Substrate integrated antenna and communication equipment

Abstract

The invention provides a substrate integrated antenna and communication equipment, and relates to the technical field of antennas. The substrate integrated antenna comprises a signal feed-in layer, a signal transmission layer and a signal radiation layer, the signal feed-in layer comprises a square hole for feeding in a linear polarization signal, and a polarization separator for receiving the linear polarization signal and feeding in the signal transmission layer along the first feed-in aperture or the second feed-in aperture; a first transmission path and a second transmission path are formed in the signal transmission layer; the signal radiation layer comprises a third metal sheet and a fourth metal sheet, the third metal sheet comprises a first microstrip line and a second microstrip line, and the fourth metal sheet comprises a radiation patch. According to the embodiment of the invention, a linear polarization signal fed in along the square hole can be coupled to the first feed-in aperture or the second feed-in aperture through the polarization separator, and then is transmitted to the first microstrip line along the first transmission path, or is transmitted to the second microstrip line along the second transmission path, so as to excite the radiation patch to form a left-handed or right-handed circular polarization signal. And the spectrum utilization rate is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a substrate integrated antenna and communication equipment. Background Art

[0002] Satellite Internet, as a key support direction of the national new infrastructure policy, has developed rapidly in recent years. Due to the increasing shortage of spectrum resources, single circular polarization antennas can no longer meet the needs of satellite communications in terms of spectrum utilization and anti-interference, and as the complexity of satellite communication systems increases, the planar space of antennas is compressed. Therefore, an antenna with high spectrum utilization and small structure volume is needed to meet the needs.

[0003] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background technology section is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of the present disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute the prior art known to ordinary technicians in the field. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a substrate integrated antenna and a communication device, which can realize the miniaturization of the substrate integrated antenna and improve the spectrum utilization rate.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a substrate integrated antenna, comprising: a plurality of stacked metal sheets and a dielectric substrate located between each two adjacent metal sheets;

[0006] The substrate integrated antenna comprises a signal feeding layer, a signal transmission layer and a signal radiation layer which are sequentially distributed in the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate;

[0007] The signal feeding layer comprises a multi-layer dielectric substrate, and a first metal sheet far away from the signal transmission layer and a second metal sheet close to the signal transmission layer, the multi-layer dielectric substrate is integrated with a metal column for forming a polarization separator, the first metal sheet has a square hole, the second metal sheet has an orthogonal first feeding hole slit and a second feeding hole slit, the square hole is used to feed a linear polarization signal, and the polarization separator is used to receive the linear polarization signal and feed it into the signal transmission layer along the first feeding hole slit or the second feeding hole slit;

[0008] The signal transmission layer includes multiple layers of metal sheets, and each of the multiple layers of metal sheets has orthogonal first transmission apertures and second transmission apertures, a plurality of the first transmission apertures are coupled with the first feeding apertures to form a first transmission path, and a plurality of the second transmission apertures are coupled with the second feeding apertures to form a second transmission path;

[0009] The signal radiation layer includes a third metal sheet close to the signal transmission layer and a fourth metal sheet far from the signal transmission layer, the third metal sheet includes a first microstrip line and a second microstrip line orthogonal to each other, the fourth metal sheet includes a radiation patch, the first microstrip line is orthogonal to a first transmission aperture in the first transmission path close to the signal radiation layer, the second microstrip line is orthogonal to a second transmission aperture in the second transmission path close to the signal radiation layer, the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line can respectively excite the radiation patch to form a left-handed circularly polarized signal and a right-handed circularly polarized signal.

[0010] According to any substrate integrated antenna described in the present application, the signal feeding layer further comprises a first dielectric substrate and a second dielectric substrate, the first dielectric substrate is located between the first metal sheet and the second metal sheet, and the second dielectric substrate is located on a side of the second metal sheet close to the signal transmission layer;

[0011] The first dielectric substrate is integrated with a first metal column, and the second dielectric substrate is integrated with a second metal column. The first metal column and the second metal column have an overlapping area in the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate to form the polarization separator.

[0012] According to any substrate integrated antenna described in the present application, the first metal column and the second metal column are both cylindrical structures, and the diameter of the first metal column is smaller than the diameter of the second metal column.

[0013] According to any one of the substrate integrated antennas described in the present application, the first metal column and the second metal column are both truncated cone structures, the small diameter end of the first metal column and the small diameter end of the second metal column are both facing the first metal sheet, and the diameter of the large diameter end of the first metal column is less than or equal to the diameter of the small diameter end of the second metal column.

[0014] According to any substrate integrated antenna described in the present application, the signal feeding layer further includes a fifth metal sheet, and a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate and a third dielectric substrate stacked in sequence;

[0015] The first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate are located between the first metal sheet and the second metal sheet, the fifth metal sheet is located between the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate, and the third dielectric substrate is located on a side of the second metal sheet close to the signal transmission layer;

[0016] The fifth metal sheet has a square hole, and the square hole on the fifth metal sheet is coupled with the square hole on the first metal sheet, the second dielectric substrate is integrated with a first metal column, the third dielectric substrate is integrated with a second metal column, and the first metal column and the second metal column have an overlapping area in the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate to form the polarization separator.

