Ultra-wideband circularly-polarized wide-beam four-ridge horn antenna

Abstract

An ultra-wide-band circularly-polarized wide-beam four-ridge horn antenna comprises four ridges arranged in a circumferential shape and a metal horn side wall with a closed bottom and an open top, the ridges penetrate into the metal horn side wall and are connected with the upper surface of the bottom of the metal horn side wall, and the lower surface of the bottom of the metal horn side wall is connected with a power division phase shift network. Metal probes are respectively connected between the power division phase shift network and two adjacent ridges in the four ridges, and the other two ridges are in contact with cladding parts of the metal probes; the step radiation structure is loaded on the upper portion of the side wall of the metal horn, the working frequency band and the beam width are increased on the premise that the size is small, the beam width is adjusted and controlled by adjusting the height and width of each layer of the step radiation structure, and the beam width is further increased by introducing the circular gap into the side wall of the metal horn. And meanwhile, the metal probe which is bent by 90 degrees is arranged in the probe baffle plate, and the side feed form of the four-ridge horn antenna is changed into the bottom feed form, so that the occupation of the lateral space can be reduced on the premise of not changing the original performance of the antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of horn antennas, and in particular relates to an ultra-wideband circularly polarized wide-beam quad-ridged horn antenna. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous escalation of information warfare, the requirements for the concealment, anti-interference and reliability of missile-borne communication systems are getting higher and higher. During real-time operation, the flight posture of the missile itself has been changing, its motion characteristics are relatively complex, and the antenna installation space in missile-borne applications is also limited. At the same time, the increasingly complex electromagnetic environment has put forward more stringent requirements on the polarization characteristics of the antenna. In many cases, the commonly used linearly polarized antennas have gradually failed to meet the needs of the system. Circularly polarized waves can suppress multipath fading, can communicate with any linearly polarized antenna, and can resist interference from weather phenomena such as the ionosphere and rain and fog during propagation.

[0003] Missile-borne antennas need to have the advantages of wide bandwidth, circular polarization, low profile and high gain. On the one hand, the antenna is required to have a very wide beam, preferably able to cover the upper half of the airspace; on the other hand, the gain of the antenna in the low elevation angle area cannot be too low, that is, the antenna is required to have uniform radiation characteristics in the entire upper airspace. The radiation pattern of this type of wide-beam antenna is hemispherical in the upper half of the airspace, which is called a hemispherical beam antenna, or hemispherical antenna in engineering. In order for the antenna to obtain the highest possible gain at low elevation angles, it is necessary to "lower" part of the radiation gain in the direction of maximum radiation to compensate for the low elevation angle direction. Therefore, when observed in the rectangular coordinate system, the direction of the hemispherical wide-beam antenna is Figure 1 Therefore, studying the structure and mechanism of ultra-wideband low-profile circularly polarized hemispherical radiating antennas is a key technical difficulty in the design and testing of missile-borne antennas.

[0004] The patent application document with publication number CN112615145B discloses a hemispherical beam ultra-wideband antenna, which includes a radome, a cross-dielectric substrate, a bent cross-dividing vibrator, a complementary parasitic vibrator, a feeding balun, a metal network cover, a network dielectric substrate, a power division phase shifting network, a metalized via and a metal bottom plate. The radome adopts a dielectric hollow parabolic structure and is partially thickened at the bottom. The bent cross-dividing vibrator has two continuous bending arms, and the complementary parasitic vibrator has complementary structures on both sides. The antenna can have a directional pattern greater than -3dBi at an elevation angle (±70deg). However, the impedance bandwidth of the antenna is only 68.2%, and only the elevation angle directional patterns of the four planes of 0°, 45°, 90°, and 135° are displayed, and the directional pattern of the azimuth plane is not displayed.

