Miniature energy collection system

Abstract

The invention discloses a miniature energy collection system which comprises an environment energy collection unit, an energy storage unit and an electric energy collection and management unit. The environment energy collection unit comprises a solar energy collection module, a wind energy collection module, a vibration energy collection module and a wireless electric energy collection module, the solar energy collection module is used for converting light energy into electric energy, the wind energy collection module is used for converting wind energy into electric energy, and the vibration energy collection module is used for capturing mechanical vibration in the environment and converting the mechanical vibration into electric energy; the wireless electric energy acquisition module is used for collecting electromagnetic wave energy in the environment and realizing energy conversion; and the electric energy collection and management unit is used for receiving electric energy generated by different environment energy sources and dynamically regulating and controlling the energy storage unit and the load by using the electric energy generated by the different environment energy sources. Four different types of energy sources are integrated at the same time, energy distribution can be dynamically adjusted according to load requirements, and therefore it is guaranteed that the system achieves efficient, stable and sustainable energy output within a long time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of power supply equipment for field monitoring stations, and in particular to a micro energy collection system. Background Art

[0002] In actual use, some monitoring stations need to be installed in mountainous or grassland areas tens or even hundreds of kilometers away from the power grid to perform long-term environmental data collection and wireless data transmission tasks. These monitoring stations not only face working scenarios without power grid coverage, complex meteorological conditions, and changing environmental factors, but also need to operate continuously for a long time, uninterruptedly provide power for a variety of low-power sensors, wireless communication modules and edge computing units, and periodically transmit monitoring data to the background server via wireless signals. However, since these monitoring stations are far away from the power grid, traditional power supply methods, such as relying solely on batteries or a single form of solar panels, often cannot meet the long-term, continuous and stable power supply needs. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the background technology, the present invention proposes a micro energy collection system.

[0004] A micro energy collection system proposed in the present invention comprises: an environmental energy collection unit, an energy storage unit and an electric energy collection and management unit;

[0005] The environmental energy collection unit includes a solar energy collection module, a wind energy collection module, a vibration energy collection module and a wireless energy collection module. The solar energy collection module is used to convert light energy into electrical energy. The wind energy collection module is used to convert wind energy into electrical energy. The vibration energy collection module is used to capture mechanical vibrations in the environment and convert them into electrical energy. The wireless energy collection module is used to collect electromagnetic wave energy in the environment and realize energy conversion.

[0006] The electric energy collection and management unit is used to receive electric energy generated by energy sources in different environments, and dynamically regulate the energy storage unit and the load using the electric energy generated by energy sources in different environments.

[0007] Preferably, the energy storage unit and the load are dynamically regulated by the electric energy generated by different environmental energy sources, specifically including:

[0008] When there is surplus electric energy generated by different environmental energy sources, the electric energy generated by different environmental energy sources is used to power the load, and the surplus electric energy is stored in the energy storage unit;

[0009] When the electric energy generated by the different environmental energy sources is insufficient, the electric energy generated by the different environmental energy sources is stored in an energy storage unit, and the electric energy in the energy storage unit is used to power the load.

[0010] Preferably, the electric energy collection and management unit includes an electric energy management module, a multi-power parallel current output module, a real-time output current and voltage detection module, a coulomb meter, an environmental energy and voltage detection module, and a load power consumption acquisition module; wherein the real-time output current and voltage detection module is used to detect the current and voltage output by the multi-power parallel current output module;

[0011] The coulomb meter is used to monitor the charge status of the energy storage unit;

[0012] The environmental energy voltage detection module is used to monitor the voltage, current and power curves output by each module in the environmental energy collection unit respectively;

[0013] A load power consumption acquisition module is used to obtain the instantaneous power consumption and trend of the load;

[0014] The power management module is used to control the power generated by different environmental energy sources received by the multi-power parallel current output module according to the voltage, current and power curves output by each module in the environmental energy collection unit, the power status of the energy storage unit and the instantaneous power consumption and trend of the load, and dynamically regulate the energy storage unit and the load with the power generated by different environmental energy sources.

[0015] Preferably, a power consumption prediction model is preset in the load power consumption acquisition module, which is used to predict the load power consumption in the next period according to the power consumption prediction model and the historical power consumption data of the load.

