Emergency recovery system for station power disappearance of hydropower station

Abstract

The invention discloses an emergency recovery system for station power disappearance of a hydropower station, and relates to the technical field of automation and intelligent control of a power system, and the system comprises an optimization module which is used for automatically optimizing the operation sequence of substation switches based on the state of electrical equipment in a substation and network topology so as to avoid short-circuit current impact, the load management module is used for receiving an instruction of the optimization module and disconnecting a non-critical load loop to reduce the load of the power system, the path control module is used for closing a key switch on a predetermined optimal path according to an optimization result of the optimization module, and the power supply recovery module is used for gradually recovering normal power supply of key equipment and a station service power system. The communication module is used for data interaction and synchronization among the modules to ensure coordinated operation of the system; according to the emergency recovery system for station power disappearance of the hydropower station, the operation sequence of a substation switch is automatically optimized to solve the problem of short-circuit current impact in the station power recovery process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of power system automation and intelligent control, and in particular to an emergency recovery system for power outage in a hydropower station. Background Art

[0002] In modern hydropower stations, the auxiliary power system is the core part of the normal operation of the hydropower station, which is used to provide a stable power supply for the auxiliary equipment of the power station. However, when the auxiliary power system suddenly disappears due to a fault or other reasons, how to quickly and effectively restore the auxiliary power becomes an urgent problem to be solved in the operation of the hydropower station. At present, in order to deal with the problem of the disappearance of auxiliary power, some hydropower stations use manual or semi-automatic methods to operate the substation switches.

[0003] These operations usually rely on a pre-set fixed sequence. However, this fixed sequence cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the actual grid operation status, which can easily cause the following problems: short-circuit current shock. During the power recovery process of the plant, the simultaneous closure of multiple switches or unreasonable operation sequence may cause instantaneous short-circuit current shock, damaging electrical equipment or causing system instability; extended recovery time. Due to the lack of automatic optimization, operators need to manually adjust the operation sequence of switches, which not only increases the recovery time, but may also cause further equipment failures due to operational errors; low operating efficiency. The existing switch operation process usually requires a lot of manual intervention and lacks flexibility, making it difficult to meet the needs of modern hydropower stations for efficient and intelligent recovery. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an emergency recovery system for the loss of power supply to a hydropower station, which automatically optimizes the operation sequence of substation switches to solve the problem of short-circuit current impact during the power supply recovery process.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an emergency recovery system for power outage in a hydropower station, the system comprising: The optimization module is used to automatically optimize the operation sequence of the substation switches based on the electrical equipment status and network topology in the substation to avoid short-circuit current shocks, including obtaining the short-circuit current intensity of each device in the substation, calculating the safety and stability value of the system under the current switch operation sequence, adjusting the switch operation sequence, maximizing the safety and stability value under the current switch operation sequence, and minimizing the short-circuit current shock. The specific formula is: ; Among them, A represents the safe and stable value under the current switch operation sequence, m represents the proportional constant of the adjustment, I represents the short-circuit current value actually measured in the substation at a certain moment, and I0 represents the preset safety threshold current; A load management module connected to the optimization module is used to receive instructions from the optimization module and disconnect non-critical load circuits to reduce the burden on the power system; The path control module connected to the optimization module and the load management module is used to close the key switches on the predetermined optimal path according to the optimization results of the optimization module, including modeling each power supply path and path load of the substation, calculating the conflict between paths, constructing the competition coefficient, finding the dynamic balance between paths, and determining the optimal power supply path. The specific formula is: ; Among them, b i represents the state variable of path i, t represents time, c i represents the initial optimization priority of path i, a ij represents the competition coefficient between path i and path j, i represents the number of the power supply path, j represents the number of other paths related to path i, b j represents the state variable of path j; Close the key switches on the optimal path according to the calculation results to reduce conflicts between paths; The power supply restoration module connected to the path control module is used to gradually restore the normal power supply of key equipment and the plant power system; The communication module connected to the optimization module, load management module, path control module and power supply recovery module is used for data interaction and synchronization between modules to ensure coordinated operation of the system.

