Miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filtering antenna

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of filtering antennas, in particular to a miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filtering antenna. The antenna comprises an antenna radiator layer, a network feed layer and an output connector, the antenna radiator layer and the network feed layer are arranged on the same multi-layer circuit board, and the antenna radiator layer serves as the upper layer of the multi-layer circuit board; the network feed layer is used as a lower layer of the multilayer circuit board; the output connector is connected with the network feed layer, and the output connector is arranged at the bottom of the network feed layer. According to the antenna provided by the invention, from top to bottom, a plurality of antenna radiation sheets are connected with a lower network layer through feed pins, a network and a filter are integrated together in the same layer, and a connector is finally output through a strip-to-microstrip design. The antenna, the network, the device and other components are integrally designed, the size is greatly reduced, the engineering performance is high, assembly, expansion and use are facilitated, and the cost is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of filtering antennas, and in particular to a miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filtering antenna. Background Art

[0002] With the development of modern wireless communication technology, circularly polarized antennas have received more and more attention. Antennas used in satellite communication and data transmission systems have developed rapidly, and the demand for various antennas has also increased rapidly, putting forward higher requirements. In vehicle-mounted, airborne, ship-mounted and other satellite communication systems, antennas are often required to have good polarization characteristics, high gain, strong directivity, high integration and wide bandwidth.

[0003] Among them, good polarization characteristics refer to high polarization purity and good polarization matching of the antenna. In satellite communication systems, satellite signals are circularly polarized waves, so no matter what angle the radar and the satellite are at, cross-polarization components will not be caused; high gain and strong directivity can obtain the maximum system gain, thereby improving the G / T value of the system. High integration means that with the development of satellite communications, the field of satellite communications gradually requires miniaturization and lightweight. And bandwidth refers to the fact that satellite communications increase the data rate of the antenna and satellite communications by widening, that is, the antenna gain bandwidth should be wide to provide real-time information transmission.

[0004] The reflector antenna commonly used in satellite communications in the prior art has high gain and strong directivity, but it is costly and bulky, which is inconvenient especially in communications. In common antenna designs, the antenna aperture is limited by the antenna scanning characteristic volume; for a given scanning volume, a low-profile antenna can obtain the maximum system gain, and common low-profile antennas are mostly microstrip antenna structures. However, the existing microstrip antenna structure has a narrow bandwidth and is difficult to adapt to the gradually increasing broadband. Among them, the common methods for expanding the bandwidth and gain of microstrip are mainly the following: using a low dielectric constant substrate, increasing the thickness of the substrate, using coupled feeding, and using a multi-layer structure. The first two methods increase the bandwidth to a limited extent, generally with an upper limit of about 10%. The latter two methods can bring wider bandwidth but the structure is complex and the cost is high.

[0005] Therefore, with the rapid development of satellite communication technology, it is necessary to design a broadband circularly polarized antenna with simple structure, easy installation and durability, high integration, wide frequency band and high polarization efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filter antenna, which has a simple structure, is easy to install and durable, and is suitable for high integration, wide frequency band and high polarization efficiency.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives and other related objectives, the present invention provides a miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filtering antenna, comprising:

[0008] An antenna radiator layer, which is arranged on the same multi-layer circuit board as the network feed layer, and the antenna radiator layer serves as an upper layer of the multi-layer circuit board;

[0009] A network feed layer, which serves as the lower layer of the multi-layer circuit board;

[0010] An output connector is connected to the network feed layer, and the output connector is arranged at the bottom of the network feed layer.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the antenna radiator layer comprises:

[0012] An antenna radiation microstrip patch, comprising N×M antenna radiation units arranged at equal intervals, wherein the antenna radiation microstrip patch is arranged on the top of the antenna radiator layer, and N and M are positive integers greater than or equal to 1;

[0013] An antenna feed pin, which is arranged at the bottom of the antenna radiation unit, and one end of the antenna feed pin is connected to the antenna radiation unit;

