Locomotive vibration performance evaluation method and system based on locomotive magnitude traceability

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of vibration detection, in particular to a locomotive vibration performance evaluation method and system based on locomotive magnitude traceability, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining reference light and measurement light; modulating the measurement light according to the pulse modulation signal by using an acousto-optic modulator to obtain measurement pulse light; calculating a reverse signal of the sound signal, and driving a piezoelectric driver to vibrate the detection optical fiber; measuring pulse light is guided into a detection optical fiber, a back Rayleigh signal generated by the measuring pulse light in the detection optical fiber is guided out, and an environment sound resisting back Rayleigh signal is obtained; performing guided edge filtering detection on the confrontation environment sound back Rayleigh signal to obtain a filtered back Rayleigh signal; coupling the filtered back Rayleigh signal and the reference light to obtain an electric signal; and converting the electric signal into a vibration frequency signal by using an IQ demodulator, evaluating by using an evaluation model, and evaluating the health condition of the vehicle according to the vibration frequency signal. The accuracy of locomotive vibration performance evaluation can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of vibration detection technology, and in particular to a locomotive vibration performance evaluation method and system based on locomotive value tracing. Background Art

[0002] As the core tool of road transportation, the operation status of locomotives is directly related to transportation efficiency and passenger safety. The vibration generated by locomotives during operation not only affects the comfort of passengers, but may also cause structural fatigue and early damage. Therefore, the evaluation and monitoring of locomotive vibration performance is particularly important.

[0003] Traditional locomotive vibration monitoring methods usually rely on contact sensors, such as accelerometers, speedometers, and displacement meters. However, there are still some limitations in modern railway transportation systems, such as detection accuracy, detection range, installation and maintenance difficulty, etc. With the development of the times, the detection results with large errors can no longer meet people's requirements for locomotive measurement accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a locomotive vibration performance evaluation method and system based on locomotive measurement value traceability, the main purpose of which is to improve the accuracy of locomotive vibration performance evaluation based on locomotive measurement value traceability through an anti-interference phase-sensitive optical time domain reflection measurement method and an artificial intelligence evaluation method.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a locomotive vibration performance evaluation method based on locomotive value traceability, comprising: Acquiring sound signals by using sound sensors at preset key positions of the vehicle, and acquiring reference light and measuring light by using laser emitters and spectrometers at the key positions of the vehicle; Acquire a pulse modulation signal of a preset intensity, and use a pre-built acousto-optic modulator to modulate the measurement light according to the pulse modulation signal to obtain a measurement pulse light; Calculate the average decibel of the sound signal within a preset time period, and determine whether the average decibel is greater than a preset interference threshold; When the average decibel is greater than the interference threshold, calculating a reverse signal of the sound signal, and driving a pre-constructed piezoelectric driver according to the reverse signal to vibrate the pre-constructed detection optical fiber; When the average decibel is less than or equal to the interference threshold, the measuring pulse light is introduced into the detection optical fiber, and the back-directed Rayleigh signal generated by the measuring pulse light in the detection optical fiber is derived by using a pre-built circulator to obtain a back-directed Rayleigh signal that is resistant to ambient sound; Performing guided edge filtering detection on the anti-ambient sound back-direction Rayleigh signal to obtain a filtered back-direction Rayleigh signal; Using a pre-built coupler, coupling the filtered back Rayleigh signal and the reference light to obtain a coupled signal, and using a pre-built balanced detector to convert the coupled signal into an electrical signal; Using a pre-built IQ demodulator, the electrical signal is demodulated according to a preset local reference signal to obtain an I-path signal and a Q-path signal, and using a pre-built host computer, the vibration frequency signal at the key position of the vehicle is calculated according to the I-path signal and the Q-path signal; The pre-trained vehicle condition assessment model is used to perform correlation identification on the vibration frequency signals at each key position of the vehicle based on the fault vibration characteristics to obtain the vehicle health status.

[0006] Optionally, the laser emitter is an infrared laser emitter with a wavelength greater than 1 mm, and the splitting ratio between the reference light and the measurement light of the spectrometer is 1:9.

[0007] Optionally, the using a pre-built acousto-optic modulator to modulate the measuring light according to the pulse modulation signal to obtain the measuring pulse light includes: Performing radio frequency amplification on the pulse modulation signal to obtain a high-energy modulation signal, wherein the pulse width of the pulse modulation signal is 100 ns; Using a piezoelectric transducer in a pre-built acousto-optic modulator, the high-energy modulation signal is converted into ultrasonic waves; Using the ultrasonic wave, the refractive index of the medium in the acousto-optic modulator is changed, and according to the medium after the refractive index change, the measuring light is modulated into a primary measuring pulse light; The primary measuring pulse light is configured with a preset frequency shift of 200 MHz to obtain a measuring pulse light.

[0008] Optionally, the calculating a reverse signal of the sound signal and driving a piezoelectric driver according to the reverse signal to vibrate a pre-constructed detection optical fiber comprises: Amplifying and filtering the sound signal to obtain a noise reduction signal, and digitally converting the noise reduction signal to obtain a digital signal; Analyzing the spectrum characteristics of the digital signal by Fourier transform to obtain the main frequency of the signal, and performing an inverse operation on the main frequency of the signal to obtain a cancellation main frequency; A pre-built sensing fiber is vibrated according to the offset primary frequency using a pre-built piezoelectric actuator.

