A dispersion-free fiber coupler suitable for dual light sources

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of optical communication technology, and discloses a dispersion-free fiber coupler suitable for dual light sources, comprising a housing, a plurality of connecting tubes for optical fiber connection installed at the end of the housing, a working cavity and a connecting end connected to the working cavity installed inside the housing, and after the optical fiber is connected to the connecting tube, the fiber core is located inside the connecting end, and an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the optical fiber signal distribution ratio is installed inside the working cavity. Through the deflection of the dispersion-compensating optical fiber, the optical signal can effectively compensate for the dispersion during transmission, thereby maintaining the integrity and stability of the signal. At the same time, the shape of the working cavity is adjusted by a micro-motor and a threaded rod to achieve preliminary adjustment of the optical signal output ratio; further, the refractive index of the lithium niobate crystal is adjusted to accurately control the output angle of the optical signal, thereby optimizing the distribution ratio of multiple optical fiber signals to meet the needs of multi-wavelength optical signals.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of optical communications, and in particular to a dispersion-free optical fiber coupler suitable for dual light sources. Background Art

[0002] Fiber optic couplers are widely used in optical communications, fiber optic networks, laser systems, and sensors. Their main function is to distribute input optical signals to multiple output optical fibers, or to merge multiple optical signals into a single optical fiber. Traditional fiber optic couplers usually distribute optical signals to output ports in a fixed ratio. For example, a common 2×2 fiber optic coupler distributes the input signal to two output ports in a fixed ratio (such as 50:50, 70:30, etc.). However, this fixed distribution ratio cannot be flexibly adjusted to meet different needs. In some fiber optic communication systems or experimental environments, the distribution ratio of optical signals needs to be dynamically adjusted according to the system's operating conditions or external requirements. Traditional fiber optic couplers cannot adapt to these changes, resulting in unreasonable distribution of output optical signals, affecting system performance.

[0003] When multiple light sources operate simultaneously, especially those with different wavelengths (such as 840nm and 1310nm), a fixed-ratio fiber coupler cannot properly distribute the different wavelength optical signals. This fixed distribution ratio cannot adapt to the requirements of optical signals with different wavelengths, and may cause interference between light sources, affecting the quality of the optical signal. In some systems that require high-precision control, the inability to adjust the distribution ratio leads to low light source power utilization efficiency, which in turn affects system stability and transmission performance. Therefore, in high-bandwidth, high-precision, or multi-light source applications, fiber couplers need to be able to flexibly adjust the output optical signal distribution ratio to optimize light source power distribution and improve overall system performance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a dispersion-free fiber coupler adapted for dual light sources, which solves the problem that the output fiber distribution ratio cannot be dynamically adjusted in the fiber coupler.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a dispersion-free fiber coupler suitable for dual light sources, including a housing, a plurality of connecting tubes for optical fiber connection installed at the end of the housing, a working cavity and a connecting end connected to the working cavity installed inside the housing, after the optical fiber is connected to the connecting tube, the fiber core is located inside the connecting end, an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the optical fiber signal distribution ratio is installed inside the working cavity, and a heat dissipation component for dissipating heat from the body is installed on the outside of the housing.

[0006] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism includes a micro motor, a threaded rod and two clamping blocks, the micro motor is installed inside the housing, the threaded rod is installed at the output end of the micro motor, the two clamping blocks are threadedly connected to the outside of the threaded rod, and the working chamber is clamped between the two clamping blocks.

[0007] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism further includes a lithium niobate crystal and an electrode, the lithium niobate crystal is installed in the working chamber, the electrode is installed in the middle of the clamping block, and the lithium niobate crystal and the electrode are arranged in parallel.

[0008] Preferably, a dispersion compensating optical fiber for dispersion adjustment is installed inside the connection end.

[0009] Preferably, the heat dissipation assembly includes a heat dissipation fan, which is installed on the side wall of the shell and communicates with the internal cavity of the shell.

[0010] Preferably, an installation cavity is opened on the outer side of the shell, the cooling fan is installed in the middle of the installation cavity, the middle of the installation cavity is connected to the shell through a snap assembly, and a dustproof net is installed in the middle of the shell.

[0011] Preferably, the snap assembly includes a card block, which is fixedly connected to a side of the shell close to the outer shell. A slot is provided on the outer side of the shell, and the card block is snapped into the slot.

[0012] Preferably, a spring is installed inside the shell, and an inserting block is fixedly installed on the other end of the spring. After the card block is inserted into the slot, the inserting block and the card block are snap-fitted.

[0013] Preferably, an operating port is provided on the outside of the shell for taking the shell out from the outside of the outer shell.

