Sputum suction training model

Abstract

The invention provides a sputum suction training model which comprises an airway model, a sputum storage barrel, a sputum suction pipe, a sputum conveying device and a sputum suction device. The sputum conveying device comprises a sputum conveying pipe connected with the sputum storage barrel and a plurality of sputum output heads which are connected with the sputum conveying pipe and arranged in the airway model, and negative pressure pumps used for pumping simulated sputum in the sputum storage barrel into the airway model are arranged at the sputum output heads; an outlet of the sputum suction pipe is connected with an inlet of the sputum storage barrel, the sputum suction device generates negative pressure, and simulated sputum in the airway model is sucked out through the sputum suction pipe and discharged into the sputum storage barrel. Simulated sputum in the sputum storage barrel is pumped out by the negative pressure pump to the sputum output head to simulate sputum secretion, the simulated sputum is trained to enter the airway through the oropharynx for sputum suction, the simulated sputum sucked out by the sputum suction tube enters the sputum storage barrel to be recycled, and waste of the simulated sputum is reduced; and the corresponding negative pressure pump works when sputum suction training needs to be carried out at the position of the airway, so that accurate training is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of medical auxiliary technology, and in particular relates to a sputum suction training model. Background Art

[0002] Suctioning is one of the important nursing measures to maintain airway patency and effectively clear respiratory secretions. However, improper suctioning can cause complications such as hypoxia, arrhythmia, and lung infection. Therefore, it is very necessary for medical staff to correctly master the suction operation and improve their proficiency in the operation, such as through suction training models.

[0003] CN201610230194.3 discloses a new type of sputum suction training model, which can simulate sputum outflow and prompt sputum suction overpressure and timeout, so as to facilitate trainees to master sputum suction skills. The above-mentioned patent does not recycle the simulated sputum sucked out by the suction tube, resulting in waste of simulated sputum, and improper handling of unrecycled simulated sputum will pollute the operation site, and the viscous simulated sputum is not easy to clean; in addition, the sputum concentration at different positions of the airway is the same. In practice, the sputum concentration at different positions of the airway is different, and only sputum of the same concentration can be used, which cannot better simulate the sputum situation. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, and the purpose of the present invention is to provide a sputum suction training model.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a sputum suction training model, comprising an airway model, a sputum storage bucket, a sputum suction tube, a sputum delivery device for delivering simulated sputum in the sputum storage bucket to the airway model, and a sputum suction device for sucking out the simulated sputum in the airway model into the sputum storage bucket through the sputum suction tube; the airway model comprises a trachea model, an oral cavity model connected to the upper end of the trachea model, and a bronchial model connected to the lower end of the trachea model; the sputum delivery device comprises a sputum delivery tube connected to the outlet of the sputum storage bucket and a parallel device connected to the outlet of the sputum delivery tube Multiple sputum outlet heads are arranged, and sputum outlet heads are arranged in the trachea model, the oral cavity model and the bronchial model. The sputum outlet heads are provided with a negative pressure pump for extracting simulated sputum in the sputum storage bucket and secreting it into the airway model through the sputum outlet heads; a sensing component is arranged in the sputum outlet head, and the sensing component can monitor the suction pressure and suction time when the sputum is suctioned by the suction tube; the outlet of the suction tube is connected with the inlet of the sputum storage bucket, and the suction tube is inserted into the airway model, and the suction device generates negative pressure, and the simulated sputum in the airway model is sucked out through the suction tube and discharged into the sputum storage bucket.

[0006] The above technical solution uses a negative pressure pump to draw simulated sputum from the sputum storage bucket to the sputum output head to simulate sputum secretion, and inserts a sputum suction tube into the airway model through the oral model to suck sputum, which can be trained to enter the airway through the oropharynx for sputum suction, and the simulated sputum sucked out by the sputum suction tube enters the sputum storage bucket for recovery, reducing the waste of simulated sputum. An independently working negative pressure pump is set at each sputum position in the airway model, and the corresponding negative pressure pump is operated at the position of the airway where sputum suction training is required, so as to achieve the purpose of precise training.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the airway model also includes a nasal cavity model connected to the upper end of the trachea model, and the nasal cavity model is also provided with a sputum outlet head, a negative pressure pump and a sensing component.

