An intelligent control method for the pre-flood water level drawdown of a controlled reservoir group

Abstract

The present invention provides a smart control method for the pre-flood drawdown water levels of a controlled reservoir group, including establishing the drawdown characteristic parameters of the reservoir group and a long-term hydrological data set, simulating the long-term operation drawdown process of the reservoir group, screening the drawdown process sets of different frequency segments of high flow, normal flow, and low flow, extracting the upper and lower envelope lines of the drawdown processes of the reservoir group in different frequency bands, and constructing a smart control rule base for the pre-flood drawdown process of the reservoir group; the beneficial effects are as follows: By constructing a smart control rule base for the pre-flood drawdown process of the reservoir group, while giving full play to the water resource regulation ability of the reservoir group between wet and dry seasons, a smart control rule for the drawdown water levels of the reservoir group is provided to cope with different inflow conditions of high flow, normal flow, and low flow and the water level change trends at different stages during the drawdown period, effectively meeting the requirements for improving the water security and energy security guarantee capabilities in the face of frequent extreme events such as consecutive droughts in winter, spring, and summer and rapid alternation of drought and flood in the new situation, and providing technical support for the safe and efficient utilization of water resources in the new stage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of optimized operation of reservoir groups in river basins during the dry season, and particularly to a method for intelligently controlling the pre-flood water level drawdown of a controlled reservoir group. Background Art

[0002] Improving the ability of the river basin to ensure supply in winter and spring and to welcome the flood season and summer is an important link in ensuring the safety of power supply and water supply in the river basin. Affected by environmental factors, the power generation of wind and solar energy has characteristics such as volatility, intermittency, and randomness. The large-scale grid connection of wind and solar energy has brought new challenges to the peak regulation and safe and stable operation of the power system. Affected by multiple aspects such as the energy pattern, climate change, underlying surface change, and construction and operation of water projects, significant changes have occurred in rainfall, water level, and engineering conditions. The practical requirements for the joint optimized regulation of reservoir groups and the guarantee of energy security are extremely urgent.

[0003] When studying and implementing the control of the pre-flood water level drawdown of cascade reservoir groups during the dry season and exploring the rolling regulation method of cascade reservoir groups during the dry season, it is also necessary to determine the threshold conditions for the water level drawdown control indicators of the controlled reservoir group for different incoming water frequency bands of high, normal, and low flows on the premise of meeting the regional power supply safety and basin water supply safety. Therefore, it is urgent to consider the overall and phased differences in the incoming water volume during the drawdown period and carry out the design of the intelligent control rules for the pre-flood water level drawdown of the controlled reservoir group.

[0004] Problems Existing in the Prior Art:

[0005] When considering the operation of reservoirs during the dry season, the prior art mainly conducts research on individual reservoirs or cascade reservoirs with the same investment entity, and rarely conducts discussions on a large spatio-temporal scale with the river basin reservoir group as a whole. Moreover, it faces new situations that are difficult to adapt to the major pattern changes such as the construction of the national water network and the construction of new wind and solar energy, as well as the changes in the climate and water conditions of the entire river basin;

[0006] When considering the water level drawdown method of reservoir groups during the dry season, the prior art mostly conducts regulation according to the needs of the power grid and the energy side, rarely considers the response relationship between the water level change rate of the reservoir and different incoming water conditions of high, normal, and low flows, and does not establish a systematic intelligent control rule for the pre-flood water level drawdown of the reservoir group for the water level change trends in different stages of the drawdown period. There is still a certain gap from the requirements of strengthening the unified joint regulation of water projects in the river basin, strengthening the regulation of water resources between rich and dry regions across regions, and safely and efficiently utilizing water resources in the new era. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for intelligently controlling the pre-flood water level drawdown of a controlled reservoir group in view of the deficiencies of the above prior art, so as to provide technical support for the operation of reservoir groups in the river basin during the dry season and the pre-flood water level drawdown.

[0008] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] The present invention provides a method for intelligent control of the pre-flood drawdown levels of a controlled reservoir group, comprising the following steps:

[0010] S1. Establish the drawdown characteristic parameters of the reservoir group and the long-term hydrological data set :

[0011] S2. Simulate the long-term drawdown process of the reservoir group :

[0012] S3. Screen the drawdown process sets for different frequency segments of wet, normal, and dry years :

[0013] S4. Extract the upper and lower envelope curves of the drawdown processes of the reservoir group for different frequency bands:

[0014] S5. Construct an intelligent control rule base for the pre-flood drawdown process of the reservoir group.

[0015] Furthermore, the specific content of S1 is as follows:

[0016] According to the reservoir group operation regulations or design results, extract the normal storage level , dead storage level , limit drawdown level , regulation storage capacity , storage capacity corresponding to the normal storage level , minimum discharge control index , power grid transmission capacity , water level-storage capacity curve , discharge capacity curve , maximum pre-outlet capacity curve ; establish a set of drawdown characteristic parameters for the reservoir group ; meanwhile, use the long-term inflow , sectional inflow , downstream discharge from upstream reservoirs observation data of each reservoir to form a long-term hydrological data set :

[0017] ;

[0018] wherein, is the th reservoir; is the number of reservoirs in the cascade reservoir group.

[0019] Furthermore, the specific content of S2 is as follows: According to the drawdown period operation objectives and operation regulations of the reservoir group, through the inflow , minimum discharge control index , power grid transmission capacity , maximum pre-outlet capacity ;Calculate step by step from upstream to downstream, and analyze and calculate the discharge of each reservoir , the water level in front of the dam , the output , the water supply flow , the water level drop during the time period , and then form a long series of reservoir group regulation and water level drop process scenario libraries ;

[0020] ;

[0021] Among them, is the discharge capacity of the water level in front of the dam ; is the maximum pre-conceived output of the water level in front of the dam .

[0022] Furthermore, the specific content of S3 is as follows:

[0023] Combined with the results of the long series of reservoir group regulation and water level drop process scenario libraries , analyze the maximum water level drop rate and the regulation time period , the minimum water level drop rate and the regulation time period , the average water level drop rate , the water level drop rate in the first half and the first incoming water volume , the water level drop rate in the second half and the second incoming water volume of the process characteristic index set , and select the reservoir group water level drop process sets in different frequency segments of abundant, normal, and dry years according to the empirical frequencies of each year in the long series :

[0024] ;

[0025] ;

[0026] ;

[0027] ;

[0028] ;

[0029] Among them, is the reservoir group water level drop process set in different frequency segments of the th reservoir; is the water level drop process set in the high-water frequency segment of the th reservoir; is the water level drop process set in the normal-water frequency segment of the th reservoir; is the drawdown level process set for the th reservoir's low water frequency period; is the drawdown level process for the th reservoir in the th high water year; is the characteristic index set for the drawdown level process of the th reservoir in the th high water year; is the high water year set, is the number of high water years; is the drawdown level process set for the th reservoir's normal water frequency period; is the drawdown level process for the th reservoir in the th normal water year; is the characteristic index set for the drawdown level process of the th reservoir in the th normal water year; is the normal water year set; is the drawdown level process set for the th reservoir's low water frequency period; is the drawdown level process for the th reservoir in the th low water year; is the characteristic index set for the drawdown level process of the th reservoir in the th low water year; is the low water year set; is the number of low water years; is the characteristic index set for the drawdown level process of the th reservoir in the th year; belongs to when it is a high water year; belongs to when it is a normal water year; belongs to when it is a low water year.