[0009] Optionally, the step of performing guided edge filtering detection on the anti-ambient sound back-direction Rayleigh signal to obtain a filtered back-direction Rayleigh signal includes: According to the length of the detection optical fiber and the preset time signal, a time-space two-dimensional space matrix is ​​constructed, wherein each row in the time-space two-dimensional space matrix represents the amplitude of the anti-ambient sound back-Rayleigh signal generated by the measurement pulse light, and each column represents the signal intensity at the same optical fiber position at different times; The space-time two-dimensional space matrix is ​​configured as a two-dimensional function, and the two-dimensional function is expressed as: ; In the formula, Indicates The center window, Represents the two-dimensional space matrix of space-time A sampling point within the range, Indicates that the two-dimensional function is The output result of the sampling point is Indicates that the anti-ambient sound back-to-back Rayleigh signal is The value at the sampling point, and Indicates that when the window center is at Fixed coefficient of time; The gradient of the two-dimensional function is calculated to obtain the gradient formula: ; In the formula, represents the gradient operator, represents the two-dimensional function, represents a fixed parameter, It means the anti-ambient sound back Rayleigh signal; According to the gradient formula, determining that when the anti-ambient sound back-Rayleigh signal has an edge gradient, the output result of the two-dimensional function has a similar edge gradient; To calculate the fixed coefficient and , according to the linear representation of the two-dimensional function, construct a cost function that minimizes the difference between the output result and the anti-ambient sound back-Rayleigh signal, wherein the cost function is expressed as: ; In the formula, Indicates calculation of fixed parameters The cost function of is the regularization parameter, avoiding Too big, The two-dimensional function is expressed as The expected signal at the sampling point; Minimize the cost function and get the fixed coefficient and : ; In the formula, Indicates the window The amount of data in and The anti-ambient sound back Rayleigh signal In the window The mean and variance of , Indicates expected signal In the window The mean value in ; According to the fixed coefficient and , calculate the two-dimensional function to obtain a smooth two-dimensional function that preserves edge information: ; in, ; In the formula, Display Window Each within the range Fixed coefficient at sampling point The average value of Display Window Each within the range Fixed coefficient at sampling point The average value of The pre-constructed Sobel operator is used to perform a convolution operation on the smooth two-dimensional function to obtain the gradient of the smooth two-dimensional function in the horizontal direction, and the edge information of the anti-ambient sound back-Rayleigh signal is obtained according to the gradient, wherein the longitudinal template in the Sobel operator is expressed as: ; In the formula, Represents the 4×4 vertical template in the Sobel operator; The length of the detection optical fiber is set to n, and the signal of the detection optical fiber is collected according to a preset distance collection standard to obtain edge information of n anti-ambient sound back-Rayleigh signals, and the edge information of the n anti-ambient sound back-Rayleigh signals is differentially calculated according to the amplitude difference method to obtain a filtered back-Rayleigh signal.

[0010] Optionally, the coupler is a 50:50 beam splitter.

[0011] Optionally, before using the pre-built IQ demodulator to demodulate the electrical signal according to a preset local reference signal, the method further includes: amplifying the electrical signal to obtain an amplified electrical signal; filtering the amplified electrical signal to obtain a filtered electrical signal; The filtered electrical signal is sent to a pre-built IQ demodulator.

[0012] Optionally, the using a pre-built IQ demodulator to demodulate the electrical signal according to a preset local reference signal to obtain an I-path signal and a Q-path signal includes: Generate a local reference signal using a local oscillator in a pre-built IQ demodulator, wherein the local reference signal has the same frequency as the electrical signal but has a different phase or amplitude; Mixing the local reference signal and the electrical signal to obtain a mixed signal; Calculate the difference between the electrical signal and the in-phase component of the local reference signal according to the mixing signal to obtain an I-channel signal; The difference between the electric signal and the orthogonal component of the local reference signal is calculated according to the mixing signal to obtain a Q-path signal.

[0013] Optionally, the pre-trained vehicle condition assessment model is used to perform correlation identification based on fault vibration characteristics on the vibration frequency signals at each key position of the vehicle to obtain the vehicle health status, including: Using a pre-trained vehicle condition assessment model, a feature extraction operation is performed on the vibration frequency signal at each key position of the vehicle to obtain a feature vector; Performing an outlier value extraction operation on the feature vector to obtain an abnormal feature vector; Using a pre-built anomaly database, clustering the anomaly feature vectors to obtain clustering scores for each anomaly type, and extracting anomaly types whose clustering scores are greater than a preset warning threshold; The abnormal types at key positions of each vehicle are uniformly output to obtain the vehicle health status.

[0014] To achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a locomotive vibration performance evaluation system based on locomotive value tracing, comprising: A data capture module is used to obtain a sound signal by using a sound sensor at a preset key position of the vehicle, and to obtain a reference light and a measuring light by using a laser emitter and a spectrometer at the key position of the vehicle, and to obtain a pulse modulation signal of a preset intensity, and to modulate the measuring light according to the pulse modulation signal by using a pre-built acousto-optic modulator to obtain a measuring pulse light; A sound vibration cancellation module, used for calculating the average decibel of the sound signal within a preset time period, determining whether the average decibel is greater than a preset interference threshold, and when the average decibel is greater than the interference threshold, calculating a reverse signal of the sound signal, and driving a pre-constructed piezoelectric driver according to the reverse signal to vibrate the pre-constructed detection optical fiber; A vibration signal acquisition module, used for, when the average decibel is less than or equal to the interference threshold, introducing the measurement pulse light into the detection optical fiber, using a pre-constructed circulator, deriving the back Rayleigh signal generated by the measurement pulse light in the detection optical fiber to obtain an anti-ambient sound back Rayleigh signal, and performing guided edge filtering detection on the anti-ambient sound back Rayleigh signal to obtain a filtered back Rayleigh signal, and coupling the filtered back Rayleigh signal and the reference light to obtain a coupled signal, and using a pre-constructed coupler and a pre-constructed balanced detector to convert the coupled signal into an electrical signal, and using a pre-constructed IQ demodulator to demodulate the electrical signal according to a preset local reference signal to obtain an I-path signal and a Q-path signal, and using a pre-constructed host computer to calculate the vibration frequency signal at the key position of the vehicle according to the I-path signal and the Q-path signal; The vehicle vibration performance evaluation module is used to use a pre-trained vehicle condition evaluation model to perform correlation identification on the vibration frequency signals at each key position of the vehicle based on the fault vibration characteristics to obtain the vehicle health status.

[0015] In order to solve the above problem, the present invention further provides an electronic device, the electronic device comprising: a memory storing at least one instruction; and The processor executes the instructions stored in the memory to implement the locomotive vibration performance evaluation method based on locomotive value tracing as described above.

[0016] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which at least one instruction is stored. The at least one instruction is executed by a processor in an electronic device to implement the above-mentioned locomotive vibration performance evaluation method based on locomotive value tracing.

