Non-dispersion optical fiber coupler adaptive to double light sources

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of optical communication, and discloses a dispersion-free optical fiber coupler adaptive to double light sources, which comprises a shell, a plurality of connecting pipes for optical fiber connection are arranged at the end part of the shell, a working cavity and a connecting end connected with the working cavity are arranged in the shell, and after an optical fiber is connected with the connecting pipes, a fiber core is positioned in the connecting end; and an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the distribution proportion of the optical fiber signals is arranged in the working cavity. Through the deflection of the dispersion compensation optical fiber, the dispersion of the optical signal can be effectively compensated in the transmission process, so that the integrity and stability of the signal are kept. Meanwhile, a micro motor and a threaded rod are used for adjusting the shape of the working cavity, and primary adjustment of the optical signal output proportion is achieved; furthermore, the output angle of the optical signal is accurately controlled by adjusting the refractive index of the lithium niobate crystal, so that the distribution proportion of a plurality of optical fiber signals is optimized, and the requirements of multi-wavelength optical signals are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of optical communication, and in particular to a dispersion-free optical fiber coupler adapted to a dual light source. Background Art

[0002] Fiber couplers are widely used in optical communications, fiber optic networks, laser systems, sensors and other fields. Their main function is to distribute the input optical signal to multiple output optical fibers, or to merge multiple optical signals into one optical fiber. Traditional fiber couplers usually distribute optical signals to output ports in a fixed ratio. For example, the common 2×2 fiber coupler distributes the input signal to two output ports in a fixed ratio (such as 50:50, 70:30, etc.). However, this fixed distribution ratio cannot be flexibly adjusted according to different needs. In some fiber optic communication systems or experimental environments, it is necessary to dynamically adjust the distribution ratio of optical signals according to the working conditions of the system or external needs. Traditional fiber couplers cannot adapt to these changes, resulting in unreasonable distribution of output optical signals, affecting system performance.

[0003] When multiple light sources are working at the same time, especially light sources with different wavelengths (such as 840nm and 1310nm band light sources), the fixed ratio of fiber couplers cannot take into account the reasonable distribution of light signals of different wavelengths. This fixed distribution ratio cannot meet the requirements of light signals of different wavelengths, which may cause interference between light sources and affect the quality of light signals. In some systems that require high-precision control, the distribution ratio cannot be adjusted, resulting in low power utilization efficiency of the light source, which in turn affects the stability and transmission effect of the system. Therefore, fiber couplers need to have the ability to flexibly adjust the output light signal distribution ratio in high-bandwidth, high-precision or multi-light source applications to optimize the light source power distribution and improve the overall performance of the system. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a dispersion-free optical fiber coupler adapted to dual light sources, which solves the problem that the output optical fiber distribution ratio cannot be dynamically adjusted in the optical fiber coupler.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a dispersion-free fiber coupler adapted for dual light sources, comprising a shell, a plurality of connecting tubes for optical fiber connection are installed at the end of the shell, a working cavity and a connecting end connected to the working cavity are installed inside the shell, after the optical fiber is connected to the connecting tube, the fiber core is located inside the connecting end, an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the optical fiber signal distribution ratio is installed inside the working cavity, and a heat dissipation component for dissipating heat from the body is installed on the outside of the shell.

[0006] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism includes a micro motor, a threaded rod and two clamping blocks, the micro motor is installed inside the housing, the threaded rod is installed at the output end of the micro motor, the two clamping blocks are threadedly connected to the outside of the threaded rod, and the working chamber is clamped between the two clamping blocks.

[0007] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism further includes a lithium niobate crystal and an electrode, the lithium niobate crystal is installed in the working chamber, the electrode is installed in the middle of the clamp, and the lithium niobate crystal and the electrode are arranged in parallel.

[0008] Preferably, a dispersion compensating optical fiber for dispersion adjustment is installed inside the connection end.

[0009] Preferably, the heat dissipation assembly comprises a heat dissipation fan, which is mounted on the side wall of the outer shell and communicated with the inner cavity of the outer shell.

[0010] Preferably, an installation cavity is opened on the outer side of the shell, the heat dissipation fan is installed in the middle of the installation cavity, the middle of the installation cavity is connected with the shell through a snap-on assembly, and a dustproof net is installed in the middle of the shell.

[0011] Preferably, the buckle assembly comprises a clamping block, the clamping block is fixedly connected to a side of the shell body close to the outer shell, a slot is provided on the outer side of the outer shell, and the clamping block is clamped with the slot.

[0012] Preferably, a spring is installed inside the shell, and an insert block is fixedly installed on the other end of the spring. After the card block is inserted into the slot, the insert block and the card block are snap-fitted.

[0013] Preferably, an operating opening is provided on the outer side of the shell for taking the shell out from the outer side of the housing.