[0030] Furthermore, the specific content of S4 is as follows:

[0031] Based on S3, respectively extract the highest drawdown level and the lowest drawdown level at each time period in the high, normal, and low water frequency periods to form the upper and lower envelope lines of the drawdown level process of the reservoir group in different frequency bands ; ;

[0032] ;

[0033] U _ U w L ( t ) = max [ W _ Zl 1 ( t ) , … , W _ Zl w ( t ) , … , W _ Zl W ( t ) ] L _ UL w ( t ) = min [ W _ Zl 1 ( t ) , … , W _ Zl w ( t ) , … , W _ Zl W ( t ) ] U _ UL m ( t ) = max [ M _ Zl 1 ( t ) , … , M _ Zl m ( t ) , … , M _ Zl M ( t ) ] L _ UL m ( t ) = min [ M _ Zl 1 ( t ) , … , M _ Zl m ( t ) , … , M _ Zl M ( t ) ] U _ UL l ( t ) = max [ L _ Zl 1 ( t ) , … , L _ Zl l ( t ) , … , L _ Zl M ( t ) ] L _ UL l ( t ) = min [ L _ Zl 1 ( t ) , … , L _ Zl l ( t ) , … , L _ Zl M ( t ) ] ;

[0034] Among them, is the th time period within the scheduling period; and are respectively the highest drawdown level and the lowest drawdown level of the th reservoir in the th wet year at the th time period; is the drawdown level boundary line of the th reservoir in the wet year frequency band; is the drawdown level boundary line of the th reservoir in the normal year frequency band; are respectively the highest drawdown level and the lowest drawdown level of the th reservoir in the th normal year at the th time period; and are respectively the highest drawdown level and the lowest drawdown level of the th reservoir in the th dry year at the th time period; is the drawdown level of the th reservoir in the th wet year at the th time period; is the th reservoir in the th normal year at the th time period; is the drawdown level of the th reservoir in the th dry year at the th time period.

[0035] Furthermore, the S5 includes:

[0036] S501. Extract the spatio-temporal maps of the drawdown levels and drawdown rate thresholds for each period in different frequency bands according to the results of the S3 and S4 ;

[0037] ;

[0038] ;

[0039] ;

[0040] Among them, is the set of drawdown levels and drawdown rate thresholds of the th reservoir in the th time period; ​is the upper limit of the drawdown level for the th time period in the high-flow frequency section of the reservoir; is the lower limit of the drawdown level for the th time period in the high-flow frequency of the reservoir; is the upper limit of the drawdown level for the th time period in the low-flow frequency section of the reservoir; is the lower limit of the drawdown level for the th time period in the low-flow frequency section of the reservoir;

[0041] S502. Extract the overall drawdown control index sets for different inflow conditions of high, normal, and low flows :

[0042] Based on the spatio-temporal atlas of drawdown thresholds , analyze and summarize the minimum water level valves and the variation ranges of the average drawdown rates during the drawdown periods of the reservoir group in the high, normal, and low flow frequency sections , and form the overall drawdown control index sets for different inflow conditions of high, normal, and low flows . Select the overall drawdown control conditions for the reservoir group according to the results of long-term high, normal, and low flow predictions:

[0043] ;

[0044] ;

[0045] ;

[0046] ;

[0047] ;

[0048] ;

[0049] ;

[0050] ;

[0051] ;

[0052] ;

[0053] U W _ M l r = min [ UW _ UL ( 1 ) , … , UW _ UL ( t ) , … , UW _ UL ( T ) ] ;

[0054] L W _ M l r = min [ LW _ UL ( 1 ) , … , LW _ UL ( t ) , … , LW _ UL ( T ) ] ;

[0055] U W _ D r r = max [ A _ Dr r ( 1 ), … , A _ Dr r ( w ), … , A _ Dr r ( W ) ] ;

[0056] L W _ D r r = min [ A _ Dr r ( 1 ), … , A _ Dr r ( w ), … , A _ Dr r ( W ) ] ;

[0057] U M _ M l r = min [ UM _ UL ( 1 ) , … , UM _ UL ( t ) , … , UM _ UL ( T ) ] ;

[0058] L M _ M l r = min [ LM _ UL ( 1 ) , … , LM _ UL ( t ) , … , LM _ UL ( T ) ] ;

[0059] U M _ D r r = max [ A _ Dr r ( 1 ), … , A _ Dr r ( m ), … , A _ Dr r ( M ) ] ;

[0060] L M _ D r r = min [ A _ Dr r ( 1 ), … , A _ Dr r ( m ), … , A _ Dr r ( M ) ] ;

[0061] U L _ M l r = min [ UL _ UL ( 1 ) , … , UL _ UL ( t ) , … , UL _ UL ( T ) ] ;

[0062] L L _ M l r = min [ LL _ UL ( 1 ) , … , LL _ UL ( t ) , … , LL _ UL ( T ) ] ;

[0063] U L _ D r r = max [ A _ Dr r ( 1 ), … , A _ Dr r ( l ), … , A _ Dr r ( L ) ] ;

[0064] L L _ D r r = min [ A _ Dr r ( 1 ), … , A _ Dr r ( l ), … , A _ Dr r ( L ) ] ;

[0065] Among them, is the overall drawdown control index set of the th reservoir; , and are the drawdown control indexes of the th reservoir under different inflow conditions of high, normal, and low water levels respectively; are the minimum water level valves of the th reservoir under different inflow conditions of high, normal, and low water levels respectively; are the upper and lower limit values of the minimum water level threshold of the th reservoir under high water level conditions; is the upper limit of the average drawdown rate of the th reservoir in the normal water frequency range; is the upper limit of the drawdown water level of the th time period of the reservoir in the normal water frequency range; is the lower limit of the drawdown water level of the th time period of the reservoir in the normal water frequency range; are the upper and lower limit values of the minimum water level threshold of the th reservoir under normal water level conditions respectively; is the upper limit of the average drawdown rate of the th reservoir in the high water frequency range; is the lower limit of the average drawdown rate of the th reservoir in the high water frequency range; is the upper limit of the water level for the th time period of the reservoir in the high-flow frequency range; is the lower limit of the water level for the th time period of the reservoir in the high-flow frequency range; are respectively the upper and lower threshold values of the lowest water level under the low-flow conditions of the th reservoir; are respectively the ranges of the average drawdown rate variations of the th reservoir under different inflow conditions of high, normal, and low flows; are respectively the maximum and minimum average drawdown rates of the th reservoir under high-flow conditions; are respectively the maximum and minimum average drawdown rates of the th reservoir under low-flow conditions; is the average drawdown rate of the th reservoir in the th high-flow year; is the average drawdown rate of the th reservoir in the th normal-flow year; is the average drawdown rate of the th reservoir in the th low-flow year;

[0066] S503. Construct an intelligent control rule base for the pre-flood drawdown process of the reservoir group :

[0067] Using the mathematical statistical analysis methods of trends and change points, identify the inflow conditions for the variations of the drawdown rate in the first and second half of the drawdown period, and formulate drawdown rules for the reservoir group with different frequency bands being fast in the front and slow in the back , slow in the front and fast in the back , and uniform in both the front and back , and finally form an intelligent control strategy for the pre-flood drawdown process of the rolling nested reservoir group based on long-term high, normal, and low flow predictions and staged water volume grading, and construct an intelligent control rule base for the pre-flood drawdown process of the reservoir group : :

[0068] ;

[0069] ;

[0070] ;

[0071] ;

[0072] ;

[0073] ;

[0074] ；

[0075] W F _ u f D r r = max [ F _ Dr r ( 1 ), … , F _ Dr r ( f ), … , F _ Dr r ( F ) ] ；

[0076] W F _ l f D r r = min [ F _ Dr r ( 1 ), … , F _ Dr r ( f ), … , F _ Dr r ( F ) ] ；

[0077] W F _ u s D r r = max [ S _ Dr r ( 1 ), … , S _ Dr r ( f ), … , S _ Dr r ( F ) ] ；

[0078] W F _ l s D r r = min [ S _ Dr r ( 1 ), … , S _ Dr r ( f ), … , S _ Dr r ( F ) ] ；

[0079] W F _ u f R r r = max [ F _ Rr r ( 1 ), … , F _ Rr r ( f ), … , F _ Rr r ( F ) ] ；

[0080] W F _ l f R r r = min [ F _ Rr r ( 1 ), … , F _ Rr r ( f ), … , F _ Rr r ( F ) ] ；

[0081] W F _ u s R r r = max [ S _ Rr r ( 1 ), … , S _ Rr r ( f ), … , S _ Rr r ( F ) ] ；

[0082] W F _ l s R r r = min [ S _ Rr r ( 1 ), … , S _ Rr r ( f ), … , S _ Rr r ( F ) ] ；

[0083] ；

[0084] W S _ u f D r r = max [ F _ Dr r ( 1 ), … , F _ Dr r ( s ), … , F _ Dr r ( S ) ] ；

[0085] W S _ l f D r r = min [ F _ Dr r ( 1 ), … , F _ Dr r ( s ), … , F _ Dr r ( S ) ] ；

