Automatic habitat wild animal monitoring and analyzing system based on unmanned aerial vehicle airport

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of wild animal monitoring, and particularly relates to a habitat wild animal automatic monitoring and analysis system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle airport, and the system comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle airport module which is used for carrying out the site selection and establishment of the unmanned aerial vehicle airport; the unmanned aerial vehicle planning module is used for performing task planning on the flight route, the monitoring area, the flight height and the shooting time of the unmanned aerial vehicle according to the unmanned aerial vehicle airport position and the monitoring requirement; and the environmental parameter acquisition module is used for acquiring the environmental parameters acquired by the unmanned aerial vehicle when the unmanned aerial vehicle executes the task planned by the unmanned aerial vehicle planning module. According to the invention, 24-hour uninterrupted automatic monitoring can be realized, the monitoring continuity is greatly improved, the unmanned aerial vehicle can autonomously execute the monitoring work through the preset task planning, the monitoring efficiency is greatly improved, and compared with a traditional mode, the unmanned aerial vehicle can cover a wider area, and a large amount of monitoring data can be obtained in time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wildlife monitoring, and in particular to an automated monitoring and analysis system for wildlife in habitats based on drone airports. Background Art

[0002] Wildlife monitoring refers to the systematic observation, recording and analysis of the number, species, health status and living environment of wild animals to assess their population dynamics, ecological status and potential threats, and take corresponding protection and management measures. Wildlife monitoring is crucial for ecological protection, biodiversity research and natural resource management.

[0003] However, existing wildlife monitoring methods such as manual patrols and fixed cameras have shortcomings such as limited monitoring range, high labor costs, and untimely data acquisition. Based on this, an automated wildlife monitoring and analysis system based on drone airports is invented. Summary of the invention

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] The automated wildlife habitat monitoring and analysis system based on drone airports includes:

[0006] The drone airport module is used to select and establish drone airports;

[0007] The drone planning module is used to plan the flight route, monitoring area, flight altitude, and shooting time of the drone according to the drone airport location and its monitoring requirements;

[0008] The environmental parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the environmental parameters collected by the drone when the drone performs the task planned by the drone planning module;

[0009] A data transmission module, used for transmitting and storing the data acquired by the environmental parameter acquisition module;

[0010] An image recognition module is used to process the image data transmitted by the data transmission module to realize automatic recognition and counting of wild animals;

[0011] The data analysis module is used to perform time series analysis and spatial distribution analysis on the data transmitted by the data transmission module to explore the activity patterns, migration routes and habitat utilization of wild animals. At the same time, combined with meteorological and geographical environmental data, it analyzes the impact of environmental factors on wild animals.

[0012] User interaction module, used to enable users to view monitoring images and data analysis results in real time;

[0013] The image recognition module comprises:

[0014] A storage module, used for storing various wild animal image data and their names;

[0015] A comparison module, used for comparing the image data transmitted by the data transmission module with the image data stored in the storage module;

[0016] A judging module, used for judging whether the image data transmitted by the data transmission module exists in the storage module, and if so, obtaining the name of the wild animal in the image data;

[0017] A feature extraction module, used to extract features from the image data transmitted by the data transmission module when the judgment module cannot judge the wild animal;

[0018] An analysis module, used for analyzing the features extracted by the feature extraction module in combination with the storage module, so as to analyze the name of the wild animal that cannot be identified;

[0019] A marking module, used for marking the wild animals in the image transmitted by the data transmission module one by one according to the names of the wild animals;

[0020] The calculation module is used to count the marks marked by the marking module to obtain the number of wild animals.

[0021] As a preferred solution of the automated monitoring and analysis system for wildlife habitats based on drone airports described in the present invention, the drone airport module includes:

[0022] Airport site selection module, used to select airport addresses around wildlife habitats;

[0023] The airport construction module is used to carry out construction at the airport address selected by the airport site selection module, including a drone take-off and landing platform, a charging module, an automatic maintenance module and a meteorological monitoring module.