[0014] Preferably, a cable is connected to the outside of the housing, and the cable is in communication with the micro motor and the electrode.

[0015] Working principle: The optical fiber line is connected to the outer shell through a connecting tube. After the connection is completed, the optical fiber core is inserted into the connection end and contacts the dispersion-compensating optical fiber. At this time, the optical signal input from the connection end forms a horizontal optical path through the deflection of the dispersion-compensating optical fiber, thereby solving the optical fiber dispersion problem. The optical signal deflected by the dispersion-compensating optical fiber enters the working cavity, passes through the lithium niobate crystal, and is output from the other side of the connection end, thus realizing the coupling of optical fibers.

[0016] When the signal distribution ratio of multiple optical fibers needs to be adjusted, the threaded rod is driven to rotate by driving the micro motor. At this time, the threaded rod can drive the clamp to move back and forth, and the clamp also acts on the working cavity, causing the shape of the working cavity to deflect. At this time, the optical signal input from the connection end is misaligned with the output side channel of the connection end, thereby preliminarily changing the output ratio of the optical signal. When the signal ratio needs to be further adjusted, power is supplied to the electrode to cause the electrode to work, thereby acting on the lithium niobate crystal, causing the refractive index of the lithium niobate crystal to change, thereby further changing the optical signal output angle, thereby further realizing the distribution ratio of the output signal.

[0017] When the shell is working, a lot of heat will accumulate inside it. At this time, the cooling fan is driven to blow in external air to discharge the internal heat, thereby ensuring the continuous operation of the fiber optic coupler. The air inhaled by the cooling fan will first pass through the middle of the dustproof net. At this time, the dust and impurities carried in the air will be blocked by the dustproof net, thereby preventing dust from entering and extending the service life of the fiber optic coupler.

[0018] The present invention provides a dispersion-free optical fiber coupler suitable for dual light sources, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention can effectively compensate for the dispersion of optical signals during transmission by deflecting the dispersion-compensating optical fiber, thereby maintaining the integrity and stability of the signal. At the same time, the shape of the working cavity is adjusted by a micro-motor and a threaded rod to achieve a preliminary adjustment of the output ratio of the optical signal; the output angle of the optical signal is further precisely controlled by adjusting the refractive index of the lithium niobate crystal, thereby optimizing the distribution ratio of multiple optical fiber signals and meeting the needs of multi-wavelength optical signals.

[0019] 2. In the present invention, the heat accumulated inside the housing is discharged in time through the operation of the cooling fan, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the optical fiber coupler. At the same time, the air sucked in by the cooling fan is filtered through the dustproof net to prevent dust and impurities from entering the optical fiber coupler, reduce dust accumulation inside the device, extend the service life of the device and improve its long-term stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure explosion of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dustproof net of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the working chamber of the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0021] Among them, 1. outer shell; 2. connecting tube; 3. connecting end; 4. working chamber; 5. lithium niobate crystal; 6. micro motor; 7. threaded rod; 8. clamping block; 9. electrode; 10. cable; 11. installation cavity; 12. cooling fan; 13. shell; 14. dustproof net; 15. card block; 16. spring; 17. plug-in block; 18. slot; 19. operation port; 20. dispersion compensation optical fiber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the specification of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Example: Please refer to the attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 5 The embodiment of the present invention provides a dispersion-free fiber coupler adapted to a dual light source, comprising a housing 1, a plurality of connecting tubes 2 for connecting optical fibers are installed at the end of the housing 1, a working cavity 4 and a connecting end 3 connected to the working cavity 4 are installed inside the housing 1, after the optical fiber is connected to the connecting tube 2, the fiber core is located inside the connecting end 3, and the optical fiber line is connected to the housing 1 through the connecting tube 2. After the connection is completed, the optical fiber core is inserted into the connecting end 3, and the optical signal input from the connecting end 3 enters the working cavity 4 for coupling, and a dispersion compensation optical fiber 20 for dispersion adjustment is installed inside the connecting end 3, and the optical signal input from the connecting end 3 forms a horizontal optical path through the deflection of the dispersion compensation optical fiber 20, thereby solving the problem of optical fiber dispersion, and an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the optical fiber signal distribution ratio is installed inside the working cavity 4, and the proportion of multiple optical signal output lines is changed by the adjustment mechanism, thereby meeting the needs of different light sources and signal output requirements. The adjustment mechanism includes a micro motor 6, a threaded rod 7 and two clamps 8. The micro motor 6 is installed inside the housing 1, the threaded rod 7 is installed at the output end of the micro motor 6, the two clamps 8 are threadedly connected to the outside of the threaded rod 7, and the working chamber 4 is clamped between the two clamps 8. When it is necessary to adjust the signal distribution ratio of multiple optical fibers, the threaded rod 7 is driven to rotate by driving the micro motor 6. At this time, the threaded rod 7 can drive the clamps 8 to move back and forth, and the clamps 8 also act on the working chamber 4, causing the shape of the working chamber 4 to deflect. At this time, the passage of the working chamber 4 is also changed. At this time, the optical signal input from the connection end 3 is misaligned with the output side channel of the connection end 3, thereby preliminarily changing the output ratio of the optical signal.