[0008] The above technical solution can also train the airway system to enter through the nasopharynx by setting up a nasal cavity model, thereby improving practicality.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the signal output terminal of the sensing component is connected to the input terminal of the controller, and the alarm control terminal of the controller is connected to the alarm.

[0010] The above technical solution, by setting an alarm, when the trainee suctions for too long, or the suction action is not gentle, or the suction pressure is too high, the alarm will sound a reminder, so that the trainee can control the suction time and suction intensity.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a flushing liquid storage barrel connected to the outlet of the suction tube. The flushing liquid storage barrel and the sputum storage barrel are arranged in parallel. The sputum suction device generates negative pressure, and the flushing liquid in the airway model is sucked out through the suction tube and discharged into the flushing liquid storage barrel.

[0012] The above technical solution, by providing a flushing liquid storage barrel, can also train the use of flushing liquid to flush the airway after suctioning sputum, and perform nursing work after training the system.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outlet of the sputum suction tube is connected to a sputum suction branch and a liquid suction branch arranged in parallel, the outlets of the sputum suction branch and the liquid suction branch are respectively connected to a sputum storage bucket and a flushing liquid storage bucket, and the sputum suction branch and the liquid suction branch are respectively provided with a sputum suction valve and a liquid suction valve.

[0014] The above technical solution is connected to the sputum storage bucket and the flushing liquid storage bucket through the sputum suction branch pipe and the liquid suction branch pipe respectively. By opening and closing the sputum suction valve and the liquid suction valve, the flow direction of the sputum and the flushing liquid can be controlled, and the operation is convenient.

[0015] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a drain valve for draining the flushing liquid therein is provided at the bottom of the flushing liquid storage barrel.

[0016] The above technical solution can control the release of flushing liquid by setting a drain valve, thereby facilitating the discharge of flushing liquid in the flushing liquid storage barrel.

[0017] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a sputum suction outer barrel, and the sputum storage barrel and the flushing liquid storage barrel are two inner barrels installed side by side in the sputum suction outer barrel, the tops of the sputum storage barrel and the flushing liquid storage barrel are connected, and a negative pressure interface is provided on the top of the sputum suction outer barrel, and the sputum suction device is connected to the negative pressure interface through a negative pressure tube.

[0018] The above technical scheme, by setting up a sputum suction outer barrel, installs the sputum storage barrel and the flushing liquid storage barrel in the sputum suction outer barrel, thereby the sputum suction device generates negative pressure on the sputum suction outer barrel, and at the same time cooperates with the opening and closing of the sputum suction valve and the liquid suction valve, so that the simulated sputum sucked out by the sputum suction tube can enter the sputum storage barrel, and the flushing liquid sucked out can enter the flushing liquid storage barrel. Therefore, setting up a sputum suction device can realize sputum suction and cleaning liquid suction, thereby reducing costs.

[0019] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the concentration of the simulated sputum at each position of the airway model can be adjusted separately, and a heating device is provided in or outside each sputum output head, and the heating device is used to heat the simulated sputum secreted by the sputum output head to increase the concentration of the simulated sputum by evaporation.

[0020] In the above technical solution, the heating device heats the water in the simulated sputum to evaporate so as to adjust the concentration of the simulated sputum. Thus, simulated sputum of the same or different concentrations can be arranged at different positions in the airway model to meet different training needs.

[0021] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of independently operable airbags are provided at intervals in the inner wall of the airway model, each airbag is connected to the inflation and deflation device via an inflation and deflation tube, and by inflating the airbag, the airbag can expand and protrude into the airway model.