[0017] According to any substrate integrated antenna described in the present application, the second metal sheet has a pair of first feeding holes parallel in length direction and a pair of second feeding holes parallel in length direction;

[0018] The polarization separator is located between a pair of the first feeding apertures and between a pair of the second feeding apertures.

[0019] According to any one of the substrate integrated antennas described in the present application, the signal transmission layer includes a sixth metal sheet, a seventh metal sheet, an eighth metal sheet, a ninth metal sheet and a tenth metal sheet distributed in sequence in a direction close to the signal radiation layer;

[0020] The sixth metal sheet has a pair of first transmission apertures and a pair of second transmission apertures, and the pair of first transmission apertures respectively overlap with the pair of first feeding apertures, and the pair of second transmission apertures respectively overlap with the pair of second transmission apertures;

[0021] The seventh metal sheet has a pair of first transmission apertures and a second transmission aperture disposed in the middle, the pair of first transmission apertures on the seventh metal sheet respectively overlap with the pair of first transmission apertures on the sixth metal sheet, and the second transmission aperture on the seventh metal sheet is coupled with the pair of second transmission apertures on the sixth metal sheet;

[0022] The eighth metal sheet has a pair of first transmission apertures and an eccentrically arranged second transmission aperture, the pair of first transmission apertures on the eighth metal sheet respectively overlap with the pair of first transmission apertures on the seventh metal sheet, and the second transmission aperture on the eighth metal sheet is coupled with the second transmission aperture on the seventh metal sheet;

[0023] The ninth metal sheet has a first transmission aperture slit arranged in the center and a second transmission aperture slit arranged eccentrically, the first transmission aperture slit on the ninth metal sheet is coupled with a pair of first transmission aperture slits on the eighth metal sheet, and the second transmission aperture slit on the ninth metal sheet has an overlapping area with the second transmission aperture slit on the eighth metal sheet;

[0024] The tenth metal sheet has a first transmission hole and a second transmission hole that are eccentrically set. A first transmission hole on the tenth metal sheet is coupled with a pair of first transmission holes on the ninth metal sheet, and a second transmission hole on the tenth metal sheet has an overlapping area with a second transmission hole on the ninth metal sheet.

[0025] According to any substrate integrated antenna described in the present application, the radiation patch is a square patch with notches at two diagonal corners, and one side of the square patch is parallel to the length direction of the first microstrip line.

[0026] According to any substrate integrated antenna described in the present application, the radiation patch is a square patch having a hole extending along a length direction of a diagonal line, and one side of the square patch is parallel to the length direction of the first microstrip line.

[0027] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a communication device, comprising the substrate integrated antenna according to any one of claims 1-9.

[0028] The embodiments of the present disclosure include at least the following technical effects:

[0029] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, for the substrate integrated antenna, a linearly polarized signal can be fed along the square hole, and then coupled to the first feeding hole or the second feeding hole through a polarization separator, and then transmitted to the first microstrip line along the first transmission path, and then the first microstrip line excites the radiating patch to form a left-handed circularly polarized signal, or transmitted to the second microstrip line along the second transmission path, and then the second microstrip line excites the radiating patch to form a right-handed circularly polarized signal, thereby realizing the circular polarization switchable performance of the substrate integrated antenna, so as to improve the spectrum utilization without increasing the antenna types.

[0030] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure, and together with the specification are used to explain the principles of the present disclosure. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without creative work.

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the top view structure of a substrate integrated antenna provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0033] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The cross-sectional structure diagram of the substrate integrated antenna along line AA is shown.

[0034] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The cross-sectional structure diagram of the substrate integrated antenna along line BB is shown.

[0035] Figure 4A schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a substrate integrated antenna provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0036] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the exploded structure of another substrate integrated antenna provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0037] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a signal feeding layer provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0038] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of an exploded structure of another signal feeding layer provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0039] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a signal transmission layer and a signal radiation layer provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0040] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the bottom-up structure of a substrate integrated antenna provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0041] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the bottom-up structure of another substrate integrated antenna provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0042] Reference numerals:

[0043] 10. Substrate integrated antenna;

[0044] 1. Signal feeding layer; 2. Signal transmission layer; 3. Signal radiation layer;

[0045] 11. a first metal sheet; 12. a second metal sheet; 13. a fifth metal sheet; 14. a first dielectric substrate; 15. a second dielectric substrate; 16. a third dielectric substrate; 17. a polarization separator;

[0046] 21. sixth metal sheet; 22. seventh metal sheet; 23. eighth metal sheet; 24. ninth metal sheet; 25. tenth metal sheet; 26. fourth dielectric substrate; 27. fifth dielectric substrate; 28. sixth dielectric substrate; 29. ​​seventh dielectric substrate;

[0047] 31. a third metal sheet; 32. a fourth metal sheet; 33. an eighth dielectric substrate; 34. a ninth dielectric substrate;

[0048] 311, a first microstrip line; 312, a second microstrip line;

[0049] 321, radiating patch; 322, notch; 323, rectangular seam;

[0050] 41, square hole; 42, first feed hole; 43, second feed hole; 44, first transmission hole; 45, second transmission hole;

[0051] 51. First metal column; 52. Second metal column; 53. Conductive column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the example embodiments can be implemented in a variety of forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present disclosure will be comprehensive and complete and fully convey the concepts of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the figures represent the same or similar structures, and thus their detailed description will be omitted. In addition, the drawings are only schematic illustrations of the present disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0053] Although relative terms such as "upper" and "lower" are used in this specification to describe the relative relationship of one component of the illustration to another component, these terms are used in this specification only for convenience, such as according to the orientation of the examples described in the drawings. It is understood that if the device of the illustration is turned upside down, the component described as "upper" will become the component "lower". When a structure is "on" other structures, it may mean that the structure is formed integrally on the other structure, or that the structure is "directly" disposed on the other structure, or that the structure is "indirectly" disposed on the other structure through another structure.

