Dynamic and static load fault rock burst simulation test equipment

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By designing a test equipment for impact ground pressure simulation of dynamic and static load faults, using force transmission lever and weight device to simulate the impact of different stresses on faults, and combining vibrators and force transmission columns to simulate dynamic and static loads, the problem that existing devices cannot effectively simulate fault impact ground pressure, and a comprehensive study and creep experiment on fault type impact ground pressure are achieved.

CN119880660APending Publication Date: 2025-04-25LIAONING UNIVERSITY

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Patent Information

Application Number: CN202510119931.1
Authority / Receiving Office: CN · China
Patent Type: Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date: 2025-01-25
Publication Date: 2025-04-25

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

The existing fault staggering experimental device cannot effectively simulate the impact of test pieces of different types of faults, different sizes and materials on the fault staggering rock formation, and cannot simultaneously study the impact of dynamic and static load impact on faults and creep experiments.

Method used

A test equipment for ground pressure simulation of dynamic and static load fault shock is designed. By setting up first-stage, second-stage and tertiary force transmission levers, combined with weight devices, vibrators and force transmission columns, it can simulate the impact of different vertical and horizontal stresses on ground pressure of fault shock, and simulate dynamic and static loads, and at the same time have the ability to conduct creep experiments.

Benefits of technology

This equipment can effectively simulate the impact of different types of faults on impact ground pressure, study the impact of dynamic and static load on faults, and conduct creep experiments, filling the shortcomings of existing devices, and is of great significance to studying the mechanical failure mechanism of fault-type impact ground pressure mines and preventing fault-type impact ground pressure mine disasters.

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Abstract

The invention relates to dynamic and static load fault rock burst simulation test equipment which is structurally characterized in that a support is arranged on a base, and force transmission levers connected end to end are sequentially arranged on the support from top to bottom; a vertical force transmission column is hinged to the force output end of the third-stage force transmission lever; a lifting rod in the weight device is hinged to the force input end of the first-stage force transmission lever, a vibrator is arranged at the lower end of the weight device, and the bottom of the vibrator is connected with an electromagnet; a lower disc and an upper disc are sequentially arranged on the upper surface of the cushion block; the force transmission column applies the impact force of the weight device to the surface of the upper disc through the force transmission levers at all levels. The test equipment can be used for researching the influence of different types of faults, test pieces with different sizes and similar simulation test pieces made of different materials on fault rock burst rock stratum dislocation, and the device also can be used for researching the influence of dynamic and static load impact on the faults and carrying out a creep experiment.

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Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a dynamic and static load fault rock burst simulation test device, belonging to the technical field of dynamic and static load fault rock burst mine simulation. Background Art

[0002] Rock burst is a series of dynamic phenomena in which coal and rock masses gathered around mine tunnels and mining areas suddenly throw out rock masses and release harmful gases, accompanied by the instantaneous release of huge energy. As one of the main disasters in coal mines, rock burst has great potential danger and strong suddenness. The danger of rock burst will be significantly enhanced when encountering complex geological conditions such as faults. The existence of faults aggravates the uneven distribution of elastic energy of the two coal and rock masses. Once the working face mining causes relative sliding or other forms of instability of the fault, the stress wave generated by the activation of the fault can further cause instability and destruction of the coal and rock mass, thereby inducing rock burst. Therefore, studying the influence of faults on the working face mining process provides a reference for the assessment of the risk of rock burst in the coal mining process, and can effectively prevent and reduce the occurrence of rock burst. However, the occurrence of rock burst cannot usually be simulated through field experiments and laboratory experiments. Therefore, the use of models to study fault-type rock burst is the most effective method. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a dynamic and static load fault impact rock pressure simulation test equipment, which can study the influence of different types of faults, specimens of different sizes and similar simulation specimens of different materials on the fault impact rock pressure strata dislocation. The device also studies the influence of dynamic and static load impact on faults and creep experiments.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the specific technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a dynamic and static load fault impact ground pressure simulation test equipment, a bracket is provided on the base, and a first-level force transmission lever, a second-level force transmission lever and a third-level force transmission lever are arranged on the bracket from top to bottom in sequence; in each force transmission lever, the force arm of the force input end is greater than the force arm of the force output end, and the force input end of the second-level force transmission lever is hinged to the force output end of the first-level force transmission lever through a connecting rod, and the force output end of the second-level force transmission lever is hinged to the force input end of the third-level force transmission lever through a connecting rod; a vertical force transmission column is hinged at the force output end of the third-level force transmission lever; a lifting rod inside a weight device is hinged at the force input end of the first-level force transmission lever, a vibrator is provided at the lower end of the weight device, and the bottom of the vibrator is connected to an electromagnet; a pad is provided on the base, and a lower plate and an upper plate are arranged on the upper surface of the pad in sequence; the force transmission column applies the impact force of the weight device to the surface of the upper plate through each level of force transmission levers.