[0022] The above technical solution, by setting an air bag and inflating the air bag to simulate the presence of a protrusion in the airway, simulates the obstruction of the airway, so that the training model can also be used for suction training with protrusions in the airway.

[0023] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a training indication device is further included, wherein the training indication device determines the sputum suction pressure and the sputum suction time according to the concentration of sputum and the patency of the airway and issues a prompt;

[0024] Method for determining suction pressure:

[0025] P=P0+α1C s +β1d z ;

[0026] Among them, P is the suction pressure, P0 is the basic suction pressure for children (60-80 mmHg), C s is the sputum concentration, α1 is the influence coefficient of sputum concentration on sputum suction pressure, d z is the airway obstruction rate, β1 is the influence coefficient of airway obstruction on sputum suction pressure;

[0027] Method for determining suction time:

[0028] T=T0+α2C s +β2d z ;

[0029] Among them, T is the suction time, T0 is the basic suction time, α2 is the influence coefficient of sputum concentration on suction time, and β2 is the influence coefficient of airway obstruction on suction time.

[0030] In the above technical solution, the training indication device determines the suction pressure and suction time according to the sputum concentration and the patency of the airway and issues prompts. Trainees can perform training under different sputum concentrations and different airway patency, which makes it easier for trainees to master the suction time and suction pressure under different sputum concentrations and different airway patency, and the suction training is more comprehensive.

[0031] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0033] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a sputum suction training model in Example 1.

[0034] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of another sputum suction training model of embodiment 1.

[0035] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a sputum suction training model in Example 2.

[0036] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a sputum suction training model in Example 3. The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: airway model 10, trachea model 11, oral model 12, bronchial model 13, nasal model 14, liquid receiving tray 15, sputum suction outer barrel 20, negative pressure interface 20a, sputum storage barrel 21, sputum suction branch pipe 211, sputum suction valve 212, flushing liquid storage barrel 22, suction branch pipe 221, suction valve 223, sewage valve 223, sputum suction tube 30, sputum delivery tube 41, sputum output head 42, negative pressure pump 43, sputum suction device 50, negative pressure tube 51, induction component 60, heating device (electric heating plate) 70, air bag 80. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “vertical”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside” and “outside” etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it should be noted that the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or it can be the internal connection between two components. It can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] Embodiment 1

[0041] This embodiment provides a sputum suction training model, such as Figure 1 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the training model includes an airway model 10, a sputum storage barrel 21, a sputum suction tube 30, a sputum delivery device for delivering simulated sputum (the simulated sputum can be made in a current manner and has the appearance and texture of sputum) in the sputum storage barrel 21 to the airway model 10, and a sputum suction device 50 for sucking the simulated sputum in the airway model 10 out into the sputum storage barrel 21 through the sputum suction tube 30. The sputum suction device 50 is a negative pressure device in the prior art for sucking sputum.

[0042] The airway model 10 includes a tracheal model 11, an oral model 12 connected to the upper end of the tracheal model 11, and a bronchial model 13 connected to the lower end of the tracheal model 11, and two bronchial models 13 are bifurcated from the lower end of the tracheal model 11; preferably, the airway model 10 also includes a nasal cavity model 14 connected to the upper end of the tracheal model 11, and the nasal cavity model 14 and the oral model 12 are bifurcated from the upper end of the tracheal model 11 to simulate the oropharynx and nasopharynx of a person. The airway model 10 is preferably made of transparent material, so that trainees and teaching teachers can see the simulated sputum and sputum suction process in the airway model 10, which is convenient for teaching and training.

