algorithms are used to assess the safety status of the tanker. A risk scoring model is constructed, such as using a logistic regression model to assess the risk of leakage. The formula is:

[0091]

[0092] Among them, P(y=1) is the probability of the event occurring, Xn For each risk factor, β n is the model parameter.

[0093] (2.2) Set safety thresholds and warning levels: Set different safety thresholds based on historical data and industry safety standards. Divide risks into different levels (such as low, medium, and high), and each level corresponds to a specific color and sound alarm. Use an adaptive algorithm (such as a dynamic threshold algorithm) to adjust the threshold based on real-time data. The formula is:

[0094]

[0095] Among them, θ t is the dynamic threshold, θ0 is the initial threshold, is the real-time data mean, and α is the adjustment coefficient.

[0096] (2.3) Early warning system triggering: The central control module monitors various indicators in real time, such as oil tank pressure, liquid level, etc. When the monitoring data exceeds the set safety threshold, the early warning system is automatically triggered. The crew is alerted through sound and light signals and electronic display screens, and event information is recorded.

[0097] (3) Issuance and execution of instructions.

[0098] (3.1) Command generation and issuance: When the central control module detects a leak or other emergency, it automatically triggers the preset command generation process. At the same time, it allows crew members or remote command centers to manually input commands to deal with complex or special situations. Command types include but are not limited to releasing oil booms, adjusting the ship's navigation status, and initiating emergency procedures.

[0099] (3.2) Command communication and coordination: Use standard communication protocols (such as TCP / IP, Maritime Mobile Service Identity, MMSI) to ensure accurate transmission of commands. The receiver needs to confirm receipt of the command and use confirmation signals (such as ACK signals) to ensure the reliability of communication. Establish a coordination mechanism to ensure command consistency and collaborative work between the crew and the remote command center.

[0100] (3.3) Command execution monitoring: The central control module monitors the execution of commands in real time to ensure that the commands are executed correctly. Execution feedback is obtained from the execution equipment (such as the oil boom release system) to evaluate the execution effect. The execution strategy is adjusted using feedback control theory, and the formula is:

[0101]

[0102] Among them, u(t) is the control command, e(t) is the error signal, K p , K i , K dare the proportional, integral and derivative controller parameters respectively.

[0103] (4) Records and reports.

[0104] (4.1) Data recording and storage: The central control module records all monitoring data and operating instructions in real time through the storage unit. Use a database management system (such as SQL or NoSQL database) to store the recorded data to ensure data integrity and traceability. Encrypt sensitive data to ensure data security and use encryption algorithms (such as AES).

[0105] (4.2) Data analysis and auditing: Analyze the stored data regularly and use statistical methods (such as variance analysis and correlation analysis) to identify patterns and trends in the data. Record all data access and operation records and use audit logs to ensure data integrity and auditability. Apply anomaly detection algorithms (such as isolation forest) to identify outliers in the data. The formula is:

[0106]

[0107] Where E(h(x)) is the path length of sample x, and c(E(H)) is the average path length.

[0108] (4.3) Regular report generation: Design standardized report templates that include key information such as system operation status and emergency response effectiveness. Use report generation tools (such as Excel or BI tools) to automatically generate regular reports. Apply data visualization techniques (such as bar charts and line graphs) to display key indicators and trends.

[0109] (4.4) Data backup and recovery: Back up data regularly to ensure rapid recovery in the event of data loss or system failure. Use backup strategies to ensure data security.

[0110] 3. Structural module, used to design oil booms.

[0111] (1) Oil boom design.

[0112] Material selection for oil boom: Choose materials suitable for marine environment, such as polyurethane coating and fiber B. Polyurethane coating has excellent weather resistance and corrosion resistance, and can maintain stable performance in extreme marine environment. Fiber B is a high-strength, lightweight material that can provide sufficient structural strength and durability while maintaining the flexibility of the oil boom.

[0113] Shape design: As Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the cylindrical design allows the boom to rotate flexibly at sea, adapt to changes in waves and wind, and reduce stress concentration caused by fixed structures. An isolation belt is designed on the upper part of the boom to isolate seawater from seawater mixed with oil and reduce the spread of oil spills. The skirt part is designed with small holes 2 to form a channel for seawater and submerged oil, which is convenient for oil sedimentation. Multi-layer mesh material 4 is laid in the perforated area of ​​the skirt. The mesh material can not only provide additional support, but also help disperse pressure and reduce deformation of the boom caused by gravity. The bottom is the load-bearing part, which plays a role in stabilizing the boom. Ball-type connecting devices are set at both ends of the boom to facilitate the timely addition and connection of new booms after an oil spill accident. Figure 2 In the figure, H represents the height of the oil boom; W represents the length of the oil boom; d represents the width of the group part of the oil boom; φ represents the diameter of the small holes in the group part.