[0014] Preferably, a cable is connected to the outside of the housing, and the cable is connected to the micro motor and the electrode.

[0015] Working principle: The optical fiber line is connected to the housing through a connecting tube. After the connection is completed, the optical fiber core is inserted into the connection end and contacts the dispersion-compensating optical fiber. At this time, the optical signal input from the connection end is deflected by the dispersion-compensating optical fiber to form a horizontal optical path, thereby solving the optical fiber dispersion problem. The optical signal after deflection by the dispersion-compensating optical fiber enters the working cavity, passes through the lithium niobate crystal, and is output from the other side of the connection end, thus realizing optical fiber coupling.

[0016] When the signal distribution ratio of multiple optical fibers needs to be adjusted, the micro-motor is driven to rotate the threaded rod. At this time, the threaded rod can drive the clamp to move back and forth, and the clamp also acts on the working cavity, causing the shape of the working cavity to deflect. At this time, the optical signal input from the connection end is misaligned with the output side channel of the connection end, thereby preliminarily changing the output ratio of the optical signal. When the signal ratio needs to be further adjusted, power is supplied to the electrode to cause the electrode to work, thereby acting on the lithium niobate crystal, causing the refractive index of the lithium niobate crystal to change, thereby further changing the optical signal output angle, thereby further realizing the distribution ratio of the output signal.

[0017] When the housing is working, a lot of heat will accumulate inside it. At this time, the cooling fan is driven to blow outside air in, so as to discharge the internal heat and ensure the continuous operation of the fiber optic coupler. The air inhaled by the cooling fan will first pass through the middle of the dustproof net. At this time, the dust and impurities carried by the air will be blocked by the dustproof net, thereby preventing dust from entering and extending the service life of the fiber optic coupler.

[0018] The present invention provides a dispersion-free fiber coupler suitable for dual light sources. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. This invention effectively compensates for dispersion during optical signal transmission by deflecting dispersion-compensating optical fibers, thereby maintaining signal integrity and stability. Furthermore, a micromotor and threaded rod are used to adjust the shape of the working cavity, enabling preliminary adjustments to the optical signal output ratio. Furthermore, by adjusting the refractive index of the lithium niobate crystal, the output angle of the optical signal is precisely controlled, thereby optimizing the distribution ratio of multiple optical fiber signals and meeting the requirements of multi-wavelength optical signals.

[0020] 2. In this invention, heat accumulated inside the housing is promptly dissipated by the cooling fan, ensuring the continued stable operation of the fiber coupler. Furthermore, the air drawn in by the cooling fan is filtered through a dust screen, preventing dust and impurities from entering the fiber coupler. This reduces dust accumulation inside the device, extending its service life and improving its long-term stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion of the structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the dustproof net of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the working chamber of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0026] Among them, 1. Outer shell; 2. Connecting tube; 3. Connecting end; 4. Working chamber; 5. Lithium niobate crystal; 6. Micro motor; 7. Threaded rod; 8. Clamp; 9. Electrode; 10. Cable; 11. Installation cavity; 12. Cooling fan; 13. Housing; 14. Dustproof net; 15. Block; 16. Spring; 17. Insert block; 18. Slot; 19. Operation port; 20. Dispersion-compensating optical fiber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the specification of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Example: Please see the attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 5 An embodiment of the present invention provides a dispersion-free fiber coupler suitable for dual light sources, including a shell 1, a plurality of connecting tubes 2 for optical fiber connection are installed at the end of the shell 1, a working cavity 4 and a connecting end 3 connected to the working cavity 4 are installed inside the shell 1, after the optical fiber is connected to the connecting tube 2, the fiber core is located inside the connecting end 3, and the optical fiber line is connected to the shell 1 through the connecting tube 2. After the connection is completed, the optical fiber core is inserted into the connecting end 3, and the optical signal input from the connecting end 3 enters the working cavity 4 for coupling, and a dispersion-compensating optical fiber 20 for dispersion adjustment is installed inside the connecting end 3. The optical signal input from the connecting end 3 forms a horizontal optical path through the deflection of the dispersion-compensating optical fiber 20, thereby solving the optical fiber dispersion problem, and an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the optical fiber signal distribution ratio is installed inside the working cavity 4. The adjustment mechanism is used to change the proportion of multiple optical signal output lines, thereby adapting to the needs of different light sources and signal output requirements. The adjustment mechanism includes a micro motor 6, a threaded rod 7 and two clamps 8. The micro motor 6 is installed inside the housing 1, the threaded rod 7 is installed at the output end of the micro motor 6, the two clamps 8 are threadedly connected to the outside of the threaded rod 7, and the working chamber 4 is clamped between the two clamps 8. When the signal distribution ratio of multiple optical fibers needs to be adjusted, the micro motor 6 is driven to drive the threaded rod 7 to rotate. At this time, the threaded rod 7 can drive the clamps 8 to move back and forth. The clamps 8 also act on the working chamber 4, causing the shape of the working chamber 4 to deflect. At this time, the passage of the working chamber 4 also changes. At this time, the optical signal input from the connection end 3 is misaligned with the output side channel of the connection end 3, thereby preliminarily changing the output ratio of the optical signal.