[0043] The sputum delivery device includes a sputum delivery tube 41 connected to the outlet of the sputum storage barrel 21 and a plurality of sputum output heads 42 connected to the outlet of the sputum delivery tube 41 and arranged in parallel. For example, the sputum delivery tube 41 is inserted into the sputum storage barrel 21 from the top of the sputum storage barrel 21. Sputum output heads 42 are arranged in the trachea model 11, the oral cavity model 12, the nasal cavity model 14 and the bronchial model 13. The sputum output head 42 is embedded in the side wall of the airway model 10, and its surface is flush with the surface of the inner wall of the airway model 10. Since the length of the trachea model 11 is relatively long, a plurality of sputum output heads 42 can be arranged along the length direction of the trachea model 11. Each sputum outlet head 42 is provided with a negative pressure pump 43 for extracting simulated sputum from the sputum storage barrel 21 and secreting it into the airway model 10 through the sputum outlet head 42. The negative pressure pump 43 can be arranged inside the airway model 10 or outside the airway model 10, close to the sputum outlet head 42 and upstream thereof; preferably, the surface of the sputum outlet head 42 is provided with a plurality of sputum secretion sieve holes to make the secreted simulated sputum more uniform. A sensing component 60 is arranged inside the sputum outlet head 42, and the sensing component 60 can monitor the suction pressure and suction time of the suction tube 30 during suction. Monitoring the suction pressure and suction time by the sensing component 60 is a prior art, such as disclosed in CN201610230194.3.

[0044] When the training model of the present invention is used to perform pharyngeal (including nasopharynx and oropharynx) suction training, the negative pressure pump 43 at the target suction position is first started, and the negative pressure pump 43 extracts the simulated sputum in the sputum storage bucket 21 through the sputum delivery tube 41, and secretes and outputs it to the airway model 10 through the sputum output head 42. The outlet of the suction tube 30 is connected to the entrance of the sputum storage bucket 21, and the suction tube 30 is inserted into the airway model 10 through the entrance of the oral model 12 or the entrance of the nasal model 14. The entrance of the suction tube 30 is close to the simulated sputum at the target suction position. The suction device 50 generates negative pressure when it works. Under the action of negative pressure, the simulated sputum at the target suction position is sucked out and discharged into the sputum storage bucket 21 through the suction tube 30, and the simulated sputum is trained and recovered. It is a prior art to use the suction device 50 to suction sputum, and the suction process is not described in detail here.

[0045] During suction training, the sensor component 60 monitors the suction pressure and time of the suction tube 30 during suction, so that the trainees can master and adjust the suction pressure and time to avoid excessive suction and prolonged suction. Preferably, the signal output end of the sensor component 60 is connected to the input end of the controller, and the alarm control end of the controller is connected to the alarm. When the trainees' suction time is too long, or the suction action is not gentle, or the suction pressure is too high, the alarm will sound an alarm.

[0046] In another preferred embodiment, the training model further includes a flushing liquid storage barrel 22 connected to the outlet of the sputum suction tube 30, a drain valve 223 for discharging the flushing liquid therein is provided at the bottom of the flushing liquid storage barrel 22, the flushing liquid storage barrel 22 is arranged in parallel with the sputum storage barrel 21, and the sputum suction device 50 generates negative pressure, and the flushing liquid in the airway model 10 is sucked out and discharged into the flushing liquid storage barrel 22 through the sputum suction tube 30. Specifically, the outlet of the sputum suction tube 30 is connected to a sputum suction branch pipe 211 and a liquid suction branch pipe 221 arranged in parallel, and the outlets of the sputum suction branch pipe 211 and the liquid suction branch pipe 221 are respectively connected to the sputum storage barrel 21 and the flushing liquid storage barrel 22, and the sputum suction branch pipe 211 and the liquid suction branch pipe 221 are respectively provided with a sputum suction valve 212 and a liquid suction valve 223.