[0024] As a preferred solution of the automated monitoring and analysis system for wildlife habitats based on drone airports described in the present invention, the data transmission module includes:

[0025] A wireless transmission module is used to transmit the data acquired by the environmental parameter acquisition module using a 4G / 5G network;

[0026] The data storage module is used to store the data transmitted by the wireless transmission module.

[0027] As a preferred solution of the automated monitoring and analysis system for wildlife habitats based on drone airports described in the present invention, the data analysis module includes:

[0028] A time series analysis module, used for performing time series analysis on the data transmitted by the data transmission module;

[0029] The spatial distribution analysis module is used to perform spatial distribution analysis on the data transmitted by the data transmission module.

[0030] As a preferred solution of the automated monitoring and analysis system for wildlife habitats based on drone airports described in the present invention, the time series analysis module includes:

[0031] The data preprocessing module is used to clean the data transmitted by the data transmission module to remove errors, missing values ​​or abnormal values;

[0032] The trend analysis module is used to fit the trend of data changing over time based on linear regression and polynomial regression methods.

[0033] As a preferred solution of the automated monitoring and analysis system for wildlife habitats based on drone airports described in the present invention, the time series analysis module further includes:

[0034] Seasonal analysis module, which is used to decompose time series data into trend terms, seasonal terms and residual terms. By analyzing seasonal terms, the periodic activity patterns of wild animals in different seasons can be clarified.

[0035] The future trend prediction module is used to predict future changes in the number of wild animals based on historical data.

[0036] As a preferred solution of the automated monitoring and analysis system for wildlife habitats based on drone airports described in the present invention, the spatial distribution analysis module includes:

[0037] A geographic information system building module is used to import the monitoring data with geographic coordinates collected by drones into GIS software to build a spatial database, including wildlife location data, habitat boundaries, and topographic spatial layers, providing a data basis for subsequent analysis;

[0038] The kernel density estimation module is used to estimate the spatial distribution density of wild animals. Based on the animal location points, by setting appropriate bandwidth parameters, the density of animals around each spatial location is calculated and a density distribution map is generated to facilitate the identification of core habitats and marginal areas.

[0039] The spatial autocorrelation analysis module is used to measure the degree of aggregation or dispersion of the spatial distribution of wild animals, so as to understand the animal distribution pattern and its causes.

[0040] As a preferred solution of the automated monitoring and analysis system for wildlife habitats based on drone airports described in the present invention, the spatial distribution analysis module further includes:

[0041] The buffer zone analysis module is used to create a buffer zone with a certain radius centered on key elements in wildlife habitats, first analyze the distribution of wildlife within the buffer zone, and then evaluate the scope and degree of impact of key elements on animal activities;

[0042] The spatial overlay analysis module is used to overlay different spatial layers to analyze the distribution differences of different species in different vegetation and land use types, reveal the relationship between animals and environmental factors, and provide a reference for habitat protection and planning.

[0043] Compared with existing technologies:

[0044] The present invention can realize 24-hour uninterrupted automatic monitoring, greatly improving the continuity of monitoring. Through preset task planning, the drone can independently perform monitoring work, greatly improving the monitoring efficiency. Compared with traditional methods, it can not only cover a wider area, but also obtain a large amount of monitoring data in time; in addition, it can also realize long-distance monitoring to reduce interference with the normal life of wild animals and obtain data in a more natural state. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the time series analysis module flow of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the flow of the spatial distribution analysis module of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0049] The present invention provides an automated monitoring and analysis system for wildlife habitats based on drone airports. Figure 1-Figure 3 ;

[0050] It includes: a drone airport module, which is used to select and establish a drone airport; a drone planning module, which is used to plan the flight route, monitoring area, flight altitude and shooting time of the drone according to the location of the drone airport and its monitoring needs; an environmental parameter acquisition module, which is used to acquire the environmental parameters collected by the drone when the drone performs the task planned by the drone planning module; a data transmission module, which is used to transmit and store the data acquired by the environmental parameter acquisition module; an image recognition module, which is used to process the image data transmitted by the data transmission module to realize automatic recognition and counting of wild animals; a data analysis module, which is used to perform time series analysis and spatial distribution analysis on the data transmitted by the data transmission module to explore the activity patterns, migration routes and habitat utilization of wild animals, and at the same time, combine meteorological and geographical environment data to analyze the impact of environmental factors on wild animals; a user interaction module, which is used to enable users to view monitoring images and data analysis results in real time.