[0016] Preferably, it also includes an environmental monitoring unit, which is used to collect environmental parameters; wherein the environmental parameters include light intensity, wind force, vibration and wireless radio frequency energy;

[0017] The power management module is used to control the power generated by different environmental energy sources received by the multi-power parallel current output module according to the environmental parameters, the voltage, current and power curves output by each module in the environmental energy collection unit, the power status of the energy storage unit and the instantaneous power consumption and trend of the load, and dynamically regulate the energy storage unit and the load with the power generated by different environmental energy sources.

[0018] Preferably, in the dynamic control process, the power management module is used to divide a natural day into four time periods, and determine the environmental conditions, load requirements and regulation strategies of each time period according to the environmental parameters, the voltage, current and power curves output by each module in the environmental energy collection unit, the power state of the energy storage unit and the instantaneous power consumption and trend of the load;

[0019] According to the environmental conditions, load requirements and regulation strategies of each time period, the electric energy generated by different environmental energy sources received by the multi-power parallel current output module is controlled, and the electric energy generated by different environmental energy sources is dynamically adjusted to the energy storage unit and the load.

[0020] Preferably, it also includes a wireless data transmission module, which is communicatively connected with the power management module.

[0021] Preferably, the energy storage unit is a double-layer energy storage structure combining a supercapacitor and a lithium iron phosphate battery.

[0022] Preferably, the output ends of the solar energy collection module, the wind energy collection module, the vibration energy collection module and the wireless energy collection module are all configured with an AC-DC conversion circuit and a voltage stabilizer.

[0023] In the present invention, the proposed micro energy harvesting system integrates four different types of energy sources at the same time, and each energy harvesting module can work independently or collaboratively, and can dynamically adjust energy distribution according to load demand, thereby ensuring that the system can achieve efficient, stable and sustainable energy output in the long term; moreover, the present invention supports flexible configuration and expansion through modular design, which is convenient for maintenance and upgrading. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a micro energy harvesting system proposed in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0026] Reference Figure 1 , a micro energy collection system proposed by the present invention includes: an environmental energy collection unit, an energy storage unit and an electric energy collection and management unit;

[0027] The environmental energy collection unit includes a solar energy collection module, a wind energy collection module, a vibration energy collection module and a wireless energy collection module. The energy storage unit, the solar energy collection module, the wind energy collection module, the vibration energy collection module and the wireless energy collection module are electrically connected to the electric energy collection and management unit respectively. The electric energy collection and management unit is used to be electrically connected to the load.

[0028] Among them, the solar energy collection module is used to convert light energy into electrical energy, the wind energy collection module is used to convert wind energy into electrical energy, the vibration energy collection module is used to capture mechanical vibrations in the environment and convert them into electrical energy, and the wireless energy collection module is used to collect electromagnetic wave energy in the environment and realize energy conversion;

[0029] The electric energy collection and management unit is used to receive electric energy generated by energy sources in different environments, and dynamically regulate the energy storage unit and the load using the electric energy generated by energy sources in different environments.

[0030] The present invention integrates four different types of energy sources at the same time, and each energy collection module can work independently or collaboratively, and can dynamically adjust energy distribution according to load demand, thereby ensuring that the system achieves efficient, stable and sustainable energy output in the long term; moreover, the present invention supports flexible configuration and expansion through modular design, and is easy to maintain and upgrade.

[0031] In order to dynamically adjust energy distribution according to load demand, in this embodiment, the electric energy generated by different environmental energy sources is dynamically regulated for energy storage units and loads, specifically including:

[0032] When there is surplus electric energy generated by different environmental energy sources, the electric energy generated by different environmental energy sources is used to power the load, and the surplus electric energy is stored in the energy storage unit;

[0033] When the electric energy generated by the different environmental energy sources is insufficient, the electric energy generated by the different environmental energy sources is stored in an energy storage unit, and the electric energy in the energy storage unit is used to power the load.

[0034] For example, the present invention can reduce the discharge frequency of the energy storage unit when the communication interval of the monitoring station is long and the power consumption is low; when the load demand increases (such as the weather station transmitting a large amount of data), the system will prepare in advance to prioritize uninterrupted power supply to the load by increasing the working point of the external energy source (such as adjusting the MPPT strategy) or appropriately reducing the charging rate of the energy storage unit.