[0047] When suctioning sputum, open the suction valve 212, close the suction valve 223, and the simulated sputum sucked out by the suction tube 30 enters the sputum storage barrel 21 through the suction branch pipe 211. After suctioning sputum, pull out the suction tube 30 from the airway model 10, use a clean flushing liquid (such as bottled sterile water for injection) to flush the inside of the airway model 10, and practice flushing the airway after actual suctioning; open the suction valve 223, close the suction valve 212, insert the suction tube 30 into the airway model 10, and the suction device 50 generates negative pressure when it works. Under the action of negative pressure, the flushing liquid in the airway model 10 is extracted through the suction tube 30 and discharged into the flushing liquid storage barrel 22 through the suction branch pipe 221.

[0048] In the present invention, the training model also includes a sputum suction outer barrel 20, a sputum storage barrel 21 and a flushing liquid storage barrel 22 are two inner barrels arranged side by side and installed in the sputum suction outer barrel 20, a sputum suction branch pipe 211 is inserted from the top of the sputum storage barrel 21, and a liquid suction branch pipe 221 is inserted from the top of the flushing liquid storage barrel 22; the tops of the sputum storage barrel 21 and the flushing liquid storage barrel 22 are connected, and a negative pressure interface 20a is provided at the top of the sputum suction outer barrel 20, for example, the negative pressure interface 20a is provided at the top of the flushing liquid storage barrel 22, and the sputum suction device 50 is connected to the negative pressure interface 20a through a negative pressure pipe 51. The sputum suction valve 212 and the liquid suction valve 223 are provided in or outside the sputum suction outer barrel 20. When the sputum suction valve 212 and the liquid suction valve 223 are provided in the sputum suction outer barrel 20, a switch for controlling the opening and closing of the sputum suction valve 212 and the liquid suction valve 223 can be provided in the sputum suction outer barrel 20.

[0049] When sputum suction is required, the sputum suction valve 212 is opened, the liquid suction valve 223 is closed, and the sputum suction device 50 operates to generate negative pressure in the flushing liquid storage barrel 22. Since the tops of the sputum storage barrel 21 and the flushing liquid storage barrel 22 are connected, negative pressure is also generated in the sputum storage barrel 21, so that the simulated sputum in the airway model 10 is sucked into the sputum storage barrel 21 through the sputum suction branch pipe 211 and the sputum suction tube 30. When the flushing liquid in the airway model 10 is extracted, the liquid suction valve 223 is opened, the sputum suction valve 212 is closed, and the sputum suction device 50 operates to generate negative pressure in the flushing liquid storage barrel 22, so that the flushing liquid in the airway model 10 is sucked into the flushing liquid storage barrel 22 through the liquid suction branch pipe 221 and the sputum suction tube 30.

[0050] In the present invention, the lower end of the bronchial model 13 is as follows Figure 1 Not closed, or as shown Figure 2 As shown closed. Figure 1 As shown, when the lower end of the bronchial model 13 is not closed, a liquid receiving tray 15 is provided below the bronchial model 13 for receiving the flushing liquid for flushing the airway model 10. When the suction tube 30 is used to extract the flushing liquid in the airway model 10, the suction tube 30 should be inserted into the liquid receiving tray 15.

[0051] Embodiment 2

[0052] The structural principle of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, except that Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the concentration of the simulated sputum at each position of the airway model 10 can be adjusted separately. Specifically, a heating device 70 is provided in or outside each sputum output head 42, such as an electric heating plate fixedly connected to the sputum output head 42. Specifically, the surface of the sputum output head 42 that secretes the simulated sputum can be made into an electric heating plate 70, and the sputum secretion sieve hole is provided on the electric heating plate 70. The heating device 70 is used to heat the simulated sputum secreted by the sputum output head 42 to increase the concentration of the simulated sputum by evaporation. Among them, the simulated sputum can be obtained in the following ways: corn starch and water, which will produce a mucus-like effect after mixing with water, and is used to simulate sputum; honey and water: honey and water can also create a viscous liquid when mixed, which is used to simulate sputum.