[0024] Please refer to the attached Figure 4The regulating mechanism also includes a lithium niobate crystal 5 and an electrode 9. The lithium niobate crystal 5 is installed in the inner cavity of the working cavity 4, and the electrode 9 is installed in the middle of the clamp 8. The lithium niobate crystal 5 and the electrode 9 are arranged in parallel. A cable 10 is connected to the outer side of the housing 1, and the cable 10 is connected to the micro motor 6 and the electrode 9. Changing the shape of the passage of the working cavity 4 by moving the clamp 8 can only roughly change the signal distribution. When more precise distribution is required, the electrode 9 can be operated by supplying power to the electrode 9, thereby changing the refractive index of the lithium niobate crystal 5, thereby further adjusting the output angle of the optical signal and realizing further distribution of the output signal ratio.

[0025] Please see attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 3 A heat dissipation component for dissipating heat from the body is installed on the outside of the shell 1. When the shell 1 is working, a lot of heat will accumulate inside it. At this time, the heat dissipation component works to discharge the heat. The heat dissipation component includes a heat dissipation fan 12, which is installed on the side wall of the shell 1 and communicates with the internal cavity of the shell 1. The heat dissipation fan 12 works to inhale air and replace the hot air inside the shell 1, so as to achieve heat dissipation. An installation cavity 11 is opened on the outside of the shell 1. The heat dissipation fan 12 is installed in the middle of the installation cavity 11. The heat dissipation fan 12 is placed through the installation cavity 11, and it is convenient to position and install the heat dissipation fan 12. The middle of the installation cavity 11 is connected to a shell 13 through a buckle assembly. The shell 13 can be quickly installed and disassembled through the buckle assembly to improve assembly efficiency. A dustproof net 14 is installed in the middle of the shell 13. The dust and impurities carried in the air are blocked by the dustproof net 14 to prevent them from entering the inside of the shell 1.

[0026] Please see attached Figure 3 and attached Figure 5The snap assembly includes a card block 15, which is fixedly connected to the side of the shell 13 near the housing 1. A slot 18 is provided on the outside of the housing 1. The card block 15 is snapped with the slot 18. When installing the housing 13, the card block 15 and the slot 18 need to be aligned first, and then the housing 13 is pressed toward the housing 1 as a whole, so that the outer surface of the housing 13 is flush with the edge of the installation cavity 11. A spring 16 is installed inside the housing 1, and an insert block 17 is fixedly installed on the other end of the spring 16. After the card block 15 is inserted into the slot 18, the insert block 17 and the card block 15 are snapped together. After the card block 15 enters the slot 18, it will first act on the insert block 17, and at this time, the spring 16 will also be squeezed and deformed. After the card block 15 continues to enter, when the insert block 17 reaches the notch position of the card block 15, under the action of the spring 16, the insert block 17 enters the notch, so as to complete the snapping operation of the housing 13. An operating port 19 is provided on the outside of the shell 13 for removing the shell 13 from the outside of the housing 1. When the shell 13 needs to be removed for cleaning or replacement, a tool is inserted into the operating port 19 and then lifted upward, so that the block 15 can be lifted upward simultaneously and freed from the restriction of the insert block 17, thereby completing the disassembly of the shell 13.

[0027] As part of this application, this technical solution aims at the problem that the traditional fiber coupler cannot dynamically adjust the distribution ratio of the output fiber, and proposes a control system combining dispersion compensating fiber and lithium niobate crystal, which can realize the dispersion compensation of optical signals of different wavelengths in the dual light source system and the dynamic adjustment of optical signals between the output fibers. The control system includes: Dispersion compensation module: In the control system of the present invention, the dispersion compensation module is a key component, which is designed to optimize the transmission effect of optical signals of different wavelengths in the fiber coupler. The dispersion compensation module effectively reduces the signal distortion caused by dispersion by using dispersion-compensating optical fiber, ensuring that different wavelength light sources remain stable and synchronized during transmission. This is especially important for multi-wavelength light source systems, especially when the 840nm and 1310nm band light sources work simultaneously, it can achieve dispersion compensation and signal quality optimization of optical signals.