[0054] The terms "a", "an", "the", "said" and "at least one" are used to indicate the presence of one or more elements / components / etc.; the terms "including" and "having" are used to express an open-ended inclusive meaning and mean that additional elements / components / etc. may exist in addition to the listed elements / components / etc.; the terms "first", "second" and "third" etc. are used merely as labels and are not intended to limit the quantity of their objects.

[0055] The present disclosure provides a substrate integrated antenna 10. The substrate integrated antenna 10 comprises: a plurality of stacked metal sheets and a dielectric substrate located between each two adjacent metal sheets; Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the substrate integrated antenna 10 includes a signal feeding layer 1, a signal transmission layer 2 and a signal radiation layer 3 which are sequentially distributed in the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate.

[0056] The signal feeding layer 1 includes a multi-layer dielectric substrate, a first metal sheet 11 far away from the signal transmission layer 2 and a second metal sheet 12 close to the signal transmission layer 2, the multi-layer dielectric substrate is integrated with a metal column for forming a polarization separator 17, the first metal sheet 11 has a square hole 41, the second metal sheet 12 has an orthogonal first feeding aperture 42 and a second feeding aperture 43, the square hole 41 is used to feed a linear polarization signal, and the polarization separator 17 is used to receive the linear polarization signal and feed it into the signal transmission layer 2 along the first feeding aperture 42 or the second feeding aperture 43; the signal transmission layer 2 includes a multi-layer metal sheet, and the multi-layer metal sheet has an orthogonal first transmission aperture 44 and a second transmission aperture 45, and a plurality of first transmission apertures 44 are coupled to the first feeding aperture 42. The signal radiation layer 3 includes a third metal sheet 31 close to the signal transmission layer 2 and a fourth metal sheet 32 ​​far away from the signal transmission layer 2, the third metal sheet 31 includes an orthogonal first microstrip line 311 and a second microstrip line 312, the fourth metal sheet 32 ​​includes a radiation patch 321, the first microstrip line 311 is orthogonal to the first transmission hole 44 close to the signal radiation layer 3 in the first transmission path, the second microstrip line 312 is orthogonal to the second transmission hole 45 close to the signal radiation layer 3 in the second transmission path, the first microstrip line 311 and the second microstrip line 312 can respectively excite the radiation patch 321 to form a left-handed circularly polarized signal and a right-handed circularly polarized signal.

[0057] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, a substrate integrated antenna 10 is formed by the integrated arrangement of a dielectric substrate and a metal sheet to achieve miniaturization of the antenna; in addition, for the substrate integrated antenna 10, a linearly polarized signal can be fed along the square hole 41, and then coupled to the first feeding aperture 42 or the second feeding aperture 43 through the polarization separator 17, and then transmitted to the first microstrip line 311 along the first transmission path, and then the first microstrip line 311 excites the radiation patch 321 to form a left-handed circularly polarized signal, or transmitted to the second microstrip line 312 along the second transmission path, and then the second microstrip line 312 excites the radiation patch 321 to form a right-handed circularly polarized signal, so that the circular polarization switchable performance of the substrate integrated antenna 10 can be achieved, so as to improve the spectrum utilization without increasing the antenna type.

[0058] The linear polarization signal can be fed into the square hole 41 on the first metal sheet 11 by coupling. Of course, a feed line can also be set on the first metal sheet 11, and then the first polarization signal can be fed into the square hole 41 on the first metal sheet 11 through the feed line. The linear polarization signal fed into the square hole 41 on the first metal sheet 11 can be a horizontal polarization signal or a vertical polarization signal. Figure 4The structure of the substrate integrated antenna 10 shown, for vertical polarization signals, is coupled to the first feed aperture 42 through the polarization separator 17, and coupled to the first microstrip line 311 along the first transmission path (first feed aperture 42, first transmission aperture 44), at which time the first microstrip line 311 excites the radiation patch 321 to form a clockwise current to produce a left-handed circularly polarized signal; for horizontal polarization signals, it is coupled to the second feed aperture 43 through the polarization separator 17, and coupled to the second microstrip line 312 along the second transmission path (second feed aperture 43, second transmission aperture 45), at which time the second microstrip line 312 excites the radiation patch 321 to form a counterclockwise current to produce a right-handed circularly polarized signal. The left-hand and right-hand of a circularly polarized signal refer to the rotation direction when observed along the signal propagation direction. In this way, the switchability of circularly polarized signals can be achieved through a horizontally polarized signal or a vertically polarized signal fed into a feed port, which simplifies the structure of the substrate integrated antenna 10.