[0053] In the present embodiment, the concentration of the simulated sputum in the sputum storage barrel 21 is low, and the sputum is relatively thin. According to the training requirements, when a more viscous simulated sputum concentration is required, after the sputum output head 42 secretes the simulated sputum, the heating device 70 at the corresponding position works, and the heating device 70 heats the simulated sputum secreted by the sputum output head 42 to evaporate the water therein to increase the concentration of the simulated sputum. The higher the concentration of the simulated sputum required, the longer the heating time, and the more water evaporated, thereby controlling the heating time of the heating device 70 to adjust the concentration of the simulated sputum. The heating device 70 at each position can work independently, so that the simulated sputum of the same or different concentrations can be arranged at different positions in the airway model 10 to meet different training requirements.

[0054] Embodiment 3

[0055] The structural principle of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the first and second embodiments, except that Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, a plurality of independently operable airbags 80 are arranged at intervals in the inner wall of the airway model 10, each airbag 80 is connected to the air inflation and deflation device through an air inflation and deflation tube, each air inflation and deflation tube is provided with an air inflation and deflation valve, and the air inflation and deflation device can adopt a medical pump. The airbag 80 is inflated by the air inflation and deflation device, and the airbag 80 can expand and protrude into the airway model 10 to simulate a protrusion (such as a tumor or a blister, etc.) in the airway; the airbag 80 is deflated by the air inflation and deflation device, and the airbag 80 can retract into the inner wall of the airway model 10.

[0056] When it is necessary to train the suction work of patients with tumors on the inner wall of the bronchus, the inflation valve corresponding to the airbag 80 in the bronchial model 13 is opened, and the inflation and deflation device works to inflate the airbag 80 in the bronchial model 13 so that the airbag 80 expands and protrudes into the bronchial model 13 to simulate the presence of a tumor on the inner wall of the bronchus. During training, trainees need to try their best to avoid the inflated airbag 80. If they cannot avoid the airbag 80, they should move gently.

[0057] It should be noted that by inflating the airbag 80 with sufficient air through the inflation and deflation device, the airbag 80 can also close the corresponding position of the airway model 10 to achieve the opening of different positions of the airway.

[0058] Embodiment 4

[0059] The structural principle of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the second embodiment and the second embodiment, except that, in addition to the heating device 70 and the air bag 80, the training model also includes a training indicator device (not shown in the figure), which determines the suction pressure and suction time according to the concentration of sputum and the patency of the airway and issues a prompt. The lower end of the bronchial model 13 of this embodiment is not closed.

[0060] Method for determining suction pressure:

[0061] P=P0+α1C s +β1d z ;

[0062] Among them, P is the suction pressure, P0 is the basic suction pressure (80-100 mmHg for adults and 60-80 mmHg for children), C s is the sputum concentration (the concentration of simulated sputum sucked out of the airway model by the suction tube), α1 is the influence coefficient of sputum concentration on sputum suction pressure (can be determined experimentally and increases with the increase of sputum concentration), d z is the airway obstruction rate (the ratio of the sum of the volumes of the airbag 80 to the volume when the airway is unobstructed, the volume of the airbag 80 can be determined by the maximum), β1 is the influence coefficient of the airway obstruction on the suction pressure (can be determined experimentally and increases with the increase of the degree of airway obstruction).

[0063] Method for determining suction time:

[0064] T=T0+α2C s +β2d z ;

[0065] Among them, T is the suction time, T0 is the basic suction time (for example, 10 seconds), α2 is the influence coefficient of sputum concentration on suction time (which can be determined according to experiments and increases with the increase of sputum concentration), and β2 is the influence coefficient of airway obstruction on suction time (which can be determined according to experiments and increases with the increase of airway obstruction degree).