[0006] Preferably, the load management module receives the instruction from the optimization module, and disconnecting the non-critical load circuit to reduce the burden of the power system includes: Calculate the current occupancy ratio of each non-critical load and gradually reduce the non-critical load. The specific formula is: ; Among them, B t represents the load occupancy ratio at time t, B0 represents the initial load occupancy ratio, p represents the load reduction coefficient, and t represents time; Disconnect non-critical loads according to the curtailment results.

[0007] Preferably, the power supply recovery module gradually recovers the normal power supply of key equipment and the factory power system, including: Determine the maximum load and recovery rate, calculate the restored load, and gradually restore power supply. The specific formula is: ; Where U(t) represents the recovery load at time t, U max represents the maximum recovery load, r represents the load recovery rate, t represents time, t0 represents the recovery center time point, and e represents the base of the natural logarithm; Monitor the load recovery progress in real time, dynamically adjust the load recovery rate and recovery center time point according to demand, and gradually restore non-critical loads after key equipment is restored until the factory power system operates normally.

[0008] Preferably, the communication module is used for data interaction and synchronization between modules to ensure coordinated operation of the system including: Set the base frequency of the communication module, assign a harmonic-based synchronization frequency to all modules, and check the communication frequency between modules according to the module synchronization frequency. The specific formula is: f n =f1×n; Among them, f n Indicates the synchronization frequency of the nth module, f1 indicates the base frequency, and n indicates the module number; When data conflicts or delays occur, the modules are resynchronized by adjusting the baseband frequency to ensure frequency consistency of data interaction.

[0009] Preferably, the path control module closes the competition relationship coefficient a between path i and path j in the key switch on the predetermined optimal path according to the optimization result of the optimization module. ij The calculation formula is: ; Among them, a ij represents the competition coefficient between path i and path j, S ij represents the load capacity of the resource shared by path i and path j, C i represents the total capacity of path i, C j represents the total capacity of path j.

[0010] Preferably, the power supply recovery module gradually restores the normal power supply of key equipment and the factory power system, and the calculation formula of the load recovery rate r is: r = k × E / T; Among them, r represents the load recovery rate, k represents the adjustment coefficient, E represents the current total load, and T represents the recovery time period.

[0011] Preferably, the power supply recovery module gradually recovers the normal power supply of key equipment and the factory power system. The calculation formula for the central time point t0 is: ; Among them, t0 represents the time point of restoring the center, It represents the start time of the recovery task, and Δt represents the time span of the entire recovery process.

[0012] Preferably, the power supply recovery module gradually restores the normal power supply of key equipment and the factory power system. max The calculation formula is: ; Among them, U max Indicates the maximum recovery load. Indicates the maximum load of the zth device, z indicates the number of the device that needs to be restored, and y indicates the total number of devices or areas that need to be restored.

[0013] Preferably, the path control module closes the key switches on the predetermined optimal path according to the optimization result of the optimization module, wherein the key switches include the substation main switch, the load protection switch, the backup power supply switching switch, the regional isolation switch and the regulator switch.

[0014] Preferably, the load protection switch gives priority to protecting key load equipment during the recovery process to prevent damage due to overload or short circuit.