[0086] W S _ u s D r r = max [ S _ Dr r ( 1 ), … , S _ Dr r ( s ), … , S _ Dr r ( S ) ] ；

[0087] W S _ l s D r r = min [ S _ Dr r ( 1 ), … , S _ Dr r ( s ), … , S _ Dr r ( S ) ] ；

[0088] W S _ u f R r r = max [ F _ Rr r ( 1 ), … , F _ Rr r ( s ), … , F _ Rr r ( S ) ] ；

[0089] W S _ l f R r r = min [ F _ Rr r ( 1 ), … , F _ Rr r ( s ), … , F _ Rr r ( S ) ] ；

[0090] W S _ u s R r r = max [ S _ Rr r ( 1 ), … , S _ Rr r ( s ), … , S _ Rr r ( S ) ] ；

[0091] W S _ l s R r r = min [ S _ Rr r ( 1 ), … , S _ Rr r ( s ), … , S _ Rr r ( S ) ] ；

[0092] ；

[0093] W U _ u f D r r = max [ F _ Dr r ( 1 ), … , F _ Dr r ( u ), … , F _ Dr r ( U ) ] ;

[0094] W U _ l f D r r = min [ F _ Dr r ( 1 ), … , F _ Dr r ( u ), … , F _ Dr r ( U ) ] ;

[0095] W U _ u s D r r = max [ S _ Dr r ( 1 ), … , S _ Dr r ( u ), … , S _ Dr r ( U ) ] ;

[0096] W U _ l s D r r = min [ S _ Dr r ( 1 ), … , S _ Dr r ( u ), … , S _ Dr r ( U ) ] ;

[0097] W U _ u f R r r = max [ F _ Rr r ( 1 ), … , F _ Rr r ( u ), … , F _ Rr r ( U ) ] ;

[0098] W U _ l f R r r = min [ F _ Rr r ( 1 ), … , F _ Rr r ( u ), … , F _ Rr r ( U ) ] ;

[0099] W U _ u s R r r = max [ S _ Rr r ( 1 ), … , S _ Rr r ( u ), … , S _ Rr r ( U ) ] ;

[0100] W U _ l s R r r = min [ S _ Rr r ( 1 ), … , S _ Rr r ( u ), … , S _ Rr r ( U ) ] ;

[0101] Among them, is the drawdown rule during the drawdown period of the th reservoir; are respectively the drawdown rules during the drawdown period of the th reservoir under different incoming water conditions of high, normal and low water; are respectively the control index sets of the three modes of fast at the front and slow at the back , slow at the front and fast at the back , and uniform speed at the front and back during the high water period of the th reservoir; is the total number of years of the fast at the front and slow at the back mode in the high water frequency band; is the total number of years of the slow at the front and fast at the back mode in the high water frequency band; is the total number of years of the uniform speed at the front and back mode in the high water frequency band; is the control index set of the uniform speed at the front and back during the normal water period of the th reservoir; is the control index set of the uniform speed at the front and back during the low water period of the th reservoir; is the total number of years of the fast at the front and slow at the back mode; is the total number of years of the slow at the front and fast at the back mode; is the total number of years of the uniform speed at the front and back mode; respectively the upper and lower limit control indexes of the drawdown rate in the first half of the fast-then-slow pattern under wet conditions for the th reservoir; respectively the upper and lower limit control indexes of the drawdown rate in the second half of the fast-then-slow pattern under wet conditions for the th reservoir; respectively the upper and lower limit condition indexes of the maximum and minimum incoming water volumes in the first half of the fast-then-slow pattern under wet conditions for the th reservoir; respectively the upper and lower limit condition indexes of the maximum and minimum incoming water volumes in the second half of the fast-then-slow pattern under wet conditions for the th reservoir; is the drawdown rate at the th time period in the first half of the fast-then-slow mode during the drawdown period of the th reservoir; is the incoming water volume at the th time period in the second half of the fast-then-slow mode during the drawdown period of the th reservoir; is the drawdown rate at the th time period in the first half of the slow-then-fast mode during the drawdown period of the th reservoir; is the drawdown rate at the th time period in the first half of the slow-then-fast mode during the drawdown period of the th reservoir; is the incoming water volume at the th time period in the first half of the slow-then-fast mode during the drawdown period of the th reservoir; is the incoming water volume at the th time period in the second half of the slow-then-fast mode during the drawdown period of the th reservoir; is the drawdown rate at the th time period in the first half of the uniform-speed mode during the drawdown period of the th reservoir; is the drawdown rate at the th time period in the second half of the uniform-speed mode during the drawdown period of the th reservoir; is the incoming water volume at the th time period in the first half of the uniform-speed mode during the drawdown period of the th reservoir; is the incoming water volume at the th time period in the second half of the uniform-speed mode during the drawdown period of the th reservoir;

[0102] respectively the The upper and lower limit control indicators of the drawdown rate in the first half of the slow-first-and-fast-second mode under the high-water condition of a reservoir ; The upper and lower limit control indicators of the drawdown rate in the first half of the slow-first-and-fast-second mode under the high-water condition of the th reservoir; The upper and lower limit control indicators of the drawdown rate in the second half of the slow-first-and-fast-second mode under the high-water condition of the th reservoir; The maximum and minimum condition indicators of the inflow water volume in the first half of the slow-first-and-fast-second mode under the high-water condition of the th reservoir; The maximum and minimum condition indicators of the inflow water volume in the second half of the slow-first-and-fast-second mode under the high-water condition of the

[0103] th reservoir; The upper and lower limit control indicators of the drawdown rate in the first half of the uniform-speed-both-front-and-back mode under the high-water condition of the th reservoir; The upper and lower limit control indicators of the drawdown rate in the second half of the uniform-speed-both-front-and-back mode under the high-water condition of the th reservoir; The maximum and minimum condition indicators of the inflow water volume in the first half of the uniform-speed-both-front-and-back mode under the high-water condition of the th reservoir; The maximum and minimum condition indicators of the inflow water volume in the second half of the uniform-speed-both-front-and-back mode under the high-water condition of the th

[0104] The beneficial effects are as follows: constructing an intelligent control rule base for the pre-flood drawdown process of the reservoir group, while giving full play to the water resource regulation ability of the reservoir group between wet and dry seasons, providing an intelligent control rule for the reservoir group to cope with different water inflow conditions (wet, normal, and dry) and water level changes during different stages of the drawdown period, effectively meeting the requirements for enhancing the water security and energy security in the basin where extreme events such as consecutive droughts in winter, spring, and summer and rapid alternation of drought and flood occur frequently under the new situation, and providing technical support for the safe and efficient utilization of water resources in the new stage. Description of the Drawings

[0105] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the cascade reservoir group in Basin in Embodiment 1;

[0106] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the long-term drawdown scheduling process of the cascade reservoir;

[0107] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the upper and lower envelope lines of the drawdown process of Reservoir 1;

[0108] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the upper and lower envelope lines during the drawdown process of Reservoir 2;

[0109] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the upper and lower envelope lines during the drawdown process of Reservoir 3. Specific implementation manners

[0110] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0111] Embodiment 1

[0112] Please refer to Figure 1 , select a cascade reservoir group in a certain basin as a research case, which includes a total of three reservoirs and two inter-basin inflows. From upstream to downstream, they are Reservoir 1, Reservoir 2 and Reservoir 3 respectively.

[0113] S1. Establish a set of drawdown characteristic parameters and a long-term hydrological data set for the reservoir group ;

[0114] According to the reservoir group operation regulations or design results, extract the normal storage level , dead storage level , limit drawdown level , regulation storage capacity , storage capacity corresponding to the normal storage level , minimum discharge control index , power grid transmission capacity , water level-storage capacity curve , discharge capacity curve , maximum pre-outlet power curve of each reservoir, and establish a set of drawdown characteristic parameters for the reservoir group ; At the same time, use the long-term inflow , inter-basin flow , and downstream discharge of the upstream reservoir observation data of each reservoir to form a long-term hydrological data set .

[0115] ;

[0116] Among them, is the th reservoir; is the number of reservoirs in the cascade reservoir group.