[0051] The drone airport module includes: an airport site selection module, which is used to select an airport address around a wildlife habitat; an airport construction module, which is used to build at the airport address selected by the airport site selection module, including a drone take-off and landing platform, a charging module, an automatic maintenance module and a meteorological monitoring module.

[0052] The data transmission module includes: a wireless transmission module, which is used to transmit the data acquired by the environmental parameter acquisition module using the 4G / 5G network; and a data storage module, which is used to store the data transmitted by the wireless transmission module.

[0053] The image recognition module includes: a storage module for storing various wild animal image data and their names; a comparison module for comparing the image data transmitted by the data transmission module with the image data stored in the storage module; a judgment module for judging whether the image data transmitted by the data transmission module is similar to the image data in the storage module, and if so, the name of the wild animal in the image data will be obtained; a feature extraction module for extracting features from the image data transmitted by the data transmission module when the judgment module cannot determine the wild animal; an analysis module for analyzing the features extracted by the feature extraction module in combination with the storage module to analyze the name of the wild animal that cannot be determined; a marking module for marking the wild animals in the image transmitted by the data transmission module one by one according to the name of the wild animal; a calculation module for counting the marks marked by the marking module to obtain the number of wild animals; wherein, the image recognition module can be used to identify the wild animals in the image in multiple different ways, thereby improving the recognition accuracy to a certain extent.

[0054] The data analysis module includes: a time series analysis module for performing time series analysis on the data transmitted by the data transmission module; and a space distribution analysis module for performing space distribution analysis on the data transmitted by the data transmission module.

[0055] The time series analysis module includes: a data preprocessing module, which is used to clean the data transmitted by the data transmission module to remove errors, missing or abnormal values; a trend analysis module, which is used to fit the trend of data changes over time according to linear regression and polynomial regression methods; a seasonal analysis module, which is used to decompose the time series data into trend terms, seasonal terms and residual terms, and clarify the periodic activity patterns of wild animals in different seasons by analyzing the seasonal terms; a future trend prediction module, which is used to predict future changes in the number of wild animals based on historical data.

[0056] The spatial distribution analysis module includes: a geographic information system building module, which is used to import the monitoring data with geographic coordinates collected by the drone into the GIS software to build a spatial database, including wildlife location point data, habitat boundaries, and topographic spatial layers, to provide a data basis for subsequent analysis; a kernel density estimation module, which is used to estimate the spatial distribution density of wildlife, based on the animal location points, by setting appropriate bandwidth parameters, calculating the density of animals around each spatial location, and generating a density distribution map to facilitate the identification of core habitats and marginal areas; a spatial autocorrelation analysis module, which is used to measure the degree of aggregation or dispersion of the spatial distribution of wildlife, so as to understand the animal distribution pattern and its formation reasons; a buffer zone analysis module, which is used to create a buffer zone of a certain radius with the key elements in the wildlife habitat as the center, first analyze the distribution of wildlife within the buffer zone, and then evaluate the scope and degree of the impact of the key elements on animal activities; a spatial overlay analysis module, which is used to overlay different spatial layers to analyze the distribution differences of different species in different vegetation and land use types, reveal the relationship between animals and environmental factors, and provide a reference for habitat protection and planning.