[0066] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "preferred embodiment", "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0067] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A sputum suction training model, characterized in that: The invention comprises an airway model, a sputum storage bucket, a sputum suction tube, a sputum delivery device for delivering simulated sputum in the sputum storage bucket to the airway model, and a sputum suction device for sucking out the simulated sputum in the airway model into the sputum storage bucket through the sputum suction tube; The airway model includes a trachea model, an oral cavity model connected to the upper end of the trachea model, and a bronchial model connected to the lower end of the trachea model; The sputum delivery device comprises a sputum delivery tube connected to the outlet of the sputum storage barrel and a plurality of sputum delivery heads connected to the outlet of the sputum delivery tube and arranged in parallel. The sputum delivery heads are arranged in the trachea model, the oral cavity model and the bronchial model. The sputum delivery heads are provided with a negative pressure pump for extracting simulated sputum from the sputum storage barrel and secreting it into the airway model through the sputum delivery heads. The sputum outlet head is provided with a sensing component, which can monitor the suction pressure and suction time of the sputum suction tube during sputum suction; The outlet of the sputum suction tube is connected to the inlet of the sputum storage bucket. The sputum suction tube is inserted into the airway model. The sputum suction device generates negative pressure, and the simulated sputum in the airway model is sucked out through the sputum suction tube and discharged into the sputum storage bucket.

2. A sputum suction training model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The airway model also includes a nasal cavity model connected to the upper end of the trachea model, and the nasal cavity model is also provided with the sputum output head, the negative pressure pump and the sensing component.

3. A sputum suction training model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal output end of the sensing component is connected to the input end of the controller, and the alarm control end of the controller is connected to the alarm.

4. A sputum suction training model according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a flushing liquid storage barrel connected to the outlet of the suction tube. The flushing liquid storage barrel and the sputum storage barrel are arranged in parallel. The sputum suction device generates negative pressure, and the flushing liquid in the airway model is sucked out through the suction tube and discharged into the flushing liquid storage barrel.

5. A sputum suction training model according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outlet of the sputum suction tube is connected with a sputum suction branch and a liquid suction branch arranged in parallel, and the outlets of the sputum suction branch and the liquid suction branch are respectively connected to a sputum storage bucket and a flushing liquid storage bucket, and the sputum suction branch and the liquid suction branch are respectively provided with a sputum suction valve and a liquid suction valve.

6. A sputum suction training model according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the flushing liquid storage barrel is provided with a drain valve for discharging the flushing liquid therein.

7. A sputum suction training model according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes an outer sputum suction barrel, wherein the sputum storage barrel and the flushing liquid storage barrel are two inner barrels arranged side by side and installed in the outer sputum suction barrel, the tops of the sputum storage barrel and the flushing liquid storage barrel are connected, a negative pressure interface is provided on the top of the outer sputum suction barrel, and the sputum suction device is connected to the negative pressure interface through a negative pressure tube.

8. A sputum suction training model according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: The concentration of the simulated sputum at each position of the airway model can be adjusted separately. A heating device is provided in or outside each sputum output head, and the heating device is used to heat the simulated sputum secreted by the sputum output head to increase the concentration of the simulated sputum by evaporation.

9. A sputum suction training model according to claim 8, characterized in that: A plurality of independently operable air bags are arranged at intervals in the inner wall of the airway model, and each air bag is connected to an air inflation and deflation device via an air inflation and deflation tube. By inflating the air bags, the air bags can expand and protrude into the airway model.

10. A sputum suction training model according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes a training indication device, which determines the sputum suction pressure and sputum suction time according to the concentration of sputum and the patency of the airway and issues a prompt; Method for determining suction pressure: P=P0+α1C s +β1d z 4 Among them, P is the suction pressure, P0 is the basic suction pressure, C s is the sputum concentration, α1 is the influence coefficient of sputum concentration on sputum suction pressure, d z is the airway obstruction rate, β1 is the influence coefficient of airway obstruction on sputum suction pressure; Method for determining suction time: T=T0+α2C s +β2d z ; Among them, T is the suction time, T0 is the basic suction time, α2 is the influence coefficient of sputum concentration on suction time, and β2 is the influence coefficient of airway obstruction on suction time.

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