[0059] Of course, the structure of the radiation patch 321 can also be adjusted to achieve that when a horizontally polarized signal is fed into the square hole 41 on the first metal sheet 11, the radiation patch 321 forms a clockwise current to produce a left-handed circularly polarized signal, and when a vertically polarized signal is fed into the square hole 41 on the first metal sheet 11, the radiation patch 321 forms a counterclockwise current to produce a right-handed circularly polarized signal. The embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to this.

[0060] The dielectric substrate included in the substrate integrated antenna 10 may be a PCB substrate, etc., and the metal sheet may be a conductor layer such as a copper sheet. The polarization separator 17 is a variable diameter structure with a small end close to the first metal sheet 11 and a large end away from the first metal sheet 11, so that the linear polarization signal fed along the square hole 41 on the first metal sheet 11 can be coupled to the first feeding aperture 42 or the second feeding aperture 43 through the polarization separator 17.

[0061] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, Figure 4 or Figure 5 As shown, the dielectric substrates included in the signal feeding layer 1 and the signal transmission layer 2 are integrated with conductive pillars 53 for enclosing dielectric integrated waveguides, so as to limit the transmission of linear polarization signals between two adjacent metal layers through the dielectric integrated waveguides. The conductive pillars 53 integrated on each dielectric substrate are specifically referred to the following explanation of the signal feeding layer 1 and the signal transmission layer 2.

[0062] Among them, the two ends of the conductive column 53 are respectively in contact with the adjacent metal sheets. The conductive column 53 can be a metal column with a circular cross-section or a metal column with a square cross-section, etc., as long as it can ensure that the linear polarization signal is transmitted in the dielectric integrated waveguide surrounded by multiple conductive columns 53.

[0063] For the metal layer included in the signal feeding layer 1, such as Figure 1As shown, the square hole 41 on the first metal sheet 11 can be a square hole, of course, it can also be a rectangular hole; Figure 4 or Figure 5 As shown, the length direction (parallel to the X direction) of the first feeding hole 42 and the length direction (parallel to the Y direction) of the second feeding hole 43 on the second metal sheet 12 are respectively parallel to the two adjacent sides of the square hole 41 on the first metal sheet 11 .

[0064] Alternatively, if Figure 4 or Figure 5 As shown, the second metal sheet 12 may have a pair of first feed apertures 42 parallel in length direction and a pair of second feed apertures 43 parallel in length direction, and the polarization separator 17 is located between the pair of first feed apertures 42 and between the pair of second feed apertures 43. Further, the pair of first feed apertures 42 and the pair of second feed apertures 43 are both centrosymmetric structures along the center point of the polarization separator 17, and the distance from the first feed aperture 42 to the polarization separator 17 is equal to the distance from the second feed aperture 43 to the polarization separator 17.

[0065] Of course, the second metal sheet 12 may also have only one first feeding hole 42 and a pair of second feeding holes 43, and the distribution of one first feeding hole 42 and a pair of second feeding holes 43 can refer to the pair of first feeding holes 42 and a pair of second feeding holes 43 described above. The only difference is that the number of first feeding holes 42 is different.

[0066] For the dielectric substrate included in the signal feeding layer 1, in some embodiments, as Figure 6 As shown, the signal feeding layer 1 further includes a first dielectric substrate 14 and a second dielectric substrate 15, wherein the first dielectric substrate 14 is located between the first metal sheet 11 and the second metal sheet 12, and the second dielectric substrate 15 is located on the side of the second metal sheet 12 close to the signal transmission layer 2; the first dielectric substrate 14 is integrated with a first metal column 51, and the second dielectric substrate 15 is integrated with a second metal column 52, and the first metal column 51 and the second metal column 52 have an overlapping area in the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate to form a polarization separator 17. In this way, when a linear polarization signal is fed along the square hole 41 on the first metal sheet 11, the polarization separator 17 formed by the first metal column 51 and the second metal column 52 can be coupled to the first feeding aperture 42 or the second feeding aperture 43 to achieve transmission of the linear polarization signal.

[0067] Among them, in combination with the polarization separator 17 with a variable diameter structure, optionally, the first metal column 51 and the second metal column 52 are both cylindrical structures, and the diameter of the first metal column 51 is smaller than the diameter of the second metal column 52; or the first metal column 51 and the second metal column 52 are both truncated cone structures, the small diameter end of the first metal column 51 and the small diameter end of the second metal column 52 are both facing the first metal sheet 11, and the diameter of the large diameter end of the first metal column 51 is smaller than or equal to the diameter of the small diameter end of the second metal column 52.

[0068] Among them, the orthographic projection of the first metal column 51 on the first metal sheet 11 is located in the area surrounded by the square hole 41, and the second metal column 52 and the first metal column 51 have an overlapping area in the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate to ensure that the linearly polarized signal fed along the square hole 41 on the first metal sheet 11 can be coupled to the first feeding aperture 42 or the second feeding aperture 43 along the first metal column 51 and the second metal column 52.

[0069] Furthermore, the center point of the orthographic projection of the first metal column 51 on the first metal sheet 11 coincides with the center point of the square hole 41 on the first metal sheet 11, and the orthographic projection of the first metal sheet 11 on the second dielectric substrate 15 is located in the area surrounded by the edge of the second metal column 52, so as to ensure the coupling effect of the linear polarization signal fed into the square hole 41 on the first metal sheet 11 to the first metal column 51, thereby reducing the loss of the signal.