[0005] There are three existing circular polarization technologies. The first is a two-arm helical antenna. The beam width and working bandwidth of a two-arm helical antenna are sufficient, but the helical line width will be very narrow when the helical antenna works in the high-frequency band. On the one hand, the power resistance performance of the antenna will be relatively poor, and on the other hand, the extremely narrow helical line is difficult to process. The second is to feed the vertically placed linear polarization unit with equal amplitude and a phase difference of 90°. If Vivaldi and log-periodic antennas are used, periodic pits will appear, and the working bandwidth of the antenna will be limited when a dipole antenna is used. The third is a quad-ridged horn antenna. The quad-ridged horn antenna has a narrow beam width in the high-frequency band. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an ultra-wideband circularly polarized wide-beam four-ridged horn antenna. By loading a stepped radiation structure on the upper part of the side wall of the metal horn, the working frequency band and beam width are improved under the premise of small size. By adjusting the height and width of each layer of the stepped radiation structure, the beam width is regulated. A circular gap is introduced on the side wall of the metal horn to further improve the beam width. At the same time, a metal probe bent at 90° is arranged inside the probe baffle. Through this method, the side feeding form of the four-ridged horn antenna is changed to bottom feeding, which can reduce the lateral space occupied without changing the original performance of the antenna.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0008] An ultra-wideband circularly polarized wide-beam four-ridged horn antenna comprises four ridges 1 arranged in a circle and a metal horn side wall 2 with a closed bottom and an open top, wherein the ridges 1 penetrate into the metal horn side wall 2 and are connected to the upper surface of the bottom thereof, a power division phase shifting network 3 is connected to the lower surface of the bottom of the metal horn side wall 2, metal probes 6 are respectively connected between the power division phase shifting network 3 and two adjacent ridges 1 among the four ridges 1, the other two ridges 1 are in contact with the cladding portion of the metal probe 6, and a stepped radiation structure 7 is arranged between two adjacent ridges 1 located on the upper part of the metal horn side wall 2.

[0009] The side surfaces of the ridge 1 are connected with metal disc structures 4 . The metal disc structures 4 are semicircular metal columns, and the straight edges of the semicircles are in contact with the ridge 1 .

[0010] The metal speaker side wall 2 is provided with a through hole 10 on the bottom upper surface, and the ridge 1 penetrates the metal speaker side wall 2 and is plugged into the through hole 10 provided on the bottom upper surface;

[0011] The metal speaker side wall 2 and the middle of the ridge 1 are both provided with screw holes 8 at corresponding positions, and a first screw 5 is arranged inside the screw hole 8 . The first screw 5 passes through the screw hole 8 on the metal speaker side wall 2 and is connected to the middle of the ridge 1 .

[0012] The power division phase shift network 3 comprises a power division phase shift network dielectric substrate 15, a metal patch 16 is provided on the upper surface of the power division phase shift network dielectric substrate 15, a metal coating 18 is provided on the lower surface of the power division phase shift network dielectric substrate 15, and the metal coating 18 is connected to the metal patch 16 through metallized vias.

[0013] The metallized vias include two types: a first type of metallized via 14 - 1 and a second type of metallized via 14 - 2 . The first type of metallized via 14 - 1 is located at the tail of the two ports of the metal patch 16 , and the second type of metallized via 14 - 2 is located at the tail of the short-circuit branch of the metal patch 16 .

[0014] The metal probe 6 is bent at 90°, and one end of the metal probe 6 is connected to the first metallized via 14-1 located at the tail of the two ports of the metal patch 16, and the other end of the metal probe 6 is inserted into two adjacent ridges 1 among the four ridges 1 for feeding the antenna, and the other two ridges 1 are in contact with the cladding part of the metal probe 6.

[0015] Circular gaps 9 are formed on the metal speaker side walls 2 located directly below the stepped radiation structure 7 .

[0016] The bottom of the metal speaker side wall 2 is wrapped with a probe baffle 17 , and the metal probe 6 is located inside the probe baffle 17 .

[0017] The probe blocking piece 17 includes a first probe blocking piece 11 and a second probe blocking piece 12 . The first probe blocking piece 11 is a quarter-circle ring, and the second probe blocking piece 12 is a three-quarter-circle ring. The first probe blocking piece 11 is connected to the second probe blocking piece 12 via a second screw 13 .