[0017] The present invention is to solve the problem described in the background technology. First, the present invention installs a sound sensor and a laser detector at a key position of the vehicle. The laser detector includes a laser emitter and a spectrometer. The laser is divided into a measurement light for measuring the vibration of the vehicle and a reference light that can form a contrast through the spectrometer. The present invention adopts the idea of ​​phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflection to measure vibration. Considering that the vehicle has a large noise and the measuring tool is a relatively small optical fiber, the reverse signal is first used to offset the sound interference through the piezoelectric driver to improve the accuracy of vibration detection. Further, before identifying the vehicle vibration signal according to the back Rayleigh signal, the present invention further reduces the signal-to-noise ratio in the back Rayleigh signal by guided filtering, edge calculation and amplitude difference, thereby further improving the accuracy of vehicle vibration signal acquisition. Finally, the present invention evaluates the vehicle vibration performance by training an artificial intelligence model and the accuracy and timeliness of artificial intelligence calculation to obtain the final vehicle health status. Therefore, the method and system proposed by the present invention can improve the accuracy of locomotive vibration performance evaluation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a locomotive vibration performance evaluation method based on locomotive value traceability provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A functional module diagram of a locomotive vibration performance evaluation system based on locomotive value traceability provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device for implementing the locomotive vibration performance evaluation method based on locomotive value tracing provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0021] The embodiment of the present application provides a locomotive vibration performance evaluation method based on locomotive measurement traceability. The execution subject of the locomotive vibration performance evaluation method based on locomotive measurement traceability includes but is not limited to at least one of the electronic devices such as a server and a terminal that can be configured to execute the method provided in the embodiment of the present application. In other words, the locomotive vibration performance evaluation method based on locomotive measurement traceability can be executed by software or hardware installed on a terminal device or a server device, and the software can be a blockchain platform. The server includes but is not limited to: a single server, a server cluster, a cloud server or a cloud server cluster, etc.

[0022] Reference Figure 1FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a locomotive vibration performance evaluation method based on locomotive value traceability provided by an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the locomotive vibration performance evaluation method based on locomotive value traceability includes: S1. Acquire sound signals using sound sensors at preset key positions of the vehicle, and acquire reference light and measurement light using laser emitters and spectrometers at the key positions of the vehicle.

[0023] In the embodiment of the present invention, the φ-OTDR technology is mainly used to measure the vibration signal data of the locomotive, and some anti-interference algorithms are added to the φ-OTDR technology to improve the accuracy of vibration signal extraction.

[0024] It should be known that the φ-OTDR technology includes a laser generator, a beam splitter, an acousto-optic modulator, a circulator, an optical fiber, a coupler, a balanced detector, an amplifier, a filter, an IQ demodulator and a host computer. The traditional solution is mainly that the beam splitter divides the laser into a measuring light and a reference light; the measuring light is affected by factors such as the unevenness of the optical fiber medium in the optical fiber, causing the measuring light to undergo Rayleigh scattering in the opposite direction, and obtaining a back-to-back Rayleigh signal; when the locomotive vibrates, the optical fiber vibrates, the laser changes in the optical fiber, and then the back-to-back Rayleigh signal also changes; the reference light is used to check the degree of change of the back-to-back Rayleigh signal, and finally the vibration signal of the locomotive is inferred by the host computer.

[0025] However, in the case of locomotive vibration, there is high noise, and the detection device is a relatively small optical fiber, which is easily disturbed by sound and generates vibration, resulting in inaccurate detection results. Therefore, the present invention is equipped with a sound sensor at a key position of the vehicle.

[0026] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the laser emitter is an infrared laser emitter, for example, a laser emitter with a central wavelength of 1550nm and a line width of 3kHz, wherein the infrared wavelength refers to a wave between 700nm and 1mm. The infrared laser used in the present invention has the advantages of low energy, little harm to humans, and high penetration.

[0027] Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present invention, a spectrometer with a splitting ratio of 1:9 between the reference light and the measurement light is used to ensure that the reference light and the subsequently extracted back-direction Rayleigh signal are on the same order of magnitude, thereby improving detection accuracy.

[0028] S2. Obtain a pulse modulation signal of a preset intensity, and use a pre-built acousto-optic modulator to modulate the measurement light according to the pulse modulation signal to obtain a measurement pulse light.

[0029] In the embodiment of the present invention, experimental data show that it is more appropriate for the pulse modulation signal to use a pulse signal with a preset pulse width of 100ns, and its specific value can be adjusted according to the type of vehicle and the environment.

[0030] The pulse modulation signal is a synchronization pulse of the subsequent measurement pulse light.

[0031] In detail, in an embodiment of the present invention, the method of using a pre-built acousto-optic modulator to modulate the measurement light according to the pulse modulation signal to obtain the measurement pulse light includes: Performing radio frequency amplification on the pulse modulation signal to obtain a high-energy modulation signal, wherein the pulse width of the pulse modulation signal is 100 ns; Using a piezoelectric transducer in a pre-built acousto-optic modulator, the high-energy modulation signal is converted into ultrasonic waves; Using the ultrasonic wave, the refractive index of the medium in the acousto-optic modulator is changed, and according to the medium after the refractive index change, the measuring light is modulated into a primary measuring pulse light; The primary measuring pulse light is configured with a preset frequency shift of 200 MHz to obtain a measuring pulse light.

[0032] Specifically, the acousto-optic modulator in the embodiment of the present invention can be converted into ultrasonic waves according to the pulse modulation signal, and the ultrasonic wave can change the refractive index of the medium (crystal or glass), so that the refracted primary measurement pulse light cannot enter the subsequent optical fiber; once the pulse stops, the medium returns to normal, and the primary measurement pulse light can enter the optical fiber again, thereby realizing the use of the pulse modulation signal to control the working frequency of the optical fiber. In addition, in order to achieve better detection results, the present invention adds a frequency shift of 200MHz on the basis of the primary measurement pulse light.

[0033] S3. Calculate the average decibel of the sound signal within a preset time period, and determine whether the average decibel is greater than a preset interference threshold.

[0034] In the embodiment of the present invention, the degree of sound collection varies according to the vehicle's operating horsepower, driving location (private courtyard, public intersection, etc.), and the location of the vehicle's key position (inside the cab, outside the cab). If the sound is small, for example, less than 30 decibels, it may not have much impact on the subsequent measurement light fluctuations, and there is no need to perform sound vibration cancellation; otherwise, vibration cancellation is required.

[0035] When the average decibel is greater than the interference threshold, S4, calculating a reverse signal of the sound signal, and according to the reverse signal, driving a pre-constructed piezoelectric driver to vibrate the pre-constructed detection optical fiber.

[0036] Among them, the reverse signal refers to the positive and negative reversal of the sound signal, which is similar to the active noise reduction principle of headphones.

[0037] In detail, in an embodiment of the present invention, the calculating of the reverse signal of the sound signal and driving the pre-constructed piezoelectric driver according to the reverse signal to vibrate the pre-constructed detection optical fiber includes: Amplifying and filtering the sound signal to obtain a noise reduction signal, and digitally converting the noise reduction signal to obtain a digital signal; Analyzing the spectrum characteristics of the digital signal by Fourier transform to obtain the main frequency of the signal, and performing an inverse operation on the main frequency of the signal to obtain a cancellation main frequency; A pre-built sensing fiber is vibrated according to the offset primary frequency using a pre-built piezoelectric actuator.

