Active measuring and calculating method for gauge function in small-scale range

Abstract

A method for actively measuring and calculating a gauge function in a small-scale range comprises the following steps: determining a detonation point for explosive blasting in the small-scale range to be monitored, installing shock wave monitoring stations at positions with different distances from the detonation point, and accurately recording the spatial distance between the detonation point and each monitoring station; the method comprises the following steps: actively exciting a vibration waveform through blasting operation, and recording vibration wave signals received by each monitoring station; the monitoring station with the large epicentral distance is used for calculating the magnitude of the blasting event, and a standard gauge function corresponding to the monitoring station in a small-scale range is obtained through back calculation; and through numerical fitting of the gauge function and the epicentral distance, a gauge function calculation formula in a small-scale range is obtained. According to the method, the earthquake magnitude calculation error in the small-scale range is greatly reduced, the accuracy and the reliability of the earthquake magnitude calculation result are improved, the earthquake magnitude calculation requirement in the small-scale range with the epicentral distance smaller than 5km is met, and the reliability and the applicability are high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an active measurement method for a small-scale gauge function, belonging to the technical field of mine engineering safety monitoring. Background Art

[0002] Magnitude is a physical quantity that characterizes the intensity of an earthquake. Generally speaking, the higher the magnitude of an earthquake, the more serious the disaster it causes. Therefore, magnitude has become a key indicator for earthquake emergency response, earthquake rescue, and disaster loss assessment. It is also closely related to research in many fields, including earthquake statistical analysis, seismic wave stress assessment, source physics research, earthquake intensity determination, and research on earthquake precursor phenomena.

[0003] With the development of monitoring technology, real-time monitoring of earthquakes has been increasingly widely used in fields such as coal mines, tunnels, and dams. Through in-depth analysis of (micro) earthquake activities in the region, corresponding measures are taken to prevent disasters that may be induced by earthquake activities. The gauge function specified in the current national standard sets an interval correction value every 5km, but this method does not have good applicability in a small scale range. For example, within the scope of coal mining and production activities, the epicenter distance is often less than 5km, resulting in the existing local magnitude gauge function being unable to meet the magnitude calculation requirements in this small scale range. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a small-scale range gauge function active measurement method, which can meet the magnitude calculation requirements in a small-scale range with an epicenter distance of less than 5 km and has high reliability and strong applicability.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for actively measuring a gauge function in a small scale range, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Determine the detonation point of an explosive blast within the small scale range to be monitored, install shock wave monitoring stations at different distances from the detonation point, and accurately record the spatial distance between the detonation point and each monitoring station;

[0007] S2, actively stimulate vibration waveforms through blasting operations, and record the vibration wave signals received by each monitoring station;

[0008] S3. Use monitoring stations with a larger epicenter distance to calculate the magnitude of the explosion event, and inversely calculate the standard gauge function corresponding to the monitoring stations within a small scale range;

[0009] S4. Through the numerical fitting of the gauge function and the epicenter distance, the calculation formula of the gauge function in the small scale range is obtained.

[0010] Furthermore, the small-scale range of S1 refers to the epicentral distance from the epicenter to the monitoring station within 0-5 km, where the gauge function values ​​corresponding to different epicentral distances are called small-scale gauge functions; the relationship between the gauge function and the epicentral distance is expressed as:

[0011] R(Δ)=aln(Δ)+b;

[0012] Where R(Δ) is the gauge function, Δ is the epicentral distance, and a and b are combination coefficients;

[0013] The shock wave monitoring stations are installed at different distances from the detonation point. The specific arrangement of the monitoring stations is as follows: the monitoring stations are arranged from 300-500m away from the detonation point to a longer distance with equal ratios. The ratio is q=1.5-1.8, ensuring that there are at least 6 monitoring stations within the small-scale range of 0-5km from the epicenter, at least 2 monitoring stations within the range of 5-10km from the epicenter, and at least 1 monitoring station within the range greater than 10km from the epicenter; the spatial distance between the detonation point and each monitoring station, namely the epicenter distance Δ, is obtained by direct measurement or calculation with reference to the coordinate position.

[0014] Furthermore, the shock wave signal generated by the explosives used in the blasting operation in S2 can be clearly recorded by the monitoring station that is arranged at the farthest distance; after receiving the shock wave signal, each monitoring station directly records or converts and calculates the maximum displacement amplitude of the S wave.