[0015] It can be seen from the above technical solution that the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This emergency recovery system for the loss of power supply to the hydropower station automatically optimizes the operation sequence of the substation switches based on the electrical equipment status and network topology in the substation through the optimization module to avoid short-circuit current shock. The load management module receives the instructions of the optimization module and disconnects non-critical load loops to reduce the burden on the power system. The path control module closes the key switches on the predetermined optimal path according to the optimization results of the optimization module. The power supply recovery module gradually restores the normal power supply of key equipment and the power supply system. The communication module is used for data interaction and synchronization between modules to ensure coordinated operation of the system, effectively avoid instantaneous short-circuit current shock caused by the simultaneous closure of multiple switches or unreasonable operation sequence, and ensure that the current shock during the switch operation is minimized, thereby protecting electrical equipment. It improves the safety of the system, improves the stability of the system, saves the time of manually adjusting the switch sequence, quickly completes the closing of key switches and load recovery, effectively shortens the overall time of power recovery, reduces manual intervention, realizes efficient and intelligent recovery process, improves recovery efficiency, meets the needs of modern hydropower stations for intelligent and efficient operation, ensures the coordination of switch operation and load recovery, reduces the risk of equipment failure caused by manual operation errors, reduces the impact of load recovery on the system, further improves the safety and reliability of system operation, reduces short-circuit current impact and damage to equipment by manual misoperation, thereby reducing equipment failure rate and maintenance cost, and automatically optimizes the operation sequence of substation switches to solve the problem of short-circuit current impact during power recovery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of the system modules of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: an emergency recovery system for a hydropower station when power is lost, the system comprising: The optimization module is used to automatically optimize the operation sequence of the substation switches based on the electrical equipment status and network topology in the substation to avoid short-circuit current shocks, including obtaining the short-circuit current intensity of each device in the substation, calculating the safety and stability value of the system under the current switch operation sequence, adjusting the switch operation sequence, maximizing the safety and stability value under the current switch operation sequence, and minimizing the short-circuit current shock. The specific formula is: ; Among them, A represents the safe and stable value under the current switch operation sequence, m represents the proportional constant of the adjustment, I represents the short-circuit current value actually measured in the substation at a certain moment, and I0 represents the preset safety threshold current; A load management module connected to the optimization module is used to receive instructions from the optimization module and disconnect non-critical load circuits to reduce the burden on the power system; The path control module connected to the optimization module and the load management module is used to close the key switches on the predetermined optimal path according to the optimization results of the optimization module, including modeling each power supply path and path load of the substation, calculating the conflict between paths, constructing the competition coefficient, finding the dynamic balance between paths, and determining the optimal power supply path. The specific formula is: ; Among them, b i represents the state variable of path i, t represents time, c i represents the initial optimization priority of path i, a ij represents the competition coefficient between path i and path j, i represents the number of the power supply path, j represents the number of other paths related to path i, b j represents the state variable of path j; Close the key switches on the optimal path according to the calculation results to reduce conflicts between paths; The power supply restoration module connected to the path control module is used to gradually restore the normal power supply of key equipment and the plant power system; The communication module connected to the optimization module, load management module, path control module and power supply recovery module is used for data interaction and synchronization between modules to ensure coordinated operation of the system.

[0019] The system analyzes the operating status and network structure of electrical equipment in the substation through the optimization module, calculates the safety and stability value of the current operation sequence and optimizes the operation sequence to minimize the short-circuit current impact. The load management module receives the optimization instruction and disconnects non-critical loads in stages, thereby reducing the system burden and giving priority to ensuring the power supply safety of critical equipment. The path control module determines the optimal power supply path by dynamically adjusting the path status, and optimizes the switch status according to the calculation results to avoid conflicts between paths and ensure the stability of the power supply path. The power supply recovery module uses a gradual recovery strategy, and the core is to give priority to ensuring the power supply of important equipment. In addition, the optimization module and the path control module dynamically balance the competitive relationship, and the core is to optimize and balance each path to achieve the optimal path selection. When the system is running, through dynamic calculation and result analysis, the optimal sequence is summarized and jointly selected to ensure the power supply of important equipment and the overall stability of the system. By promoting the coordination of equipment, the overall recovery efficiency is ultimately improved, and the risk of small shocks during power supply recovery is reduced. The operation sequence is dynamically adjusted by the optimization module to reduce the short-circuit current impact and ensure the safe and stable operation of the system. The path control module optimizes and selects the optimal power supply path to avoid path conflicts and improve the recovery efficiency. The cost of electricity use is reduced by disconnecting non-critical loads in stages. Through subsequent dynamic monitoring and real-time calculation, the switch operation is optimized, the operational convenience is improved, and the risk of failure during power restoration is further reduced.

[0020] The load management module receives the instruction from the optimization module and disconnects the non-critical load circuit to reduce the burden on the power system, including: calculating the current occupancy ratio of each non-critical load and gradually reducing the non-critical load. The specific formula is: ; Among them, B t represents the load occupancy ratio at time t, B0 represents the initial load occupancy ratio, p represents the load reduction coefficient, and t represents time; Disconnect non-critical loads according to the curtailment results.