[0117] S2. Simulate the long-term operation and drawdown process of the reservoir group :

[0118] According to the regulation objectives and dispatching rules during the drawdown period of the reservoir group, through the inflow , the minimum discharge control index , the power grid transmission capacity , the maximum pre-outage capacity ; calculate step by step from the upstream to the downstream, and analyze and calculate the discharge , the water level in front of the dam , the output , the water supply flow , the drawdown water level in the time period , and then form a library of long-term series dispatching drawdown process schemes for the reservoir group ;

[0119] ;

[0120] Among them, is the discharge capacity of the water level in front of the dam ; is the maximum pre-outage capacity of the water level in front of the dam ; Minimum discharge control index, is the number of reservoirs in the cascade reservoir group;

[0121] The dispatching objectives during the drawdown period of the reservoir group are simulated by selecting the maximum power generation and the maximum water supply as the dispatching objective functions according to engineering considerations. The schematic diagram of the long-term series drawdown dispatching process of the cascade reservoir is as Figure 2 shown;

[0122] S3. Screen the series drawdown process sets with different frequency segments of abundant, normal, and dry years :

[0123] Combined with the results of the library of long-term series dispatching drawdown process schemes for the reservoir group , analyze the maximum drawdown rate and the dispatching time period , the minimum drawdown rate and the dispatching time period , the average drawdown rate , the drawdown rate in the first half and the first incoming water volume , the drawdown rate in the second half and the second incoming water volume of the process characteristic index set , and screen out the series drawdown process sets of the reservoir group with different frequency segments of abundant, normal, and dry years according to the empirical frequencies of each year in the long series :

[0124] ;

[0125] ;

[0126] ;

[0127] ;

[0128] ;

[0129] Among them, is the drawdown process set of the reservoir group in different frequency bands of the th reservoir; is the drawdown water level process set of the th reservoir in the high-flow frequency band; is the drawdown water level process set of the th reservoir in the normal-flow frequency band; is the drawdown water level process set of the th reservoir in the low-flow frequency band; is the drawdown water level process of the th reservoir in the th high-flow year; is the characteristic index set of the drawdown process of the th reservoir in the th high-flow year; is the set of high-flow years, is the number of high-flow years; is the drawdown water level process set of the th reservoir in the normal-flow frequency band; is the drawdown water level process of the th reservoir in the th normal-flow year; is the characteristic index set of the drawdown process of the th reservoir in the th normal-flow year; is the set of normal-flow years; is the drawdown water level process set of the th reservoir in the low-flow frequency band; is the drawdown water level process of the th reservoir in the th low-flow year; is the characteristic index set of the drawdown process of the th reservoir in the th low-flow year; is the set of low-flow years; is the number of low-flow years; is the characteristic index set of the drawdown process of the th reservoir in the th year; belongs to when it is a high-flow year; belongs to when it is a normal-flow year; belongs to It is a dry year.

[0130] The frequency band division is divided into three frequency bands: abundant (<37.5%), normal (37.5% - 62.5%), and dry (>62.5%), and can also be further refined;

[0131] The division of the first and second half of the scheduling period can be determined according to characteristics such as changes in the reservoir project tasks and changes in regional power supply or water supply demands, and generally can be divided according to half of the drawdown period. The characteristic index sets of the drawdown processes for different frequency bands of cascade reservoirs are shown in the table:

[0132] Table 1-1 Characteristic Index Set of the Drawdown Process for the Abundant Water Frequency Band of Reservoir 1

[0133]

[0134] Table 1-2 Characteristic Index Set of the Drawdown Process for the Abundant Water Frequency Band of Reservoir 1

[0135]

[0136] Table 1-3 Characteristic Index Set of the Drawdown Process for the Abundant Water Frequency Band of Reservoir 1

[0137]

[0138] Table 1-4 Characteristic Index Set of the Drawdown Process for the Normal Water Frequency Band of Reservoir 1

[0139]

[0140] Table 1-5 Characteristic Index Set of the Drawdown Process for the Normal Water Frequency Band of Reservoir 1

[0141]

[0142] Table 1-6 Characteristic Index Set of the Drawdown Process for the Dry Water Frequency Band of Reservoir 1

[0143]

[0144] Table 1-7 Characteristic Index Set of the Drawdown Process for the Dry Water Frequency Band of Reservoir 1

[0145]

[0146] Table 2-1 Characteristic Index Set of the Drawdown Process for the Abundant Water Frequency Band of Reservoir 2

[0147]

[0148] Table 2-2 Characteristic Index Set of the Drawdown Process for the Abundant Water Frequency Band of Reservoir 2

[0149]

[0150] Table 2-3 Characteristic Index Set of the Water Level Fluctuation Process in the Normal Flow Frequency Range of Reservoir 2

[0151]

[0152] Table 2-4 Characteristic Index Set of the Water Level Fluctuation Process in the Normal Flow Frequency Range of Reservoir 2

[0153]

[0154] Table 2-5 Characteristic Index Set of the Water Level Fluctuation Process in the Low Flow Frequency Range of Reservoir 2

[0155]

[0156] Table 2-6 Characteristic Index Set of the Water Level Fluctuation Process in the Low Flow Frequency Range of Reservoir 2

[0157]

[0158] Table 3-1 Characteristic Index Set of the Water Level Fluctuation Process in the High Flow Frequency Range of Reservoir 3

[0159]

[0160] Table 3-2 Characteristic Index Set of the Water Level Fluctuation Process in the High Flow Frequency Range of Reservoir 3

[0161]

[0162] Table 3-3 Characteristic Index Set of the Water Level Fluctuation Process in the Normal Flow Frequency Range of Reservoir 3

[0163]

[0164] Table 3-4 Characteristic Index Set of the Water Level Fluctuation Process in the Normal Flow Frequency Range of Reservoir 3

[0165]

[0166] Table 3-5 Characteristic Index Set of the Water Level Fluctuation Process in the Low Flow Frequency Range of Reservoir 3

[0167]

[0168] Table 3-6 Characteristic Index Set of the Water Level Fluctuation Process in the Low Flow Frequency Range of Reservoir 3

[0169]

[0170] S4. Extract the upper and lower envelopes of the water level fluctuation processes of the reservoir group in different frequency bands:

[0171] Based on the above S3, extract the highest water level and the lowest water level at each time period in the high, normal, and low flow frequency ranges respectively and the lowest water level of the drawdown , form the upper and lower envelope lines of the drawdown process of the reservoir groups in different frequency bands .

[0172] ;

[0173] U _ U w L ( t ) = max [ W _ Zl 1 ( t ) , … , W _ Zl w ( t ) , … , W _ Zl W ( t ) ] L _ UL w ( t ) = min [ W _ Zl 1 ( t ) , … , W _ Zl w ( t ) , … , W _ Zl W ( t ) ] U _ UL m ( t ) = max [ M _ Zl 1 ( t ) , … , M _ Zl m ( t ) , … , M _ Zl M ( t ) ] L _ UL m ( t ) = min [ M _ Zl 1 ( t ) , … , M _ Zl m ( t ) , … , M _ Zl M ( t ) ] U _ UL l ( t ) = max [ L _ Zl 1 ( t ) , … , L _ Zl l ( t ) , … , L _ Zl M ( t ) ] L _ UL l ( t ) = min [ L _ Zl 1 ( t ) , … , L _ Zl l ( t ) , … , L _ Zl M ( t ) ] ;

[0174] Among them, is the th time period within the scheduling period; and are respectively the highest drawdown water level and the lowest drawdown water level of the th reservoir in the th wet year at the th time period; is the drawdown water level boundary line of the wet frequency band of the th reservoir; is the drawdown water level boundary line of the normal frequency band of the th reservoir; are respectively the highest drawdown water level and the lowest drawdown water level of the th reservoir in the th normal year at the th time period; and are respectively the highest drawdown water level and the lowest drawdown water level of the th reservoir in the th dry year at the th time period; is the drawdown water level of the th reservoir in the th wet year at the th time period; is the drawdown water level of the th reservoir in the th normal year at the is the drawdown water level of the th reservoir in the th dry year at the th time period.

[0175] Schematic diagram of the upper and lower envelope lines of the drawdown process of cascade reservoirs in wet, normal and dry frequency bands is as Figures 3 - 5 shown.