[0014] Antenna radiation reflection surface, the other end of the antenna feed needle passes through the antenna radiation reflection surface and is connected to the network feeding layer, and the antenna radiation reflection surface is arranged at the bottom of the antenna radiator layer.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, the side edge of the antenna radiation unit adopts a U-shaped groove.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, one end of the antenna feed pin passes through the antenna radiation reflection surface and is connected to the network feeding layer, and the other end of the antenna feed pin is connected to a side slot of the U-shaped slot.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, the antenna radiator layer further includes:

[0018] Microstrip grounding posts, the antenna radiation unit is connected to the antenna radiation reflection surface through a plurality of microstrip grounding posts.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present invention, the network feed layer includes:

[0020] A stripline synthesis network, which is connected to the antenna radiation microstrip piece through the antenna feed needle;

[0021] A filter connected to an output terminal of the stripline synthesis network;

[0022] A microstrip line, one end of which is connected to the output end of the filter, and the other end of which is connected to the output connector.

[0023] In one embodiment of the present invention, the stripline synthesis network adopts a multi-layer PCB stripline design.

[0024] In one embodiment of the present invention, the filter adopts a multi-layer PCB stripline design.

[0025] As described above, the miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filtering antenna of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] (1) The miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filter antenna of the present invention has multiple antenna radiation plates connected to the network layer of the lower layer through feed pins from top to bottom. The network and filter are integrated together in the same layer, and then the strip-to-microstrip design is used to finally output the connector. The integrated design of the overall antenna, network, device and other components greatly compresses the size, has strong engineering performance, is easy to assemble and expand, and greatly reduces costs.

[0027] (2) The miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filtering antenna of the present invention has a network feeding layer including a stripline synthesis network, a filter, and a microstrip line on the surface of the circuit board after being transferred out. The multi-layer PCB medium is used to achieve the miniaturization of the RF front-end size, improve the integration of the RF front-end, and make the antenna work with good performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of a miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filtering antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Figure 2 An overall exploded view of a miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filtering antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Figure 3 A structural diagram of the antenna radiator layer of a miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filtering antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Figure 4 A side view of an antenna radiator layer of a miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filtering antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Figure 5 A structural diagram of a network feeding layer of a miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filter antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Figure 6 A side view of a network feeding layer of a miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filtering antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Figure 7 A return loss curve diagram of a miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filtering antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Figure 8 A gain curve diagram of a miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filtering antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Fig. 9 An axial ratio curve diagram of a miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filtering antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0037] Fig.10 A two-dimensional radiation pattern of a miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filtering antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Component number description

[0039] 1 Antenna radiator layer

[0040] 2 Network Feed Layer

[0041] 3 Output connector

[0042] 11 Antenna radiating microstrip

[0043] 12 Antenna feed pin

[0044] 13 Microstrip ground pin

[0045] 14 U-shaped slot

[0046] 15 Antenna radiation reflector

[0047] 21 Stripline Synthesis Network

[0048] 22 Filter

[0049] 23 Microstrip line DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention by specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0051] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only used to illustrate the basic concept of the present invention in a schematic manner, and thus the illustrations only show components related to the present invention rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the type, quantity and proportion of each component may be changed arbitrarily, and the component layout may also be more complicated.

[0052] Terms such as first or second can be used to describe various components, but these components are not limited by the above terms. The above terms are used to distinguish one component from another component, for example, without departing from the scope of the concept according to the present disclosure, a first component can be referred to as a second component, and similarly, a second component can be referred to as a first component.

[0053] In addition, "connected / coupled" means that one component is directly electrically coupled to another component or is indirectly electrically coupled through another component. The singular form may include the plural form unless explicitly stated in the sentence. In addition, "include / comprise" or "includes / comprises" used in this specification indicates that one or more components, steps, operations, and elements exist or have been added. The specific structural or functional descriptions of the examples of the implementation of the concepts disclosed in this specification are only illustrated to describe the examples of the implementation of the concepts, and the examples of the implementation of the concepts can be implemented in various forms, but these descriptions are not limited to the examples of the implementation described in this specification.