[0021] The load management module receives instructions from the optimization module and dynamically calculates the occupancy rate of non-critical loads based on real-time monitored load information. Accurately plan the load reduction strategy. The reduction process is carried out in a gradual manner to ensure the priority power supply of important loads. As time t passes, the occupancy rate of non-critical loads B tThe load management module will automatically issue a disconnection command based on the calculation results after the reduction, thereby achieving the goal of reducing the burden on the power system. In this process, the key function of the load management module is to dynamically adjust the reduction strategy and monitor the power grid status in real time to avoid the impact of the load reduction process on the system stability. In addition, by optimizing the reduction curve parameter p, a flexible reduction strategy can be implemented in different time periods to meet the diverse needs of the system. By gradually reducing non-critical loads, the system operating pressure is reduced, providing more stable power support for key equipment. Based on the formula The load ratio can be adjusted dynamically, and the reduction rate can be flexibly set according to different power supply and demand conditions. The load management module ensures the priority power supply of important loads and reduces the risk of power conflict during the recovery process by optimizing the reduction sequence. It reduces the power supply time of non-critical loads, reduces power consumption costs, and improves the energy efficiency of the system.

[0022] The power supply restoration module gradually restores the normal power supply of key equipment and plant power systems, including: Determine the maximum load and recovery rate, calculate the restored load, and gradually restore power supply. The specific formula is: ; Where U(t) represents the recovery load at time t, U max represents the maximum recovery load, r represents the load recovery rate, t represents time, t0 represents the recovery center time point, and e represents the base of the natural logarithm; Monitor the load recovery progress in real time, dynamically adjust the load recovery rate and recovery center time point according to demand, and gradually restore non-critical loads after key equipment is restored until the factory power system operates normally.

[0023] The power supply restoration module analyzes the operating status of the power system in real time and uses the formula Dynamically calculate the restored load to ensure the optimal distribution of load in different time periods. The recovery rate r and the recovery center time point t0 in the formula can be adjusted according to actual conditions to achieve high efficiency and stability in the power supply restoration process. The system first gives priority to restoring the load of key equipment, and after ensuring its normal operation, gradually connects non-critical loads according to the restoration plan. This process is monitored in real time by the power supply restoration module, which can dynamically adjust the recovery rate to cope with sudden load demands or system fluctuations, thereby maximizing the safety and continuity of the power supply restoration process. In addition, the power supply restoration module effectively avoids the power shock that may be caused by too fast restoration through the curve control model, and further improves the recovery efficiency and stability of the system through dynamic monitoring and adjustment. By dynamically calculating the load recovery amount and gradually increasing the power supply, the impact of too fast restoration on the system is avoided; the module can adjust the recovery rate r and the recovery time point t0 according to actual needs to adapt to different system conditions and changes in the external environment; optimize the recovery process, give priority to restoring key loads, and then gradually connect non-critical loads, greatly improving the system recovery efficiency; monitor the recovery process in real time, and avoid possible load conflicts or system instability during the recovery process through dynamic adjustment.

[0024] The communication module is used for data exchange and synchronization between modules to ensure coordinated operation of the system, including setting the communication module base frequency, allocating harmonic-based synchronization frequencies to all modules, and checking the communication frequency between modules according to the module synchronization frequency. The specific formula is: f n =f1×n; Among them, f n Indicates the synchronization frequency of the nth module, f1 indicates the base frequency, and n indicates the module number; When data conflicts or delays occur, the modules are resynchronized by adjusting the baseband frequency to ensure frequency consistency of data interaction.

