Device for detecting activity of microorganisms in soil in different layers

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of biological detection, and discloses a different-layer soil microbial activity detection device which comprises a main machine and a gas chamber, the gas chamber is internally provided with an insertion type detection structure, the insertion type detection structure comprises a blocking cylinder slidably connected to the interior of the gas chamber, the blocking cylinder is internally and fixedly provided with a central separation cylinder, and the bottom end of the central separation cylinder is in threaded connection with a conical blocking piece for guiding flow of soil; a moving disc is vertically and movably connected into the blocking barrel, a connecting pipe is embedded in the top end of the moving disc, one end of the connecting pipe is connected with the main machine, and a scraper is rotationally connected to the bottom end of the moving disc. By scraping the surface layer of the soil, the activity of the soil at different depths can be detected, so that the activity condition of microorganisms in the soil at different depths can be known more accurately, the distribution rule of the activity of the microorganisms in the soil in the vertical direction can be disclosed, and more accurate data support is provided for soil ecological research.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of biological detection, and in particular relates to a device for detecting the activity of soil microorganisms in different layers. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of agricultural production, the health of soil is becoming more and more important in agricultural production. Microorganisms are the drivers of soil material circulation and energy flow, and are also the most sensitive indicators of soil health. In order to evaluate the activity of soil microorganisms, people usually use some traditional soil testing equipment, such as soil respiration monitors. The working principle of soil respiration monitors is based on the carbon dioxide produced by soil respiration. Through a closed soil respiration chamber, the instrument can monitor the changes in CO2 concentration and temperature and humidity, so as to accurately calculate the soil respiration rate. The specific steps are as follows: Cover the soil respiration chamber on the pre-buried breathing ring to form a closed environment. The built-in CO2 infrared gas analyzer (IRGA) in the breathing chamber monitors the changes in CO2 concentration in real time. By measuring the difference in CO2 concentration changes over a period of time, the soil respiration rate is calculated, thereby obtaining the method of microbial activity;

[0003] However, when using the microbial respiration method to detect microbial activity, the soil surface cannot be separated from other parts during the detection process, which makes it difficult to detect microbial activity inside soils of different thicknesses, which in turn causes certain limitations in the actual application of the device. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims at the problem that when the microbial respiration method is used to detect microbial activity in the prior art, the soil surface layer cannot be separated from other parts in the detection process, which makes it difficult to detect microbial activity inside soils of different thicknesses, thereby causing certain limitations in the actual application of the device. The present invention proposes the following technical solutions:

[0005] A device for detecting soil microbial activity in different layers comprises a main unit and a gas chamber; an insertable detection structure is installed inside the gas chamber, the insertable detection structure comprises a barrier cylinder slidably connected to the inside of the gas chamber, a central separation cylinder is fixedly installed inside the barrier cylinder, a conical barrier member with soil diversion function is threadedly connected to the bottom end of the central separation cylinder, a movable disk is movably connected up and down inside the barrier cylinder, a connecting pipe is embedded in the top of the movable disk and one end of the connecting pipe is connected to the main unit, and a scraper is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the movable disk.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, a screw rod is connected to the inside of the movable disk through a thread, and a driving structure is installed on the outside of the screw rod and located inside the movable disk, and the driving structure is fixedly connected to the top of the scraper.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the driving structure includes a driving gear fixedly mounted on the outside of the screw rod, the outer side of the driving gear is meshedly connected with a driven gear and the driven gear is rotatably connected to the inside of the movable disk, the outer side of the driven gear is meshedly connected with a gear ring, the gear ring is rotatably connected to the inside of the movable disk, and the bottom end of the gear ring is fixedly connected to the top end of the scraper.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, limiting grooves are symmetrically provided on both sides of the central dividing cylinder, the movable plate is slidably connected to the inside of the central dividing cylinder through the limiting grooves, and the inner wall of the gear ring and the outer side of the central dividing cylinder are fitted together.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the screw rod and the barrier cylinder are rotationally connected, and a belt connection structure is installed on the outer top end of the screw rod. The belt connection structure is composed of two outer serrated pulleys and an inner serrated belt, one of the outer serrated pulleys and the screw rod is fixedly connected, and the other outer serrated pulley and the barrier cylinder are rotationally connected, and the inner serrated belt is sleeved on the outer sides of the two outer serrated pulleys.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, an outer air guide cover is fixedly installed on the bottom end of the inner wall of the central dividing tube, an inner air guide cover is fixedly installed inside the outer air guide cover, and a combination ring is movably connected up and down between the inner air guide cover and the outer air guide cover.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, a spring rod is symmetrically embedded and installed at the top of the combination ring, and the fixed end of the spring rod is fixedly installed inside the inner air guide cover.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, a lifting plate is fixedly installed in the middle of the top of the combination ring, a column is connected to the outside of the lifting plate, a rotating plate is fixedly installed between the tops of multiple columns, and the rotating plate is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the screw rod.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, a spherical ball is embedded and installed at the bottom end of the column, and a plurality of guide grooves are equidistantly provided on the outer surface of the lifting plate.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] (1) By scraping off the soil surface, the activity of soil at different depths can be tested, so as to more accurately understand the activity of microorganisms in the soil at different depths. This helps to reveal the distribution pattern of soil microbial activity in the vertical direction and provide more accurate data support for soil ecological research;

[0016] (2) By accurately measuring the microbial activity of soil at different depths, we can better understand the dynamic changes of soil carbon pools, provide important basis for studying soil carbon cycle, and monitor the changes of soil microbial activity in real time, providing strong support for studying the dynamic changes of soil ecosystems;

[0017] (3) It ensures that the soil can accurately enter the central dividing tube, avoiding the mixing of the gas generated during the respiration of microorganisms inside the soil with other gases to be detected, and can effectively prevent the gas generated during the respiration of microorganisms inside the soil after scraping from interfering with the gas to be detected, thereby ensuring the reliability of the test results and improving the accuracy of the test. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 The structure diagram of a device for detecting soil microbial activity in different layers in Example 1 is shown;

[0019] Figure 2 The bottom view of a device for detecting soil microbial activity in different layers in Example 1 is shown;

[0020] Figure 3 What is shown is a schematic diagram of the structure of the plug-in detection structure in Example 1;

[0021] Figure 4 Shown is a cross-sectional view of an insertion-type detection structure;

[0022] Figure 5 It shows Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle A area;

[0023] Figure 6 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the conical barrier in Example 1;

[0024] Figure 7 It shows Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle B area;

[0025] Figure 8 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the screw rod in Example 1;

[0026] Fig. 9 It shows Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle C region.

[0027] In the figure: 1. main engine; 2. gas chamber; 3. plug-in detection structure; 31. barrier cylinder; 32. screw rod; 33. moving disk; 34. connecting pipe; 35. driving gear; 36. driven gear; 37. gear ring; 38. scraper; 39. central separation cylinder; 310. conical barrier; 311. outer guide cover; 312. inner guide cover; 313. rotating disk; 314. column; 315. lifting disk; 316. combination ring; 317. spring rod; 318. belt connection structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0029] Embodiment 1: The present invention provides a device for detecting soil microbial activity in different layers, such as Figures 1 to 9 As shown, it includes: a host 1 and a gas chamber 2; the infrared absorption measurement method is used to detect carbon dioxide inside the host 1, and a high-precision infrared gas analyzer (IRGA) is equipped inside the host 1. The analyzer is directly built into the gas chamber 2, and an efficient gas circulation gas path design is adopted inside the host 1. A data processor and a storage device are arranged inside the host 1. The structure is all prior art and will not be elaborated on here. An insertable detection structure 3 is installed inside the gas chamber 2, and the insertable detection structure 3 includes a barrier cylinder 31 slidably connected to the inside of the gas chamber 2, a central separation cylinder 39 is fixedly installed inside the barrier cylinder 31, and a conical barrier 310 with soil diversion is connected to the bottom of the central separation cylinder 39 through a thread, and a movable disk 33 is movably connected to the barrier cylinder 31 up and down, and a connecting pipe 34 is embedded and installed on the top of the movable disk 33, and one end of the connecting pipe 34 is connected to the host 1, and a scraper 38 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the movable disk 33. The scraper 38 is in the shape of a triangle, and the diameter of the scraper 38 close to the barrier cylinder 31 is larger than the diameter of the other end.