[0028] In this embodiment, the dispersion compensation module optimizes the synchronous transmission of optical signals in the 840nm and 1310nm bands by precisely controlling the configuration of the dispersion compensation optical fiber in the optical fiber coupler. The dispersion compensation optical fiber is configured between the input and output ends of the optical fiber coupler. Its main function is to minimize the distortion of signals in each band during transmission by adjusting the dispersion characteristics of the optical signal. Specifically, the length, type and refractive index of the dispersion compensation optical fiber will be optimized and adjusted according to the wavelength characteristics of the actual light source and the working requirements of the system to achieve the best dispersion compensation effect.

[0029] Dispersion compensating fiber is a fiber specially designed to compensate for dispersion, usually composed of optical fibers with special materials and structures. In this embodiment, the design of the dispersion compensating fiber should be optimized according to the wavelength range and working conditions of the input optical signal to ensure that the waveform distortion caused by the dispersion effect of the light wave can be effectively compensated. The refractive index distribution and fiber length of the dispersion compensating fiber have a significant impact on its dispersion compensation ability. Therefore, the reasonable selection of these parameters needs to be considered during the design.

[0030] Specifically, the dispersion characteristics of dispersion-compensating optical fiber can be calculated by the following formula: Where: D(λ) represents dispersion, the unit is ps / (nm·km); c is the speed of light, the unit is m / s; λ is the wavelength of light, the unit is nm; β is the propagation constant of the optical fiber, which depends on the structure and material of the optical fiber.

[0031] The design goal of dispersion-compensating fiber is to match the dispersion characteristics of the compensation fiber with the dispersion characteristics of the input signal, so as to achieve the best dispersion compensation effect. For example, in a multi-wavelength fiber coupler, the optical signals in the 840nm and 1310nm bands may have time domain misalignment or waveform distortion due to the dispersion effect. The use of properly designed dispersion-compensating fiber can effectively alleviate these problems and ensure signal quality.

[0032] In this embodiment, the length of the dispersion compensating fiber is selected according to the wavelength of the light source, the signal transmission distance and the requirements of the system. In order to meet the needs of signals of different wavelengths, the length of the dispersion compensating fiber will be appropriately adjusted. Generally, a longer fiber can provide a stronger compensation effect, but will introduce more light loss. Therefore, when designing, it is necessary to find a suitable balance between the compensation effect and the loss.

[0033] As an option, the length of the dispersion compensating fiber can be adjusted by the control system. The control system measures the dispersion effect of the input optical signal in real time and adjusts the length or configuration of the dispersion compensating fiber based on the actual measurement results. This adjustment can be achieved through an automatic control system to ensure the best performance of the system under different light sources and working conditions.

[0034] Specifically, the dispersion compensating optical fiber used in the present invention generally has a low dispersion or zero dispersion design and is suitable for optical signals in the 840nm and 1310nm bands. Different types of dispersion compensating optical fibers can be selected according to the requirements of different light sources. For example, non-zero dispersion shifted optical fiber or standard single-mode optical fiber can be used as dispersion compensating optical fiber. Different types of optical fibers are suitable for different application scenarios, so the selection needs to be determined in combination with the specific optical signal and transmission environment.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the dispersion compensating optical fiber uses a photonic crystal fiber, which has higher flexibility and adjustment capability and can be optimized according to the wavelength characteristics of the light source. Photonic crystal fiber has better adjustment performance in structure and can provide effective dispersion compensation in a smaller space.

[0036] In this embodiment, the effect of the dispersion compensating optical fiber is adjusted by a real-time feedback control system. During the operation of the system, the optical power sensor monitors the quality of the input optical signal in real time and feeds back the measurement results to the control system. The control system adjusts the configuration or length of the dispersion compensating optical fiber according to the feedback signal to ensure that the optical signal is optimally compensated during transmission. Through this dynamic adjustment, the system can adapt to light sources of different wavelengths and powers to ensure the signal quality of the output optical fiber.

[0037] In order to further improve the performance of the dispersion compensating optical fiber, this embodiment provides a specific calculation formula for the dispersion compensation capability of the dispersion compensating optical fiber: Where: D comp Indicates the compensation capability of dispersion-compensating optical fiber; L fiber is the length of the dispersion-compensating fiber; D(λ) is the chromatic dispersion, which varies based on the fiber's refractive index and wavelength.

[0038] This calculation method can help optimize the configuration of the compensation fiber and ensure that the system can maintain the best dispersion compensation effect in actual operation.

[0039] The dispersion compensation module in this embodiment effectively compensates for the signal distortion caused by the dispersion effect by accurately configuring the dispersion compensation optical fiber, ensuring the high-quality transmission of the 840nm and 1310nm band optical signals in the optical fiber coupler. The design of the dispersion compensation optical fiber takes into account the wavelength, transmission distance and characteristics of the optical signal, and dynamically adjusts the configuration or length of the dispersion compensation optical fiber through a real-time feedback control system to minimize signal distortion. Through the implementation of these technical solutions, the present invention can provide more stable and efficient optical signal transmission in a multi-wavelength light source system.