[0025] The communication module sets the base frequency f1 and the synchronization frequency f of each module. n , realize data interaction and operation synchronization between various functional modules in the system. The synchronization frequency f of each module n According to the different module numbers n, according to the formula f n=f1×n allocation, this harmonic-based allocation method ensures the uniqueness and distinguishability of the frequency of each module. When the system is running, the communication module verifies the synchronization frequency between modules in real time to ensure frequency consistency. When conflicts or delays occur during data interaction, the communication module can dynamically reallocate the synchronization frequencies of each module by adjusting the base frequency f1, thereby quickly restoring the coordination of data interaction and the synchronous operation of the system. In addition, the communication module also supports dynamic dispatching. When a module is temporarily added or exited, the synchronization frequency can be automatically adjusted to ensure the frequency consistency between the newly added or exited module and the system. Ensure the uniqueness and consistency of the communication frequency between modules, and effectively avoid data conflicts; the communication module verifies the synchronization frequency in real time, can quickly adjust the base frequency, dynamically restore the synchronization of data interaction, and ensure the coordinated operation of the system; when modules are added or reduced or the operating status changes, the communication module ensures the flexibility and adaptability of the system by adjusting the frequency allocation; through the frequency verification and adjustment mechanism, data conflicts and delays are greatly reduced, and communication efficiency is improved.

[0026] The path control module closes the competition relationship coefficient a between path i and path j in the key switch on the predetermined optimal path according to the optimization result of the optimization module. ij The calculation formula is: ; Among them, a ij represents the competition coefficient between path i and path j, S ij represents the load capacity of the resource shared by path i and path j, C i represents the total capacity of path i, C j represents the total capacity of path j.

[0027] The path control module dynamically evaluates the load of each path and the degree of resource sharing between them by receiving the calculation results of the optimization module. ij By formula Calculated, where S ij represents the load of the shared resources between paths i and j, C i and C j denote the total capacity of path i and path j, respectively. This formula effectively quantifies the degree of competition between paths, reflecting their dependence on shared resources and possible conflict risks. In the path control process, the competition relationship coefficient is used to guide path selection and the operation strategy of key switches. For example, when optimizing paths, the path control module will give priority to paths with lower competition relationship coefficients to reduce resource conflicts and improve the overall recovery efficiency of the system. In addition, when the system detects that the competition relationship coefficient a of a certain path is ijWhen the competition between paths is too high, the path control module can dynamically adjust the operation strategy of key switches or reallocate load capacity to optimize resource allocation between paths and reduce the risk of conflict. By quantifying the competition between paths, the optimization module can give priority to paths with lower competition coefficients, thereby effectively reducing resource conflicts; by reasonably allocating the load capacity of shared resources, the total capacity utilization of the paths can be maximized; when the competition between certain paths is too high, the system can dynamically adjust the resource allocation strategy to avoid instability caused by overloading of key paths; quantitative analysis of competition relationships supports more accurate path optimization and improves the overall efficiency of the emergency recovery system.

[0028] The power supply restoration module gradually restores the normal power supply of key equipment and the plant power system. The calculation formula of the load recovery rate r is: r = k × E / T; Among them, r represents the load recovery rate, k represents the adjustment coefficient, E represents the current total load, and T represents the recovery time period.

[0029] The power supply recovery module determines the load recovery rate r through the dynamic calculation formula r=k×E / T to achieve precise control of the recovery process. This formula combines the current total load E and the recovery time period T to ensure that the power supply recovery task is completed within the preset time period. At the same time, the adjustment coefficient k is used to flexibly adjust the recovery rate to cope with the fluctuation of load demand or changes in the external environment during the actual recovery process. In actual operation, the power supply recovery module calculates the total amount E based on the real-time detected load data and sets the recovery period T according to the scheduling plan. The adjustment coefficient k can be automatically set by the system according to the recovery requirements and stability standards of the power system, or it can be manually adjusted by the operator. The recovery process is carried out by gradually increasing the load to avoid current shocks caused by too fast recovery, while ensuring that the recovery order of key and non-key equipment is reasonably arranged. In addition, the power supply recovery module continuously monitors the system operation status throughout the recovery process. When it is found that the load exceeds the limit or the recovery progress is too slow, it can dynamically optimize the recovery rate by re-adjusting parameters such as k, E, and T to ensure the safety and efficiency of the recovery process. By dynamically calculating the load recovery rate, the recovery process is ensured to be precise and controllable. Based on the current total load E and recovery period T, power resources are rationally allocated to avoid overpowering or waste of resources. The introduction of the adjustment coefficient k improves the system's adaptability to load demand fluctuations. The method of gradually increasing the load effectively reduces the risk of power shocks and system instability caused by too fast recovery. The system can adjust parameters in real time according to actual conditions to ensure safe and efficient operation under various recovery conditions.

