Motor, motor rotor and manufacturing method of motor end ring based on friction stir deposition additive process

Abstract

The invention provides a motor, a motor rotor and a method for manufacturing a motor end ring based on a friction stir deposition additive process, and the motor rotor comprises a rotating shaft, a pressing plate, an end ring, a guide bar, and a rotor iron core. The rotor iron core is sleeved on the rotating shaft, the conducting bar is inserted in the rotor iron core, the pressing plate is installed on the end face of the rotor iron core, the pressing plate is provided with a through hole, the end portion of the conducting bar penetrates through the through hole, the end face of the conducting bar and the back face of the pressing plate are integrally provided with an end ring, and the end ring is manufactured through friction stir deposition additive manufacturing. The end rings are formed by stacking deposition layers manufactured by friction stir deposition additive materials on the end faces of the guide strips and the back faces of the pressing plates through metal bars, metallurgical bonding can be achieved between the end rings and the guide strips, and reliable connection between the end rings and the guide strips is achieved. In addition, the end ring adopts a friction stir deposition additive manufacturing mode and has the characteristics of high production efficiency, short process period and the like, and the prepared end ring is small in machining amount, low in production cost and easy to realize large-scale automatic production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of motor technology, and in particular to a motor, a motor rotor, and a method for manufacturing a motor end ring based on a friction stir deposition additive process. Background Art

[0002] In the motor manufacturing industry, there are two main methods for welding the end ring and the guide bar of the motor rotor: one is manual gas welding, and the welding materials are HL204 or HL303 and other materials with good conductivity; the other is medium frequency induction brazing, and the welding materials are also HL204 or HL303 and other materials with good conductivity. From the current brazing of the motor rotor end ring and the guide bar, some micro cracks or small pores often appear in the weld, and the tensile strength of the weld is only about 60% of the copper and copper alloy parent materials. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a motor, a motor rotor and a method for manufacturing a motor end ring based on a friction stir deposition additive process, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that the welding quality between the end ring and the guide bar is difficult to meet the requirements.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a motor end ring based on a friction stir deposition additive process, comprising: Assemble the shaft, pressure plate, guide bars and rotor core; The shaft shoulder is arranged above the back side of the pressing plate, and the metal rod is passed through the shaft shoulder and abutted against the back side of the pressing plate; The shoulder and the metal rod are driven so that the metal rod stirs and frictionally deposits additive material on the end surface of the guide bar and the back surface of the pressing plate to form an end ring, wherein the end ring includes at least one deposition layer.

[0005] According to a method for manufacturing a motor end ring based on a stir friction deposition additive process provided by the present invention, the metal rod is passed through the shaft shoulder and abutted against the back side of the pressing plate, comprising: A pressure is applied to the metal bar along the axial direction of the metal bar, wherein the pressure is 10-40 kN.

[0006] According to a method for manufacturing a motor end ring based on a friction stir deposition additive process provided by the present invention, the driving of the metal rod comprises: The metal bar is driven to rotate along the central axis of the metal bar, the metal bar moves relative to the pressing plate along the circumferential direction of the pressing plate, and the metal bar approaches the back side of the pressing plate.

[0007] According to a method for manufacturing a motor end ring based on a stir friction deposition additive process provided by the present invention, the rotation speed of the metal bar is 300~1000r / min, the moving speed of the metal bar is 100~600mm / min, and the feeding speed of the metal bar is 0.5~2.5mm / s.

[0008] According to a method for manufacturing a motor end ring based on a friction stir deposition additive process provided by the present invention, the driving of the shaft shoulder comprises: The shaft shoulder and the metal bar are driven to rotate synchronously, the shaft shoulder and the metal bar are driven to move synchronously, and the shaft shoulder is driven to move away from the back side of the pressing plate.

[0009] According to a method for manufacturing a motor end ring based on a friction stir deposition additive process provided by the present invention, the shaft shoulder is arranged above the back side of the pressing plate, comprising: The distance between the end surface where the outlet of the shoulder is located and the back surface of the pressing plate is 0.5-4 mm.

[0010] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a motor rotor, comprising: a rotating shaft, a pressure plate, an end ring, a guide bar and a rotor core; The rotor core is sleeved on the rotating shaft, the guide bar is inserted in the rotor core, the pressure plate is installed on the end surface of the rotor core, the pressure plate is provided with a through hole, the end of the guide bar is passed through the through hole, and the end surface of the guide bar and the back side of the pressure plate are integrally provided with the end ring, wherein the end ring is made by the above-mentioned method for making motor end rings based on stir friction deposition additive process.

[0011] According to a motor rotor provided by the present invention, the end surface of the guide bar is arranged flush with the back surface of the pressure plate.