[0038] In the embodiment of the present invention, the sound wave cancellation is realized by constructing a reverse signal, and the cancellation process is to find the main frequency of the ambient sound through the reverse digital signal, and convert the main frequency into vibration through PZT (Lead Zirconate Titanate, lead zirconium titanate ceramic), thereby canceling the vibration caused by the sound on the detection optical fiber. Among them, the PZT is a piezoelectric material with a significant piezoelectric effect, which can convert the reverse signal into the power to cancel the vibration.

[0039] When the average decibel is less than or equal to the interference threshold, S5, the measuring pulse light is introduced into the detection optical fiber, and the back-Rayleigh signal generated by the measuring pulse light in the detection optical fiber is derived using a pre-built circulator to obtain a back-Rayleigh signal that is resistant to ambient sound.

[0040] In the embodiment of the present invention, the circulator is an optical isolator that allows light to be transmitted in one direction while preventing reverse transmission. The present invention can introduce the measuring pulse light into the optical fiber through the circulator, and can also extract the back-direction Rayleigh signal generated in the optical fiber in the opposite direction to the measuring pulse light from the optical fiber and send it to the coupler.

[0041] Among them, since the detection optical fiber is subjected to the noise vibration cancellation of the PZT, the extracted back-direction Rayleigh signal can be called an anti-ambient sound back-direction Rayleigh signal.

[0042] S6. Perform guided edge filtering detection on the anti-ambient sound back-facing Rayleigh signal to obtain a filtered back-facing Rayleigh signal.

[0043] In detail, in an embodiment of the present invention, the step of performing guided edge filtering detection on the anti-ambient sound back Rayleigh signal to obtain a filtered back Rayleigh signal includes: According to the length of the detection optical fiber and the preset time signal, a time-space two-dimensional space matrix is ​​constructed, wherein each row in the time-space two-dimensional space matrix represents the amplitude of the anti-ambient sound back-Rayleigh signal generated by the measurement pulse light, and each column represents the signal intensity at the same optical fiber position at different times; The space-time two-dimensional space matrix is ​​configured as a two-dimensional function, and the two-dimensional function is expressed as: ; In the formula, Indicates The center window, Represents the two-dimensional space matrix of space-time A sampling point within the range, Indicates that the two-dimensional function is The output result of the sampling point is Indicates that the anti-ambient sound back-to-back Rayleigh signal is The value at the sampling point, and Indicates that when the window center is at Fixed coefficient of time; The gradient of the two-dimensional function is calculated to obtain the gradient formula: ; In the formula, represents the gradient operator, represents the two-dimensional function, represents a fixed parameter, It means the anti-ambient sound back Rayleigh signal; According to the gradient formula, determining that when the anti-ambient sound back-Rayleigh signal has an edge gradient, the output result of the two-dimensional function has a similar edge gradient; To calculate the fixed coefficient and , according to the linear representation of the two-dimensional function, construct a cost function that minimizes the difference between the output result and the anti-ambient sound back-Rayleigh signal, wherein the cost function is expressed as: ; In the formula, Indicates calculation of fixed parameters The cost function of is the regularization parameter, avoiding Too big, The two-dimensional function is expressed as The expected signal at the sampling point; Minimize the cost function and get the fixed coefficient and : ; In the formula, Indicates the window The amount of data in and The anti-ambient sound back Rayleigh signal In the window The mean and variance of , Indicates expected signal In the window The mean value in ; According to the fixed coefficient and , calculate the two-dimensional function to obtain a smooth two-dimensional function that preserves edge information: ; in, ; In the formula, Display Window Each within the range Fixed coefficient at sampling point The average value of Display Window Each within the range Fixed coefficient at sampling point The average value of The pre-constructed Sobel operator is used to perform a convolution operation on the smooth two-dimensional function to obtain the gradient of the smooth two-dimensional function in the horizontal direction, and the edge information of the anti-ambient sound back-Rayleigh signal is obtained according to the gradient, wherein the longitudinal template in the Sobel operator is expressed as: ; In the formula, Represents the 4×4 vertical template in the Sobel operator; The length of the detection optical fiber is set to n, and the signal of the detection optical fiber is collected according to a preset distance collection standard to obtain edge information of n anti-ambient sound back-Rayleigh signals, and the edge information of the n anti-ambient sound back-Rayleigh signals is differentially calculated according to the amplitude difference method to obtain a filtered back-Rayleigh signal.

[0044] According to the above steps, the present invention firstly forms a time-space two-dimensional space matrix of anti-ambient sound back-Rayleigh signals collected by the φ-OTDR system according to the specified optical fiber length. After that, the time-space two-dimensional space matrix is ​​subjected to edge-preserving guided filtering operation to make the external vibration information more obvious. Then, edge detection is performed on the two-dimensional matrix after guided filtering to extract obvious edge features. Finally, amplitude difference processing is performed on it and normalization is performed to obtain the final result.

[0045] Specifically, in the process of constructing the two-dimensional space, the total length of the detection optical fiber is n, and according to collecting a signal at every 1 / n length, the total number of collection points is n, and the two-dimensional space-time matrix is ​​determined by the size of n. In the two-dimensional matrix, each row represents the amplitude of the anti-ambient sound back-Rayleigh signal generated by the detection pulse light, and each column represents the signal strength at the same optical fiber position at different times.

[0046] In the guided filtering process, the space-time two-dimensional space matrix is ​​first guided filtered in order to smooth a portion of the noise while retaining the edges with valid information. Then, the space-time two-dimensional space matrix is ​​regarded as the two-dimensional function described in the above steps using a local linear model. The present invention takes the gradient of the two-dimensional function. It can be seen that when the guided object (anti-ambient sound back-to-Rayleigh signal) has an edge gradient, the output result of the two-dimensional function will also have a corresponding gradient. Therefore, after guided filtering, the edges of valid information can be retained. In order to further determine the fixed coefficient and , then the expected signal (real signal) of the two-dimensional function needs to be considered. In order to retain the effective vibration information and minimize the difference between the output result and the expected signal, the cost function in the above steps is constructed and solved to obtain the optimal fixed coefficient and Finally, these two fixed coefficients are introduced into the original two-dimensional function, and a two-dimensional function that only smoothes the middle of the two-dimensional function but not the edges can be obtained.

[0047] Then, the present invention obtains a filtered back-to-back Rayleigh signal with a low signal-to-noise ratio through the above-mentioned edge detection and amplitude difference operations, wherein the edge detection and amplitude difference are relatively simple, and their specific operation steps are not repeated here.

[0048] S7. Using a pre-built coupler, couple the filtered back-Rayleigh signal and the reference light to obtain a coupled signal, and using a pre-built balanced detector to convert the coupled signal into an electrical signal.