[0030] The power supply restoration module gradually restores the normal power supply of key equipment and the factory power system. The calculation formula for the central time point t0 is: ; Among them, t0 represents the time point of restoring the center, It represents the start time of the recovery task, and Δt represents the time span of the entire recovery process.

[0031] The power recovery module is based on the formula Dynamically determine the recovery center time point t0. The recovery center time point t0 is the time when the load gradually increases and reaches the critical turning point during the entire recovery process, which is used to optimize the timing of power distribution and operation steps. Recovery start time is the moment when the recovery task is started, and the system officially starts the recovery operation at this moment; the time span Δt is the estimated time from the start to the completion of the recovery task, which is used to measure the total duration of the entire process. In actual operation, the power recovery module monitors the recovery process in real time and dynamically adjusts the value of t0 to adapt to load fluctuations or emergencies in system operation. For example, when the load changes beyond expectations during the recovery process, the module can re-evaluate and Δt, and adjust t0 accordingly to ensure the efficiency and safety of the recovery process. In addition, by dividing the recovery process into three stages: early, central, and late, the system can centrally allocate resources at the central time point t0 to ensure that key equipment is restored first, while balancing the load distribution at the early and late stages to optimize system operation efficiency. By calculating the recovery center time point t0, the resource allocation and operation sequence of the entire recovery process are reasonably planned; the recovery plan is optimized with t0 as the core, resources are concentrated at critical moments, and recovery efficiency is significantly improved; by real-time adjustment and Δt, dynamically optimize t0, so that the system can adapt to fluctuations and emergencies in actual operation; divide the recovery task into different stages, balance resource allocation, and avoid excessive pressure or waste of resources in the early or late stages of recovery.

[0032] The power supply restoration module gradually restores the normal power supply of key equipment and plant power systems. max The calculation formula is: ; Among them, U max Indicates the maximum recovery load. Indicates the maximum load of the zth device, z indicates the number of the device that needs to be restored, and y indicates the total number of devices or areas that need to be restored.

[0033] The power supply recovery module calculates the maximum recovery load U according to the above formula max , used to properly allocate system resources and power capacity during the recovery process. Maximum load per device Determined by the rated power, load requirements and operating conditions of the equipment. By accumulating the load of all equipment or areas that need to be restored, the system can accurately determine the maximum power support value required during the entire restoration process. In actual operation, the power restoration module first scans all equipment z that needs to be restored to determine its specific load requirements. The module then groups or sorts these devices according to the recovery plan and gradually connects them to the power system. To ensure system stability, the recovery module will prioritize the recovery of key devices and dynamically adjust the maximum recovery load U based on real-time load monitoring data. max In addition, when the load demand of some equipment fluctuates due to changes in the operating environment, the module can recalculate U max , and optimize the recovery plan based on the adjusted results to ensure the efficiency and safety of the entire recovery process. By accumulating the maximum load requirements of each device, the maximum power support required during the recovery process is accurately calculated to ensure the rationality of the power supply plan; according to U max Based on the calculation results, rationally plan the allocation of power resources and improve the recovery efficiency; dynamically adjust the maximum load calculation in real time to adapt to changes in equipment load demand and avoid system instability caused by overload or uneven resource allocation; formulate a recovery plan based on the maximum load, give priority to restoring key equipment, and optimize the power dispatch and operation sequence of the entire recovery process.

[0034] The path control module closes the key switches on the predetermined optimal path according to the optimization results of the optimization module. The key switches include the substation main switch, the load protection switch, the backup power supply transfer switch, the regional isolation switch and the regulator switch.