[0054] According to the concept, various modifications and changes can be applied to the examples of the embodiments, so that the examples of the embodiments will be illustrated in the drawings and described in the specification. However, the examples of the embodiments according to the concept are not limited to the specific embodiments, but include all changes, equivalents or replacements included in the spirit and technical scope of the present disclosure.

[0055] It should be understood that when an element is described as being "coupled" or "connected" to another element, the element may be directly coupled or directly connected to the other element, or may be coupled or connected to the other element through a third element. Conversely, it should be understood that when an element is referred to as being "directly coupled to" or "directly coupled to" another element, no other element is placed between them. Other expressions describing the relationship between components (i.e., "between" and "directly between" or "adjacent to" and "directly adjacent to") need to be interpreted in the same manner.

[0056] The terms used in this specification are only used to describe specific examples of the embodiments and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. If there is no clear opposite meaning in the context, the singular form may include the plural form. In this specification, it should be understood that the term "including" or "having" indicates the presence of the features, quantities, steps, operations, components, parts or combinations thereof described in the specification, but the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, quantities, steps, operations, components, parts or combinations thereof cannot be precluded.

[0057] If there is no contrary definition, all terms (including technical terms or scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by ordinary technicians in the field. If the terms defined in the commonly used dictionary are not clearly defined in this specification, they should be interpreted as having the same meaning as in the context of the relevant technology, and not interpreted as ideal or overly formal meanings.

[0058] Descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques may be omitted so as not to unnecessarily obscure the embodiments of the disclosure.

[0059] Throughout the specification, the same reference numerals refer to the same elements. Thus, even if a reference numeral is not mentioned or described with reference to one figure, it may be mentioned or described with reference to another figure. Furthermore, even if a reference numeral is not shown in one figure, it may be mentioned or described with reference to another figure.

[0060] In addition, the logic level of the signal may be different or opposite to the described logic level. For example, a signal described as having a logic "high" level may alternatively have a logic "low" level, and a signal described as having a logic "low" level may alternatively have a logic "high" level.

[0061] The following will describe the various embodiments of the present disclosure in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in the various embodiments of the present disclosure, many technical details are provided in order to enable the reader to better understand the present disclosure. However, even without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments, the technical solutions claimed in the present disclosure can be implemented.

[0062] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of a miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filtering antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 An overall exploded diagram of a miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filter antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. The present invention provides a miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filter antenna, comprising an antenna radiator layer 1, a network feed layer 2, and an output connector 3. The antenna radiator layer 1 and the network feed layer 2 are arranged on the same multi-layer circuit board, and the antenna radiator layer 1 serves as the upper layer of the multi-layer circuit board; the network feed layer 2 serves as the lower layer of the multi-layer circuit board; the output connector 3 is connected to the network feed layer 2, and the output connector 3 is arranged at the bottom of the network feed layer 2.

[0063] The present invention provides a miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filtering antenna, which is designed as a multi-layer PCB stack, including an antenna radiator layer 1, a network feed layer 2, and an output connector 3. The antenna has a special-shaped radiator, a feed point far from the feed core, a side slot, and a bottom hole, thereby achieving a wider working bandwidth than a conventional single-feed circularly polarized antenna. It can well meet the requirements of mobile communication systems for a new generation of satellite communication antennas.

[0064] The present invention provides a miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filtering antenna, comprising an antenna radiator layer 1, a network feed layer 2, and an output connector 3. For good working efficiency and transmission efficiency, the antenna radiator layer 1 and the network feed layer 2 are arranged on the same circuit board.