[0049] The 50:50 beam splitter used in the embodiment of the present invention is used as a coupler to couple the filtered back Rayleigh signal and the reference light in equal proportion.

[0050] S8. Using a pre-built IQ demodulator, according to a preset local reference signal, the electrical signal is demodulated to obtain an I-path signal and a Q-path signal, and using a pre-built host computer, according to the I-path signal and the Q-path signal, the vibration frequency signal at the key position of the vehicle is calculated.

[0051] In the embodiment of the present invention, before using the pre-built IQ demodulator to demodulate the electrical signal according to a preset local reference signal, the method further includes: amplifying the electrical signal to obtain an amplified electrical signal; filtering the amplified electrical signal to obtain a filtered electrical signal; The filtered electrical signal is sent to a pre-built IQ demodulator.

[0052] Among them, the strength of the signal can be improved by performing gain through the amplifier; unnecessary frequency components in the signal, such as noise or frequencies unrelated to the target signal, can be removed through a bandpass filter, a low-pass filter or a high-pass filter; the above process is a preprocessing process before the IQ demodulator processes the signal, which can effectively improve the processing accuracy.

[0053] Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the method of using a pre-built IQ demodulator to demodulate the electrical signal according to a preset local reference signal to obtain an I-path signal and a Q-path signal includes: Generate a local reference signal using a local oscillator in a pre-built IQ demodulator, wherein the local reference signal has the same frequency as the electrical signal but has a different phase or amplitude; Mixing the local reference signal and the electrical signal to obtain a mixed signal; Calculate the difference between the electrical signal and the in-phase component of the local reference signal according to the mixing signal to obtain an I-channel signal; The difference between the electric signal and the orthogonal component of the local reference signal is calculated according to the mixing signal to obtain a Q-path signal.

[0054] In the embodiment of the present invention, a demodulation technique is used to mix the amplified and filtered signal with a reference signal (local reference signal) generated by a local oscillator (LO). The reference signal (local reference signal) is usually at the same frequency as the carrier signal (electrical signal), but with a different phase or amplitude so as to match the I and Q components of the received signal.

[0055] In the φ-OTDR system, IQ demodulation is used to extract vibration and strain information from the reflected filtered back Rayleigh signal. By analyzing the changes in the I and Q signals, small disturbances along the optical fiber can be detected, achieving high-precision distributed sensing.

[0056] S9. Using the pre-trained vehicle condition assessment model, the vibration frequency signals at each key position of the vehicle are subjected to correlation identification based on the fault vibration characteristics to obtain the vehicle health status.

[0057] The vehicle condition assessment model in the embodiment of the present invention is a Transformer-based neural network model, which can perform one-time feature extraction on the vibration signal frequencies of multiple sources, and perform anomaly detection and correlation detection on the extracted features.

[0058] In the embodiment of the present invention, the model can be trained by using pre-constructed training samples, a gradient descent method, and a cross entropy loss algorithm, and the model training progress can be controlled by testing the accuracy of the model.

[0059] In detail, in the embodiment of the present invention, the pre-trained vehicle condition assessment model is used to perform correlation identification based on fault vibration characteristics on the vibration frequency signals at each key position of the vehicle to obtain the vehicle health status, including: Using a pre-trained vehicle condition assessment model, a feature extraction operation is performed on the vibration frequency signal at each key position of the vehicle to obtain a feature vector; Performing an outlier value extraction operation on the feature vector to obtain an abnormal feature vector; Using a pre-built anomaly database, clustering the anomaly feature vectors to obtain clustering scores for each anomaly type, and extracting anomaly types whose clustering scores are greater than a preset warning threshold; The abnormal types at key positions of each vehicle are uniformly output to obtain the vehicle health status.

[0060] The abnormal database refers to a set of recorded data obtained by damaging different areas of a locomotive or installing and using parts that are about to be scrapped to perform vibration detection during an experimental process.

[0061] Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the warning threshold is configured to be 90%.

[0062] In the embodiment of the present invention, various fault types at key positions of various vehicles can be accurately identified based on artificial intelligence, and uniformly visualized, so as to obtain the vehicle health status.

[0063] The present invention is to solve the problem described in the background technology. First, the present invention installs a sound sensor and a laser detector at a key position of the vehicle. The laser detector includes a laser emitter and a spectrometer. The laser is divided into a measurement light for measuring the vibration of the vehicle and a reference light that can form a contrast through the spectrometer. The present invention adopts the idea of ​​phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflection to measure vibration. Considering that the vehicle has a large noise and the measuring tool is a relatively small optical fiber, the reverse signal is first used to offset the sound interference through the piezoelectric driver to improve the accuracy of vibration detection. Further, before identifying the vehicle vibration signal according to the back Rayleigh signal, the present invention further reduces the signal-to-noise ratio in the back Rayleigh signal by guided filtering, edge calculation and amplitude difference, thereby further improving the accuracy of vehicle vibration signal acquisition. Finally, the present invention evaluates the vehicle vibration performance by training an artificial intelligence model and by the accuracy and timeliness of artificial intelligence calculation to obtain the final vehicle health status. Therefore, the method proposed by the present invention can improve the accuracy of locomotive vibration performance evaluation.

[0064] like Figure 2 , which is a functional module diagram of a locomotive vibration performance evaluation system based on locomotive value traceability provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0065] The locomotive vibration performance evaluation system 100 based on locomotive value traceability of the present invention can be installed in an electronic device. According to the functions implemented, the locomotive vibration performance evaluation system 100 based on locomotive value traceability can include a data capture module 101, a sound vibration cancellation module 102, a vibration signal acquisition module 103 and a vehicle vibration performance evaluation module 104. The module of the present invention can also be called a unit, which refers to a series of computer program segments that can be executed by an electronic device processor and can complete fixed functions, which are stored in the memory of the electronic device.