[0035] The path control module identifies the optimal power supply path and determines the key switch positions on the path through the optimization results provided by the optimization module. During the specific operation, the path control module will gradually close the following key switches in a pre-set priority order: Substation main switch: Responsible for restoring the main power supply path inside the substation and providing initial power input for the load; Load protection switch: Used to ensure the safe power supply of key loads to prevent equipment damage caused by power fluctuations during the recovery process; Backup power supply switch: When the main power supply is not fully restored or fails, switch to the backup power supply to ensure the continuous operation of the system; Regional isolation switch: Used to isolate the power supply path of a specific area to ensure that power conflicts between different areas are effectively avoided during the recovery process; Regulator switch: By closing the regulator switch, dynamically adjust the voltage and current parameters to ensure stable operation of the power system. During the above operation, the path control module monitors the status of the key switches in real time to ensure that after each switch operation is completed, the overall operating parameters of the system remain within a safe range. When a key switch operation fails, the path control module can re-optimize the path and select a backup switch or adjust other paths to achieve the recovery goal. By pre-determining key switches, the path control module can quickly identify and operate key nodes on the optimal path to achieve accurate recovery; key switches (such as load protection switches, area isolation switches) can effectively avoid power conflicts or equipment damage, and improve the safety of the recovery process; the setting of the backup power supply switch ensures the continuous power supply of the system before the main power supply is restored, improving the reliability of the system; the dynamic adjustment function of the regulator switch further optimizes the stability of voltage and current during the recovery process; through regional isolation and path optimization, the utilization efficiency of power resources is improved and the power waste during the recovery process is reduced.

[0036] The load protection switch gives priority to protecting critical load devices during the restoration process to prevent damage caused by overload or short circuit. The load protection switch is an important component in the emergency restoration system and is used to give priority to protecting critical load devices during the power restoration process. The specific working principle is as follows: Real-time detection of load status: The load protection switch monitors the operating parameters of critical load devices such as current, voltage and temperature in real time through built-in sensors. When the system detects that the load device is at risk of overload or short circuit, the load protection switch will quickly cut off the power supply to the device to prevent the device from being damaged due to overload or short circuit. Protection priority mechanism: During the restoration process, the system will set a higher protection priority for critical load devices. According to the restoration plan, the load protection switch will give priority to the power supply security of these devices, and the protection of non-critical loads will be secondary. This ensures that critical load devices are always in a safe operating state during the restoration process. Dynamic adjustment of protection parameters: During the power restoration process, the load protection switch can dynamically adjust the protection threshold according to the real-time monitoring data, such as setting the critical values ​​of current and voltage according to the working status of the load device. When the system load demand changes, the load protection switch can reconfigure the protection strategy to adapt to the actual restoration situation. Quick response mechanism: When a short circuit or overload event is detected, the load protection switch can respond within milliseconds, immediately cut off the power supply to the faulty load, and send a fault signal to the path control module to adjust the recovery path or operation plan. The load protection switch gives priority to protecting key load equipment, which can effectively prevent damage caused by overload or short circuit and ensure the safe operation of the core equipment of the system; during the recovery process, the quick response protection mechanism reduces the recovery interruption caused by equipment failure and improves the reliability of the recovery process; the load protection switch can adjust the protection parameters according to the real-time monitoring data to ensure that the equipment can be reasonably protected under various working conditions; through effective protection measures, the possibility of damage to key equipment due to failure is reduced, and the cost of equipment maintenance and replacement is reduced; the load protection switch gives priority to protecting key equipment and reasonably allocates power resources to ensure the maximum efficiency of power use during the recovery process.

[0037] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An emergency recovery system for power outage in a hydropower station, characterized in that: The system comprises: The optimization module is used to automatically optimize the operation sequence of the substation switches based on the electrical equipment status and network topology in the substation to avoid short-circuit current shocks, including obtaining the short-circuit current intensity of each device in the substation, calculating the safety and stability value of the system under the current switch operation sequence, adjusting the switch operation sequence, maximizing the safety and stability value under the current switch operation sequence, and minimizing the short-circuit current shock. The specific formula is: ; Among them, A represents the safe and stable value under the current switch operation sequence, m represents the proportional constant of the adjustment, I represents the short-circuit current value actually measured in the substation at a certain moment, and I0 represents the preset safety threshold current; A load management module connected to the optimization module is used to receive instructions from the optimization module and disconnect non-critical load circuits to reduce the burden on the power system; The path control module connected to the optimization module and the load management module is used to close the key switches on the predetermined optimal path according to the optimization results of the optimization module, including modeling each power supply path and path load of the substation, calculating the conflict between paths, constructing the competition coefficient, finding the dynamic balance between paths, and determining the optimal power supply path. The specific formula is: ; Among them, b i represents the state variable of path i, t represents time, c i represents the initial optimization priority of path i, a ij represents the competition coefficient between path i and path j, i represents the number of the power supply path, j represents the number of other paths related to path i, b j represents the state variable of path j; Close the key switches on the optimal path according to the calculation results to reduce conflicts between paths; The power supply restoration module connected to the path control module is used to gradually restore the normal power supply of key equipment and the plant power system; The communication module connected to the optimization module, load management module, path control module and power supply recovery module is used for data interaction and synchronization between modules to ensure coordinated operation of the system.