[0005] The bottom of the cushion block is connected to the base through a ball row.

[0006] A horizontal lead screw is threadedly connected to the right end of the base through a positioning frame, one end of the lead screw is connected to a hand wheel, and the other end is in contact with the right end surface of the upper plate.

[0007] A horizontal oil cylinder is positioned and connected on the left side of the base, and a piston rod of the horizontal oil cylinder contacts the left end surface of the lower plate.

[0008] A through hole is arranged at the center of the horizontal oil cylinder, and an impact rod is arranged in the through hole; a motor is arranged at the left end of the bracket, and the output shaft of the motor is connected to a pendulum, and the height of the pendulum corresponds to the left side position of the impact rod.

[0009] An impact sensor is arranged at the front end of the impact rod, an acceleration sensor is arranged on the right side of the lower plate, and the acceleration sensor is positioned on the base.

[0010] The fulcrum of the three-stage force transmission lever is located at the left end and is hinged to the bracket; the force transmission column is close to the fulcrum.

[0011] A vertical oil cylinder is arranged parallel to the left side of the force transmission column.

[0012] A displacement sensor is arranged on the third-stage force transmission lever.

[0013] A counterweight block is arranged at the left end of the first-level force transmission lever.

[0014] The dynamic and static load fault rock burst simulation test equipment of the present application adopts the above structure, which can simulate the influence of different vertical stress and horizontal stress changes on fault rock burst. On this basis, it can also simulate the influence of dynamic load and static load on fault rock burst, and creep experiment can be carried out by slightly changing the device model. The single situation of the existing fault dislocation test device is solved, so the present invention is of great significance for studying the mechanical destruction mechanism of fault-type rock burst mines and preventing the occurrence of fault-type rock burst mine disasters. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is the main view of the dynamic and static load fault impact rock pressure simulation test equipment.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the position relationship between the pad and ball row and the upper and lower plates.

[0017] Figure 3 This is the position relationship diagram of the horizontal cylinder and the impact rod.

[0018] Among them: 1. base, 2. bracket, 3. electromagnet, 4. vibrator, 5. primary force transmission lever, 6. secondary force transmission lever, 7. tertiary force transmission lever, 8. force transmission column, 9. upper plate, 10. weight device, 11. horizontal cylinder, 12. impact rod, 13. pendulum, 14. motor, 15. lower plate, 16. lead screw, 17. spacer, 18. ball row, 19. displacement sensor, 20. impact sensor, 21. acceleration sensor, 22. vertical cylinder, 23. counterweight. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to enable technical personnel to understand the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the invention more clearly, the invention is now further described in detail in combination with actual conditions.