[0035] In order to dynamically adjust energy distribution according to load demand, thereby ensuring that the system achieves efficient, stable and sustainable energy output in the long term, in this embodiment, the power collection and management unit includes a power management module, a multi-power parallel current output module, a real-time output current and voltage detection module, a coulomb meter, an environmental energy voltage detection module, and a load power consumption acquisition module; wherein the real-time output current and voltage detection module is used to detect the current and current output by the multi-power parallel current output module;

[0036] The coulomb meter is used to monitor the charge status of the energy storage unit;

[0037] The environmental energy voltage detection module is used to monitor the voltage, current and power curves output by each module in the environmental energy collection unit respectively;

[0038] A load power consumption acquisition module is used to obtain the instantaneous power consumption and trend of the load;

[0039] The power management module is used to control the power generated by different environmental energy sources received by the multi-power parallel current output module according to the voltage, current and power curves output by each module in the environmental energy collection unit, the power status of the energy storage unit and the instantaneous power consumption and trend of the load, and dynamically regulate the energy storage unit and the load with the power generated by different environmental energy sources.

[0040] Specifically, the input end of the multi-power parallel current output module is respectively connected to the energy storage unit, solar energy collection module, wind energy collection module, vibration energy collection module and wireless energy collection module for power supply, the output end of the multi-power parallel current output module is respectively connected to the energy storage unit and the load power supply, and the multi-power parallel current output module, the real-time output current and voltage detection module, the coulomb meter, the environmental energy voltage detection module and the load power consumption acquisition module are respectively communicated with the power management module.

[0041] Specifically, the multi-power parallel current output module includes multiple input channels and output channels;

[0042] The input channels are electrically connected to the output ends of the energy storage unit, the solar energy collection module, the wind energy collection module, the vibration energy collection module and the wireless energy collection module through the power conversion interface, and each input channel is provided with an independent current control switch and a current detection circuit; the power conversion interface includes: a DC-DC conversion circuit for voltage matching, a diode protection circuit for preventing reverse current, a filter capacitor for suppressing voltage fluctuations and a soft start circuit for limiting surge current;

[0043] The output channels are electrically connected to the charging interface of the energy storage unit and the power supply interface of the load through the power distribution bus, and each output channel is equipped with an overcurrent protection circuit and a voltage regulator; the power distribution bus includes: a parallel current sharing circuit for current balance distribution, a clamping circuit for overvoltage protection, an LC filter network for voltage stability, and an electronic switch circuit for quickly disconnecting the load;

[0044] The control end of the multi-power parallel current output module, the real-time output current and voltage detection module, the coulomb meter, the ambient energy voltage detection module, and the load power consumption acquisition module are all connected to the power management module in a two-way communication manner through a digital communication bus to achieve real-time data interaction and control command transmission; among them, the digital communication bus adopts an isolated RS485 interface, which has the characteristics of strong anti-interference ability and long transmission distance.

[0045] The load power consumption acquisition module is used to predict the power demand in the next period based on the historical power consumption data of the load.

[0046] In a further embodiment, an environmental monitoring unit is further included, and the environmental monitoring unit is used to collect environmental parameters; wherein the environmental parameters include light intensity, wind force, vibration and wireless radio frequency energy;

[0047] The power management module is used to control the power generated by different environmental energy sources received by the multi-power parallel current output module according to the environmental parameters, the voltage, current and power curves output by each module in the environmental energy collection unit, the power status of the energy storage unit and the instantaneous power consumption and trend of the load, and dynamically regulate the energy storage unit and the load with the power generated by different environmental energy sources.

[0048] This embodiment can fully utilize the current optimal energy source and pre-adjust according to environmental conditions and expected load changes, thereby ensuring that the system achieves efficient, stable and sustainable energy output in the long term.

[0049] In a further embodiment, the power management module is used to control the power generated by different environmental energy sources received by the multi-power parallel current output module according to the environmental parameters, the voltage, current and power curves output by each module in the environmental energy collection unit, the power state of the energy storage unit and the instantaneous power consumption and trend of the load, and dynamically regulate the energy storage unit and the load with the power generated by different environmental energy sources, specifically including:

[0050] The power management module is used to divide a natural day into four time periods, and determine the environmental conditions, load requirements and regulation strategies for each time period based on environmental parameters, voltage, current and power curves output by each module in the environmental energy collection unit, the power state of the energy storage unit and the instantaneous power consumption and trend of the load;

[0051] According to the environmental conditions, load requirements and regulation strategies of each time period, the electric energy generated by different environmental energy sources received by the multi-power parallel current output module is controlled, and the electric energy generated by different environmental energy sources is dynamically adjusted to the energy storage unit and the load.

[0052] Among them, the four time periods are early morning, early morning, noon, and evening and night.