[0018] The power division and phase shifting network 3 can be replaced by a bridge for feeding.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0020] 1. The present invention loads a stepped radiation structure 7 on the upper part of the metal horn side wall 2. On the one hand, the scattering effect of the stepped radiation structure 7 fills the gain pit in the azimuth plane. At the same time, the shape of the stepped radiation structure 7 gradually approaches the axial center of the antenna as the height increases, and the coupling scattering effect is better. On the other hand, the stepped radiation structure 7 reduces the radiation aperture of the antenna as a whole, and achieves a wider beam width in the elevation plane without changing the size of the antenna.

[0021] 2. The present invention loads a metal disc structure 4 on the edges of the four ridges 1. The metal disc structure 4 can extend the current path and improve the low-frequency matching of the antenna on the one hand. On the other hand, the high-frequency metal disc structure 4 can guide the current at the opening of the circular waveguide and form a side gap with the edge of the circular waveguide opening, thereby increasing the radiation intensity at low elevation angles, thereby significantly improving the low-elevation angle gain in the high-frequency band, and achieving a wider working bandwidth (working frequency band of 8-40 GHz) than the cross-dipole antenna.

[0022] 3. The present invention can improve the stability of the antenna on the one hand and ensure that the ridge 1 is in full contact with the metal speaker side wall 2 on the other hand by inserting the ridge 1 into the through hole 10 set on the bottom upper surface of the metal speaker side wall 2 and connecting the metal speaker side wall 2 to the middle of the ridge 1.

[0023] 4. The present invention can feed equal-amplitude electricity with a phase difference of 90° to the four-ridge horn antenna through the power division and phase shifting network 3, so that the antenna can achieve circular polarization; a metal probe 6 bent at 90° is used to connect the power division and phase shifting network 3 to two adjacent ridges 1 among the four ridges 1, and the metal probe 6 is located inside the probe baffle 17. The present invention changes the side feeding to the bottom feeding through this method, which can reduce the space occupied by the side wiring.

[0024] 5. The present invention loads a circular slot 9 structure on the side wall 2 of the metal horn to make the azimuth plane pattern more uniform and smooth, thereby achieving a wider azimuth plane beam width than the cross dipole antenna;

[0025] A horizontal omnidirectional antenna can be made by slotting various waveguides such as rectangular waveguides, coaxial lines, and circular waveguides; the radiation of the circular slot 9 can effectively fill the pits in the radiation pattern, thereby improving the antenna's low elevation angle gain.

[0026] In summary, the present invention achieves an impedance bandwidth of 133.4% and a spatial coverage of more than -5dBi in the pitch plane ±90° within the working bandwidth by loading a stepped radiation structure 7, a circular gap 9 and a metal disc structure 4 on the basis of using all-metal materials, while also having better power resistance performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the antenna of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a partial structural exploded diagram of the antenna of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the power division and phase shift network 3 and the ridge 1 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ridge 1 of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the metal disc structure 4 of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the metal speaker side wall 2 of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the ridge 1 and the metal probe 6 of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the metal speaker side wall 2 of the present invention.

[0035] FIG. 9( a ) is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the power division phase shift network 3 , and FIG. 9( b ) is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the power division phase shift network 3 .

[0036] Fig.10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the circular gap 9 of the present invention.

[0037] Fig.11 It is a top view of the side wall 2 of the metal speaker of the present invention.

[0038] Fig.12 1 is a graph of standing wave ratio and axial ratio of the quad-ridged horn antenna of the present invention.

[0039] Fig.13 is the elevation pattern of the present invention, wherein, Fig.13 (a) is the 8GHz radiation pattern, Fig.13 (b) is the 18 GHz radiation pattern, Fig.13 (c) is the 28GHz radiation pattern, Fig.13 (d) is the 40 GHz radiation pattern.

[0040] Fig.14 These are the azimuth plane radiation patterns of the present invention at 8 GHz, 18 GHz, 28 GHz and 40 GHz.