[0070] Among them, the first dielectric substrate 14 and the second dielectric substrate 15 are both integrated with conductive pillars 53 for enclosing a dielectric integrated waveguide, and the orthographic projections of the multiple conductive pillars 53 on the first dielectric substrate 14 on the first metal sheet 11 surround the square hole 41 on the first metal sheet 11, and the orthographic projections of the multiple conductive pillars 53 on the second dielectric substrate 15 on the second metal sheet 12 surround the first feeding aperture 42 and the second feeding aperture 43 on the second metal sheet 12. In addition, the cross-sectional shape of the area enclosed by the multiple conductive pillars 53 on the first dielectric substrate 14 can be square, circular, etc., and in order to ensure the feeding effect of the polarization signal along the square hole 41 on the first metal sheet 11, the cross-sectional shape of the area enclosed by the multiple conductive pillars 53 is a square that matches the square hole 41; the cross-sectional shape of the area enclosed by the multiple conductive pillars 53 on the second dielectric substrate 15 is specifically set in combination with the first feeding aperture 42 and the second aperture 43 on the second metal sheet 12. In combination with the above-mentioned situation that the second metal sheet 12 has a pair of first feeding apertures 42 and a pair of second feeding apertures 43, as Figure 6 As shown, the cross-sectional shape of the area surrounded by the plurality of conductive pillars 53 on the second dielectric substrate 15 is a cross shape.

[0071] In other embodiments, Figure 7As shown, the signal feeding layer 1 further includes a fifth metal sheet 13, and a first dielectric substrate 14, a second dielectric substrate 15 and a third dielectric substrate 16 which are stacked in sequence; the first dielectric substrate 14 and the second dielectric substrate 15 are located between the first metal sheet 11 and the second metal sheet 12, the fifth metal sheet 13 is located between the first dielectric substrate 14 and the second dielectric substrate 15, and the third dielectric substrate 16 is located on a side of the second metal sheet 12 close to the signal transmission layer 2; the fifth metal sheet 13 has a square hole 41, and the square hole 41 on the fifth metal sheet 13 is coupled with the square hole 41 on the first metal sheet 11, the second dielectric substrate 15 is integrated with a first metal column 51, and the third dielectric substrate 16 is integrated with a second metal column 52, and the first metal column 51 and the second metal column 52 have an overlapping area in the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate to form a polarization separator 17. In this way, when a linear polarized signal is fed along the square hole 41 on the first metal sheet 11, it can be coupled to the first feeding aperture 42 or the second feeding aperture 43 through the square hole 41 on the fifth metal sheet 13 and the polarization separator 17 formed by the first metal column 51 and the second metal column 52, thereby realizing the transmission of the linear polarized signal.

[0072] Among them, the first metal pillar 51 on the second mechanical substrate and the second metal pillar 52 on the third dielectric substrate 16 can refer to the above-mentioned embodiment, and the present disclosure will not repeat them. In addition, the square hole 41 on the fifth metal sheet 13 and the square hole 41 on the first metal sheet 11 have an overlapping area in the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate. Further, the square hole 41 on the fifth metal sheet 13 and the square hole 41 on the first metal sheet 11 completely overlap in the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate to ensure the coupling effect of the linear polarization signal.

[0073] Among them, the orthographic projection of the first metal column 51 on the fifth metal sheet 13 is located in the area surrounded by the square hole 41 on the fifth metal sheet 13, and the second metal column 52 and the first metal column 51 have an overlapping area in the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate to ensure that the linear polarization signal fed along the square hole 41 on the first metal sheet 11 can be coupled to the first feeding hole 42 or the second feeding hole 43 along the first metal column 51 and the second metal column 52.

[0074] Furthermore, the center point of the orthographic projection of the first metal column 51 on the fifth metal sheet 13 coincides with the center point of the square hole 41 on the fifth metal sheet 13, and the orthographic projection of the first metal sheet 11 on the second dielectric substrate 15 is located in the area surrounded by the edge of the second metal column 52, so as to ensure the coupling effect of the linear polarization signal fed into the square hole 41 on the first metal sheet 11 to the first metal column 51, thereby reducing the loss of the signal.

[0075] Among them, the first dielectric substrate 14, the second dielectric substrate 15, and the third dielectric substrate 16 are all integrated with conductive pillars 53 for enclosing a dielectric integrated waveguide, and the distribution of the plurality of conductive pillars 53 on the first dielectric substrate 14 and the second dielectric substrate 15 can refer to the distribution of the plurality of conductive pillars 53 on the first dielectric substrate 14 described in the above embodiment, and the distribution of the plurality of conductive pillars 53 on the third dielectric substrate 16 can refer to the distribution of the plurality of conductive pillars 53 on the second dielectric substrate 15 described in the above embodiment, which will not be repeated in the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0076] Of course, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the structure of the signal feeding layer 1 can be other structures besides the structures described in the above two embodiments, as long as the linear polarization signal fed along the square hole 41 on the first metal sheet 11 is coupled to the first feeding aperture 42 or the second feeding aperture 43 through the polarization separator 17. For example, the signal feeding layer 1 only includes a layer of dielectric substrate located between the first metal sheet 11 and the second metal sheet 12, and the polarization separator 17 is integrated on the layer of dielectric substrate.