[0176] S5. Construct an intelligent control rule base for the pre-flood drawdown process of the reservoir group:

[0177] S501. According to the results of S3 and S4, extract the spatio-temporal maps of the drawdown water levels and drawdown rate thresholds in different frequency bands for each period ;

[0178] ;

[0179] ;

[0180] ;

[0181] Among them, is the set of drawdown water level and drawdown rate thresholds for the th reservoir during the th time period; is the upper limit of the drawdown water level for the th time period in the high-water frequency section of the reservoir; is the lower limit of the drawdown water level for the th time period of the reservoir's high-water frequency; is the upper limit of the drawdown water level for the th time period in the low-water frequency section of the reservoir; is the lower limit of the drawdown water level for the th time period in the low-water frequency section of the reservoir;

[0182] S502. Extract the overall drawdown control index sets for different incoming water conditions of high, normal, and low water :

[0183] According to the spatio-temporal atlas of drawdown thresholds , analyze and summarize the minimum water level valves and the variation ranges of the average drawdown rates of the reservoir group during the drawdown period in the high, normal, and low water frequency sections, and form the overall drawdown control index sets for different incoming water conditions of high, normal, and low water. Select the overall drawdown control conditions of the reservoir group according to the results of long-term high, normal, and low water predictions;

[0184] ;

[0185] ;

[0186] ;

[0187] ;

[0188] ;

[0189] ;

[0190] ;

[0191] ;

[0192] ;

[0193] ;

[0194] U W _ M l r = min [ UW _ UL ( 1 ) , … , UW _ UL ( t ) , … , UW _ UL ( T ) ] ;

[0195] L W _ M l r = min [ LW _ UL ( 1 ) , … , LW _ UL ( t ) , … , LW _ UL ( T ) ] ;

[0196] U W _ D r r = max [ A _ Dr ( 1 ), … , A _ Dr ( w ), … , A _ Dr ( W ) ] ;

[0197] L W _ D r r = min [ A _ Dr ( 1 ), … , A _ Dr ( w ), … , A _ Dr ( W ) ] ;

[0198] U M _ M l r = min [ UM _ UL ( 1 ) , … , UM _ UL ( t ) , … , UM _ UL ( T ) ] ;

[0199] L M _ M l r = min [ LM _ UL ( 1 ) , … , LM _ UL ( t ) , … , LM _ UL ( T ) ] ;

[0200] U M _ D r r = max [ A _ Dr ( 1 ), … , A _ Dr ( m ), … , A _ Dr ( M ) ] ;

[0201] L M _ D r r = min [ A _ Dr ( 1 ), … , A _ Dr ( m ), … , A _ Dr ( M ) ] ;

[0202] U L _ M l r = min [ UL _ UL ( 1 ) , … , UL _ UL ( t ) , … , UL _ UL ( T ) ] ;

[0203] L L _ M l r = min [ LL _ UL ( 1 ) , … , LL _ UL ( t ) , … , LL _ UL ( T ) ] ;

[0204] U L _ D r r = max [ A _ Dr ( 1 ), … , A _ Dr ( l ), … , A _ Dr ( L ) ] ;

[0205] L L _ D r r = min [ A _ Dr ( 1 ), … , A _ Dr ( l ), … , A _ Dr ( L ) ] ;

[0206] Among them, is the overall drawdown control index set of the th reservoir; , and are the drawdown control indexes of the th reservoir under different incoming water conditions of wet, normal and dry seasons respectively; are the minimum water level valves of the th reservoir under different incoming water conditions of wet, normal and dry seasons respectively; are the upper and lower limit values of the minimum water level threshold of the th reservoir under wet season incoming water conditions; is the upper limit of the average drawdown rate of the th reservoir in the normal water frequency range; is the The upper limit of the drawdown level for a certain period; is the lower limit of the drawdown level for the th period in the normal water frequency range of the reservoir; are respectively the upper and lower threshold values of the lowest water level under the normal water conditions of the th reservoir; is the upper limit of the average drawdown rate of the th reservoir in the high water frequency range; is the lower limit of the average drawdown rate of the th reservoir in the high water frequency range; is the upper limit of the water level for the th period of the reservoir in the high water frequency range; is the lower limit of the water level for the th period of the reservoir in the high water frequency range; are respectively the upper and lower threshold values of the lowest water level under the dry water conditions of the th reservoir; are respectively the change ranges of the average drawdown rates of the th reservoir under different inflow conditions of high, normal, and dry water; are respectively the maximum and minimum average drawdown rates of the th reservoir under high water conditions; are respectively the maximum and minimum average drawdown rates of the th reservoir under dry water conditions; is the average drawdown rate of the th reservoir in the th high water year; is the average drawdown rate of the th reservoir in the th normal water year; is the average drawdown rate of the th reservoir in the th dry water year.

[0207] The overall drawdown control index sets of cascade reservoirs for high, normal, and dry water years are shown in Table 4.

[0208] Table 4 Overall drawdown control index sets of cascade reservoirs for different frequency ranges of high, normal, and dry water

[0209]

[0210] S503. Construct an intelligent control rule base for the pre-flood drawdown process of the reservoir group :

[0211] Using the mathematical statistics analysis methods of trends and change points, identify the inflow conditions for the changes in the drawdown rates during the first and second half of the drawdown period, and formulate different frequency bands in the reservoir group during the drawdown period with a faster first and slower second , slower first and faster second , and equal speed in both the front and back Flood recession rules Finally, an intelligent control strategy for the pre-flood recession process of a rolling nested reservoir group based on long-term flood, normal flow, and dry period predictions and staged water volume classification is formed, and an intelligent control rule base for the pre-flood recession process of the reservoir group is constructed :

[0212] ;

[0213] ;

[0214] ;

[0215] ;

[0216] ;

[0217] ;

[0218] ;

[0219] W F _ u f D r = max [ F _ Dr ( 1 ), … , F _ Dr ( f ), … , F _ Dr ( F ) ] ;

[0220] W F _ l f D r = min [ F _ Dr ( 1 ), … , F _ Dr ( f ), … , F _ Dr ( F ) ] ;

[0221] W F _ u s D r = max [ S _ Dr ( 1 ), … , S _ Dr ( f ), … , S _ Dr ( F ) ] ;

[0222] W F _ l s D r = min [ S _ Dr ( 1 ), … , S _ Dr ( f ), … , S _ Dr ( F ) ] ;

[0223] W F _ u f R r = max [ F _ Rr ( 1 ), … , F _ Rr ( f ), … , F _ Rr ( F ) ] ;

[0224] W F _ l f R r = min [ F _ Rr ( 1 ), … , F _ Rr ( f ), … , F _ Rr ( F ) ] ;

[0225] W F _ u s R r = max [ S _ Rr ( 1 ), … , S _ Rr ( f ), … , S _ Rr ( F ) ] ;

[0226] W F _ l s R r = min [ S _ Rr ( 1 ), … , S _ Rr ( f ), … , S _ Rr ( F ) ] ;

[0227] ;

[0228] W S _ u f D r = max [ F _ Dr ( 1 ), … , F _ Dr ( s ), … , F _ Dr ( S ) ] ;

[0229] W S _ l f D r = min [ F _ Dr ( 1 ), … , F _ Dr ( s ), … , F _ Dr ( S ) ] ;

[0230] W S _ u s D r = max [ S _ Dr ( 1 ), … , S _ Dr ( s ), … , S _ Dr ( S ) ] ;

[0231] W S _ l s D r = min [ S _ Dr ( 1 ), … , S _ Dr ( s ), … , S _ Dr ( S ) ] ;

[0232] W S _ u f R r = max [ F _ Rr ( 1 ), … , F _ Rr ( s ), … , F _ Rr ( S ) ] ;

[0233] W S _ l f R r = min [ F _ Rr ( 1 ), … , F _ Rr ( s ), … , F _ Rr ( S ) ] ;

[0234] W S _ u s R r = max [ S _ Rr ( 1 ), … , S _ Rr ( s ), … , S _ Rr ( S ) ] ;

[0235] W S _ l s R r = min [ S _ Rr ( 1 ), … , S _ Rr ( s ), … , S _ Rr ( S ) ] ;

[0236] ;

[0237] W U _ u f D r = max [ F _ Dr ( 1 ), … , F _ Dr ( u ), … , F _ Dr ( U ) ] ;

[0238] W U _ l f D r = min [ F _ Dr ( 1 ), … , F _ Dr ( u ), … , F _ Dr ( U ) ] ;