[0053] For example, in the early morning hours, due to the lack of sunlight and generally weak wind, the entire detection station is in standby mode. The environmental conditions during this period are generally close to 0 solar input, extremely low wind, medium radio energy field strength (from surrounding base stations), and little vibration. The load demand during this period is: most of the sensors in the monitoring station are dormant and only wake up periodically to record data. At the same time, during this period, the power management module detects that the solar energy collection module and the wind energy collection module have basically no output, but there is still a small amount of vibration and wireless radio frequency energy input. Therefore, the regulation strategy for this period is: mainly rely on lithium iron phosphate batteries to provide low-power standby power, while a small amount of radio energy and vibration energy input will be slowly stored in supercapacitors or directly trickle-charged to the battery.

[0054] For example, in the early morning, as the sun rises and the light intensity gradually increases, the environmental conditions during this period are generally: the output of the solar module begins to increase, but the wind is still not strong. The radio energy is still weak.

[0055] Because early morning data is important for environmental research, and generally half an hour after collecting early morning data, the data is sent to the background. Therefore, the load demand during this period is generally: the sensor starts to encrypt sampling. The adjustment strategy for this period is: when the power management module detects the output rise of the solar energy collection module, it immediately adjusts the MPPT control strategy of the solar energy collection module to the maximum output point, so that the solar energy collection module can play the maximum efficiency under limited light. At this time, the power management module controls the multi-channel power supply parallel current output module to give priority to using the power output of the solar energy collection module to supply power to the load in real time, and stores part of the energy in the supercapacitor to cope with the upcoming high-power data transmission task.

[0056] For example, during the noon period, if the sun is strong and there is occasional wind, the environmental conditions during this period are generally: sufficient solar energy, moderate wind, the vibration of the environment is slightly enhanced due to wild animals or mechanical operations, and the wireless power is stable. The load demand during this period is: sensors and cameras need high-frequency data acquisition, and the image data is processed and transmitted through a long-distance wireless link, and the power consumption peak occurs. The regulation strategy during this period is: make full use of solar energy and wind energy, and monitor the power consumption of the load end at the same time; when the current of the detected load surges instantly, the power management module immediately instructs the supercapacitor to output current to alleviate the instantaneous peak; at the same time, give priority to the use of external energy (solar energy, wind energy) to avoid excessive consumption of battery resources, and the excess energy continues to charge the battery for storage at night.

[0057] For example, in the evening and night, the environmental conditions are generally: solar energy gradually disappears, wind may increase (mountain wind habits, wind speed may increase at night), and the wireless power source is still stable but the power is not high. The load demand during this period is generally: according to the preset application strategy, the sensing frequency is reduced at night, and only low power consumption operation needs to be maintained intermittently. The adjustment strategy during this period is generally: since the power management module has fully charged the battery before the sun sets, when night comes, if the wind increases, the power management module controls the multi-channel power parallel current output module to preferentially use the power of the wind energy module to partially replace the battery output to supply the load; when the wind weakens, the power management module controls the multi-channel power parallel current output module to use the energy storage unit as the power supply unit; if there is occasional environmental vibration at night (such as animal activities, vehicles passing), the vibration energy collection module captures the vibration energy and uses it to supplement the supercapacitor; when the radio field is relatively stable, the wireless power collection module converts low-power RF energy and continuously provides trickle supply to the battery.

[0058] Specifically, a prediction model is preset in the power management module, and the environmental conditions, load demands and regulation strategies for each time period are determined based on the prediction model, environmental parameters, the voltage, current and power curves output by each module in the environmental energy collection unit, the power status of the energy storage unit and the instantaneous power consumption and trend of the load.

[0059] In this embodiment, the energy storage unit is a double-layer energy storage structure that combines a supercapacitor and a lithium iron phosphate battery. This embodiment uses a supercapacitor as a fast energy storage unit, which can quickly respond to sudden high-power load demands in the system; the lithium iron phosphate battery is used as a long-term energy storage unit to provide a continuous and stable backup power supply guarantee for the system. The design of this double-layer energy storage structure greatly improves the power supply reliability and flexibility of the system.

[0060] In this embodiment, a wireless data transmission module is also included, and the wireless data transmission module is communicatively connected with the power management module.