[0077] For the signal transmission layer 2, the structure of the metal sheet included is specifically determined in combination with the number of the first feeding holes 42 and the second feeding holes 43 on the second metal sheet 12 described above. Taking the second metal sheet 12 described above having a pair of first feeding holes 42 and a pair of second feeding holes 43 as an example, in some embodiments, Figure 8 As shown, the signal transmission layer 2 includes a sixth metal sheet 21 , a seventh metal sheet 22 , an eighth metal sheet 23 , a ninth metal sheet 24 and a tenth metal sheet 25 which are sequentially distributed in a direction close to the signal radiation layer 3 .

[0078] Among them, the sixth metal sheet 21 has a pair of first transmission apertures 44 and a pair of second transmission apertures 45, and the pair of first transmission apertures 44 overlap with the pair of first feeding apertures 42 respectively, and the pair of second transmission apertures 45 overlap with the pair of second transmission apertures 45 respectively; the seventh metal sheet 22 has a pair of first transmission apertures 44 and a centrally arranged second transmission aperture 45 (that is, the second transmission aperture 45 on the seventh metal sheet 22 overlaps with the polarization separator 17 in the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate), and the seventh metal sheet 22 has a pair of first transmission apertures 44 and a centrally arranged second transmission aperture 45 (that is, the second transmission aperture 45 on the seventh metal sheet 22 overlaps with the polarization separator 17 in the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate). The pair of first transmission apertures 44 on the seventh metal sheet 22 overlap with the pair of first transmission apertures 44 on the sixth metal sheet 21, and the second transmission aperture 45 on the seventh metal sheet 22 is coupled with the pair of second transmission apertures 45 on the sixth metal sheet 21; the eighth metal sheet 23 has a pair of first transmission apertures 44 and an eccentrically arranged second transmission aperture 45 (i.e., the second transmission aperture 45 on the eighth metal sheet 23 and the second transmission aperture 45 on the sixth metal sheet 21 are eccentrically arranged in the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate). The ninth metal sheet 24 has a first transmission aperture 44 arranged centrally and a second transmission aperture 45 arranged eccentrically, a first transmission aperture 44 on the ninth metal sheet 24 is coupled with a pair of first transmission apertures 44 on the eighth metal sheet 23, and a second transmission aperture 45 on the ninth metal sheet 24 is overlapped with a second transmission aperture 45 on the eighth metal sheet 23; the tenth metal sheet 25 has a first transmission aperture 44 and a second transmission aperture 45 arranged eccentrically, a first transmission aperture 44 on the tenth metal sheet 25 is coupled with a first transmission aperture 44 on the ninth metal sheet 24, and a second transmission aperture 45 on the tenth metal sheet 25 is overlapped with a second transmission aperture 45 on the ninth metal sheet 24.

[0079] In this way, in the signal transmission layer 2, a pair of first transmission apertures 44 on the sixth metal sheet 21, a pair of first transmission apertures 44 on the seventh metal sheet 22, a pair of first transmission apertures 44 on the eighth metal sheet 23, a first transmission aperture 44 on the ninth metal sheet 24, and a first transmission aperture 44 on the tenth metal sheet 25 can be combined with the first feeding aperture 42 to form a first transmission path to achieve transmission of horizontally polarized signals; and a pair of second transmission apertures 45 on the sixth metal sheet 21, a second transmission aperture 45 on the seventh metal sheet 22, a second transmission aperture 45 on the eighth metal sheet 23, a second transmission aperture 45 on the ninth metal sheet 24, and a second transmission aperture 45 on the tenth metal sheet 25 can be combined with the second feeding aperture 43 to form a second transmission path to achieve transmission of horizontally polarized signals.

[0080] Among them, for the multi-layer metal sheets included in the signal transmission layer 2, the first transmission hole 44 on the sixth metal sheet 21 and the first transmission hole 44 on the seventh metal sheet 22 have an overlapping area in the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate, the first transmission hole 44 on the seventh metal sheet 22 and the first transmission hole 44 on the eighth metal sheet 23 have an overlapping area in the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate, the second transmission hole 45 on the eighth metal sheet 23 and the second transmission hole 45 on the ninth metal sheet 24 have an overlapping area in the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate, and the second transmission hole 45 on the ninth metal sheet 24 and the second transmission hole 45 on the tenth metal sheet 25 have an overlapping area in the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate.

[0081] like Figure 8 As shown, the signal transmission layer 2 also includes a fourth dielectric substrate 26 located between the sixth metal sheet 21 and the seventh metal sheet 22, a fifth dielectric substrate 27 located between the seventh metal sheet 22 and the eighth metal sheet 23, a sixth dielectric substrate 28 located between the eighth metal sheet 23 and the ninth metal sheet 24, and a seventh dielectric substrate 29 located between the ninth metal sheet 24 and the tenth metal sheet 25.