[0029] Please see the attached Figure 4 The adjustment mechanism also includes a lithium niobate crystal 5 and an electrode 9. The lithium niobate crystal 5 is mounted within the working chamber 4, and the electrode 9 is mounted in the middle of a clamping block 8. The lithium niobate crystal 5 and the electrode 9 are arranged in parallel. A cable 10 is connected to the outside of the housing 1, and the cable 10 communicates with the micromotor 6 and the electrode 9. Changing the shape of the passageway in the working chamber 4 by moving the clamping block 8 can only roughly change the signal distribution. When more precise distribution is required, the electrode 9 can be activated by supplying power to it, thereby changing the refractive index of the lithium niobate crystal 5, thereby further adjusting the output angle of the optical signal and achieving a further distribution of the output signal ratio.

[0030] Please see the attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 3 A heat dissipation component for dissipating heat from the body is installed on the outside of the shell 1. When the shell 1 is working, a lot of heat will accumulate inside it. At this time, the heat is discharged through the operation of the heat dissipation component. The heat dissipation component includes a heat dissipation fan 12. The heat dissipation fan 12 is installed on the side wall of the shell 1 and is connected to the internal cavity of the shell 1. The heat dissipation operation is achieved by sucking in air through the operation of the heat dissipation fan 12 and replacing the hot air inside the shell 1. An installation cavity 11 is provided on the outside of the shell 1. The heat dissipation fan 12 is installed in the middle of the installation cavity 11. The heat dissipation fan 12 is placed through the installation cavity 11, and the positioning and installation of the heat dissipation fan 12 are convenient. The middle of the installation cavity 11 is connected to a shell 13 through a snap-fit ​​component. The shell 13 can be quickly installed and disassembled through the snap-fit ​​component to improve assembly efficiency. A dustproof net 14 is installed in the middle of the shell 13. The dustproof net 14 blocks dust and impurities carried in the air to prevent them from entering the interior of the shell 1.

[0031] Please see the attached Figure 3 and attached Figure 5The snap assembly includes a block 15, which is fixedly connected to the side of the housing 13 near the outer shell 1. A slot 18 is provided on the outside of the housing 1, and the block 15 engages with the slot 18. When installing the housing 13, the block 15 and the slot 18 must first be aligned, and then the housing 13 is pressed toward the housing 1 so that the outer surface of the housing 13 is flush with the edge of the installation cavity 11. A spring 16 is installed inside the housing 1, and an insert 17 is fixedly installed at the other end of the spring 16. After the block 15 is inserted into the slot 18, the insert 17 and the block 15 engage. After the block 15 enters the slot 18, it first acts on the insert 17, and the spring 16 is also squeezed and deformed. As the block 15 continues to enter, when the insert 17 reaches the notch of the block 15, the spring 16 acts to force the insert 17 into the notch, thus completing the snap operation of the housing 13. An operating port 19 is provided on the outside of the shell 13 for removing the shell 13 from the outside of the outer shell 1. When the shell 13 needs to be removed for cleaning or replacement, a tool is inserted into the operating port 19 and then lifted upward, which can simultaneously lift the block 15 upward and break away from the restriction of the insert block 17, thereby completing the disassembly of the shell 13.

[0032] As part of this application, this technical solution addresses the problem that traditional fiber couplers cannot dynamically adjust the distribution ratio of output fibers. A control system combining dispersion-compensating fiber and lithium niobate crystals is proposed. This control system can achieve dispersion compensation for optical signals of different wavelengths in a dual-light source system and dynamic adjustment of optical signals between output fibers. The control system includes:

[0033] Dispersion Compensation Module: A key component of the control system, the dispersion compensation module optimizes the transmission of optical signals of different wavelengths within the fiber coupler. By utilizing dispersion-compensating fiber, the module effectively reduces signal distortion caused by dispersion, ensuring stable and synchronized transmission of light sources of different wavelengths. This is particularly important for multi-wavelength light source systems, particularly when operating simultaneously with 840nm and 1310nm light sources, enabling dispersion compensation and optimized signal quality.