2. The emergency recovery system for power outage in a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The load management module receives the instruction of the optimization module, and disconnects the non-critical load circuit to reduce the burden of the power system, including: Calculate the current occupancy ratio of each non-critical load and gradually reduce the non-critical load. The specific formula is: ； Among them, B t represents the load occupancy ratio at time t, B0 represents the initial load occupancy ratio, p represents the load reduction coefficient, and t represents time; Disconnect non-critical loads according to the curtailment results.

3. The emergency recovery system for power outage in a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply recovery module gradually recovers the normal power supply of key equipment and the factory power system, including: Determine the maximum load and recovery rate, calculate the restored load, and gradually restore power supply. The specific formula is: ; Where U(t) represents the recovery load at time t, U max represents the maximum recovery load, r represents the load recovery rate, t represents time, t0 represents the recovery center time point, and e represents the base of the natural logarithm; Monitor the load recovery progress in real time, dynamically adjust the load recovery rate and recovery center time point according to demand, and gradually restore non-critical loads after key equipment is restored until the factory power system operates normally.

4. The emergency recovery system for power outage in a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication module is used for data interaction and synchronization between modules to ensure coordinated operation of the system including: Set the base frequency of the communication module, assign a harmonic-based synchronization frequency to all modules, and check the communication frequency between modules according to the module synchronization frequency. The specific formula is: f n =f1×n; Among them, f n Indicates the synchronization frequency of the nth module, f1 indicates the base frequency, and n indicates the module number; When data conflicts or delays occur, the modules are resynchronized by adjusting the baseband frequency to ensure frequency consistency of data interaction.

5. The emergency recovery system for power outage in a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The path control module closes the competition relationship coefficient a between path i and path j in the key switch on the predetermined optimal path according to the optimization result of the optimization module. ij The calculation formula is: ; Among them, a ij represents the competition coefficient between path i and path j, S ij represents the load capacity of the shared resources between paths i and j, C i represents the total capacity of path i, C j represents the total capacity of path j.

6. The emergency recovery system for power outage in a hydropower station according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power supply recovery module gradually restores the normal power supply of key equipment and the factory power system. The calculation formula of the load recovery rate r is: r = k × E / T; Among them, r represents the load recovery rate, k represents the adjustment coefficient, E represents the current total load, and T represents the recovery time period.

7. The emergency recovery system for power outage in a hydropower station according to claim 3, characterized in that: The calculation formula for the power supply restoration module to gradually restore the normal power supply of key equipment and the factory power system to the central time point t0 is: ; Among them, t0 represents the time point of restoring the center, It represents the start time of the recovery task, and Δt represents the time span of the entire recovery process.

8. The emergency recovery system for power outage in a hydropower station according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power supply recovery module gradually restores the normal power supply of key equipment and the factory power system. max The calculation formula is: ; Among them, U max Indicates the maximum recovery load. Indicates the maximum load of the zth device, z indicates the number of the device that needs to be restored, and y indicates the total number of devices or areas that need to be restored.

9. The emergency recovery system for power outage in a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The path control module closes key switches on a predetermined optimal path according to the optimization result of the optimization module. The key switches include a substation main switch, a load protection switch, a backup power supply switch, a regional isolation switch and a regulator switch.

10. The emergency recovery system for power outage in a hydropower station according to claim 9, characterized in that: The load protection switch gives priority to protecting key load equipment during the recovery process to prevent damage caused by overload or short circuit.

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