[0082] Among them, Figure 8As shown, the fourth dielectric substrate 26 has a circle of conductive pillars 53 surrounding a pair of second transmission apertures 45 on the sixth metal sheet 21, and two circles of conductive pillars 53 respectively surrounding a pair of first transmission apertures 44 on the sixth metal sheet 21; the fifth dielectric substrate 27 has a circle of conductive pillars 53 surrounding a second transmission aperture 45 on the seventh metal sheet 22, and two circles of conductive pillars 53 respectively surrounding a pair of first transmission apertures 44 on the seventh metal sheet 22, and the area surrounded by the circle of conductive pillars 53 surrounding the second transmission aperture 45 on the fifth dielectric substrate 27 and the area surrounded by the conductive pillars 53 surrounding the second transmission aperture 45 on the fourth dielectric substrate 26 are equal to the area surrounded by the conductive pillars 53 surrounding the second transmission aperture 45 on the fourth dielectric substrate 26. The sixth dielectric substrate 28 has a circle of conductive pillars 53 surrounding a second transmission aperture 45 on the eighth metal sheet 23, and a circle of conductive pillars 53 surrounding a pair of first transmission apertures 44 on the eighth metal sheet 23; the seventh dielectric substrate 29 has a circle of conductive pillars 53 surrounding a second transmission aperture 45 on the eighth metal sheet 23, and a circle of conductive pillars 53 surrounding a first transmission aperture 44 on the eighth metal sheet 23, and the area surrounded by the circle of conductive pillars 53 surrounding the first transmission aperture 44 on the seventh dielectric substrate 29 is aligned with one side of the area surrounded by the conductive pillars 53 surrounding the first transmission aperture 44 on the sixth dielectric substrate 28.

[0083] Furthermore, a first transition metal sheet may be arranged between the sixth metal sheet 21 and the seventh metal sheet 22, and / or a second transition metal sheet may be arranged between the eighth metal sheet 23 and the ninth metal sheet 24, the number and position of the first transmission holes 44 and the second transmission holes 45 on the first transition metal sheet are exactly the same as the number and position of the first transmission holes 44 and the second transmission holes 45 on the seventh metal sheet 22, and the number and position of the first transmission holes 44 and the second transmission holes 45 on the second transition metal sheet are exactly the same as the number and position of the first transmission holes 44 and the second transmission holes 45 on the ninth metal sheet 24.

[0084] Among them, for the conductive pillars 53 arranged on the dielectric substrate on both sides of the first transition metal sheet and the conductive pillars 53 on the dielectric substrate on both sides of the second transition metal sheet, reference can be made to the relevant technology, and the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to this, as long as the transmission of the linear polarization signal between the sixth metal sheet 21 and the seventh metal sheet 22, and between the eighth metal sheet 23 and the ninth metal sheet 24 can be effectively improved.

[0085] In addition, taking the above-mentioned second metal sheet 12 having a first feeding hole 42 and a pair of second feeding holes 43 as an example, in some embodiments, the signal transmission layer 2 includes the above-mentioned eighth metal sheet 23, ninth metal sheet 24 and tenth metal sheet 25. The specific structure can be referred to the above-mentioned embodiment, and the present disclosure will not go into details therein.

[0086] For the signal radiation layer 3, the fourth metal sheet 32 ​​includes a radiation patch 321, such as Fig. 9 As shown, the radiation patch 321 is a square patch with notches 322 at two diagonal corners, and one side of the square patch is parallel to the length direction of the first microstrip line 311; or as shown Fig.10 As shown, the radiation patch 321 is a square patch having a rectangular slot 323 extending along a length direction of a diagonal line, and one side of the square patch is parallel to the length direction of the first microstrip line 311. In this way, when the first microstrip line 311 excites the radiation patch 321, a left-hand circular polarization signal can be formed, and when the second microstrip line 312 excites the radiation patch 321, a right-hand circular polarization signal can be formed.

[0087] Of course, the shape of the radiation patch 321 may be other structures besides the two structures described above, as long as it can realize the switching of circularly polarized signals under the excitation of the first microstrip line 311 or the second microstrip line 312 , and the embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit this.

[0088] In addition, if Figure 8 As shown, the signal radiation layer 3 further includes an eighth dielectric substrate 33 located on a side of the third metal sheet 31 close to the signal transmission layer 2 , and a ninth dielectric substrate 34 located between the third metal sheet 31 and the fourth metal sheet 32 ​​.

[0089] The disclosed embodiment also provides a communication device, including the substrate integrated antenna 10 described in the above embodiment. Thus, in combination with the miniaturized substrate integrated antenna 10 described above, the space occupied in the communication device can be reduced, facilitating the arrangement of other devices; and in combination with the substrate integrated antenna 10 with high spectrum utilization described above, the communication effect of the communication device can be effectively improved.