[0040] Electro-optical modulation module: In the present invention, the design of the electro-optical modulation module is a key link, which is used to dynamically adjust the distribution ratio of the output optical signal in the optical fiber coupler. By using lithium niobate crystals, the electro-optical modulator can accurately control the optical power distribution of the output port by applying an external electric field. The design of this module can achieve effective management of different wavelength signals in a multi-light source system, especially in the situation where the light sources in the 840nm and 1310nm bands work at the same time, ensuring that the output optical signal is distributed according to the required ratio, thereby improving the overall stability and performance of the system.

[0041] In this embodiment, the electro-optic modulation module uses lithium niobate crystal as the core material, and realizes dynamic adjustment of the optical signal distribution ratio between the output optical fibers of the optical fiber coupler through the electro-optic effect. Lithium niobate crystal has excellent electro-optical properties and can change the refractive index of light under the action of the electric field, thereby adjusting the intensity of the optical signal. The system accurately controls the power distribution ratio of the output optical fiber by adjusting the electric field intensity in the electro-optic modulator, thereby realizing flexible signal distribution in the optical fiber coupler.

[0042] Electro-optic modulators use the electro-optic effect. When an electric field is applied to a lithium niobate crystal, the refractive index of light changes. Specifically, there is a linear relationship between the refractive index n of the lithium niobate crystal and the electric field E. The electro-optic effect is described by the following formula: n=n0+r·E Where: n0 is the conventional refractive index of lithium niobate crystal; r is the electro-optic coefficient, which represents the response intensity of lithium niobate crystal to electric field; E is the electric field intensity applied to the crystal.

[0043] By adjusting the electric field E, the propagation speed and refractive index of light change, which in turn affects the distribution ratio of the optical signal in the fiber coupler. According to the actual control signal, the system can accurately adjust the light intensity of the output port to ensure that the power distribution between different light sources reaches the ideal state.

[0044] The control signals of the electro-optic modulator are generated by the control system, usually provided by a microcontroller or a digital signal processor. The control signals are converted into voltage signals by a digital-to-analog converter to drive the change of the electric field intensity in the electro-optic modulator. These signals are dynamically matched with the power and wavelength of the input optical signal in the fiber coupler to ensure that the signal ratio between the output ports can be flexibly adjusted according to the needs during operation.

[0045] In one possible implementation, the control system adjusts the electric field strength of the electro-optic modulator through real-time feedback of the optical power monitoring signal, thereby achieving accurate power distribution. For example, when the optical power sensor detects that the signal of a certain output optical fiber is too strong, the system will reduce the power of the output end by reducing the corresponding electric field strength; conversely, it will increase the electric field strength and distribute more optical signals to the output end.

[0046] In some embodiments, the electro-optic modulator can be used to adjust the power distribution of multiple wavelength light sources. For example, in a dual light source system, 840nm and 1310nm optical signals are transmitted through a fiber coupler. Due to the different spectral characteristics of the two, the traditional fixed ratio fiber coupler cannot achieve ideal power distribution at these two wavelengths. Through the electro-optic modulation module, the system can automatically adjust the power distribution of the two at the output port according to the characteristics of the light sources of different wavelengths.

[0047] Specifically, the lithium niobate electro-optic modulator used in this embodiment has efficient modulation capability, can quickly respond to electric field changes during optical signal transmission, and achieve fine signal adjustment. In order to improve the performance of the electro-optic modulator, it can be combined with a high-frequency switching power supply to ensure that the adjustment signal can be efficiently and accurately transmitted to the modulator.

[0048] In some embodiments, the electric field strength range of the electro-optic modulator may be designed to be 0V to 100V to meet the requirements of adjusting optical signals of different intensities. Through this design, the system can flexibly adjust the output signals of light sources of different wavelengths and different powers.

[0049] In this embodiment, the feedback mechanism is an important part to ensure the precise adjustment of the electro-optical modulation module. The control system automatically adjusts the electric field strength of the electro-optical modulator by monitoring the data of the optical power sensor in real time. The feedback control system adjusts the distribution ratio of the output optical fiber by accurately calculating the gap between the feedback signal and the set target, ensuring stability during the dynamic adjustment process.

[0050] Specifically, when the control system detects that the optical signal strength at a certain output port is lower than the target value, the system will increase the electric field strength of the electro-optic modulator according to the feedback signal, thereby increasing the signal strength of the port. Conversely, if the signal at a certain port is too strong, the electric field strength will be automatically reduced, and the power distribution will be adjusted to ensure balanced signal distribution.