[0030] like Figures 3 to 5As shown, the movable disk 33 is internally connected with a screw rod 32 through a thread, and a driving structure is installed on the outer side of the screw rod 32 inside the movable disk 33, and the driving structure is fixedly connected to the top of the scraper 38. The driving structure includes a driving gear 35 fixedly installed on the outer side of the screw rod 32, and a driven gear 36 is meshedly connected to the outer side of the driving gear 35, and the driven gear 36 is rotatably connected to the inside of the movable disk 33, and a gear ring 37 is meshedly connected to the outer side of the driven gear 36, and the gear ring 37 is rotatably connected to the inside of the movable disk 33, and the bottom end of the gear ring 37 and the top of the scraper 38 are fixedly connected, and limiting grooves are symmetrically provided on both sides of the central dividing cylinder 39, and the limiting grooves are used for limiting the movable disk 33 when moving, so as to prevent the movable disk 33 and the screw rod 32 from rotating synchronously, and the movable disk 33 is slidably connected to the inside of the central dividing cylinder 39 through the limiting grooves, and the inner wall of the gear ring 37 and the outer side of the central dividing cylinder 39 fit each other;

[0031] When the screw rod 32 rotates, it drives the movable plate 33 to rotate along the limiting groove inside the central dividing cylinder 39. At this time, the screw rod 32 synchronously drives the driving gear 35 to rotate. When the driving gear 35 rotates, it drives the gear ring 37 to rotate through the driven gear 36. When the gear ring 37 rotates, it drives the scraper 38 to rotate. Since the movable plate 33 descends, the scraper 38 descends and rotates. The scraper 38 descends and rotates, driving the soil stored between the barrier cylinder 31 and the central dividing cylinder 39 to scrape. At this time, the soil enters the central dividing cylinder 39 along the limiting groove, thereby realizing the detection of microbial activity inside soil of different thicknesses.

[0032] like Figures 3 to 8 As shown, the screw rod 32 and the barrier cylinder 31 are rotatably connected, and a belt connection structure 318 is installed on the outer top of the screw rod 32. The belt connection structure 318 is composed of two outer sawtooth pulleys and an inner sawtooth belt. One of the outer sawtooth pulleys is fixedly connected to the screw rod 32, and the other outer sawtooth pulley is rotatably connected to the barrier cylinder 31. The inner sawtooth belt is sleeved on the outer sides of the two outer sawtooth pulleys.

[0033] Since the screw rod 32 is located at the top of the barrier cylinder 31 , it is not convenient to rotate the screw rod 32 at this time. Therefore, a belt connection structure 318 is designed. The belt connection structure 318 can be pulled to facilitate the rotation of the screw rod 32, thereby changing the difficulty of rotating the screw rod 32 .