[0090] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present disclosure after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any modification, use or adaptation of the present disclosure, which follows the general principles of the present disclosure and includes common knowledge or customary techniques in the art that are not disclosed in the present disclosure. The specification and examples are intended to be exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the present disclosure are indicated by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A substrate integrated antenna, characterized in that: include: A plurality of stacked metal sheets and a dielectric substrate located between each two adjacent metal sheets; The substrate integrated antenna comprises a signal feeding layer, a signal transmission layer and a signal radiation layer which are sequentially distributed in the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate; The signal feeding layer comprises a multi-layer dielectric substrate, and a first metal sheet far away from the signal transmission layer and a second metal sheet close to the signal transmission layer, the multi-layer dielectric substrate is integrated with a metal column for forming a polarization separator, the first metal sheet has a square hole, the second metal sheet has an orthogonal first feeding hole slit and a second feeding hole slit, the square hole is used to feed a linear polarization signal, and the polarization separator is used to receive the linear polarization signal and feed it into the signal transmission layer along the first feeding hole slit or the second feeding hole slit; The signal transmission layer includes multiple layers of metal sheets, and each of the multiple layers of metal sheets has orthogonal first transmission apertures and second transmission apertures, a plurality of the first transmission apertures are coupled with the first feeding apertures to form a first transmission path, and a plurality of the second transmission apertures are coupled with the second feeding apertures to form a second transmission path; The signal radiation layer includes a third metal sheet close to the signal transmission layer and a fourth metal sheet far from the signal transmission layer, the third metal sheet includes a first microstrip line and a second microstrip line orthogonal to each other, the fourth metal sheet includes a radiation patch, the first microstrip line is orthogonal to a first transmission aperture in the first transmission path close to the signal radiation layer, the second microstrip line is orthogonal to a second transmission aperture in the second transmission path close to the signal radiation layer, the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line can respectively excite the radiation patch to form a left-handed circularly polarized signal and a right-handed circularly polarized signal.

2. The substrate integrated antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal feeding layer further comprises a first dielectric substrate and a second dielectric substrate, wherein the first dielectric substrate is located between the first metal sheet and the second metal sheet, and the second dielectric substrate is located on a side of the second metal sheet close to the signal transmission layer; The first dielectric substrate is integrated with a first metal column, and the second dielectric substrate is integrated with a second metal column. The first metal column and the second metal column have an overlapping area in the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate to form the polarization separator.

3. The substrate integrated antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first metal column and the second metal column are both cylindrical structures, and the diameter of the first metal column is smaller than the diameter of the second metal column.

4. The substrate integrated antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first metal column and the second metal column are both truncated cone structures, the small diameter ends of the first metal column and the second metal column are both facing the first metal sheet, and the diameter of the large diameter end of the first metal column is less than or equal to the diameter of the small diameter end of the second metal column.

5. The substrate integrated antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal feeding layer further includes a fifth metal sheet, and a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate and a third dielectric substrate stacked in sequence; The first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate are located between the first metal sheet and the second metal sheet, the fifth metal sheet is located between the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate, and the third dielectric substrate is located on a side of the second metal sheet close to the signal transmission layer; The fifth metal sheet has a square hole, and the square hole on the fifth metal sheet is coupled with the square hole on the first metal sheet, the second dielectric substrate is integrated with a first metal column, the third dielectric substrate is integrated with a second metal column, and the first metal column and the second metal column have an overlapping area in the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate to form the polarization separator.

6. The substrate integrated antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The second metal sheet has a pair of first feed holes parallel to each other in length direction and a pair of second feed holes parallel to each other in length direction; The polarization separator is located between a pair of the first feeding apertures and between a pair of the second feeding apertures.

7. The substrate integrated antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that: The signal transmission layer includes a sixth metal sheet, a seventh metal sheet, an eighth metal sheet, a ninth metal sheet and a tenth metal sheet sequentially distributed in a direction close to the signal radiation layer; The sixth metal sheet has a pair of first transmission apertures and a pair of second transmission apertures, and the pair of first transmission apertures respectively overlap with the pair of first feeding apertures, and the pair of second transmission apertures respectively overlap with the pair of second transmission apertures; The seventh metal sheet has a pair of first transmission apertures and a second transmission aperture disposed in the middle, the pair of first transmission apertures on the seventh metal sheet respectively overlap with the pair of first transmission apertures on the sixth metal sheet, and the second transmission aperture on the seventh metal sheet is coupled with the pair of second transmission apertures on the sixth metal sheet; The eighth metal sheet has a pair of first transmission apertures and an eccentrically arranged second transmission aperture, the pair of first transmission apertures on the eighth metal sheet respectively overlap with the pair of first transmission apertures on the seventh metal sheet, and the second transmission aperture on the eighth metal sheet is coupled with the second transmission aperture on the seventh metal sheet; The ninth metal sheet has a first transmission aperture slit arranged in the center and a second transmission aperture slit arranged eccentrically, the first transmission aperture slit on the ninth metal sheet is coupled with a pair of first transmission aperture slits on the eighth metal sheet, and the second transmission aperture slit on the ninth metal sheet has an overlapping area with the second transmission aperture slit on the eighth metal sheet; The tenth metal sheet has a first transmission hole and a second transmission hole that are eccentrically set. A first transmission hole on the tenth metal sheet is coupled with a pair of first transmission holes on the ninth metal sheet, and a second transmission hole on the tenth metal sheet has an overlapping area with a second transmission hole on the ninth metal sheet.

8. The substrate integrated antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiation patch is a square patch with notches at two diagonal corners, and one side of the square patch is parallel to the length direction of the first microstrip line.

9. The substrate integrated antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiation patch is a square patch having holes extending along a length direction of a diagonal line, and one side of the square patch is parallel to the length direction of the first microstrip line.

10. A communication device, characterized in that: It comprises the substrate integrated antenna as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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