[0239] W U _ u s D r = max [ S _ Dr ( 1 ), … , S _ Dr ( u ), … , S _ Dr ( U ) ] ;

[0240] W U _ l s D r = min [ S _ Dr ( 1 ), … , S _ Dr ( u ), … , S _ Dr ( U ) ] ;

[0241] W U _ u f R r = max [ F _ Rr ( 1 ), … , F _ Rr ( u ), … , F _ Rr ( U ) ] ;

[0242] W U _ l f R r = min [ F _ Rr ( 1 ), … , F _ Rr ( u ), … , F _ Rr ( U ) ] ;

[0243] W U _ u s R r = max [ S _ Rr ( 1 ), … , S _ Rr ( u ), … , S _ Rr ( U ) ] ;

[0244] W U _ l s R r = min [ S _ Rr ( 1 ), … , S _ Rr ( u ), … , S _ Rr ( U ) ] ;

[0245] Among them, is the drawdown rule during the drawdown period of the th reservoir; are respectively the drawdown rules during the drawdown period of the th reservoir under different incoming water conditions of high, normal, and low water levels; are respectively the control index sets of three modes of fast at the front and slow at the back 、slow at the front and fast at the back 、uniform speed at the front and back under high water level conditions of the th reservoir; is for fast at the front and slow at the back in the high water frequency section Total number of years of the pattern; For the high-flow frequency period, slow at the front and fast at the back Total number of years of the pattern; For the high-flow frequency period, uniform speed at the front and back Total number of years of the pattern; For the th reservoir, uniform speed at the front and back under normal water level conditions Control index sets for the three patterns; For the th reservoir, uniform speed at the front and back under low water level conditions Control index sets for the three patterns; For fast at the front and slow at the back Total number of years of the pattern; For slow at the front and fast at the back Total number of years of the pattern; For uniform speed at the front and back Total number of years of the pattern; Respectively for the th reservoir, fast at the front and slow at the back under high water level conditions Upper and lower limit control indices for the drawdown rate in the first half of the pattern; Respectively for the th reservoir, fast at the front and slow at the back under high water level conditions Upper and lower limit control indices for the drawdown rate in the second half of the pattern; Respectively for the th reservoir, fast at the front and slow at the back under high water level conditions Upper and lower limit condition indices for the maximum and minimum inflow water volume in the first half of the pattern; Respectively for the th reservoir, fast at the front and slow at the back under high water level conditions Upper and lower limit condition indices for the maximum and minimum inflow water volume in the second half of the pattern;

[0246] For the th reservoir, drawdown rate in the first half of the fast-at-the-front-and-slow-at-the-back mode during the drawdown period, for the th time period; For the th reservoir, inflow water volume in the second half of the fast-at-the-front-and-slow-at-the-back mode during the drawdown period, for the th time period; For the th reservoir, drawdown rate in the first half of the slow-at-the-front-and-fast-at-the-back mode during the drawdown period, for the th time period; For the th reservoir, drawdown rate in the first half of the slow-at-the-front-and-fast-at-the-back mode during the drawdown period, for the th time period; For the th reservoir, inflow water volume in the first half of the slow-at-the-front-and-fast-at-the-back mode during the drawdown period, for the th time period; is the water inflow volume in the second half of the slow-first-and-fast-second mode before the water level fluctuation period of the th reservoir; ; is the water level decline rate in the first half of the constant-speed mode before and after the water level fluctuation period of the th reservoir; ; is the water level decline rate in the second half of the constant-speed mode before and after the water level fluctuation period of the th reservoir; ; is the water inflow volume in the first half of the constant-speed mode before and after the water level fluctuation period of the th reservoir; ; is the water inflow volume in the second half of the constant-speed mode before and after the water level fluctuation period of the th reservoir; ;

[0247] are respectively the upper and lower limit control indexes of the water level decline rate in the first half of the slow-first-and-fast-second mode under the high-water condition of the th reservoir; ; are respectively the upper and lower limit control indexes of the water level decline rate in the second half of the slow-first-and-fast-second mode under the high-water condition of the th reservoir; ; are respectively the maximum and minimum condition indexes of the water inflow volume in the first half of the slow-first-and-fast-second mode under the high-water condition of the th reservoir; ; are respectively the maximum and minimum condition indexes of the water inflow volume in the second half of the slow-first-and-fast-second mode under the high-water condition of the th reservoir; ;

[0248] are respectively the upper and lower limit control indexes of the water level decline rate in the first half of the constant-speed mode before and after the high-water condition of the th reservoir; ; are respectively the upper and lower limit control indexes of the water level decline rate in the second half of the constant-speed mode before and after the high-water condition of the th reservoir; ; are respectively the maximum and minimum condition indexes of the water inflow volume in the first half of the constant-speed mode before and after the high-water condition of the th reservoir; ; are respectively the maximum and minimum condition indexes of the water inflow volume in the second half of the constant-speed mode before and after the high-water condition of the th reservoir; ;

[0249] The calculation process of the drawdown rule during the drawdown period under flat and low water conditions is the same as that during the drawdown period under high water conditions, and will not be repeated here.

[0250] The embodiments described above only represent the implementation modes of the present invention. The description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention should be based on the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for intelligently controlling the water level of a controlled reservoir group before the flood season, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Establish reservoir group drawdown characteristic parameters and long series water regime data set P_DS; S2, simulate the series scheduling and drawdown process of reservoir groups CS-FPS, The S2 is specifically: according to the scheduling objectives and scheduling regulations of the reservoir group during the drawdown period, through the inflow Rf, the minimum discharge flow control index MD, the power grid delivery capacity PGD, and the maximum expected output Me; from upstream to downstream, step by step, analyze and calculate the outflow qc, the dam front water level Zl, the output ne, the water supply flow sq, and the time drawdown water level FI of each reservoir, and then form a series of scheduling drawdown process plan library DPL for the reservoir group; S3, select the series of decline process sets DF_DPS in different frequency bands of flood, medium and drought, The S3 is specifically: Combined with the results of the long series scheduling drawdown process program library DPL of the reservoir group, the maximum drawdown rate M_Dr and scheduling period T_M_Dr, the minimum drawdown rate L_Dr and scheduling period T_L_Dr, the average drawdown rate A_Dr, the first half drawdown rate F_Dr and the first water volume F_Rr, the second half drawdown rate S_Dr and the second water volume S_Rr of different processes are analyzed. The process characteristic index set PCI of the series drawdown process set DF_DPS with different frequency sections of flood, normal and dry seasons is selected according to the long series of annual experience frequencies; S4, extract the upper and lower envelopes of the water drawdown process of reservoir groups in different frequency bands, The S4 is specifically: On the basis of S3, the highest drawdown water level U_UL and the lowest drawdown water level L_UL in each period of the frequency bands of flood, normal and low water are extracted respectively to form the upper and lower envelopes ULEI of the drawdown process of reservoir groups in different frequency bands; S5. Construct a smart control rule base for the drawdown process of reservoir groups before the flood season. The S5 includes: S501, extracting the spatiotemporal map TSTM_DP of the water level and water level drop rate thresholds of different frequency bands in different periods according to the results of S3 and S4; S502, extract the overall drawdown control index set ODCI under different water inflow conditions: abundant, normal and dry. According to the spatiotemporal map of drawdown rate threshold TSTM_DP, the lowest water level threshold TML and the average drawdown rate variation range RDR of the reservoir group in the frequency bands of flood, normal and dry periods are analyzed and summarized to form the overall drawdown control index set ODCI under different water inflow conditions of flood, normal and dry periods. The overall drawdown control conditions of the reservoir group are selected according to the results of long-term flood, normal and dry period prediction. S503. Construct an intelligent control rule base ICRB for the pre-flood drawdown process of reservoir groups.