[0034] In this embodiment, the dispersion compensation module optimizes the synchronous transmission of optical signals in the 840nm and 1310nm bands by precisely controlling the configuration of the dispersion-compensating fiber within the fiber coupler. The dispersion-compensating fiber is positioned between the input and output ends of the fiber coupler. Its primary function is to minimize distortion during transmission of signals in each wavelength band by adjusting the dispersion characteristics of the optical signal. Specifically, the length, type, and refractive index of the dispersion-compensating fiber are optimized based on the wavelength characteristics of the actual light source and the system's operating requirements to achieve optimal dispersion compensation.

[0035] Dispersion-compensating fiber is a type of fiber specifically designed to compensate for chromatic dispersion, typically composed of fibers with specialized materials and structures. In this embodiment, the design of the dispersion-compensating fiber should be optimized based on the wavelength range of the input optical signal and operating conditions to ensure effective compensation for waveform distortion caused by the dispersion effect of light waves. The refractive index profile and fiber length of the dispersion-compensating fiber significantly affect its dispersion compensation capability, so the appropriate selection of these parameters must be considered during design.

[0036] Specifically, the dispersion characteristics of dispersion-compensating optical fiber can be calculated using the following formula:

[0037]

[0038] Where: D(λ) represents dispersion in ps / (nm·km); c is the speed of light in m / s; λ is the wavelength of light in nm; and β is the propagation constant of the optical fiber, which depends on the structure and material of the optical fiber.

[0039] The design goal of dispersion-compensating fiber is to match the dispersion characteristics of the compensating fiber with those of the input signal, thereby achieving optimal dispersion compensation. For example, in a multi-wavelength fiber coupler, optical signals in the 840nm and 1310nm bands may experience time domain misalignment or waveform distortion due to dispersion effects. Using properly designed dispersion-compensating fiber can effectively alleviate these problems and ensure signal quality.

[0040] In this embodiment, the length of the dispersion-compensating fiber is selected based on the light source wavelength, signal transmission distance, and system requirements. To accommodate signals of varying wavelengths, the length of the dispersion-compensating fiber is adjusted appropriately. Generally, longer fibers provide greater compensation, but introduce greater optical loss. Therefore, a balance must be struck between compensation and loss during design.

[0041] As an option, the length of the dispersion-compensating fiber can be adjusted by a control system. This system measures the dispersion effects of the input optical signal in real time and adjusts the length or configuration of the dispersion-compensating fiber based on the measured results. This adjustment is automated, ensuring optimal performance under varying light sources and operating conditions.

[0042] Specifically, the dispersion-compensating optical fiber used in the present invention typically features a low-dispersion or zero-dispersion design and is suitable for optical signals in the 840nm and 1310nm bands. Different types of dispersion-compensating optical fibers can be selected based on the requirements of different light sources. For example, non-zero dispersion-shifted optical fibers or standard single-mode optical fibers can both be used as dispersion-compensating optical fibers. Different types of optical fibers are suitable for different application scenarios, so the selection should be based on the specific optical signal and transmission environment.

[0043] In one possible implementation, the dispersion-compensating fiber uses photonic crystal fiber, which offers greater flexibility and adjustability, allowing for optimized design based on the wavelength characteristics of the light source. Photonic crystal fiber structurally offers improved adjustability, enabling effective dispersion compensation within a smaller footprint.

[0044] In this embodiment, the effectiveness of the dispersion-compensating fiber is regulated by a real-time feedback control system. During system operation, an optical power sensor monitors the quality of the input optical signal in real time and provides feedback to the control system based on the measurement results. Based on this feedback, the control system adjusts the configuration or length of the dispersion-compensating fiber to ensure optimal compensation during optical signal transmission. This dynamic adjustment allows the system to adapt to light sources of varying wavelengths and powers, ensuring the signal quality of the output fiber.

[0045] To further improve the performance of dispersion-compensating optical fibers, this embodiment provides a specific calculation formula for the dispersion compensation capability of dispersion-compensating optical fibers:

[0046]

[0047] Where: D comp Indicates the compensation capability of dispersion-compensating fiber; L fiber is the length of the dispersion-compensating fiber; D(λ) is the chromatic dispersion, which varies based on the fiber's refractive index and wavelength.

[0048] This calculation method can help optimize the configuration of the compensation fiber and ensure that the system can maintain the best dispersion compensation effect in actual operation.