[0057] During specific use, the operating steps of those skilled in the art are as follows:

[0058] Step 1: Use the airport site selection module to select an airport address around the wildlife habitat. After the selection, the airport construction module will be used to build the airport address selected by the airport site selection module, including the drone landing and take-off platform, charging module, automatic maintenance module and meteorological monitoring module;

[0059] Step 2: The UAV planning module is used to plan the flight route, monitoring area, flight altitude, and shooting time of the UAV according to the location of the UAV airport and its monitoring requirements. After planning, the environmental parameter acquisition module will be used to obtain the environmental parameters collected by the UAV when the UAV performs the task planned by the UAV planning module;

[0060] Step 3: The data acquired by the environmental parameter acquisition module is transmitted through the wireless transmission module using the 4G / 5G network. After the transmission, the data transmitted by the wireless transmission module is stored through the data storage module;

[0061] Step 4: The image data transmitted by the data transmission module is compared with the image data stored in the storage module through the comparison module. After the comparison, the judgment module will be used to judge whether the image data transmitted by the data transmission module is similar to the image data in the storage module. If so, the name of the wild animal in the image data will be obtained. If the judgment module cannot judge the wild animal, the feature extraction module will be used to extract the features in the image data transmitted by the data transmission module. After the extraction, the analysis module will be used to analyze the features extracted by the feature extraction module in combination with the storage module to analyze the name of the wild animal that cannot be judged. After that, the marking module will be used to mark the wild animals in the image transmitted by the data transmission module one by one according to the name of the wild animal. After marking, the marks marked by the marking module will be counted by the calculation module to obtain the number of wild animals.

[0062] Step 5: The data transmitted by the data transmission module is cleaned through the data preprocessing module to remove errors, missing or outliers. Then, the trend analysis module is used to fit the trend of data changes over time according to linear regression and polynomial regression methods. After that, the time series data is decomposed into trend terms, seasonal terms and residual terms through the seasonal analysis module. By analyzing the seasonal terms, the periodic activity patterns of wild animals in different seasons are clarified. Finally, the future trend prediction module is used to predict the future changes in the number of wild animals based on historical data.

[0063] Step 6: Import the monitoring data with geographic coordinates collected by the drone into the GIS software through the geographic information system building module to build a spatial database, including wildlife location data, habitat boundaries, and topographic spatial layers to provide a data basis for subsequent analysis. Then, the kernel density estimation module will be used to estimate the spatial distribution density of wildlife. Based on the animal location points, the density of animals around each spatial location will be calculated by setting appropriate bandwidth parameters to generate a density distribution map to facilitate the identification of core habitats and marginal areas. After that, the spatial autocorrelation analysis module will be used to measure the degree of aggregation or dispersion of the spatial distribution of wildlife in order to understand the animal distribution pattern and its causes. After understanding, the buffer zone analysis module will be used to create a buffer zone with a certain radius centered on the key elements in the wildlife habitat. The distribution of wildlife within the buffer zone will be analyzed first, and then the scope and degree of the impact of the key elements on animal activities will be evaluated. After the evaluation, the different spatial layers will be superimposed through the spatial overlay analysis module to analyze the distribution differences of different species in different vegetation and land use types, reveal the relationship between animals and environmental factors, and provide a reference for habitat protection and planning;

[0064] Step 7: Enable users to view monitoring images and data analysis results in real time through the user interaction module.