[0015] Furthermore, in S3, the magnitude of the explosion event is calculated using the monitoring station with a larger epicenter distance. The specific method is: after calculating the magnitude of each monitoring station, the sum is taken as the average value as the magnitude result of the explosion event. The calculation formula is:

[0016]

[0017] M Li =lgA i +R i (Δ i );

[0018] Where M L is the local magnitude of the earthquake event, M Li The magnitude calculated by the i-th station, n is the number of stations with a distance of at least 5 km from the epicenter, A i is the maximum displacement amplitude of the S wave recorded by the i-th station, Δ i is the epicentral distance of the ith station, R i (Δ i ) is the gauge function corresponding to the i-th station, and its value is based on the gauge function table in the national standard;

[0019] The standard gauge function corresponding to the monitoring station in the small scale range is obtained by back-calculation. The specific method is: using the magnitude M L The formula for back-calculating the gauge function corresponding to the monitoring station within the small scale range is:

[0020] R j (Δ j )=M L -lgA j ;

[0021] In the formula, R j (Δ j ) is the gauge function value corresponding to the jth station among the m stations in the small scale range, A j The maximum displacement amplitude of the S wave recorded for the jth station.

[0022] Furthermore, the numerical fitting of the gauge function in S4 and the epicenter distance refers to obtaining a and b using the linear least squares method, and the specific formula is:

[0023]

[0024] According to the small-scale range gauge function calculation formula R(Δ)=aln(Δ)+b, the gauge function R(Δ) corresponding to the monitoring station with any epicenter distance Δ in the small scale is obtained.

[0025] The present invention utilizes blasting operations and arranges small-scale and long-distance monitoring stations to record vibration waveforms. The monitoring station far from the epicenter first calculates the magnitude according to national standards, then reversely calculates the gauge function value of the small-scale range, and then fits the relationship with the epicenter distance to obtain the gauge function calculation formula within the small-scale range. The present invention solves the problem that the gauge function value is not accurate enough in the local magnitude calculation process within the small-scale range under the current standards. Through the active measurement of the gauge function, the error of the magnitude calculation within the small-scale range is greatly reduced, the accuracy and reliability of the magnitude calculation result are improved, and the magnitude calculation requirements under the small-scale range with an epicenter distance of less than 5km are met, with high reliability and strong applicability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a work flow chart of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic plan view of the blasting location and monitoring station layout of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of fitting the functional expression of the gauge function and the epicenter distance of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for actively measuring a gauge function in a small scale range includes the following steps:

[0031] S1. Determine the detonation point of an explosive blast within the small scale range to be monitored, install shock wave monitoring stations at different distances from the detonation point, and accurately record the spatial distance between the detonation point and each monitoring station;

[0032] S2, actively stimulate vibration waveforms through blasting operations, and record the vibration wave signals received by each monitoring station;

[0033] S3. Use monitoring stations with a larger epicenter distance to calculate the magnitude of the explosion event, and inversely calculate the standard gauge function corresponding to the monitoring stations within a small scale range;

[0034] S4. Through the numerical fitting of the gauge function and the epicenter distance, the calculation formula of the gauge function in the small scale range is obtained.

[0035] As a preferred implementation, the small-scale range of S1 refers to the epicentral distance from the epicenter of the earthquake source to the monitoring station within 0-5 km, where the gauge function values ​​corresponding to different epicentral distances are called small-scale gauge functions; the relationship between the gauge function and the epicentral distance is expressed as:

[0036] R(Δ)=aln(Δ)+b;

[0037] Where R(Δ) is the gauge function, Δ is the epicentral distance, and a and b are combination coefficients;

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the shock wave monitoring stations are installed at different distances from the detonation point. The specific arrangement of the monitoring stations is as follows: the monitoring stations are arranged from 300-500m away from the detonation point to a longer distance with equal ratios. The ratio is q=1.5-1.8, ensuring that there are at least 6 monitoring stations within the small-scale range of 0-5km from the epicenter, at least 2 monitoring stations within the range of 5-10km from the epicenter, and at least 1 monitoring station within the range greater than 10km from the epicenter; the spatial distance between the detonation point and each monitoring station, namely the epicenter distance Δ, is obtained by direct measurement or calculation with reference to the coordinate position.

[0039] To ensure effective monitoring by each monitoring station, the shock wave signal generated by the explosives used in the blasting operation must be clearly recorded by the monitoring station that is farthest away. After receiving the shock wave signal, each monitoring station directly records or converts and calculates the maximum displacement amplitude of the S wave.