[0049] The dispersion compensation module in this embodiment effectively compensates for signal distortion caused by dispersion effects through the precise configuration of dispersion-compensating optical fibers, ensuring high-quality transmission of optical signals in the 840nm and 1310nm bands within the fiber coupler. The design of the dispersion-compensating optical fibers takes into account wavelength, transmission distance, and optical signal characteristics. A real-time feedback control system dynamically adjusts the configuration or length of the dispersion-compensating optical fibers to minimize signal distortion. Through the implementation of these technical solutions, the present invention can provide more stable and efficient optical signal transmission in multi-wavelength light source systems.

[0050] Electro-optical modulation module: The design of the electro-optical modulation module is a key component of the present invention, used to dynamically adjust the distribution ratio of the output optical signal from the fiber coupler. By using a lithium niobate crystal, the electro-optical modulator can precisely control the optical power distribution at the output port through the application of an external electric field. This module design enables the effective management of different wavelength signals in a multi-light source system, especially in scenarios where light sources in the 840nm and 1310nm bands are operating simultaneously, ensuring that the output optical signal is distributed in the required ratio, thereby improving the overall stability and performance of the system.

[0051] In this embodiment, the electro-optic modulation module utilizes lithium niobate crystals as its core material, leveraging the electro-optic effect to dynamically adjust the optical signal distribution ratio between the output fibers of the fiber coupler. Lithium niobate crystals possess excellent electro-optical properties, capable of altering the refractive index of light under the influence of an electric field, thereby regulating the intensity of the optical signal. By adjusting the electric field strength within the electro-optic modulator, the system precisely controls the power distribution ratio within the output fibers, thereby achieving flexible signal distribution within the fiber coupler.

[0052] Electro-optic modulators utilize the electro-optic effect. When an electric field is applied to a lithium niobate crystal, the refractive index of light changes. Specifically, there is a linear relationship between the refractive index n of the lithium niobate crystal and the electric field E. The electro-optic effect is described by the following formula:

[0053] n=n0+r·E

[0054] Where: n0 is the conventional refractive index of lithium niobate crystal; r is the electro-optic coefficient, which represents the response intensity of lithium niobate crystal to electric field; E is the electric field intensity applied to the crystal.

[0055] By adjusting the electric field E, the propagation speed and refractive index of light change, thereby affecting the distribution ratio of the optical signal in the fiber coupler. Based on the actual control signal, the system can precisely adjust the light intensity at the output port to ensure ideal power distribution between different light sources.

[0056] The control signals for the EO modulator are generated by a control system, typically a microcontroller or digital signal processor. These signals are converted to voltages by a digital-to-analog converter, driving the electric field intensity within the EO modulator. These signals are dynamically matched to the power and wavelength of the input optical signal in the fiber coupler, ensuring that the signal ratio between the output ports can be flexibly adjusted as needed during operation.

[0057] In one possible implementation, the control system uses real-time feedback from optical power monitoring signals to adjust the electric field strength of the electro-optical modulator, thereby achieving precise power distribution. For example, if the optical power sensor detects that the signal from a certain output fiber is too strong, the system will reduce the corresponding electric field strength, thereby reducing the power at that output port. Conversely, if the signal is too strong, the system will increase the electric field strength to allocate more optical signal to that output port.

[0058] In some embodiments, electro-optic modulators can be used to adjust the power distribution of multiple wavelength light sources. For example, in a dual-light source system, optical signals at 840nm and 1310nm are transmitted through a fiber coupler. Due to the different spectral characteristics of the two wavelengths, traditional fixed-ratio fiber couplers cannot achieve ideal power distribution at these two wavelengths. Using an electro-optic modulation module, the system can automatically adjust the power distribution of the two at the output port based on the characteristics of the different wavelength light sources.

[0059] Specifically, the lithium niobate electro-optic modulator used in this embodiment has efficient modulation capabilities, enabling rapid response to electric field changes during optical signal transmission, enabling fine signal modulation. To enhance the performance of the electro-optic modulator, it can be combined with a high-frequency switching power supply to ensure efficient and accurate transmission of the modulation signal to the modulator.

[0060] In some embodiments, the electric field strength range of the electro-optic modulator may be designed to be 0V to 100V to accommodate the modulation requirements of optical signals of different intensities. With this design, the system can flexibly modulate the output signals of light sources of different wavelengths and powers.

[0061] In this embodiment, the feedback mechanism is crucial for ensuring precise regulation of the electro-optical modulation module. The control system automatically adjusts the electric field strength of the electro-optical modulator by monitoring the optical power sensor's data in real time. The feedback control system precisely calculates the difference between the feedback signal and the set target and adjusts the output fiber allocation ratio, ensuring stability during dynamic regulation.