[0041] Among them, 1. ridge; 2. metal speaker side wall; 3. power division and phase shifting network; 4. metal disc structure; 5. first screw; 6. metal probe; 7. step radiation structure; 8. screw hole; 9. circular gap; 10. through hole; 11. first probe baffle; 12. second probe baffle; 13. second screw; 14-1. first type of metallized via; 14.2. second type of metallized via; 15. power division and phase shifting network dielectric board; 16. metal patch; 17. probe baffle; 18. metal coating. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0043] The current circularly polarized quad-ridged horn antenna has a large horn diameter and a long antenna. The larger the horn antenna diameter, the narrower the beam width. Therefore, if the existing horn antenna wants to achieve a wide beam, the horn antenna diameter must be reduced. However, the smaller the diameter, the worse the antenna standing wave ratio. To achieve an increase in beam width, a method must be found to reduce the horn antenna diameter without affecting the standing wave ratio.

[0044] In order to solve this problem, the present invention proposes a quad-ridged horn antenna with a stepped radiation structure 7, which improves the working frequency band and beam width without affecting the standing wave. In addition, slots are made on the side wall of the horn antenna to further improve the beam width. The side-feeding form of the quad-ridged horn antenna is changed to bottom-feeding, which reduces the lateral space occupied and has good radiation performance.

[0045] The invention provides an ultra-wideband circularly polarized wide-beam quad-ridged horn antenna, which mainly realizes the ultra-wideband and wide-beam performances of a circularly polarized antenna. Figure 1 It is the overall structural diagram of the antenna. In order to expand the impedance bandwidth, the present invention sets a suitable ridge curve equation; the ridge is sharpened, the matching cavity is optimized, and a series of structures are loaded to adjust the impedance characteristics at the opening of the circular waveguide; in order to expand the axial ratio bandwidth, the present invention controls the symmetry of the two pairs of ridges 1, adjusts the size of the matching cavity space, and reasonably adjusts the phase difference between the two polarized waves in the high-frequency band; the high-frequency beam is widened under the premise of ensuring the normal hemispherical radiation of the low frequency. In order to improve the low-elevation gain in the azimuth plane of the high frequency band, the present invention loads a metal disc structure 4 on the side of the ridge 1, and improves the low-elevation gain through side gap radiation. A stepped radiation structure 7 is introduced at the opening of the circular waveguide to eliminate the depression of the low-elevation gain in the high-frequency azimuth plane. A circular gap 9 and a metal disc structure 4 are introduced in the circular waveguide section to further improve the low-elevation gain of the high frequency; finally, the antenna achieves good circularly polarized hemispherical radiation performance at 8-40GHz. Specifically:

[0046] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, an ultra-wideband circularly polarized wide beam four-ridged horn antenna comprises four ridges 1 arranged in a circumferential shape and a metal horn side wall 2 with a closed bottom and an open top, wherein the ridges 1 penetrate into the metal horn side wall 2 and are connected to the upper surface of the bottom thereof, and the lower surface of the bottom of the metal horn side wall 2 is connected to a power division phase shifting network 3, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, metal probes 6 are respectively connected between the power division and phase shifting network 3 and two adjacent ridges 1 among the four ridges 1 , and the other two ridges 1 are in contact with the cladding parts of the metal probes 6 .

[0047] like Figure 4As shown, the ridge 1 includes a radiation section, a waveguide section and a fixed section, wherein the radiation section is an arc-shaped structure, which extends outward along the metal horn side wall 2, the fixed section is rectangular, inserted into the metal horn side wall 2, and the remaining part of the ridge 1 is a waveguide section, which is rectangular and directly contacts the metal probe 6 or the cladding of the metal probe 6. The side surfaces of the ridge 1 are connected with metal disc structures 4, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, the metal disc structure 4 is a semicircular metal column, and the straight edge of the semicircle is in contact with the ridge 1.