2. According to claim 1, a method for intelligently controlling the water level of a controlled reservoir group before the flood season, characterized in that: The S1 is specifically: According to the reservoir group dispatching regulations or design results, the normal water level NL, dead water level DL, extreme drawdown level LDL, regulating storage capacity RS, normal water level corresponding storage capacity NCC, minimum discharge flow control index MD, power grid transmission capacity PGD, water level storage capacity curve VC, discharge capacity curve DC, maximum expected output curve MEC of each reservoir are extracted to establish the reservoir group drawdown characteristic parameter set RFPS; at the same time, the long series of inflow Rf, interval flow If, and upstream reservoir discharge UDq observation data of each reservoir are used to form a long series of water regime data set LHDS: P_DS{(RFPS1,LHDS1),...,(RFPS r ,LHDS r ),...,(RFPS R ,LHDS R )} RFPS r {NL r ,DL r ,LDL r ,RS r ,NCC r ,MD r ,PGD r ,VC r ,DC r ,MEC r }; LHDS r {Rf r ,If r ,UDq r } Among them, r is the rth reservoir; R is the number of reservoirs in the cascade reservoir group.

3. The method for intelligently controlling the water level of a controlled reservoir group before the flood season according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Among them, MEC r (Zl r ) is the water level Zl in front of the dam r The maximum expected output curve of DC r (Zl r ) is the water level Zl in front of the dam r Discharge capacity curve.

4. The method for intelligently controlling the water level of a controlled reservoir group before the flood season according to claim 3 is characterized in that: DF_DPS r {W_DF r ,M_DF r ,L_DF r }; Among them, W_DF r is the set of water level drawdown processes in the rth reservoir flood frequency segment; M_DF r is the set of water level drawdown processes in the rth reservoir flat water frequency segment; L_DF r is the set of water level fluctuation processes in the low-water frequency segment of the rth reservoir; W_Zl (w) is the water level drawdown process of the rth reservoir in the wth flood year; PCI W_Y(w) is the characteristic index set of the drawdown process of the rth reservoir in the wth flood year; W_Y is the set of flood years, W is the number of flood years; M_DF r is the set of water level fluctuation processes in the rth reservoir flat water frequency segment; M_Zl (m) is the drawdown process of the rth reservoir in the mth normal water year; PCI M_Y(m) is the characteristic index set of the drawdown process of the mth normal water year of the rth reservoir; M_Y is the normal water year set; L_DF r is the set of water level fluctuation processes in the low-water frequency segment of the rth reservoir; L_Zl (l) is the water level drawdown process of the rth reservoir in the lth dry year; PCI L_Y(l) is the characteristic index set of the drawdown process of the rth reservoir in the lth dry year; L_Y is the set of dry years; L is the number of dry years; PCI y is the characteristic indicator set of the drawdown process of the r-th reservoir in the y-th year; when y belongs to W_Y, it is a wet year; when y belongs to M_Y, it is a normal water year; when y belongs to L_Y, it is a dry year.

5. The method for intelligently controlling the water level of a controlled reservoir group before the flood season according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Where t is the tth period in the scheduling period T; U_UL w (t) and L_UL w (t) are the highest and lowest drawdown water levels of the rth reservoir in the wth flood year in the tth period; W_UL r M_UL is the drawdown water level boundary line of the rth reservoir flood frequency segment; r is the drawdown water level boundary line of the rth reservoir flat water frequency segment; U_UL m (t) and L_UL m (t) are the highest and lowest drawdown water levels of the rth reservoir in the mth normal water year in the tth period; U_UL l (t) and L_UL l (t) are the highest and lowest drawdown water levels of the rth reservoir in the lth dry year in the tth period; W_Zl w (t) is the drawdown water level of the rth reservoir in the wth flood year in the tth period; M_Zl m (t) is the drawdown water level of the r reservoir in the mth normal water year and the tth period; L_Zl l (t) is the drawdown water level of the rth reservoir in the tth period of the lth dry year.