[0066] The data capture module 101 is used to obtain a sound signal by using a sound sensor at a preset key position of the vehicle, and to obtain a reference light and a measuring light by using a laser transmitter and a spectrometer at the key position of the vehicle, and to obtain a pulse modulation signal of a preset intensity, and to modulate the measuring light according to the pulse modulation signal by using a pre-built acousto-optic modulator to obtain a measuring pulse light; The sound vibration cancellation module 102 is used to calculate the average decibel of the sound signal within a preset time period, determine whether the average decibel is greater than a preset interference threshold, and when the average decibel is greater than the interference threshold, calculate the reverse signal of the sound signal, and drive the pre-constructed piezoelectric driver according to the reverse signal to vibrate the pre-constructed detection optical fiber; The vibration signal acquisition module 103 is used to, when the average decibel is less than or equal to the interference threshold, introduce the measurement pulse light into the detection optical fiber, use a pre-constructed circulator to derive the back Rayleigh signal generated by the measurement pulse light in the detection optical fiber to obtain an anti-ambient sound back Rayleigh signal, and use a pre-constructed coupler to perform guided edge filtering detection on the anti-ambient sound back Rayleigh signal to obtain a filtered back Rayleigh signal, and couple the filtered back Rayleigh signal and the reference light to obtain a coupled signal, and use a pre-constructed balanced detector to convert the coupled signal into an electrical signal, and use a pre-constructed IQ demodulator to demodulate the electrical signal according to a preset local reference signal to obtain an I-path signal and a Q-path signal, and use a pre-constructed host computer to calculate the vibration frequency signal at the key position of the vehicle according to the I-path signal and the Q-path signal; The vehicle vibration performance evaluation module 104 is used to use a pre-trained vehicle condition evaluation model to perform correlation identification on the vibration frequency signals at each key position of the vehicle based on fault vibration characteristics to obtain the vehicle health status.

[0067] In detail, the modules in the locomotive vibration performance evaluation system 100 based on locomotive value traceability in the embodiment of the present invention are used in the same manner as described above. Figure 1 The locomotive vibration performance evaluation method based on locomotive measurement traceability is the same technical means as described in the text and can produce the same technical effects, so it will not be repeated here.

[0068] like Figure 3 , which is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device for implementing a locomotive vibration performance evaluation method based on locomotive value tracing provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0069] The electronic device 1 may include a processor 10, a memory 11 and a bus 12, and may also include a computer program stored in the memory 11 and executable on the processor 10, such as a locomotive vibration performance evaluation method program based on locomotive value traceability.

[0070] Among them, the memory 11 includes at least one type of readable storage medium, and the readable storage medium includes flash memory, mobile hard disk, multimedia card, card-type memory (for example: SD or DX memory, etc.), magnetic memory, disk, optical disk, etc. In some embodiments, the memory 11 can be an internal storage unit of the electronic device 1, such as a mobile hard disk of the electronic device 1. In other embodiments, the memory 11 can also be an external storage device of the electronic device 1, such as a plug-in mobile hard disk, a smart memory card (Smart Media Card, SMC), a secure digital (SecureDigital, SD) card, a flash card (Flash Card), etc. equipped on the electronic device 1. Further, the memory 11 also includes an internal storage unit of the electronic device 1 and an external storage device. The memory 11 can not only be used to store application software and various types of data installed in the electronic device 1, such as the code of the locomotive vibration performance evaluation method program based on locomotive value traceability, but also can be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.

[0071] The processor 10 may be composed of an integrated circuit in some embodiments, for example, a single packaged integrated circuit, or a plurality of packaged integrated circuits with the same or different functions, including one or more central processing units (CPUs), microprocessors, digital processing chips, graphics processors, and a combination of various control chips, etc. The processor 10 is the control core (Control Unit) of the electronic device, and uses various interfaces and lines to connect various components of the entire electronic device, and executes or executes programs or modules stored in the memory 11 (such as a locomotive vibration performance evaluation method program based on locomotive value traceability, etc.), and calls data stored in the memory 11 to execute various functions of the electronic device 1 and process data.

[0072] The bus 12 may be a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus or an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus, etc. The bus 12 may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. The bus 12 is configured to realize connection and communication between the memory 11 and at least one processor 10, etc.

[0073] Figure 3 Only an electronic device with components is shown, and those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 3The structure shown does not constitute a limitation on the electronic device 1, and may include fewer or more components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or arrange the components differently.

[0074] For example, although not shown, the electronic device 1 may also include a power source (such as a battery) for supplying power to various components. Preferably, the power source may be logically connected to the at least one processor 10 through a power management device, so that the power management device can realize functions such as charging management, discharging management, and power consumption management. The power source may also include one or more DC or AC power sources, recharging devices, power failure detection circuits, power converters or inverters, power status indicators, and other arbitrary components. The electronic device 1 may also include a variety of sensors, Bluetooth modules, Wi-Fi modules, etc., which will not be repeated here.

[0075] Furthermore, the electronic device 1 may also include a network interface. Optionally, the network interface may include a wired interface and / or a wireless interface (such as a WI-FI interface, a Bluetooth interface, etc.), which is generally used to establish a communication connection between the electronic device 1 and other electronic devices.

[0076] Optionally, the electronic device 1 may further include a user interface, which may be a display, an input unit (such as a keyboard), or a standard wired interface or a wireless interface. Optionally, in some embodiments, the display may be an LED display, a liquid crystal display, a touch-sensitive liquid crystal display, and an OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) touch device. The display may also be appropriately referred to as a display screen or a display unit, which is used to display information processed in the electronic device 1 and to display a visual user interface.

[0077] It should be understood that the embodiment is for illustration only and the scope of the patent application is not limited to this structure.

[0078] The locomotive vibration performance evaluation method program based on locomotive value traceability stored in the memory 11 of the electronic device 1 is a combination of multiple instructions. When running in the processor 10, it can achieve: Acquiring sound signals by using sound sensors at preset key positions of the vehicle, and acquiring reference light and measuring light by using laser emitters and spectrometers at the key positions of the vehicle; Acquire a pulse modulation signal of a preset intensity, and use a pre-built acousto-optic modulator to modulate the measurement light according to the pulse modulation signal to obtain a measurement pulse light; Calculate the average decibel of the sound signal within a preset time period, and determine whether the average decibel is greater than a preset interference threshold; When the average decibel is greater than the interference threshold, calculating a reverse signal of the sound signal, and driving a pre-constructed piezoelectric driver according to the reverse signal to vibrate the pre-constructed detection optical fiber; When the average decibel is less than or equal to the interference threshold, the measuring pulse light is introduced into the detection optical fiber, and the back-directed Rayleigh signal generated by the measuring pulse light in the detection optical fiber is derived by using a pre-built circulator to obtain a back-directed Rayleigh signal that is resistant to ambient sound; Performing guided edge filtering detection on the anti-ambient sound back-direction Rayleigh signal to obtain a filtered back-direction Rayleigh signal; Using a pre-built coupler, coupling the filtered back Rayleigh signal and the reference light to obtain a coupled signal, and using a pre-built balanced detector to convert the coupled signal into an electrical signal; Using a pre-built IQ demodulator, the electrical signal is demodulated according to a preset local reference signal to obtain an I-path signal and a Q-path signal, and using a pre-built host computer, the vibration frequency signal at the key position of the vehicle is calculated according to the I-path signal and the Q-path signal; The pre-trained vehicle condition assessment model is used to perform correlation identification on the vibration frequency signals at each key position of the vehicle based on the fault vibration characteristics to obtain the vehicle health status.