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, a dynamic and static load fault impact rock pressure simulation test equipment is provided, wherein a bracket 2 is provided on a base 1, and a primary force transmission lever 5, a secondary force transmission lever 6 and a tertiary force transmission lever 7 are provided on the bracket 2 in order from top to bottom; in each force transmission lever, the force arm of the force input end is greater than the force arm of the force output end, and the force input end of the secondary force transmission lever 6 is hinged to the force output end of the primary force transmission lever 5 through a connecting rod, and the force output end of the secondary force transmission lever 6 is hinged to the force input end of the tertiary force transmission lever 7 through a connecting rod; in the tertiary force transmission lever The force output end of the rod 7 is hinged to the vertical force transmission column 8; the lifting rod inside the weight device 10 is hinged to the force input end of the first-level force transmission lever 5, and the lower end of the weight device 10 is provided with a vibrator 4, and the bottom of the vibrator 4 is connected to the electromagnet 3; during the experiment, different types of rock burst can be simulated by the frequency of the vibrator, and the frequency range of the vibrator is 1-18HZ, the fault-type rock burst is 1-5HZ, the roof storage-type rock burst is 3-18HZ, and the coal body storage-type rock burst is 12-18HZ. A cushion block 17 is provided on the base 1, and the upper surface of the cushion block 17 is sequentially provided with a lower plate 15 and an upper plate 9; the force transmission column 8 applies the impact force of the weight device 10 to the surface of the upper plate 9 through various levels of force transmission levers. The weights are used to apply vertical normal stress to the upper plate of the specimen, and the force of the weights is then transmitted through the force transmission lever. The weights are increased or decreased according to the experimental requirements. At this time, a vertical static load is applied. If the rod on the weights is controlled to move up and down by an electromagnet, the weights and the rods passing through the weights are vibrated. At this time, the weights will be embedded in the specifically matched slots below them, and the force is then transmitted through the force transmission lever. In this case, a vertical dynamic load is applied. The more weights are used, the greater the vertical stress on the upper plate of the specimen will be, thereby achieving various sizes of vertical normal stress required for the experiment.

[0021] A counterweight block 23 is provided at the left end of the primary force transmission lever 5 to reduce the error caused by the deadweight of the lever.

[0022] like Figure 2As shown, the lower part of the cushion block 17 is connected to the base 1 through a ball row 18. The lower plate of the specimen, the cushion block and the ball row are connected and integrated. The ball row 18 can reduce the friction force during the displacement of the lower plate, and can ensure that the upper plate is fixed when the fault is displaced, and the lower plate is displaced to simulate the impact displacement of the fault. During the displacement of the experiment, the lower plate and the ball row move together, and the upper plate 9 is kept fixed by the lead screw 16 so that it will not be displaced.

[0023] The right end of the base 1 is threadedly connected to a horizontal lead screw 16 through a positioning frame. One end of the lead screw 16 is connected to a hand wheel, and the other end contacts the right end surface of the upper plate 9. The left side of the base 1 is positioned and connected to a horizontal cylinder 11, and the piston rod of the horizontal cylinder 11 contacts the left end surface of the lower plate 15. Figure 3 As shown, the center of the horizontal oil cylinder 11 is provided with a through hole, and an impact rod 12 is provided in the through hole; a motor 14 is provided at the left end of the bracket 2, and the output shaft of the motor 14 is connected to the pendulum 13, and the height of the pendulum corresponds to the left position of the impact rod 12. An impact sensor 20 is provided at the front end of the impact rod 12, and an acceleration sensor 21 is provided on the right side of the lower plate 15, and the acceleration sensor 21 is positioned on the base 1. The horizontal oil cylinder 11 acts on the lower plate to provide shear stress for the lower plate. When static shear stress is to be applied to the lower plate of the specimen, it is only necessary to directly control the oil cylinder to apply static shear force to the lower plate; when dynamic shear force is to be applied to the lower plate, the impact rod 12 in the horizontal oil cylinder 11 is controlled to extend out of the horizontal oil cylinder 11, and when the pendulum 13 is connected through the motor 14, the shear force required for the experiment is controlled by a computer to drive the pendulum to move, so as to achieve a one-time dynamic impact.

[0024] The fulcrum of the three-stage force transmission lever 7 is located at the left end and is hinged with the bracket 2; the force transmission column 8 is close to the fulcrum position, thereby increasing the length of the force arm, and a vertical oil cylinder 22 is arranged in parallel on the left side of the force transmission column 8, which can apply pressure to the upper plate at the same time as the force transmission column. The vertical positive stress can form a 32-fold force transmission lever through a first-stage force transmission lever with a 4-fold amplification effect, a second-stage force transmission lever with a 2-fold amplification effect, and a third-stage force transmission lever with a 4-fold amplification effect. The positive stress in the vertical direction is applied to the upper plate of the specimen through the force transmission column. When the specimen used for the upper plate is too long and only the force transmission column is used to apply the positive stress, it will cause uneven force on the upper plate. At this time, the vertical oil cylinder 10 can be used to act on the upper plate of the specimen at the same time to ensure that the force on the upper plate is uniform and eliminate errors.