[0048] The present invention extends a metal disc structure 4 on the side of the ridge 1. On the one hand, the metal disc structure 4 can extend the current path and improve the low-frequency matching. On the other hand, the high-frequency metal disc structure 4 can guide the current at the opening of the circular waveguide and form a side gap with the edge of the circular waveguide opening, thereby increasing the radiation intensity at low elevation angles, thereby significantly improving the low-elevation-angle gain in the high-frequency band.

[0049] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Fig.11 As shown, a through hole 10 is provided on the bottom upper surface of the metal speaker side wall 2, and the ridge 1 penetrates into the metal speaker side wall 2 and is plugged into the through hole 10 provided on the bottom upper surface thereof.

[0050] like Figure 8 As shown, screw holes 8 are provided at corresponding positions of the side wall 2 of the metal speaker and the middle of the ridge 1 . There are four screw holes 8 in total. First screws 5 are arranged inside the screw holes 8 . The first screws 5 pass through the screw holes 8 on the side wall 2 of the metal speaker and are connected to the middle of the four ridges 1 .

[0051] On the one hand, the stability of the antenna can be improved, and on the other hand, the ridge 1 can be ensured to be in full contact with the metal speaker side wall 2 .

[0052] The present invention introduces a first screw 5 between the metal side wall 2 and the ridge 1 to facilitate installation and fixation of the ridge 1. The first screw 5 has a diameter of 1.6 mm, a length of 4 mm, and is made of stainless steel.

[0053] As shown in Figures 9(a) and 9(b), the power division phase shift network 3 includes a power division phase shift network dielectric substrate 15, the upper surface of the power division phase shift network dielectric substrate 15 is provided with a metal patch 16, and the lower surface of the power division phase shift network dielectric substrate 15 is provided with a metal coating 18, and the metal coating 18 is connected to the metal patch 16 through a metallized via; the metallized vias include two types: a first metallized via 14-1 and a second metallized via 14-2, the first metallized via 14-1 is located at the tail of the two ports of the metal patch 16, and the second metallized via 14-2 is located at the tail of the short-circuit branch of the metal patch 16.

[0054] The metal probe 6 is bent at 90°, and one end of the metal probe 6 is connected to the first metallized via 14-1 located at the tail of the two ports of the metal patch 16, and the other end of the metal probe 6 is inserted into two adjacent ridges 1 among the four ridges 1 for feeding the antenna, and the other two ridges 1 are in contact with the cladding part of the metal probe 6.

[0055] The quad-ridged horn antenna can be fed with equal-amplitude power with a phase difference of 90° through the power division and phase shifting network 3, so that the antenna can achieve circular polarization; the present invention changes the side feeding into the bottom feeding to reduce the space occupied by the side wiring.

[0056] For the optimization of antenna standing waves, the use of Bezier curves can be used to more finely control ridge 1.

[0057] like Fig.10 As shown, a stepped radiation structure 7 is disposed between two adjacent ridges 1 on the upper part of the metal speaker side wall 2. The stepped radiation structure 7 includes five steps, wherein the thickness of each step remains consistent, and the width decreases upwards to ensure that both sides of each step remain in the same plane.

[0058] On the one hand, the scattering effect of the stepped radiation structure 7 fills the gain pit in the azimuth plane. At the same time, the shape of the stepped radiation structure 7 gradually approaches the axial center of the antenna as the height increases, and the coupling scattering effect is better. On the other hand, this stepped radiation structure 7 reduces the radiation aperture of the antenna as a whole and widens the beam width.

[0059] The step radiation structure 7 of the present invention adopts 3D printing technology, and the printing material is an aluminum alloy structure. The size of the antenna is: 15.5mm×15.5mm×15.88mm.

[0060] like Fig.10 As shown, a circular slot 9 is provided on the metal horn side wall 2 directly below the stepped radiation structure 7. The slots can be made into horizontal omnidirectional antennas by slotting various waveguides such as rectangular waveguides, coaxial lines, and circular waveguides. The radiation of the circular slot 9 can effectively fill the pits in the radiation pattern, thereby improving the antenna gain at low elevation angles.