[0065] See also Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 3 A structural diagram of the antenna radiator layer of a miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filtering antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 A side view of an antenna radiator layer of a miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filtering antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0066] Specifically, the antenna radiator layer 1 includes an antenna radiating microstrip patch 11, an antenna feed needle 12, and an antenna radiation reflecting surface 15. The antenna radiating microstrip patch 11 includes N×M antenna radiating units arranged at equal intervals. The antenna radiating microstrip patch 11 is arranged at the top of the antenna radiator layer 1, and N and M are positive integers greater than or equal to 1; the antenna feed needle 12 is arranged at the bottom of the antenna radiating unit, and one end of the antenna feed needle 12 is connected to the antenna radiating unit; the other end of the antenna feed needle 12 passes through the antenna radiation reflecting surface 15 to be connected to the network feed layer 2, and the antenna radiation reflecting surface 15 is arranged at the bottom of the antenna radiator layer 1.

[0067] Specifically, the side edge of the antenna radiation unit adopts a U-shaped slot 14.

[0068] Specifically, one end of the antenna feed pin 12 passes through the antenna radiation reflection surface 15 and is connected to the network feeding layer 2 , and the other end of the antenna feed pin 12 is connected to a side groove body of the U-shaped groove 14 .

[0069] Specifically, the antenna radiator layer 1 further includes a microstrip grounding column 13 , and the antenna radiating unit is connected to the antenna radiation reflecting surface 15 via a plurality of the microstrip grounding columns 13 .

[0070] Among them, the antenna radiator layer 1 includes an antenna radiation microstrip plate 11 and an antenna feeding part; the bandwidth of a conventional dielectric single-fed microstrip antenna is less than 10%, and the antenna radiation microstrip plate 11 proposes to adopt a side U-shaped groove 14 and an antenna feed needle 12 side excitation; after optimization, the antenna bandwidth can achieve a circular polarization characteristic of 25%.

[0071] See also Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 5 A structural diagram of a network feeding layer of a miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filter antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 A side view of a network feeding layer of a miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filtering antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0072] Specifically, the network feeding layer 2 includes a stripline synthesis network 21, a filter 22, and a microstrip line 23. The stripline synthesis network 21 is connected to the antenna radiation microstrip plate 11 through the antenna feed needle 12; the filter 22 is connected to the output end of the stripline synthesis network 21; one end of the microstrip line 23 is connected to the output end of the filter 22, and the other end of the microstrip line 23 is connected to the output connector 3.

[0073] Specifically, the stripline synthesis network 21 adopts a multi-layer PCB stripline design.

[0074] Specifically, the filter 22 adopts a multi-layer PCB stripline design.

[0075] The network feed layer 2 of the present invention includes a stripline synthesis network 21, a filter 22, and a microstrip line 23. The multi-layer PCB medium is used to achieve miniaturization of the RF front end, improve the integration of the RF front end, and make the antenna work better.

[0076] Compared with the prior art, the miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filter antenna of the present invention has multiple antenna radiation plates connected to the network layer of the lower layer through feed pins from top to bottom. The network and filter are integrated together in the same layer, and then the strip-to-microstrip design is used to finally output the connector. The integrated design of the overall antenna, network, device and other components greatly compresses the size, has strong engineering performance, is easy to assemble and expand, and greatly reduces costs.

[0077] It can be understood that the miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filter antenna of the present invention adopts a multi-layer PCB design, the first layer of the medium is the antenna radiator layer 1, including an antenna radiating microstrip 11 fed by an antenna feed pin 12, and the antenna radiating microstrip 11 is connected to the antenna radiating reflective surface 15 through a microstrip grounding column 13, together forming an antenna radiating unit. The antenna radiating unit is evenly laid out and expanded to an array.

[0078] Antenna array, the second layer of dielectric and the third layer of dielectric form a design structure for a stripline; the same material and layer structure are used to design the stripline synthesis network 21 and the filter 22; the antenna radiator layer 1 is composed of 16 antenna radiating microstrip pieces 11 connected to the stripline synthesis network 21 through 16 single feed pins 12 to synthesize one path. After completing the 16-path integration, the filter 22 completes the antenna filtering function, and the final output uses a microstrip line 23 to connect to the output connector 3 for output.