[0062] Specifically, when the control system detects that the optical signal strength at a particular output port is below the target value, it increases the electric field strength of the electro-optical modulator based on the feedback signal, thereby improving the signal strength at that port. Conversely, if the signal at a particular port is too strong, the system automatically reduces the electric field strength and adjusts the power distribution to ensure balanced signal distribution.

[0063] The electro-optical modulation module of the present invention utilizes a lithium niobate electro-optical modulator to dynamically adjust the output optical signal distribution ratio within a fiber coupler. The electro-optical modulator utilizes the electro-optic effect to adjust the power distribution ratio at the output port by controlling the electric field intensity, ensuring the system can flexibly and accurately distribute optical signals. In practice, the electro-optical modulation module closely collaborates with the control system and feedback control mechanism to ensure that the light source signal can be precisely adjusted according to demand. This design enables the system to achieve optimal optical signal distribution in multi-light source applications, optimizing the performance and stability of the fiber coupler.

[0064] Feedback Control System: The feedback control system plays a crucial role in the fiber coupler of this invention. Its primary goal is to monitor the optical signal strength at the output ports in real time and, based on this feedback, adjust the operating state of the electro-optical modulation module to precisely control the distribution of the optical signal between the output ports. By collaborating with the electro-optical modulation module and the dispersion compensation module, the feedback control system ensures optimal operating conditions at all times, enabling dynamic adjustment of the output signal distribution.

[0065] In this embodiment, the feedback control system collects real-time optical power data from the output port, analyzes the signal strength, and transmits this information to the control module. Based on the feedback signal, the control system automatically adjusts the electric field strength of the electro-optical modulation module to ensure that the output signal distribution meets the system's requirements. This system utilizes efficient optical power sensors and sophisticated control algorithms, enabling real-time response to changes and dynamic adjustment of system parameters.

[0066] One of the core elements of a feedback control system is an optical power sensor. This sensor monitors the signal strength at each output port in real time and provides feedback to the control system. These sensors are typically deployed on the optical fiber at the output port to monitor the intensity of the optical signal flowing through the fiber. The power data output by the sensor is transmitted to the control system via analog or digital signals. This data serves as the basis for the control system to adjust the electric field strength of the electro-optical modulation module.

[0067] In one possible implementation, the signal output by the optical power sensor is converted into a digital signal by an analog-to-digital converter. The digital signal is compared with a set power allocation target by a signal processing module to generate a control signal.

[0068] The control system calculates the parameters necessary to adjust the electric field strength based on the difference between the feedback optical power signal and the set target. Using a real-time control algorithm, the system continuously adjusts the electric field strength of the electro-optical modulation module to precisely meet the power distribution requirements of the output ports. For example, if the optical power sensor detects excessive optical power at a particular port, the system automatically reduces the electric field strength at that port, reducing its signal power. If the optical power at another port is low, the system increases the electric field strength at that port, enhancing signal distribution.

[0069] The feedback mechanism of the control system is based on the difference calculation, namely:

[0070] ΔP=P target -P measured

[0071] Where: ΔP is the power difference, that is, the difference between the target power and the actual measured power; P target is the set power allocation target; P measured is the actual power value fed back by the sensor.

[0072] The control system adjusts the electric field intensity E of the electro-optic modulator according to the calculated difference so that the output power gradually approaches the set target.

[0073] In some embodiments, the control system uses a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control algorithm, which can more accurately adjust the distribution ratio of the output light signal. The PID controller is controlled by the following formula:

[0074]

[0075] Where: u(t) is the control signal output by the system, which drives the electric field strength of the electro-optic modulator; e(t) is the error between the set target and the actual measured power; K p ,K i ,K d are the proportional, integral and differential control coefficients respectively; t is time.

[0076] In this algorithm, the proportional part K p For direct response error, integral part K i It is used to eliminate the long-term accumulated error, and the differential part K d By adjusting these three parameters, the PID controller can effectively control the power distribution of the output port to gradually reach the target.

[0077] To ensure real-time response in feedback control systems, data transmission and signal processing between the control system and the sensor must have low latency. In one possible implementation, the system uses a high-speed data bus and processing unit to ensure rapid adjustment to changes in the input signal. Specifically, the control system's calculation time should be less than the response time of the optical power sensor to ensure real-time performance.

[0078] As an option, the control system can also optimize control performance through an adaptive control algorithm. The adaptive control algorithm can automatically adjust the PID control parameters according to different operating conditions, so that the system maintains stable regulation under varying light source power and wavelength conditions.

[0079] The feedback control system in this embodiment achieves highly precise power distribution by continuously adjusting the electric field strength of the electro-optical modulation module. Typically, the system can achieve milliwatt-level accuracy, enabling precise power control. Furthermore, the stability of the feedback control system is fully guaranteed. The control algorithm continuously adjusts the output optical signal in real time, ensuring that the system always maintains the set operating state, avoiding power fluctuations or signal loss.