[0025] During the dislocation process, displacement changes and acceleration changes will occur, and impact energy will also be generated, and its data can be directly monitored and obtained through the displacement sensor 19, the acceleration sensor 21 and the impact sensor 20.

[0026] The creep test cycle is long, usually more than 30 days, and requires a long stable load. When doing a creep test, just remove the upper plate 9, the lower plate 15, the pad 17 and the ball row 18, and install the creep test device. Similarly, the weight can provide the creep test with the required long-term and stable vertical stress.

[0027] Finally, it should be noted that the above implementation cases are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned experimental cases, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned experiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the various implementation technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dynamic and static load fault rock burst simulation test equipment, characterized in that: A bracket (2) is provided on the base (1), and a first-stage force transmission lever (5), a second-stage force transmission lever (6) and a third-stage force transmission lever (7) are arranged on the bracket (2) in order from top to bottom; in each force transmission lever, the force arm of the force input end is greater than the force arm of the force output end, and the force input end of the second-stage force transmission lever (6) is hinged to the force output end of the first-stage force transmission lever (5) through a connecting rod, and the force output end of the second-stage force transmission lever (6) is hinged to the force input end of the third-stage force transmission lever (7) through a connecting rod; in the third-stage force transmission lever (7), The force output end of the first force transmission lever (5) is hinged to a vertical force transmission column (8); the lifting rod inside the weight device (10) is hinged to the force input end of the first force transmission lever (5); a vibrator (4) is provided at the lower end of the weight device (10); the bottom of the vibrator (4) is connected to an electromagnet (3); a cushion block (17) is provided on the base (1), and a lower plate (15) and an upper plate (9) are sequentially arranged on the upper surface of the cushion block (17); the force transmission column (8) applies the impact force of the weight device (10) to the surface of the upper plate (9) through the force transmission levers of each level.

2. The dynamic and static load fault rock burst simulation test equipment according to claim 1 is characterized by: The bottom of the cushion block (17) is connected to the base (1) via a ball row (18).

3. The dynamic and static load fault rock burst simulation test equipment according to claim 2 is characterized by: A horizontal lead screw (16) is threadedly connected to the right end of the base (1) through a positioning frame, one end of the lead screw (16) is connected to a hand wheel, and the other end is in contact with the right end surface of the upper plate (9).

4. The dynamic and static load fault rock burst simulation test equipment according to claim 2 is characterized by: A horizontal oil cylinder (11) is positioned and connected to the left side of the base (1), and a piston rod of the horizontal oil cylinder (11) contacts the left end surface of the lower plate (15).

5. The dynamic and static load fault rock burst simulation test equipment according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A through hole is provided at the center of the horizontal oil cylinder (11), and an impact rod (12) is provided in the through hole; a motor (14) is provided at the left end of the bracket (2), and an output shaft of the motor (14) is connected to a pendulum (13), and the height of the pendulum corresponds to the left side position of the impact rod (12).

6. The dynamic and static load fault rock burst simulation test equipment according to claim 5 is characterized by: An impact sensor (20) is provided at the front end of the impact rod (12), an acceleration sensor (21) is provided on the right side of the lower plate (15), and the acceleration sensor (21) is positioned on the base (1).

7. The dynamic and static load fault rock burst simulation test equipment according to claim 1 is characterized by: The fulcrum of the three-stage force transmission lever (7) is located at the left end and is hinged to the bracket (2); the force transmission column (8) is close to the fulcrum.

8. The dynamic and static load fault rock burst simulation test equipment according to claim 7 is characterized by: A vertical oil cylinder (22) is arranged parallel to the left side of the force transmission column (8).

9. The dynamic and static load fault rock burst simulation test equipment according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: A displacement sensor (19) is provided on the third-stage force transmission lever (7).

10. The dynamic and static load fault rock burst simulation test equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A counterweight block (23) is provided at the left end of the primary force transmission lever (5).