[0065] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to the embodiments, various modifications may be made thereto and parts thereof may be replaced by equivalents without departing from the scope of the present invention. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various features in the embodiments disclosed in the present invention may be used in combination with each other in any manner, and the fact that these combinations are not exhaustively described in this specification is only for the sake of omitting space and saving resources. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. The automated wildlife habitat monitoring and analysis system based on drone airports is characterized by: include: The drone airport module is used to select and establish drone airports; The drone planning module is used to plan the flight route, monitoring area, flight altitude, and shooting time of the drone according to the drone airport location and its monitoring requirements; The environmental parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the environmental parameters collected by the drone when the drone performs the task planned by the drone planning module; A data transmission module, used for transmitting and storing the data acquired by the environmental parameter acquisition module; An image recognition module is used to process the image data transmitted by the data transmission module to realize automatic recognition and counting of wild animals; The data analysis module is used to perform time series analysis and spatial distribution analysis on the data transmitted by the data transmission module to explore the activity patterns, migration routes and habitat utilization of wild animals. At the same time, combined with meteorological and geographical environmental data, it analyzes the impact of environmental factors on wild animals. User interaction module, used to enable users to view monitoring images and data analysis results in real time; The image recognition module comprises: A storage module, used for storing various wild animal image data and their names; A comparison module, used for comparing the image data transmitted by the data transmission module with the image data stored in the storage module; A judging module, used for judging whether the image data transmitted by the data transmission module exists in the storage module, and if so, obtaining the name of the wild animal in the image data; A feature extraction module, used to extract features from the image data transmitted by the data transmission module when the judgment module cannot judge the wild animal; An analysis module, used for analyzing the features extracted by the feature extraction module in combination with the storage module, so as to analyze the name of the wild animal that cannot be identified; A marking module, used for marking the wild animals in the image transmitted by the data transmission module one by one according to the names of the wild animals; The calculation module is used to count the marks marked by the marking module to obtain the number of wild animals.

2. The automated wildlife habitat monitoring and analysis system based on drone airports according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The drone airport module includes: Airport site selection module, used to select airport addresses around wildlife habitats; The airport construction module is used to carry out construction at the airport address selected by the airport site selection module, including a drone take-off and landing platform, a charging module, an automatic maintenance module and a meteorological monitoring module.

3. The automated wildlife habitat monitoring and analysis system based on drone airports according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data transmission module comprises: A wireless transmission module is used to transmit the data acquired by the environmental parameter acquisition module using a 4G / 5G network; The data storage module is used to store the data transmitted by the wireless transmission module.

4. The automated wildlife habitat monitoring and analysis system based on drone airports according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data analysis module includes: A time series analysis module, used for performing time series analysis on the data transmitted by the data transmission module; The spatial distribution analysis module is used to perform spatial distribution analysis on the data transmitted by the data transmission module.

5. The automated wildlife habitat monitoring and analysis system based on drone airports according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The time series analysis module includes: The data preprocessing module is used to clean the data transmitted by the data transmission module to remove errors, missing values ​​or abnormal values; The trend analysis module is used to fit the trend of data changing over time based on linear regression and polynomial regression methods.

6. The automated wildlife habitat monitoring and analysis system based on drone airports according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The time series analysis module also includes: Seasonal analysis module, which is used to decompose time series data into trend terms, seasonal terms and residual terms. By analyzing seasonal terms, the periodic activity patterns of wild animals in different seasons can be clarified. The future trend prediction module is used to predict future changes in the number of wild animals based on historical data.

7. The automated wildlife habitat monitoring and analysis system based on drone airports according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The spatial distribution analysis module includes: A geographic information system building module is used to import the monitoring data with geographic coordinates collected by drones into GIS software to build a spatial database, including wildlife location data, habitat boundaries, and topographic spatial layers, providing a data basis for subsequent analysis; The kernel density estimation module is used to estimate the spatial distribution density of wild animals. Based on the animal location points, by setting appropriate bandwidth parameters, the density of animals around each spatial location is calculated to generate a density distribution map to facilitate the identification of core habitats and marginal areas. The spatial autocorrelation analysis module is used to measure the degree of aggregation or dispersion of the spatial distribution of wild animals, so as to understand the animal distribution pattern and its causes.

8. The automated wildlife habitat monitoring and analysis system based on drone airports according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The spatial distribution analysis module also includes: The buffer zone analysis module is used to create a buffer zone with a certain radius centered on key elements in wildlife habitats, first analyze the distribution of wildlife within the buffer zone, and then evaluate the scope and degree of impact of key elements on animal activities; The spatial overlay analysis module is used to overlay different spatial layers to analyze the distribution differences of different species in different vegetation and land use types, reveal the relationship between animals and environmental factors, and provide a reference for habitat protection and planning.

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