[0114] Figure 3 middle:

[0115] Universal ball 1, used to adjust the range of the oil boom, which provides high flexibility and mobility when deploying the oil boom;

[0116] Small holes 2 form a passage for seawater and submerged oil, facilitating the sedimentation of oil pollution;

[0117] The load-bearing part 3 is arranged at the bottom of the oil boom and is used to stabilize the oil boom;

[0118] Mesh material 4, multiple layers of mesh material are laid in the perforated area of ​​the skirt. The mesh material can not only provide additional support, but also help disperse pressure and reduce deformation of the oil boom caused by gravity.

[0119] (2) Oil boom operation.

[0120] (2.1) Deployment operation: The boom is placed on the ship's wall in normal conditions for quick deployment and recovery. The intelligent boom deployment rudder can automatically adjust the deployment trajectory according to sea conditions and instructions to ensure the stability and effectiveness of the boom. The boom is deployed according to the pre-set trajectory to cover the oil spill area and prevent the spread of oil pollution.

[0121] (2.2) Inflatable design: The oil boom adopts an inflatable design, which can be quickly inflated to form an effective oil boom structure. Air is mainly used as the inflation medium. Due to the easy availability and light weight of air, the deployment of the oil boom is more convenient and quick.

[0122] (2.3) Waterproof light design: The waterproof light design enables the oil boom to be clearly identified by monitoring personnel at night or in bad weather conditions, making it easier to analyze and control. The waterproof light can provide sufficient lighting in low light conditions to ensure that the operation and monitoring of the oil boom are not affected.

[0123] (3) Size and specifications of oil boom.

[0124] Size determination: The depth of offshore boom is set at 60-150cm, which can meet the needs of most sea conditions and oil spill accidents. The freeboard range is set at 30-130cm, which can ensure that the boom is stably deployed at sea and adapt to different hull structures and sea conditions. The length of the boom can reach 300cm, which can meet the needs of most oil spill accident handling and has a certain degree of flexibility. The size and specifications of the boom can also be customized according to specific usage requirements to meet specific oil spill accident handling needs.

[0125] (4) Oil boom recovery.

[0126] The boom is designed with the need for rapid recovery in mind, with a structure that is easy to fold, disassemble and reassemble. After the oil spill is dealt with, the boom can be quickly withdrawn for the next use or maintenance. The boom adopts a modular design and consists of multiple independent parts, each with a specific function and role. During the recovery process, the boom can be disassembled or reassembled as needed to improve recovery efficiency.

[0127] See also Figure 1 The emergency management center, located in the emergency management agency, undertakes the key function of information collection and collation, ensuring the accuracy and timeliness of accident-related information. The center makes scientific decisions based on detailed data and formulates corresponding emergency instructions and handling strategies. At the same time, the center also plays a role in coordinating the forces of all parties, including the internal emergency response team, external rescue agencies, government departments, and the public, to achieve efficient communication and collaboration through the center to ensure that accidents can be responded to quickly and orderly, minimizing losses and impacts.

[0128] In the operation of the emergency management center, the real-time update and sharing mechanism of information is crucial. By establishing an efficient information platform, the center ensures the rapid circulation and transparency of information, which plays a decisive role in improving the timeliness and effectiveness of emergency response. In addition, the center is also responsible for formulating and optimizing emergency plans, and continuously adjusting and improving response strategies through simulation exercises and historical data analysis to adapt to the ever-changing accident scenarios and risk environment.

[0129] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0130] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the design ideas and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Therefore, any equivalent changes or modifications made based on the principles and design ideas disclosed by the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic intelligent emergency boom system for offshore oil spill accidents, characterized in that: Including monitoring module, central control module and structural module; The monitoring module is used to monitor the liquid level in the oil tank, the spread of oil pollution and the pressure state of the hull structure in real time; the monitoring module includes an ultrasonic monitoring unit, a video monitoring unit and a pressure sensor unit; wherein the ultrasonic monitoring unit calculates the distance to the oil surface by measuring the time difference between the emission and reception of sound waves, and provides liquid level data for the central control module; the video monitoring unit uses a camera to capture real-time images of the sea area, analyzes the oil pollution area through image processing algorithms, and determines the occurrence and severity of oil spill accidents; the pressure sensor unit monitors the pressure changes inside the oil tank and the hull structure in real time, and promptly discovers potential leakage risks; The central control module is used to integrate, analyze, conduct risk assessment and early warning, and issue and execute instructions for the data of the monitoring module. First, the real-time data sent by the monitoring module is received through a high-speed data interface, and pre-processed and verified to ensure the quality and consistency of the data. Then, big data analysis technology and artificial intelligence algorithms are used to deeply mine and analyze historical and real-time data, identify patterns and trends in the data, and evaluate the safety status of the tanker. When the monitoring data exceeds the set safety threshold, the central control module will automatically trigger the early warning system, issue an alarm to the crew, and record event information. At the same time, according to the monitoring data and risk assessment results, the corresponding instructions are automatically generated and executed, including releasing oil booms and adjusting the navigation status of the ship to deal with emergencies. The structural module is used to design the oil boom, including the material selection, shape design and structural design of the oil boom.