[0080] In specific implementation, through appropriate adjustment and optimization, the system can automatically adjust the optical signal distribution ratio of the output optical fiber according to different light source power and wavelength characteristics to maintain efficient operation of the system.

[0081] The feedback control system of the present invention dynamically adjusts the electric field intensity of the electro-optical modulation module by real-time monitoring of the output optical power, combined with a precise control algorithm, to optimize the distribution ratio of the optical signal. This system can rapidly respond to changes within the system, ensuring accurate and stable signal distribution in a multi-light source system. By utilizing an optical power sensor, a PID control algorithm, and an adaptive control mechanism, the feedback control system provides reliable signal regulation under varying operating conditions, ensuring efficient system operation.

[0082] Power Management System: In this invention, the power management system is fundamental to ensuring the normal and efficient operation of each module in the fiber coupler. The system is designed to provide a stable and adaptable power supply to core components such as the electro-optical modulation module, feedback control system, and dispersion compensation module. The stability of the power management system directly impacts the performance of the entire control system, especially in the case of multiple light sources and dynamic regulation, ensuring that the power supply to each module does not fluctuate or interfere.

[0083] In this embodiment, the power management system integrates multiple power modules to provide the required power to each key component. Different modules in the system (such as the electro-optical modulation module, optical power sensor, and control system) have their own voltage and power requirements. Therefore, the power management system utilizes a variety of technologies, including DC-DC converters, regulated power supplies, and filtering devices, to ensure stable power support.

[0084] A power management system typically consists of a power input unit, a power distribution unit, and a protection unit. The power input unit draws power from an external power source (such as an AC power source) or a high-efficiency DC power adapter. A DC-DC converter converts the input power into a stable voltage suitable for each module.

[0085] Power Input Unit: This unit typically converts external power to DC power and performs preliminary voltage regulation. To ensure reliable system operation, this unit must support various power supply specifications and be able to handle fluctuations in AC power to ensure stable system operation.

[0086] DC-DC Converter: As the core of the power management system, the DC-DC converter adjusts the output voltage according to the voltage requirements of each module. The control system, dispersion compensation module, and electro-optical modulator often require different voltages. Therefore, the DC-DC converter distributes the input power to multiple output voltages (such as 5V, 12V, and higher). Alternatively, the system can use an isolated DC-DC converter, which provides electromagnetic isolation to prevent power interference between different modules.

[0087] Regulated power supply and filtering: In some embodiments, a regulated power supply is used to further ensure power supply stability. This ensures that each module can operate stably at the required voltage, particularly for modules such as electro-optical modulators, sensors, and control systems that require high voltage stability. To reduce noise, the power supply system is equipped with a low-noise filter to prevent unwanted interference from the power supply from affecting system performance.

[0088] Different fiber coupler modules have different power requirements, so the power management system needs to be adapted to the module's characteristics. Specifically, the electro-optical modulation module requires a higher voltage (typically 50V to 100V) to drive the electro-optic modulator to generate a sufficiently strong electric field to adjust the optical signal distribution ratio. The control system and feedback control modules typically require a lower voltage (such as 5V or 12V) to support their signal processing and control functions.

[0089] Power Requirements of the Electro-Optical Modulator: In this embodiment, the electro-optical modulator has unique power requirements. To ensure efficient operation of the electro-optical modulator, the system uses a high-voltage DC power supply. This power supply unit generates a stable voltage to power the electro-optical modulator via a DC-DC converter. Because the electro-optical modulator is sensitive to electric fields, power supply stability is crucial. The power management system ensures accurate and stable voltage output through a voltage regulator and filtering devices.

[0090] Power requirements of the control system: The control system requires a low voltage power supply, usually 5V DC. This voltage can be provided by an integrated DC-DC converter, which converts the input power voltage into the required 5V to ensure the normal operation of the control system.

[0091] A power management system not only provides power but also provides protection, ensuring the system is protected from faults such as overvoltage, overcurrent, and overtemperature. Typically, a power management system includes overcurrent protection circuits, overvoltage protection circuits, and overtemperature protection circuits. These protection circuits effectively prevent damage to equipment caused by power anomalies.

[0092] Overcurrent protection: When a module or power supply experiences a short circuit or fault, the power management system's overcurrent protection circuitry immediately shuts off the current to prevent damage to other components. This circuit typically uses a current detection and feedback mechanism, triggering the protection mechanism if it detects that the current exceeds a safe range.