[0061] like Fig.11 As shown, the bottom of the metal horn side wall 2 is wrapped with a probe baffle 17, and the metal probe 6 is located inside the probe baffle 17. By changing the side feeding form of the four-ridge horn antenna to bottom feeding in this way, the lateral space occupation can be reduced without changing the original performance of the antenna.

[0062] The probe blocking piece 17 includes a first probe blocking piece 11 and a second probe blocking piece 12 . The first probe blocking piece 11 is a quarter-circle ring, and the second probe blocking piece 12 is a three-quarter-circle ring. The first probe blocking piece 11 is connected to the second probe blocking piece 12 via a second screw 13 .

[0063] By providing the probe stopper 17 composed of the first probe stopper 11 of a quarter-circular ring structure and the second probe stopper 12 of a three-quarter-circular ring structure, it is possible to facilitate the installation of the metal probe 6 bent at 90 degrees.

[0064] The present invention loads a stepped radiation structure 7 on the upper part of the metal horn side wall 2, combines the metal horn side wall 2 with the circular gap 9, improves the ridge shape and changes the feeding method to bottom feeding, feeds the antenna through the designed power division phase shifting network 3, and realizes circular polarization.

[0065] The invention uses a full metal structure, so that the antenna has better power resistance performance than the helical antenna.

[0066] The principle of the stepped radiation structure 7 proposed in the present invention is mainly to increase the beam width of the antenna by reducing the radiation aperture and secondary radiation. The stepped structure can be replaced with other similar structures to still achieve the purpose of the invention. The Bezier curve of the antenna ridge can use other more sophisticated curve models. In addition, the power division phase shifting network 3 designed for the antenna can be replaced with a bridge, and the circular polarization design can also be achieved.

[0067] Fig.12 The standing wave ratio and axial ratio of the quad-ridged horn antenna are given. It can be seen from the figure that the antenna can achieve a standing wave ratio of less than 2.5 and an axial ratio of less than 3dB in the working bandwidth of 8-40GHz. Fig.13 (a)-(d) show the radiation patterns of the antenna at 8 GHz, 18 GHz, 28 GHz and 40 GHz respectively. The figure shows the radiation patterns of the antenna at four angles, and it can be seen that the -5 dBi beamwidth of the antenna is ±90°. Fig.14 The azimuth pattern of the antenna is shown, from which it can be seen that the antenna is greater than -5dBi within the 360° range of the azimuth plane at 8, 18, 28 and 40GHz. Finally, the antenna can basically achieve airspace coverage of ±90° in pitch and elevation with a greater than -5dBi range.

[0068] In summary, the antenna of the present invention exhibits excellent performance: its impedance bandwidth can reach 133.3%, and its 3dB axial ratio bandwidth can also reach 133.3%. At the same time, within the airspace range of ±90° in pitch, the antenna gain is greater than -5dBi, meeting the specific airspace coverage requirements, which means that the antenna can work stably and efficiently within a wide angle range of signal transmission and reception.

[0069] The application prospects of the present invention are:

[0070] The present invention can be applied to the design of missile-borne antennas, so that the missile-borne antennas can have better beam width within a wider working bandwidth.

[0071] The bandwidth of the traditional circularly polarized hemispherical radiation antenna is narrow, and the wide beam angle only covers individual surfaces. The four-ridged horn antenna based on the loaded stepped radiation structure 7 of the present invention has the advantages of ultra-wide bandwidth beam and can achieve a wide radiation angle within the hemispherical radiation range. When applied to missile-borne antennas, it can be suitable for higher power input and complex electromagnetic environments. Since the antenna size is small and the side feed is changed to bottom feed to reduce the lateral space, it can be used in a more compact installation space.

[0072] The previous four-ridged horn antenna can achieve ultra-wideband, but due to the large aperture of the antenna, the beam width is narrow. The stepped radiation structure 7 proposed in the present invention can not only perform secondary radiation but also reduce the radiation aperture of the antenna. The metal horn side wall 2 proposed in the present invention is combined with the slot antenna to further widen the beam width, using the radiation of the slot to fill the pits in the radiation pattern. In addition, the antenna has undergone a series of designs to make it more stable after processing.