6. A method for intelligently controlling the water level of a controlled reservoir group before the flood season according to claim 5, characterized in that: Among them, DP R_T is the set of water level drawdown and drawdown rate thresholds for the Rth reservoir in the Tth period; is the upper limit of the drawdown water level in the tth period of the reservoir's flood frequency segment; LW_UL(t) is the lower limit of the drawdown water level in the tth period of the reservoir's flood frequency segment; UL_UL(t) is the upper limit of the drawdown water level in the tth period of the reservoir's low water frequency segment; LL_UL(t) is the lower limit of the drawdown water level in the tth period of the reservoir's low water frequency segment; EPISODES r {W_CI r ,M_CI r ,L_CI r }; W_CI r {W_TML r ,W_RDR r }; <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">W_TML<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> r <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> {UW_Ml<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> r <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> ,LW_Ml<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> r <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">}; W_RDR r {UW_Dr r ,LW_Dr r }; M_CI r {M_TML r ,M_RDR r }; M_TML r {UM_Ml r ,LM_Ml r }; M_RDR r {UM_Dr. r ,LM_Dr r }; L_CI r {L_TML r ,L_RDR r }; L_TML r {UL_Ml r ,LL_Ml r }; L_RDR r {UL_Dr r ,LL_Dr r }; UW_Ml r =min[UW_UL(1),...,UW_UL(t),...,UW_UL(T)]; LW_Ml r =min[LW_UL(1),...,LW_UL(t),...,LW_UL(T)]; UW_Dr r =max[A_Dr r (1),...,A_Dr r (w),...,A_Dr r (W)]; LW_Dr r =min[A_Dr r (1),...,A_Dr r (w),...,A_Dr r (W)]; UM_Ml r =min[UM_UL(1),...,UM_UL(t),...,UM_UL(T)]; LM_Ml r =min[LM_UL(1),...,LM_UL(t),...,LM_UL(T)]; UM_Dr r =max[A_Dr r (1),...,A_Dr r (m),...,A_Dr r (M)]; LM_Dr r =min[A_Dr r (1),...,A_Dr r (m),...,A_Dr r (M)]; UL_Ml r =min[UL_UL(1),...,UL_UL(t),...,UL_UL(T)]; LL_Ml r =min[LL_UL(1),...,LL_UL(t),...,LL_UL(T)]; UL_Dr r =max[A_Dr r (1),...,A_Dr r (l),...,A_Dr r (L)]; LL_Dr r =min[A_Dr r (1),...,A_Dr r (l),...,A_Dr r (L)]; Among them, ODCI r is the overall drawdown control index set of the rth reservoir; W_CI r 、M_CI r and L_CI r are the drawdown control indexes of the rth reservoir under different water inflow conditions of flood, normal and dry seasons; W_TML r 、M_TML r and L_TML r are the lowest water level thresholds of the rth reservoir under different water inflow conditions: flood, normal and dry; UW_Ml r 、LW_Ml r are the upper and lower limits of the minimum water level threshold under flood conditions of the rth reservoir; UM_Dr r is the upper limit of the average drawdown rate of the rth reservoir in the flat water frequency band; LM_Dr r is the lower limit of the average drawdown rate of the rth reservoir in the flat water frequency segment; UM_UL(t) is the upper limit of the drawdown water level in the tth period of the flat water frequency segment of the reservoir; LM_UL(t) is the lower limit of the drawdown water level in the tth period of the flat water frequency segment of the reservoir; UM_Ml r and LM_Ml r are the upper and lower limits of the lowest water level threshold under normal water conditions of the rth reservoir; UW_Dr r LW_Dr is the upper limit of the average drawdown rate of the rth reservoir in the flood frequency period; r is the lower limit of the average drawdown rate of the rth reservoir in the flood frequency period; UL_Ml r and LL_Ml r are the upper and lower limits of the lowest water level threshold under low water conditions of the rth reservoir; W_RDR r 、M_RDR r and L_RDR r are the average drawdown rate variation ranges of the rth reservoir under different water inflow conditions of flood, normal and dry seasons; UW_Dr r and LW_Dr r are the maximum and minimum average drawdown rates under the flood condition of the rth reservoir; UL_Dr r and LL_Dr r are the maximum and minimum average drawdown rates under low water conditions of the rth reservoir; A_Dr r (w) is the average drawdown rate of the rth reservoir in the wth flood year; A_Dr r (m) is the average drawdown rate of the rth reservoir in the mth normal water year; A_Dr r (l) is the average drawdown rate of the rth reservoir in the lth dry year; By using the mathematical and statistical analysis methods of trends and change points, the water inflow conditions of the drawdown rate changes in the first and second half of the drawdown period are identified, and the drawdown rules IFR of different frequency bands of reservoir groups during the drawdown period, such as fast at the beginning and slow at the end FBSA, slow at the beginning and fast at the end SBFA, and average speed at the beginning and end BAU, are proposed. Finally, a rolling nested intelligent control strategy for the drawdown process of reservoir groups before the flood season is formed based on long-term prediction of flood, normal and dry seasons and staged water volume classification, and an intelligent control rule base ICRB for the drawdown process of reservoir groups before the flood season is constructed: ICRB{ODCI,IFR}; W_IFR r {W_FBSA r ,W_SBFA r ,W_BAU r ,WF_Y,WS_Y,WU_Y}, M_IFR r {M_FBSA r ,M_SBFA r ,M_BAU r ,MF_Y,MS_Y,MU_Y}; L_IFR r {L_FBSA r ,L_SBFA r ,L_BAU r ,LF_Y,LS_Y,LU_Y}; if F_Dr(w)>S_Dr(w)+Δ w∈WF_Y else if F_Dr(w)+Δ<S_Dr(w) w∈WS_Y; else w∈WU_Y WF_ufDr r =max[F_Dr r (1),...,F_Dr r (f),...,F_Dr r (F)]; WF_lfDr r =min[F_Dr r (1),...,F_Dr r (f),...,F_Dr r (F)]; WF_usDr r =max[S_Dr r (1),...,S_Dr r (f),...,S_Dr r (F)]; WF_lsDr r =min[S_Dr r (1),...,S_Dr r (f),...,S_Dr r (F)]; WF_ufRr r =max[F_Rr r (1),...,F_Rr r (f),...,F_Rr r (F)]; WF_lfRr r =min[F_Rr r (1),…,F_Rr r (f),...,F_Rr r (F)]; WF_usRr r =max[S_Rr r (1),...,S_Rr r (f),...,S_Rr r (F)]; WF_lsRr r =min[S_Rr r (1),...,S_Rr r (f),...,S_Rr r (F)]; WS_ufDr r =max[F_Dr r (1),...,F_Dr r (s),...,F_Dr r (S)]; WS_lfDr r =min[F_Dr r (1),...,F_Dr r (s),...,F_Dr r (S)]; WS_usDr r =max[S_Dr r (1),...,S_Dr r (s),...,S_Dr r (S)]; WS_lsDr r =min[S_Dr r (1),...,S_Dr r (s),...,S_Dr r (S)]; WS_ufRr r =max[F_Rr r (1),...,F_Rr r (s),...,F_Rr r (S)]; WS_lfRr r =min[F_Rr r (1),...,F_Rr r (s),...,F_Rr r (S)]; WS_usRr r =max[S_Rr r (1),...,S_Rr r (s),...,S_Rr r (S)]; WS_lsRr r =min[S_Rr r (1),...,S_Rr r (s),...,S_Rr r (S)]; WU_ufDr r =max[F_Dr r (1),...,F_Dr r (u),...,F_Dr r (U)]; WU_lfDr r =min[F_Dr r (1),...,F_Dr r (u),...,F_Dr r (U)]; WU_usDr r =max[S_Dr r (1),...,S_Dr r (u),...,S_Dr r (U)]; WU_lsDr r =min[S_Dr r (1),...,S_Dr r (u),...,S_Dr r (U)]; WU_ufRr r =max[F_Rr r (1),...,F_Rr r (u),...,F_Rr r (U)]; WU_lfRr r =min[F_Rr r (1),...,F_Rr r (u),...,F_Rr r (U)]; WU_usRr r =max[S_Rr r (1),...,S_Rr r (u),...,S_Rr r (U)]; WU_lsRr r =min[S_Rr r (1),…,S_Rr r (u),…,S_Rr r (HE)]; Among them, IFR r is the drawdown rule of the rth reservoir during the drawdown period; W_IFR r 、M_IFR r and L_IFR r are the drawdown rules of the rth reservoir under different water inflow conditions of flood, normal and dry periods; W_FBSA r 、W_SBWA r and W_BAU r are the control index sets of the three modes of fast-first-then-slow FBSA, slow-first-then-fast SBFA, and uniform-speed BAU under the flood condition of the rth reservoir; WF_Y is the total number of years of the fast-first-then-slow FBSA mode in the flood frequency period; WS_Y is the total number of years of the slow-first-then-fast SBFA mode in the flood frequency period; WU_Y is the total number of years of the uniform-speed BAU mode in the flood frequency period; M_BAU r is the control index set of the three modes of the forward and backward uniform speed BAU under the condition of flat water in the rth reservoir; L_BAU r is the control index set of the three modes of front and back uniform speed BAU under the low water condition of the rth reservoir; F is the total number of years of the fast-front-slow-back FBSA mode; S is the total number of years of the slow-front-slow-back SBFA mode; U is the total number of years of the front and back uniform speed BAU mode; WF_ufDr r and WF_lfDr r WF_usDr are the upper and lower limit control indicators of the first half of the drawdown rate of the fast-first-slow-last FBSA mode under the flood condition of the rth reservoir; r and WF_lsDr r WF_ufRr are the upper and lower limit control indicators of the second half of the drawdown rate of the fast-first-slow-last FBSA mode under the flood condition of the rth reservoir; r and WF_lfRr r WF_usRr are the maximum and minimum condition indicators of the first half of the inflow water volume in the fast-first-then-slow FBSA mode under the flood condition of the rth reservoir; r and WF_lsRr r They are the maximum and minimum condition indicators of the second half of the inflow water volume of the FBSA mode with fast flow at the beginning and slow flow at the end under the flood condition of the rth reservoir; F_Dr r (f) is the drawdown rate of the first half of the rth reservoir drawdown period in the first half of the fast-first-then-slow mode; S_Dr r (f) is the amount of water entering the reservoir in the second half of the rth reservoir drawdown period in the fast-first-then-slow mode during the fth period; F_Dr r (s) is the drawdown rate of the rth reservoir in the first half of the drawdown period of the sth period in the slow-first-fast-later mode; S_Dr r (s) is the drawdown rate of the rth reservoir in the first half of the drawdown period of the sth period in the slow-first-fast-later mode; F_Rr r (s) is the amount of water entering the reservoir in the first half of the rth reservoir drawdown period in the sth period of the slow-first-fast-later mode; S_Rr r (s) is the amount of water entering the reservoir in the sth period of the second half of the rth reservoir drawdown period in a slow-first-fast-later-fast manner; F_Dr r (u) is the drawdown rate of the uth period in the first half of the average speed mode before and after the drawdown period of the rth reservoir; S_Dr r (u) is the drawdown rate of the uth period in the second half of the average speed mode before and after the drawdown period of the rth reservoir; F_Rr r (u) is the amount of water entering the reservoir in the first half of the u-th period in the average speed mode before and after the r-th reservoir drawdown period; S_Rr r (u) is the amount of water entering the reservoir in the uth period in the second half of the average speed mode before and after the rth reservoir drawdown period; WS_ufDr r and WS_lfDr r are the upper and lower limit control indicators of the first half of the drawdown rate of the SBFA mode under the flood condition of the rth reservoir; WS_usDr r and WS_lsDr r are the upper and lower limit control indicators of the second half of the drawdown rate of the SBFA mode with slow flow at the beginning and fast flow at the end under the flood condition of the rth reservoir; WS_ufRr r and WS_lfRr r They are the maximum and minimum inflow condition indicators of the first half of the SBFA mode with slow flow at the beginning and fast flow at the end under the flood condition of the rth reservoir; WS_usRr r and WS_lsRr r They are the maximum and minimum condition indicators of the second half of the inflow water volume of the SBFA mode with slow flow at the beginning and fast flow at the end under the flood condition of the rth reservoir; WU_ufDr r and WU_lfDr r WU_usDr are the upper and lower limit control indicators of the first half of the drawdown rate of the front and rear average speed BAU mode under the flood condition of the rth reservoir; r and WU_lsDr r WU_ufRr are the upper and lower limit control indicators of the second half of the drawdown rate of the front and rear uniform speed BAU mode under the flood condition of the rth reservoir; r and WU_lfRr r WU_usRr are the maximum and minimum condition indicators of the first half of the inflow water volume in the front and rear uniform speed BAU mode under the flood condition of the rth reservoir; r and WU_lsRr r They are respectively the maximum and minimum condition indicators of the second half of the inflow water volume in the front and rear uniform speed BAU mode under the flood condition of the rth reservoir.

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