[0051] The electro-optical modulation module of the present invention realizes the dynamic adjustment of the output optical signal distribution ratio in the optical fiber coupler through the lithium niobate electro-optical modulator. The electro-optical modulator uses the electro-optical effect to adjust the power distribution ratio of the output port by controlling the electric field intensity, ensuring that the system can flexibly and accurately distribute the optical signal. In the specific implementation, the electro-optical modulation module is closely coordinated with the control system and the feedback control mechanism to ensure that the light source signal can be accurately adjusted according to the demand. Through this design, the system can achieve the best optical signal distribution in multi-light source applications and optimize the performance and stability of the optical fiber coupler.

[0052] Feedback control system: In the fiber coupler of the present invention, the feedback control system plays a vital role. The main goal of the system is to monitor the optical signal intensity of the output port in real time, adjust the working state of the electro-optical modulation module according to the real-time feedback, and accurately control the distribution ratio of the optical signal between the output ports. By cooperating with the electro-optical modulation module and the dispersion compensation module, the feedback control system ensures that the system always maintains the best working state, thereby realizing the dynamic adjustment of the output signal distribution.

[0053] In this embodiment, the feedback control system collects the optical power data of the output port in real time, analyzes the signal strength, and transmits this information to the control module. The control system automatically adjusts the electric field strength of the electro-optical modulation module according to the feedback signal to ensure that the distribution of the output signal meets the requirements set by the system. The system uses an efficient optical power sensor and a precise control algorithm, which can respond to changes in real time and dynamically adjust system parameters.

[0054] One of the core elements of the feedback control system is the optical power sensor. The optical power sensor monitors the signal strength of each output port in real time and feeds the measured power value back to the control system. These sensors are generally deployed at the optical fiber of the output port and are responsible for monitoring the intensity of the optical signal in the optical fiber. The power data output by the sensor is transmitted to the control system via analog or digital signals. This data will serve as the basis for the control system to adjust the electric field strength of the electro-optical modulation module.

[0055] In a possible implementation, the signal output by the optical power sensor is converted into a digital signal by an analog-to-digital converter. The digital signal is compared with a set power allocation target by a signal processing module to generate a control signal.

[0056] The control system calculates the parameters required to adjust the electric field strength based on the difference between the feedback optical power signal and the set target. Through the real-time control algorithm, the system continuously adjusts the electric field strength of the electro-optical modulation module to meet the precise requirements of the output port power distribution. For example, when the optical power sensor detects that the optical power of a port is too high, the system will automatically reduce the electric field strength of the port and reduce its signal power; if the optical power of another port is lower, the system will increase the electric field strength of the port and enhance the signal distribution.

[0057] The feedback mechanism of the control system is based on the difference calculation, namely: ΔP=P target -P measured Where: ΔP is the power difference, that is, the difference between the target power and the actual measured power; P target is the set power allocation target; P measured is the actual power value fed back by the sensor.

[0058] The control system adjusts the electric field strength E of the electro-optic modulator according to the calculated difference so that the output power gradually approaches the set target.

[0059] In some embodiments, the control system uses a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control algorithm, which can more accurately adjust the distribution ratio of the output light signal. The PID controller is controlled by the following formula: Where: u(t) is the control signal output by the system, driving the electric field strength of the electro-optic modulator; e(t) is the error between the set target and the actual measured power; K p ,K i ,K d are the proportional, integral and differential control coefficients respectively; t is time.

[0060] In this algorithm, the proportional part K p For direct response error, integral part K i It is used to eliminate the long-term accumulated error, and the differential part K d is used to respond to the rate of error change. By adjusting these three parameters, the PID controller can efficiently control the power distribution of the output port so that it gradually reaches the target.

[0061] In order to ensure the real-time response of the feedback control system, the data transmission and signal processing between the control system and the sensor need to ensure low latency. In one possible implementation, the system uses a high-speed data bus and processing unit to ensure that the input signal changes can be adjusted in a very short time. Specifically, the calculation time of the control system should be less than the response time of the optical power sensor to ensure real-time performance.

[0062] As an option, the control system can also optimize control performance through an adaptive control algorithm. The adaptive control algorithm can automatically adjust the PID control parameters according to different working conditions, so that the system can maintain a stable regulation effect under changing light source power and wavelength conditions.

[0063] The feedback control system in this embodiment can achieve high-precision power distribution adjustment by continuously adjusting the electric field strength of the electro-optical modulation module. In general, the system can achieve accurate power control to the milliwatt level. In addition, the stability of the feedback control system is also fully guaranteed. The control algorithm ensures that the system always remains in the set working state by continuously adjusting the output optical signal in real time to avoid power fluctuations or signal loss.