[0034] like Figures 7 to 9As shown, an outer air guide cover 311 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the inner wall of the central dividing cylinder 39, an inner air guide cover 312 is fixedly installed inside the outer air guide cover 311, and a combination ring 316 is movably connected up and down between the inner air guide cover 312 and the outer air guide cover 311, and a spring rod 317 is symmetrically embedded and installed at the top of the combination ring 316, and the fixed end of the spring rod 317 is fixedly installed inside the inner air guide cover 312, and a lifting plate 315 is fixedly installed in the middle of the top of the combination ring 316, and a column 314 is connected to the outside of the lifting plate 315, and a rotating plate 313 is fixedly installed between the tops of multiple columns 314, and the rotating plate 313 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the screw rod 32, and a ball is embedded and installed at the bottom of the column 314, and a plurality of guide grooves are equidistantly provided on the outer surface of the lifting plate 315 for reducing the friction between the column 314 and the lifting plate 315, thereby facilitating the lifting and lowering of the lifting plate 315;

[0035] When the screw rod 32 rotates, it drives the rotating disk 313 to rotate, and when the rotating disk 313 rotates, it drives the column 314 to rotate. When the column 314 rotates, it moves inside the guide groove of the lifting disk 315 through the ball. At this time, the lifting disk 315 is driven to move up and down. When the lifting disk 315 moves up and down, it drives the combination ring 316 to move up and down. When the combination ring 316 moves up and down, it drives the spring rod 317 to stretch, thereby driving the combination ring 316 to descend. At this time, the gap between the inner guide cover 312 and the outer guide cover 311 is opened, so that the soil enters the bottom ends of the inner guide cover 312 and the outer guide cover 311 and is located inside the central dividing cylinder 39, thereby reducing the gas in the respiration process of microorganisms inside the soil after scraping from entering the remaining gases to be detected, thereby further improving the accuracy of detection.

[0036] Working principle: the host 1 is powered on, the host 1 is started, and the instrument is ensured to be in normal working condition. The gas chamber 2 is placed on the surface of the soil to be tested, and it is ensured that the gas chamber 2 is in close contact with the soil surface to form a closed environment. Then the barrier tube 31 is inserted into the soil along the gas chamber 2. During the insertion process, the soil on both sides is squeezed outwards by the action of the conical barrier 310, and is pressed against the inside of the barrier tube 31, so that the soil is mixed and moves along the barrier tube 31 and the outside of the central separation tube 39. Then the microorganisms inside the soil breathe, and the gas generated by the breathing enters the host 1 along the connecting tube 34, and carbon dioxide is detected inside the host 1. The infrared absorption measurement method is used inside the host 1 to detect carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide has an absorption effect on infrared light of a specific wavelength. The concentration of carbon dioxide is determined by measuring the degree of absorption of infrared light by the gas. The carbon dioxide content is usually measured to check the activity of microorganisms, thereby achieving the purpose of detecting the activity of soil microorganisms.

[0037] Next, when the soil surface is scraped off, so as to detect the activity of the soil at different depths, the belt connection structure 318 is used to pull the screw rod 32 to rotate. The rotation of the screw rod 32 drives the movable plate 33 to rotate along the limit groove inside the central separation cylinder 39. At this time, the screw rod 32 synchronously drives the driving gear 35 to rotate. When the driving gear 35 rotates, it drives the gear ring 37 to rotate through the driven gear 36. When the gear ring 37 rotates, it drives the scraper 38 to rotate. Since the movable plate 33 descends, the scraper 38 descends and rotates. The scraper 38 descends and rotates to scrape the soil stored between the barrier cylinder 31 and the central separation cylinder 39. At this time, the soil enters the central separation cylinder 39 along the limit groove. Then, the gas generated by the respiration of microorganisms in the soil at different depths enters the main unit 1 along the connecting pipe 34, and activity detection is performed inside the main unit 1, thereby realizing the detection of the activity of microorganisms in soil of different thicknesses.