[0079] Specifically, the specific implementation method of the processor 10 for the above instructions can refer to Figures 1 to 3 The description of the relevant steps in the corresponding embodiments will not be repeated here.

[0080] Furthermore, if the module / unit integrated in the electronic device 1 is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium can be volatile or non-volatile. For example, the computer-readable medium can include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, a recording medium, a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a computer memory, and a read-only memory (ROM).

[0081] The present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor of an electronic device, the computer program can implement: Acquiring sound signals by using sound sensors at preset key positions of the vehicle, and acquiring reference light and measuring light by using laser emitters and spectrometers at the key positions of the vehicle; Acquire a pulse modulation signal of a preset intensity, and use a pre-built acousto-optic modulator to modulate the measurement light according to the pulse modulation signal to obtain a measurement pulse light; Calculate the average decibel of the sound signal within a preset time period, and determine whether the average decibel is greater than a preset interference threshold; When the average decibel is greater than the interference threshold, calculating a reverse signal of the sound signal, and driving a pre-constructed piezoelectric driver according to the reverse signal to vibrate the pre-constructed detection optical fiber; When the average decibel is less than or equal to the interference threshold, the measuring pulse light is introduced into the detection optical fiber, and the back-directed Rayleigh signal generated by the measuring pulse light in the detection optical fiber is derived by using a pre-built circulator to obtain a back-directed Rayleigh signal that is resistant to ambient sound; Performing guided edge filtering detection on the anti-ambient sound back-direction Rayleigh signal to obtain a filtered back-direction Rayleigh signal; Using a pre-built coupler, coupling the filtered back Rayleigh signal and the reference light to obtain a coupled signal, and using a pre-built balanced detector to convert the coupled signal into an electrical signal; Using a pre-built IQ demodulator, the electrical signal is demodulated according to a preset local reference signal to obtain an I-path signal and a Q-path signal, and using a pre-built host computer, the vibration frequency signal at the key position of the vehicle is calculated according to the I-path signal and the Q-path signal; The pre-trained vehicle condition assessment model is used to perform correlation identification on the vibration frequency signals at each key position of the vehicle based on the fault vibration characteristics to obtain the vehicle health status.

[0082] In the several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed devices, systems and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the system embodiments described above are only illustrative, and actual implementation may have other division methods.

[0083] The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as modules may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0084] In addition, each functional module in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional modules.

[0085] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention.

[0086] In addition, it is clear that the word "comprising" does not exclude other units or steps, and the singular does not exclude the plural. Multiple units or devices stated in the system claim can also be implemented by one unit or device through software or hardware. The second and other words are used to indicate names, but not to indicate any particular order.

[0087] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A locomotive vibration performance evaluation method based on locomotive value traceability, characterized in that: The method comprises: Acquiring sound signals by using sound sensors at preset key positions of the vehicle, and acquiring reference light and measuring light by using laser emitters and spectrometers at the key positions of the vehicle; Acquire a pulse modulation signal of a preset intensity, and use a pre-built acousto-optic modulator to modulate the measurement light according to the pulse modulation signal to obtain a measurement pulse light; Calculate the average decibel of the sound signal within a preset time period, and determine whether the average decibel is greater than a preset interference threshold; When the average decibel is greater than the interference threshold, calculating a reverse signal of the sound signal, and driving a pre-constructed piezoelectric driver according to the reverse signal to vibrate the pre-constructed detection optical fiber; When the average decibel is less than or equal to the interference threshold, the measuring pulse light is introduced into the detection optical fiber, and the back-directed Rayleigh signal generated by the measuring pulse light in the detection optical fiber is derived by using a pre-built circulator to obtain a back-directed Rayleigh signal that is resistant to ambient sound; Performing guided edge filtering detection on the anti-ambient sound back-direction Rayleigh signal to obtain a filtered back-direction Rayleigh signal; Using a pre-built coupler, coupling the filtered back Rayleigh signal and the reference light to obtain a coupled signal, and using a pre-built balanced detector to convert the coupled signal into an electrical signal; Using a pre-built IQ demodulator, the electrical signal is demodulated according to a preset local reference signal to obtain an I-path signal and a Q-path signal, and using a pre-built host computer, the vibration frequency signal at the key position of the vehicle is calculated according to the I-path signal and the Q-path signal; The pre-trained vehicle condition assessment model is used to perform correlation identification on the vibration frequency signals at each key position of the vehicle based on the fault vibration characteristics to obtain the vehicle health status.

2. The locomotive vibration performance evaluation method based on locomotive value traceability according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The laser emitter is an infrared laser emitter with a wavelength greater than 1 mm, and the splitting ratio between the reference light and the measurement light of the spectrometer is 1:

9.

3. The locomotive vibration performance evaluation method based on locomotive value traceability according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The method of using a pre-built acousto-optic modulator to modulate the measurement light according to the pulse modulation signal to obtain the measurement pulse light comprises: Performing radio frequency amplification on the pulse modulation signal to obtain a high-energy modulation signal, wherein the pulse width of the pulse modulation signal is 100 ns; Using a piezoelectric transducer in a pre-built acousto-optic modulator, the high-energy modulation signal is converted into ultrasonic waves; Using the ultrasonic wave, the refractive index of the medium in the acousto-optic modulator is changed, and according to the medium after the refractive index change, the measuring light is modulated into a primary measuring pulse light; The primary measuring pulse light is configured with a preset frequency shift of 200 MHz to obtain a measuring pulse light.

4. The locomotive vibration performance evaluation method based on locomotive value traceability according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The step of calculating a reverse signal of the sound signal and driving a pre-built piezoelectric driver according to the reverse signal to vibrate the pre-built detection optical fiber comprises: Amplifying and filtering the sound signal to obtain a noise reduction signal, and digitally converting the noise reduction signal to obtain a digital signal; Analyzing the spectrum characteristics of the digital signal by Fourier transform to obtain the main frequency of the signal, and performing an inverse operation on the main frequency of the signal to obtain a cancellation main frequency; The pre-built sensing fiber is vibrated according to the offset primary frequency using a piezoelectric actuator.