[0064] In specific implementation, through appropriate adjustment and optimization, the system can automatically adjust the optical signal distribution ratio of the output optical fiber according to different light source power and wavelength characteristics to maintain efficient operation of the system.

[0065] The feedback control system of the present invention can dynamically adjust the electric field strength of the electro-optical modulation module and optimize the distribution ratio of the optical signal by real-time monitoring of the output optical power and combining with an accurate control algorithm. The system can quickly respond to changes within the system to ensure accurate and stable signal distribution in a multi-light source system. By using an optical power sensor, a PID control algorithm, and an adaptive control mechanism, the feedback control system can provide reliable signal regulation under different working conditions to ensure efficient operation of the system.

[0066] Power management system: In the present invention, the power management system is the basis for ensuring the normal and efficient operation of each module in the fiber coupler. The design goal of the system is to provide a stable and adaptive power supply for core components such as the electro-optic modulation module, feedback control system, and dispersion compensation module. The stability of the power management system directly affects the performance of the entire control system, especially in the case of multiple light sources and dynamic adjustment, to ensure that the power supply of each module does not fluctuate or interfere.

[0067] In this embodiment, the power management system integrates multiple power modules to provide the required power for each key component. Different modules in the system (such as electro-optical modulation module, optical power sensor and control system, etc.) have their own voltage and power requirements, so the power management system uses a variety of technologies such as DC-DC converter, voltage-stabilized power supply and filtering device to ensure stable power support.

[0068] The power management system generally includes a power input unit, a power distribution unit, and a protection unit. The power input unit obtains power from an external power source (such as an AC power source) or a high-efficiency DC power adapter. The DC-DC converter converts the input power into a stable voltage suitable for each module.

[0069] Power input unit: In general, the power input unit converts external power into DC power and performs preliminary voltage regulation. In order to ensure the reliable operation of the system, this part needs to support different power specifications, be able to cope with fluctuations in AC power, and ensure stable operation of the system.

[0070] DC-DC converter: As the core of the power management system, the DC-DC converter adjusts the output voltage according to the voltage requirements of each module. The control system, dispersion compensation module and electro-optical modulator usually require different voltages, so the DC-DC converter distributes the input power into multiple output voltages (such as 5V, 12V and higher voltages). As an option, the system can use an isolated DC-DC converter to ensure that the power supplies between different modules do not interfere with each other through electromagnetic isolation.

[0071] Regulated power supply and filtering device: In some embodiments, a regulated power supply is used to further ensure the stability of the power supply. These regulated power supplies ensure that each module can operate stably at the required voltage, especially for modules such as electro-optical modulators, sensors, and control systems that have high voltage stability requirements. In order to reduce noise, the power supply system is equipped with a low-noise filter to prevent unnecessary interference from the power supply from affecting system performance.

[0072] Different fiber coupler modules have different power requirements, so the power management system needs to be adapted according to the characteristics of the module. Specifically, the electro-optical modulation module requires a higher voltage (usually 50V to 100V) to drive the electro-optical modulator to generate a strong enough electric field to adjust the distribution ratio of the optical signal. The control system and feedback control module usually require a lower voltage (such as 5V or 12V) to support its signal processing and control functions.

[0073] Power requirements of the electro-optical modulation module: In this embodiment, the power requirements of the electro-optical modulation module are relatively special. In order to ensure the efficient operation of the electro-optical modulator, the system provides energy to it through a high-voltage DC power supply. The power supply unit generates a stable voltage to power the electro-optical modulator through a DC-DC converter. Since the electro-optical modulator is sensitive to the electric field, the stability of the power supply is crucial. The power management system ensures the accurate and stable output of the voltage through a voltage-stabilized power supply and a filtering device.

[0074] Power requirements of the control system: The control system requires a low voltage power supply, usually 5V DC. This voltage can be provided by an integrated DC-DC converter, which converts the input power voltage into the required 5V to ensure the normal operation of the control system.

[0075] The power management system not only provides power, but also has a protection function to ensure that the system is protected from faults such as overvoltage, overcurrent, and overtemperature. Generally, the power management system includes overcurrent protection circuits, overvoltage protection circuits, and overheating protection circuits. These protection circuits can effectively prevent equipment damage caused by power anomalies.

[0076] Overcurrent protection: When a module or power supply part is short-circuited or fails, the overcurrent protection circuit of the power management system will immediately cut off the current to prevent damage to other components. This circuit usually uses a current detection and feedback mechanism. Once it detects that the current exceeds the safe range, it will trigger the protection mechanism.

[0077] Overvoltage protection: In the case of abnormal voltage input, the power management system can monitor the voltage level and protect the stable operation of the system by adjusting the power supply or switching to the backup power supply. This protection measure detects the feedback signal of the voltage sensor and switches the power supply or reduces the voltage according to the set threshold.