Claims

1. An ultra-wideband circularly polarized wide beam quad-ridged horn antenna, characterized in that: The invention comprises four ridges (1) arranged in a circle and a metal horn side wall (2) with a closed bottom and an open top, wherein the ridge (1) penetrates the metal horn side wall (2) and is connected to the upper surface of the bottom of the metal horn side wall (2), the lower surface of the bottom of the metal horn side wall (2) is connected to a power division phase shift network (3), a metal probe (6) is respectively connected between the power division phase shift network (3) and two adjacent ridges (1) of the four ridges (1), the other two ridges (1) are in contact with the cladding part of the metal probe (6), and a stepped radiation structure (7) is arranged between two adjacent ridges (1) located on the upper part of the metal horn side wall (2).

2. The ultra-wideband circularly polarized wide beam quad-ridged horn antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side surfaces of the ridge (1) are all connected with a metal disc structure (4), and the metal disc structure (4) is a semicircular metal column, and the straight edge of the semicircle is in contact with the ridge (1).

3. The ultra-wideband circularly polarized wide beam quad-ridged horn antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom upper surface of the metal speaker side wall (2) is provided with a through hole (10), and the ridge (1) penetrates into the metal speaker side wall (2) and is plugged into the through hole (10) provided on the bottom upper surface of the metal speaker side wall (2); The side wall (2) of the metal speaker and the middle part of the ridge (1) are both provided with screw holes (8) at corresponding positions, and a first screw (5) is arranged inside the screw hole (8). The first screw (5) passes through the screw hole (8) on the side wall of the metal speaker (2) and is connected to the middle part of the ridge (1).

4. The ultra-wideband circularly polarized wide beam quad-ridged horn antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power division phase shift network (3) comprises a power division phase shift network dielectric substrate (15), the upper surface of the power division phase shift network dielectric substrate (15) is provided with a metal patch (16), the lower surface of the power division phase shift network dielectric substrate (15) is provided with a metal coating (18), and the metal coating (18) is connected to the metal patch (16) through a metallized via.

5. The ultra-wideband circularly polarized wide beam quad-ridged horn antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The metallized vias include two types: a first type of metallized via (14-1) and a second type of metallized via (14-2). The first type of metallized via (14-1) is located at the tail of two ports of the metal patch (16), and the second type of metallized via (14-2) is located at the tail of the short-circuit branch of the metal patch (16).

6. The ultra-wideband circularly polarized wide beam quad-ridged horn antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The metal probe (6) is bent at 90 degrees, one end of the metal probe (6) is respectively connected to the first metallized vias (14-1) located at the tails of the two ports of the metal patch (16), the other end of the metal probe (6) is respectively inserted into two adjacent ridges (1) among the four ridges (1) for feeding the antenna, and the other two ridges (1) are in contact with the cladding part of the metal probe (6).

7. The ultra-wideband circularly polarized wide beam quad-ridged horn antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: Circular gaps (9) are provided on the metal speaker side walls (2) located directly below the stepped radiation structure (7).

8. The ultra-wideband circularly polarized wide beam quad-ridged horn antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the metal horn side wall (2) is wrapped with a probe baffle (17), and the metal probe (6) is located inside the probe baffle (17).

9. The ultra-wideband circularly polarized wide beam quad-ridged horn antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that: The probe blocking piece (17) comprises a first probe blocking piece (11) and a second probe blocking piece (12); the first probe blocking piece (11) is a quarter-circular ring, and the second probe blocking piece (12) is a three-quarter-circular ring; the first probe blocking piece (11) is connected to the second probe blocking piece (12) via a second screw (13).

10. The ultra-wideband circularly polarized wide beam quad-ridged horn antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power division phase shifting network (3) can be replaced by a bridge for power feeding.

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