[0040] As a preferred implementation, the magnitude of the explosion event is calculated using monitoring stations with a larger epicenter distance. The specific method is: after calculating the magnitude of each monitoring station, sum and take the average value as the magnitude result of the explosion event. The calculation formula is:

[0041]

[0042] M Li =lgA i +R i (Δ i );

[0043] Where M L is the local magnitude of the earthquake event, M Li The magnitude calculated by the i-th station, n is the number of stations with a distance of at least 5 km from the epicenter, A i is the maximum displacement amplitude of the S wave recorded by the i-th station, Δ i is the epicentral distance of the ith station, R i (Δ i ) is the gauge function corresponding to the i-th station, and its value is based on the gauge function table in the national standard;

[0044] The standard gauge function corresponding to the monitoring station in the small scale range is obtained by back-calculation. The specific method is: using the magnitude M L The formula for back-calculating the gauge function corresponding to the monitoring station within the small scale range is:

[0045] R j 9Δ j )=M L -lgA j ;

[0046] In the formula, R j (Δ j ) is the gauge function value corresponding to the jth station among the m stations in the small scale range, A j The maximum displacement amplitude of the S wave recorded for the jth station.

[0047] The numerical fitting of the gauge function and the epicenter distance refers to obtaining a and b using the linear least squares method. The specific formula is:

[0048]

[0049] like Figure 3 As shown, according to the small-scale range gauge function calculation formula R(Δ)=aln(Δ)+b, the gauge function R(Δ) corresponding to the monitoring station with any epicenter distance Δ under small scale is obtained.

Claims

1. A method for actively measuring a gauge function in a small scale range, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Determine the detonation point of an explosive blast within the small scale range to be monitored, install shock wave monitoring stations at different distances from the detonation point, and accurately record the spatial distance between the detonation point and each monitoring station; S2, actively stimulate vibration waveforms through blasting operations, and record the vibration wave signals received by each monitoring station; S3. Use monitoring stations with a larger epicenter distance to calculate the magnitude of the explosion event, and inversely calculate the standard gauge function corresponding to the monitoring stations within a small scale range; S4. Through the numerical fitting of the gauge function and the epicenter distance, the calculation formula of the gauge function in the small scale range is obtained.

2. The method for actively calculating a small-scale gauge function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The small-scale range of S1 refers to the epicentral distance from the epicenter to the monitoring station within 0-5 km, where the gauge function values ​​corresponding to different epicentral distances are called small-scale gauge functions; the relationship between the gauge function and the epicentral distance is expressed as: R(Δ)=aln(Δ)+b; Where R(Δ) is the gauge function, Δ is the epicentral distance, and a and b are combination coefficients; The shock wave monitoring stations are installed at different distances from the detonation point. The specific arrangement of the monitoring stations is as follows: the monitoring stations are arranged from 300-500m away from the detonation point to a longer distance with equal ratios. The ratio is q=1.5-1.8, ensuring that there are at least 6 monitoring stations within the small-scale range of 0-5km from the epicenter, at least 2 monitoring stations within the range of 5-10km from the epicenter, and at least 1 monitoring station within the range greater than 10km from the epicenter; the spatial distance between the detonation point and each monitoring station, namely the epicenter distance Δ, is obtained by direct measurement or calculation with reference to the coordinate position.

3. The method for actively calculating a small-scale gauge function according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The shock wave signal generated by the explosives used in the blasting operation in S2 is sufficient to be clearly recorded by the monitoring station that is arranged at the farthest distance; after receiving the shock wave signal, each monitoring station directly records or converts and calculates the maximum displacement amplitude of the S wave.

4. The method for actively calculating a small-scale gauge function according to claim 3, characterized in that: In S3, the magnitude of the explosion event is calculated using the monitoring station with a larger epicenter distance. The specific method is: after calculating the magnitude of each monitoring station, the sum is taken as the average value as the magnitude result of the explosion event. The calculation formula is: M Li =lgA i +R i (Δ i ); Where M L is the local magnitude of the earthquake event, M Li The magnitude calculated by the i-th station, n is the number of stations with a distance of at least 5 km from the epicenter, A i is the maximum displacement amplitude of the S wave recorded by the i-th station, Δ i is the epicentral distance of the ith station, R i (Δ i ) is the gauge function corresponding to the i-th station, and its value is based on the gauge function table in the national standard; The standard gauge function corresponding to the monitoring station in the small scale range is obtained by back-calculation. The specific method is: using the magnitude M L The formula for back-calculating the gauge function corresponding to the monitoring station within the small scale range is: R j )Δ2)=M L -lgA j ; In the formula, R2(Δ j ) is the gauge function value corresponding to the jth station among the m stations in the small scale range, A j The maximum displacement amplitude of the S wave recorded for the jth station.

5. The method for actively calculating a small-scale gauge function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The numerical fitting of the gauge function in S4 and the epicenter distance refers to obtaining a and b using the linear least squares method. The specific formula is: According to the small-scale range gauge function calculation formula R(Δ)=aln(Δ)+b, the gauge function R(Δ) corresponding to the monitoring station with any epicenter distance Δ in the small scale is obtained.

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