5. The locomotive vibration performance evaluation method based on locomotive value traceability according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The step of performing guided edge filtering detection on the anti-ambient sound back-direction Rayleigh signal to obtain a filtered back-direction Rayleigh signal includes: According to the length of the detection optical fiber and the preset time signal, a time-space two-dimensional space matrix is ​​constructed, wherein each row in the time-space two-dimensional space matrix represents the amplitude of the anti-ambient sound back-Rayleigh signal generated by the measurement pulse light, and each column represents the signal intensity at the same optical fiber position at different times; The space-time two-dimensional space matrix is ​​configured as a two-dimensional function, and the two-dimensional function is expressed as: ； In the formula, Indicates The center window, Represents the two-dimensional space matrix of space-time A sampling point within the range, Indicates that the two-dimensional function is The output result of the sampling point is Indicates that the anti-ambient sound back-to-back Rayleigh signal is The value at the sampling point, and Indicates that when the window center is at Fixed coefficient of time; The gradient of the two-dimensional function is calculated to obtain the gradient formula: ； In the formula, represents the gradient operator, represents the two-dimensional function, represents a fixed parameter, It means the anti-ambient sound back Rayleigh signal; According to the gradient formula, determining that when the anti-ambient sound back-Rayleigh signal has an edge gradient, the output result of the two-dimensional function has a similar edge gradient; To calculate the fixed coefficient and , according to the linear representation of the two-dimensional function, construct a cost function that minimizes the difference between the output result and the anti-ambient sound back-Rayleigh signal, wherein the cost function is expressed as: ； In the formula, Indicates calculation of fixed parameters The cost function of is the regularization parameter, avoiding Too big, The two-dimensional function is expressed as The expected signal at the sampling point; Minimize the cost function and get the fixed coefficient and : ； In the formula, Indicates the window The amount of data in and The anti-ambient sound back Rayleigh signal In the window The mean and variance of Indicates expected signal In the window The mean value in ; According to the fixed coefficient and , calculate the two-dimensional function to obtain a smooth two-dimensional function that preserves edge information: ； in, ； In the formula, Display Window Each within the range Fixed coefficient at sampling point The average value of Display Window Each within the range Fixed coefficient at sampling point The average value of The pre-constructed Sobel operator is used to perform a convolution operation on the smooth two-dimensional function to obtain the gradient of the smooth two-dimensional function in the horizontal direction, and the edge information of the anti-ambient sound back-Rayleigh signal is obtained according to the gradient, wherein the longitudinal template in the Sobel operator is expressed as: ； In the formula, Represents the 4×4 vertical template in the Sobel operator; The length of the detection optical fiber is set to n, and the signal of the detection optical fiber is collected according to a preset distance collection standard to obtain edge information of n anti-ambient sound back-Rayleigh signals, and the edge information of the n anti-ambient sound back-Rayleigh signals is differentially calculated according to the amplitude difference method to obtain a filtered back-Rayleigh signal.

6. The locomotive vibration performance evaluation method based on locomotive value traceability according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The coupler is a 50:50 beam splitter.

7. The locomotive vibration performance evaluation method based on locomotive value traceability according to claim 6 is characterized in that: Before demodulating the electrical signal using the pre-built IQ demodulator according to a preset local reference signal, the method further includes: amplifying the electrical signal to obtain an amplified electrical signal; filtering the amplified electrical signal to obtain a filtered electrical signal; The filtered electrical signal is sent to a pre-built IQ demodulator.

8. The locomotive vibration performance evaluation method based on locomotive value traceability according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The method of using a pre-built IQ demodulator to demodulate the electrical signal according to a preset local reference signal to obtain an I-path signal and a Q-path signal includes: Generate a local reference signal using a local oscillator in a pre-built IQ demodulator, wherein the local reference signal has the same frequency as the electrical signal but has a different phase or amplitude; Mixing the local reference signal and the electrical signal to obtain a mixed signal; Calculate the difference between the electrical signal and the in-phase component of the local reference signal according to the mixing signal to obtain an I-channel signal; The difference between the electric signal and the orthogonal component of the local reference signal is calculated according to the mixing signal to obtain a Q-path signal.

9. The locomotive vibration performance evaluation method based on locomotive value traceability according to claim 8, characterized in that: The pre-trained vehicle condition assessment model is used to perform correlation identification based on fault vibration characteristics on the vibration frequency signals at each key position of the vehicle to obtain the vehicle health status, including: Using a pre-trained vehicle condition assessment model, a feature extraction operation is performed on the vibration frequency signal at each key position of the vehicle to obtain a feature vector; Performing an outlier value extraction operation on the feature vector to obtain an abnormal feature vector; Using a pre-built anomaly database, clustering the anomaly feature vectors to obtain clustering scores for each anomaly type, and extracting anomaly types whose clustering scores are greater than a preset warning threshold; The abnormal types at key positions of each vehicle are uniformly output to obtain the vehicle health status.

10. A locomotive vibration performance evaluation system based on locomotive value traceability, characterized in that: The system comprises: A data capture module is used to obtain a sound signal by using a sound sensor at a preset key position of the vehicle, and to obtain a reference light and a measuring light by using a laser emitter and a spectrometer at the key position of the vehicle, and to obtain a pulse modulation signal of a preset intensity, and to modulate the measuring light according to the pulse modulation signal by using a pre-built acousto-optic modulator to obtain a measuring pulse light; A sound vibration cancellation module, used for calculating the average decibel of the sound signal within a preset time period, determining whether the average decibel is greater than a preset interference threshold, and when the average decibel is greater than the interference threshold, calculating a reverse signal of the sound signal, and driving a pre-constructed piezoelectric driver according to the reverse signal to vibrate the pre-constructed detection optical fiber; A vibration signal acquisition module, for when the average decibel is less than or equal to the interference threshold, introducing the measurement pulse light into the detection optical fiber, using a pre-constructed circulator, deriving the back Rayleigh signal generated by the measurement pulse light in the detection optical fiber to obtain an anti-ambient sound back Rayleigh signal, and performing guided edge filtering detection on the anti-ambient sound back Rayleigh signal to obtain a filtered back Rayleigh signal, and using a pre-constructed coupler, coupling the filtered back Rayleigh signal and the reference light to obtain a coupled signal, and using a pre-constructed balanced detector to convert the coupled signal into an electrical signal, and using a pre-constructed IQ demodulator, demodulating the electrical signal according to a preset local reference signal to obtain an I-path signal and a Q-path signal, and using a pre-constructed host computer, according to the I-path signal and the Q-path signal, calculating the vibration frequency signal at the key position of the vehicle; The vehicle vibration performance evaluation module is used to use a pre-trained vehicle condition evaluation model to perform correlation identification on the vibration frequency signals at each key position of the vehicle based on the fault vibration characteristics to obtain the vehicle health status.

Images