[0078] Overheat protection: To prevent power supply damage caused by overheating, a temperature sensor is integrated into the power management system. When the system temperature exceeds the preset range, the temperature control module will take active cooling measures or cut off the power supply.

[0079] In some embodiments, the power management system is also equipped with a power monitoring interface, so that the user or remote system can view the power status in real time. Through the integrated monitoring system, the user can understand the output voltage, current and power consumption of each module of the power supply. In addition, the power management system supports remote control and regulation, and can adjust the voltage output as needed to optimize system performance.

[0080] For example, a power monitoring module can be connected to a control system via a communication bus (such as I2C or CAN bus). Through this interface, the control system can obtain information about the power supply status and make corresponding adjustments. If the system detects a power failure or voltage deviation, the monitoring module can automatically trigger an alarm or switch to a backup power supply.

[0081] The power management system of the present invention integrates multiple power modules to provide stable and reliable power supply for each key component. The power management system adopts multiple technical means such as DC-DC converter, voltage-stabilized power supply and filtering device to ensure that each module can operate efficiently and stably at the required voltage. Through over-current, over-voltage and over-heat protection circuits, the power management system can effectively avoid damage caused by power supply anomalies. The power monitoring and management interface enables users to understand the power status in real time and remotely adjust the power supply. Through these designs, the power management system provides a solid guarantee for the stable operation of the entire fiber optic coupler system.

[0082] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A dispersion-free optical fiber coupler adapted for dual light sources, comprising a housing (1), characterized in that: A plurality of connecting tubes (2) for optical fiber connection are installed at the end of the housing (1); a working cavity (4) and a connecting end (3) connected to the working cavity (4) are installed inside the housing (1); after the optical fiber is connected to the connecting tube (2), the fiber core is located inside the connecting end (3); an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the optical fiber signal distribution ratio is installed inside the working cavity (4); and a heat dissipation component for dissipating heat from the body is installed outside the housing (1).

2. A dispersion-free optical fiber coupler adapted for dual light sources according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism comprises a micro motor (6), a threaded rod (7) and two clamping blocks (8); the micro motor (6) is mounted inside the housing (1); the threaded rod (7) is mounted at the output end of the micro motor (6); the two clamping blocks (8) are threadedly connected to the outside of the threaded rod (7); and the working chamber (4) is clamped between the two clamping blocks (8).

3. A dispersion-free optical fiber coupler adapted for dual light sources according to claim 2, characterized in that: The regulating mechanism further comprises a lithium niobate crystal (5) and an electrode (9); the lithium niobate crystal (5) is mounted in the inner cavity of the working cavity (4); the electrode (9) is mounted in the middle of the clamping block (8); and the lithium niobate crystal (5) and the electrode (9) are arranged in parallel.

4. The dispersion-free optical fiber coupler adapted for dual light sources according to claim 1, characterized in that: A dispersion compensating optical fiber (20) for performing dispersion adjustment is installed inside the connection end (3).

5. The dispersion-free optical fiber coupler adapted for dual light sources according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation component comprises a heat dissipation fan (12), wherein the heat dissipation fan (12) is mounted on a side wall of the outer shell (1) and is connected to an internal cavity of the outer shell (1).

6. The dispersion-free optical fiber coupler adapted for dual light sources according to claim 5, characterized in that: An installation cavity (11) is provided on the outside of the housing (1), the heat dissipation fan (12) is installed in the middle of the installation cavity (11), the middle of the installation cavity (11) is connected to a shell (13) via a snap-fit ​​assembly, and a dust screen (14) is installed in the middle of the shell (13).

7. The dispersion-free optical fiber coupler adapted for dual light sources according to claim 6, characterized in that: The buckle assembly comprises a clamping block (15), wherein the clamping block (15) is fixedly connected to a side of the housing (13) close to the outer shell (1), a slot (18) is provided on the outer side of the outer shell (1), and the clamping block (15) is clamped to the slot (18).

8. The dispersion-free optical fiber coupler adapted for dual light sources according to claim 7, characterized in that: A spring (16) is installed inside the housing (1), and an insert block (17) is fixedly installed on the other end of the spring (16); after the clamping block (15) is inserted into the slot (18), the insert block (17) and the clamping block (15) are engaged with each other.

9. The dispersion-free optical fiber coupler adapted for dual light sources according to claim 6, characterized in that: An operating opening (19) is provided on the outside of the shell (13) for removing the shell (13) from the outside of the housing (1).

10. The dispersion-free optical fiber coupler adapted for dual light sources according to claim 3, characterized in that: A cable (10) is connected to the outside of the housing (1), and the cable (10) is in communication with the micro motor (6) and the electrode (9).

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