2. The automatic intelligent emergency boom system for offshore oil spill accidents according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The execution steps of the video monitoring unit include: continuously monitoring the sea area through a high-resolution camera, capturing real-time images, and monitoring the sea area in real time; collecting image data, the high-resolution camera continuously captures real-time images of the sea area, and transmits the image data to the data processing unit in real time after compression encoding; the data processing unit performs image preprocessing to improve image quality, wherein the preprocessing includes noise removal and contrast enhancement operations; then the image processing algorithm is applied to analyze the image to identify the oil pollution area; the analysis results, including the location, shape, and area information of the oil pollution, are displayed on the monitoring screen in real time, and are synchronously transmitted to the central control module.

3. The automatic intelligent emergency boom system for offshore oil spill accidents according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The execution steps of the pressure sensor unit include: installing a pressure sensor at a key position inside the oil tank; digitizing the pressure value P_sensor detected by the sensor through an A / D converter, and transmitting the digitized data to a data processing unit; the data processing unit compares the pressure value P_sensor with a preset safety threshold P_threshold, and uses the following formula to determine the leakage risk Leakage Risk: Leakage Risk=High(if P_sensor>P_threshold),Low(if P_sensor≤P_threshold) If the pressure value P_sensor exceeds the normal range, a multivariate regression analysis is performed in combination with temperature and hydraulic parameters; the possibility and amount of leakage are evaluated, and an early warning is issued in a timely manner; the stress values ​​​​of different parts of the hull when facing wave loads and static loads are estimated by combining the principles of structural mechanics and measured pressure data.

4. The automatic intelligent emergency boom system for offshore oil spill accidents according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the central control module, risk assessment and early warning include: based on the data integrated by the central control module, using statistical methods and machine learning algorithms to assess the safety status of the tanker; building a risk scoring model: Among them, P(y=1) is the probability of the event occurring, X n For each risk factor, β n are model parameters; Set different security thresholds based on historical data and industry security standards; classify risks into low, medium, and high levels, with each level corresponding to a specific color and sound alarm; use an adaptive algorithm to adjust the security threshold based on real-time data, the formula is: Among them, θ t is the dynamic threshold, θ0 is the initial threshold, is the mean of real-time data, α is the adjustment coefficient; The central control module monitors various indicators in real time, including oil tank pressure and liquid level. When the monitoring data exceeds the set safety threshold, the early warning system is automatically triggered. Alarms are sent to the crew through sound and light signals and electronic display screens, and event information is recorded.

5. The automatic intelligent emergency boom system for offshore oil spill accidents according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the central control module, the issuance and execution of instructions include: When the central control module detects a leak or other emergency, it automatically triggers the preset command generation process; at the same time, it allows crew members or remote command centers to manually input commands to deal with complex or special situations; command types include but are not limited to releasing oil booms, adjusting the ship's navigation status, and initiating emergency procedures; Use standard communication protocols to ensure accurate transmission of instructions; the recipient needs to confirm receipt of instructions and use confirmation signals to ensure the reliability of communication; establish a coordination mechanism to ensure consistency of instructions and collaborative work between the crew and the remote command center; The central control module monitors the execution of instructions in real time to ensure that the instructions are executed correctly; the execution feedback obtains execution feedback from the execution device and evaluates the execution effect; the feedback control theory is used to adjust the execution strategy, the formula is: Among them, u(t) is the control command, e(t) is the error signal, K p , K i , K d are the proportional, integral and derivative controller parameters respectively.

6. The automatic intelligent emergency boom system for offshore oil spill accidents according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The central control module records all monitoring data and operating instructions in real time through the storage unit; regularly analyzes the stored data and uses statistical methods to identify patterns and trends in the data; records all data access and operation records and uses audit logs to ensure data integrity and auditability; and applies anomaly detection algorithms to identify outliers in the data. The formula is: Where E(h(x)) is the path length of sample x, c(E(H) is the average path length; Design standardized report templates, including system operation status and emergency response effects; use report generation tools to automatically generate regular reports; and apply data visualization technology to display key indicators and trends; regularly back up data to ensure rapid recovery in the event of data loss or system failure.

7. The automatic intelligent emergency boom system for offshore oil spill accidents according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The oil boom mainly includes a universal ball, a small hole, a load-bearing part and a mesh material; the universal ball is used to adjust the range of the oil boom; the small hole is designed in the skirt part of the oil boom to form a channel for seawater and submerged oil, which is convenient for oil pollution to settle; the load-bearing part is arranged at the bottom of the oil boom to stabilize the oil boom; Multiple layers of mesh material are laid in the perforated area of ​​the oil boom skirt to provide support and disperse pressure for the boom and reduce deformation of the boom due to gravity.

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