[0093] Overvoltage protection: In the event of abnormal voltage input, the power management system monitors the voltage level and protects system stability by adjusting the power supply or switching to a backup power source. This protection measure detects the feedback signal from the voltage sensor and switches the power source or reduces the voltage according to the set threshold.

[0094] Overheat protection: To prevent power supply damage caused by overheating, a temperature sensor is integrated into the power management system. When the system temperature exceeds a predetermined range, the temperature control module will take active cooling measures or cut off the power supply.

[0095] In some embodiments, the power management system also features a power monitoring interface, allowing users or remote systems to view the power supply status in real time. Through the integrated monitoring system, users can understand the power supply's output voltage and current, as well as the power consumption of each module. Furthermore, the power management system supports remote control and regulation, adjusting the voltage output as needed to optimize system performance.

[0096] For example, a power monitoring module can connect to a control system via a communications bus, such as I²C or CAN. This interface allows the control system to obtain information about the power supply's status and make appropriate adjustments. If the system detects a power failure or voltage deviation, the monitoring module can automatically trigger an alarm or switch to a backup power source.

[0097] The power management system of the present invention integrates multiple power modules to provide a stable and reliable power supply for each key component. It employs a variety of technologies, including DC-DC converters, voltage-stabilized power supplies, and filtering devices, to ensure that each module operates efficiently and stably at its required voltage. Through overcurrent, overvoltage, and overheating protection circuits, the power management system effectively prevents damage caused by power supply anomalies. A power monitoring and management interface enables users to monitor power status in real time and remotely adjust the power supply. Through these designs, the power management system provides a solid guarantee for the stable operation of the entire fiber optic coupler system.

[0098] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A dispersion-free fiber coupler adapted for dual light sources, comprising a housing (1), characterized in that: A plurality of connecting tubes (2) for connecting optical fibers are installed at the end of the housing (1); a working cavity (4) and a connecting end (3) connected to the working cavity (4) are installed inside the housing (1); after the optical fiber is connected to the connecting tube (2), the fiber core is located inside the connecting end (3); an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the optical fiber signal distribution ratio is installed inside the working cavity (4); and a heat dissipation component for dissipating heat from the body is installed outside the housing (1); The adjustment mechanism comprises a micro motor (6), a threaded rod (7) and two clamping blocks (8); the micro motor (6) is mounted inside the housing (1); the threaded rod (7) is mounted at the output end of the micro motor (6); the two clamping blocks (8) are threadedly connected to the outside of the threaded rod (7); and the working chamber (4) is clamped between the two clamping blocks (8); The regulating mechanism further comprises a lithium niobate crystal (5) and an electrode (9), wherein the lithium niobate crystal (5) is mounted in the inner cavity of the working chamber (4), and the electrode (9) is mounted in the middle of the clamping block (8), and the lithium niobate crystal (5) and the electrode (9) are arranged in parallel.

2. The dispersion-free fiber coupler adapted for dual light sources according to claim 1, characterized in that: A dispersion compensating optical fiber (20) for performing dispersion adjustment is installed inside the connection end (3).

3. The dispersion-free fiber coupler adapted for dual light sources according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation assembly comprises a heat dissipation fan (12), which is mounted on a side wall of the housing (1) and communicates with an internal cavity of the housing (1).

4. The dispersion-free fiber coupler adapted for dual light sources according to claim 3, characterized in that: An installation cavity (11) is provided on the outside of the housing (1), the cooling fan (12) is installed in the middle of the installation cavity (11), the middle of the installation cavity (11) is connected to a shell (13) via a snap-fit ​​assembly, and a dustproof net (14) is installed in the middle of the shell (13).

5. The dispersion-free fiber coupler adapted for dual light sources according to claim 4, characterized in that: The snap assembly comprises a card block (15), the card block (15) being fixedly connected to a side of the housing (13) close to the outer shell (1), a slot (18) being provided on the outer side of the outer shell (1), and the card block (15) being snap-connected with the slot (18).

6. The dispersion-free fiber coupler adapted for dual light sources according to claim 5, characterized in that: A spring (16) is installed inside the housing (1), and an inserting block (17) is fixedly installed on the other end of the spring (16). After the clamping block (15) is inserted into the slot (18), the inserting block (17) and the clamping block (15) are engaged with each other.

7. The dispersion-free fiber coupler adapted for dual light sources according to claim 5, characterized in that: An operating port (19) is provided on the outside of the shell (13) for removing the shell (13) from the outside of the housing (1).

8. The dispersion-free fiber coupler adapted for dual light sources according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cable (10) is connected to the outside of the housing (1), and the cable (10) is in communication with the micro motor (6) and the electrode (9).

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