[0079] The miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filter antenna of the present invention can also be loaded with any number of unit antennas and output in a BGA manner, so that the whole device has a higher degree of integration.

[0080] Compared with the prior art, the miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filter antenna of the present invention can be loaded with any number of unit antennas, and the array layout can be expanded based on this. It has a compact structure, strong versatility, is easy to implement, has good antenna performance, and is suitable for large satellite communication antennas.

[0081] See also Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 , Figure 7 A return loss curve diagram of a miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filtering antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 8 A gain curve diagram of a miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filtering antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 9 An axial ratio curve diagram of a miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filtering antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig.10 A two-dimensional radiation pattern of a miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filtering antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 7 As shown, the antenna frequency of the present invention is within 18.3GHz-23.7GHz, less than -10dB; Figure 8 As shown, the antenna frequency of the present invention is within 18.3GHz-23.7GHz, the gain characteristic is good, and the suppression is greater than 25dB at high frequency; Fig. 9 As shown, the antenna frequency of the present invention has an axial ratio of less than 2 at 18.3 GHz-23.7 GHz; Fig.10 As shown, the antenna is loaded with a strip network and a strip filter.

[0082] In summary, the miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filtering antenna of the present invention has multiple antenna radiation plates connected to the network layer of the lower layer through feed pins from top to bottom, and the network and filter are integrated together in the same layer, and then a strip-to-microstrip design is used to finally output the connector. The integrated design of the overall antenna, network, device and other components greatly compresses the size, has strong engineering performance, is easy to assemble and expand, and greatly reduces costs. The present invention uses a multi-layer PCB medium to achieve miniaturization of the RF front end, improve the integration of the RF front end, and make the antenna work well.

[0083] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by a person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed by the present invention shall still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filter antenna, characterized in that: include: An antenna radiator layer (1) and a network feed layer (2) are arranged on the same multi-layer circuit board, and the antenna radiator layer (1) serves as an upper layer of the multi-layer circuit board; A network feed layer (2), which serves as the lower layer of the multi-layer circuit board; An output connector (3) is connected to the network feed layer (2); the output connector (3) is arranged at the bottom of the network feed layer (2).

2. A miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filter antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna radiator layer (1) comprises: An antenna radiation microstrip patch (11), comprising N×M antenna radiation units arranged at equal intervals, the antenna radiation microstrip patch (11) being arranged on the top of the antenna radiator layer (1), N and M being positive integers greater than or equal to 1; An antenna feed pin (12) is arranged at the bottom of the antenna radiation unit, and one end of the antenna feed pin (12) is connected to the antenna radiation unit; An antenna radiation reflection surface (15), the other end of the antenna feed needle (12) passes through the antenna radiation reflection surface (15) to be connected to the network feed layer (2), and the antenna radiation reflection surface (15) is arranged at the bottom of the antenna radiator layer (1).

3. A miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filtering antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side edge of the antenna radiation unit adopts a U-shaped slot (14).

4. The miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filtering antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the antenna feed pin (12) passes through the antenna radiation reflection surface (15) and is connected to the network feed layer (2), and the other end of the antenna feed pin (12) is connected to a side slot body of the U-shaped slot (14).

5. A miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filtering antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The antenna radiator layer (1) further comprises: Microstrip grounding posts (13), wherein the antenna radiation unit is connected to the antenna radiation reflection surface (15) via a plurality of microstrip grounding posts (13).

6. A miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filtering antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The network feed layer (2) comprises: A stripline synthesis network (21), which is connected to the antenna radiation microstrip plate (11) through the antenna feed needle (12); A filter (22) connected to the output end of the stripline synthesis network (21); A microstrip line (23) has one end connected to the output end of the filter (22), and the other end of the microstrip line (23) is connected to the output connector (3).

7. The miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filtering antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that: The stripline synthesis network (21) adopts a multi-layer PCB stripline design.

8. The miniaturized broadband circularly polarized filtering antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that: The filter (22) adopts a multi-layer PCB stripline design.

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