[0038] Then, as the screw rod 32 rotates, the rotating disk 313 is driven to rotate, and the rotating disk 313 is driven to rotate, and the column 314 is driven to rotate. When the column 314 rotates, it moves inside the guide groove of the lifting disk 315 through the ball, and the lifting disk 315 is driven to move up and down. When the lifting disk 315 moves up and down, it drives the combination ring 316 to move up and down. When the combination ring 316 moves up and down, it drives the spring rod 317 to stretch, thereby driving the combination ring 316 to descend, and at this time, the gap between the inner guide cover 312 and the outer guide cover 311 is opened, so that the soil enters the bottom ends of the inner guide cover 312 and the outer guide cover 311 and is located at the central separation tube 39 The inner portion of the soil is provided with a plurality of holes, and the inner portion of the soil is provided with a plurality of holes, and the holes are provided with a plurality of holes. The holes are provided with a plurality of holes, and the holes are provided with a plurality of holes. The holes are provided with a plurality of holes, and the holes are provided with a plurality of holes. The holes are provided with a plurality of holes, and the holes are provided with a plurality of holes.

[0039] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit them.

Claims

1. A device for detecting soil microbial activity in different layers, characterized in that: The invention comprises a main unit (1) and a gas chamber (2); an insertable detection structure (3) is installed inside the gas chamber (2); the insertable detection structure (3) comprises a barrier tube (31) slidably connected to the inside of the gas chamber (2); a central partition tube (39) is fixedly installed inside the barrier tube (31); a conical barrier (310) having the function of diverting soil is connected to the bottom end of the central partition tube (39) by means of a thread; a movable disk (33) is movably connected to the inside of the barrier tube (31) in an upper and lower manner; a connecting pipe (34) is embedded and installed at the top end of the movable disk (33); one end of the connecting pipe (34) is connected to the main unit (1); and a scraper (38) is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the movable disk (33).

2. The soil microbial activity detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable disk (33) is internally connected with a screw rod (32) via a thread, and a driving structure is installed outside the screw rod (32) and inside the movable disk (33), and the driving structure is fixedly connected to the top of the scraper (38).

3. The soil microbial activity detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving structure comprises a driving gear (35) fixedly mounted on the outside of the screw rod (32); the driving gear (35) is meshedly connected to the outside of a driven gear (36), and the driven gear (36) is rotatably connected to the inside of a moving disk (33); the driven gear (36) is meshedly connected to the outside of a gear ring (37), and the gear ring (37) is rotatably connected to the inside of the moving disk (33); the bottom end of the gear ring (37) is fixedly connected to the top end of a scraper (38).

4. The soil microbial activity detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central separation cylinder (39) has symmetrically disposed limiting grooves on both sides, the movable plate (33) is slidably connected to the interior of the central separation cylinder (39) via the limiting grooves, and the inner wall of the gear ring (37) and the outer side of the central separation cylinder (39) are in contact with each other.

5. The soil microbial activity detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The screw rod (32) and the barrier cylinder (31) are rotatably connected, and a belt connection structure (318) is installed on the outer top end of the screw rod (32). The belt connection structure (318) is composed of two outer serrated belt pulleys and an inner serrated belt. One of the outer serrated belt pulleys and the screw rod (32) is fixedly connected, and the other outer serrated belt pulley and the barrier cylinder (31) are rotatably connected. The inner serrated belt is sleeved on the outer sides of the two outer serrated belt pulleys.

6. The soil microbial activity detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: An outer air guide cover (311) is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the inner wall of the central dividing cylinder (39), an inner air guide cover (312) is fixedly mounted inside the outer air guide cover (311), and a combination ring (316) is movably connected up and down between the inner air guide cover (312) and the outer air guide cover (311).

7. The soil microbial activity detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A spring rod (317) is symmetrically embedded and installed at the top end of the combination ring (316), and the fixed end of the spring rod (317) is fixedly installed inside the inner air guide cover (312).

8. The soil microbial activity detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A lifting plate (315) is fixedly mounted in the middle of the top of the combination ring (316), a column (314) is connected to the outside of the lifting plate (315), a rotating plate (313) is fixedly mounted between the tops of a plurality of the columns (314), and the rotating plate (313) is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the screw rod (32).

9. The soil microbial activity detection device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A spherical ball is embedded and installed at the bottom end of the upright column (314), and a plurality of guide grooves are equidistantly formed on the outer surface of the lifting plate (315).

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