[0061] In specific implementation, the power management module transmits the collected information to the wireless data transmission module, and the wireless data transmission module is used to transmit the received information to a remote server, a cloud platform or a mobile client. Therefore, this embodiment realizes the functions of remote monitoring of the system operation status, real-time collection of the working parameters of each module, remote configuration control of the system, and analysis of operation data through the wireless data transmission module. Through the wireless transmission module, system managers can grasp the system operation status at any time, adjust the operation parameters in time, and optimize the system performance.

[0062] In this embodiment, the output ends of the solar energy collection module, wind energy collection module, vibration energy collection module and wireless energy collection module are all configured with AC-DC conversion circuits and voltage stabilizers to convert unstable alternating current into stable direct current output, providing a continuous and reliable power supply for the system.

[0063] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A micro energy harvesting system, characterized in that: include: Environmental energy collection unit, energy storage unit and electric energy collection and management unit; The environmental energy collection unit includes a solar energy collection module, a wind energy collection module, a vibration energy collection module and a wireless energy collection module. The solar energy collection module is used to convert light energy into electrical energy. The wind energy collection module is used to convert wind energy into electrical energy. The vibration energy collection module is used to capture mechanical vibrations in the environment and convert them into electrical energy. The wireless energy collection module is used to collect electromagnetic wave energy in the environment and realize energy conversion. The electric energy collection and management unit is used to receive electric energy generated by energy sources in different environments, and dynamically regulate the energy storage unit and the load using the electric energy generated by energy sources in different environments.

2. The micro energy harvesting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric energy generated by different environmental energy sources is used to dynamically regulate the energy storage unit and the load, including: When there is surplus electric energy generated by different environmental energy sources, the electric energy generated by different environmental energy sources is used to power the load, and the surplus electric energy is stored in the energy storage unit; When the electric energy generated by the different environmental energy sources is insufficient, the electric energy generated by the different environmental energy sources is stored in an energy storage unit, and the electric energy in the energy storage unit is used to power the load.

3. The micro energy harvesting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric energy collection and management unit includes an electric energy management module, a multi-power parallel current output module, a real-time output current and voltage detection module, a coulomb meter, an environmental energy and voltage detection module, and a load power consumption acquisition module; wherein the real-time output current and voltage detection module is used to detect the current and current output by the multi-power parallel current output module; The coulomb meter is used to monitor the charge status of the energy storage unit; The environmental energy voltage detection module is used to monitor the voltage, current and power curves output by each module in the environmental energy collection unit respectively; A load power consumption acquisition module is used to obtain the instantaneous power consumption and trend of the load; The power management module is used to control the power generated by different environmental energy sources received by the multi-power parallel current output module according to the voltage, current and power curves output by each module in the environmental energy collection unit, the power status of the energy storage unit and the instantaneous power consumption and trend of the load, and dynamically regulate the energy storage unit and the load with the power generated by different environmental energy sources.

4. The micro energy harvesting system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A power consumption prediction model is preset in the load power consumption acquisition module, which is used to predict the load power consumption in the next period according to the power consumption prediction model and the historical power consumption data of the load.

5. The micro energy harvesting system according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes an environmental monitoring unit, which is used to collect environmental parameters; wherein the environmental parameters include light intensity, wind force, vibration and wireless radio frequency energy; The power management module is used to control the power generated by different environmental energy sources received by the multi-power parallel current output module according to the environmental parameters, the voltage, current and power curves output by each module in the environmental energy collection unit, the power status of the energy storage unit and the instantaneous power consumption and trend of the load, and dynamically regulate the energy storage unit and the load with the power generated by different environmental energy sources.

6. The micro energy harvesting system according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the dynamic control process, the power management module is used to divide a natural day into four time periods, and determine the environmental conditions, load requirements and regulation strategies for each time period based on environmental parameters, voltage, current and power curves output by each module in the environmental energy collection unit, the power state of the energy storage unit and the instantaneous power consumption and trend of the load; According to the environmental conditions, load requirements and regulation strategies of each time period, the electric energy generated by different environmental energy sources received by the multi-power parallel current output module is controlled, and the electric energy generated by different environmental energy sources is dynamically adjusted to the energy storage unit and the load.

7. The micro energy harvesting system according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a wireless data transmission module, which is communicatively connected with the power management module.

8. The micro energy harvesting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage unit is a double-layer energy storage structure that combines supercapacitors and lithium iron phosphate batteries.

9. The micro energy harvesting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output ends of the solar energy collection module, the wind energy collection module, the vibration energy collection module and the wireless energy collection module are all configured with AC-DC conversion circuits and voltage stabilizers.

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