[0012] According to a motor rotor provided by the present invention, the height of the end ring is 15-25 mm.

[0013] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a motor, comprising the motor rotor described above.

[0014] The motor, motor rotor and method for manufacturing a motor end ring based on a stir friction deposition additive process provided by the present invention are characterized in that the end ring is formed by stacking deposition layers manufactured by stir friction deposition additive manufacturing of metal bars on the end faces of guide bars and the back sides of pressure plates. The deposition layers have a dense structure and are free of defects such as holes, cracks and inclusions. The end ring and the guide bar can achieve metallurgical bonding, and a reliable connection can be achieved between the end ring and the guide bar, which can solve the problem of unreliable connection between the existing end ring and the guide bar. In addition, the end ring is manufactured by a stir friction deposition additive manufacturing method, which has the characteristics of high production efficiency and short process cycle, and the prepared end ring has less machining volume, low production cost, and is easy to realize large-scale automated production, which can solve the problems of long process cycle and low finished product efficiency of the existing end ring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the motor rotor provided by the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the guide bar and the end ring provided by the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the metal rod provided by the present invention generating a deposition layer through stirring friction.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing a motor end ring based on a friction stir deposition additive process provided by the present invention.

[0020] Reference numerals: 1. Rotor core; 2. Rotating shaft; 3. Guide bar; 4. Pressure plate; 5. End ring; 6. Metal bar; 7. Shoulder; 8. Deposition layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] With the continuous development of rail transportation, trains are gradually moving towards high speed, and the requirements for their power systems are also increasing. As one of the most important core components in the power system, the performance of the motor directly determines the maximum speed of the train. In particular, the performance of the bars and end rings on the motor rotor and their reliable connection are the key to ensuring the stable operation of the motor at high speed.

[0023] In the existing motor rotor guide bar and end ring structure, the inner end face of the end ring is processed with a groove to accommodate one end of the guide bar, and then the guide bar and the end ring are connected by brazing or other welding methods. However, this requires that the bottom of the end ring groove and the end face of the guide bar have a good plane fit, otherwise it is very easy to cause welding defects or weak connections after welding, causing damage to the motor when the motor runs for a long time, causing accidents. In addition, a motor rotor needs to have more than a dozen or even more guide bars and end rings welded, and the brazing heating time is long, and the overall process is time-consuming.

[0024] In order to solve the above problems, Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the motor rotor of the embodiment of the present invention includes: a rotating shaft 2, a pressure plate 4, an end ring 5, a guide bar 3 and a rotor core 1.

[0025] The rotor core 1 is mounted on the rotating shaft 2, the guide bar 3 is inserted in the rotor core 1, the pressure plate 4 is installed on the end surface of the rotor core 1, the pressure plate 4 is provided with a through hole, the end of the guide bar 3 is inserted into the through hole, and the end surface of the guide bar 3 and the back of the pressure plate 4 are integrally provided with an end ring 5, wherein the end ring 5 is made by stir friction deposition additive manufacturing. It should be noted that the back of the pressure plate 4 refers to the side of the pressure plate 4 away from the rotor core 1.

[0026] Specifically, the pressure plate 4 is made of copper or copper alloy, and there can be two pressure plates 4 , so that one pressure plate 4 is fixedly installed on the first end surface of the rotor core 1 , and the other pressure plate 4 is fixedly installed on the second end surface of the rotor core 1 .

[0027] The following is an example of the installation of the conductor bar 3 and one of the pressure plates 4. The pressure plate 4 is provided with a through hole adapted to the conductor bar 3, the first end of the conductor bar 3 is inserted into the through hole, and the first end face of the conductor bar 3 is flush with the back of the pressure plate 4, so that the conductor bar 3, the pressure plate 4 and the rotor core 1 can be fixed. Then, the end ring 5 is manufactured by friction stirring deposition of a metal rod 6 on the first end face of the conductor bar 3 and the back of the pressure plate 4, so that the first end face of the conductor bar 3 and the back of the pressure plate 4 are integrally provided with the end ring 5.

[0028] It is particularly important to point out that the manufacturing process of the motor end ring based on the friction stir deposition additive process is as follows: Assemble the rotating shaft 2, the pressing plate 4, the guide bars 3 and the rotor core 1; The shaft shoulder 7 is arranged above the back side of the pressing plate 4, and the metal rod 6 is passed through the shaft shoulder 7 and abuts against the back side of the pressing plate 4; The drive shoulder 7 and the metal rod 6 are driven so that the metal rod 6 is subjected to friction stirring deposition of additives on the end surface of the guide bar 3 and the back surface of the pressing plate 4 to form an end ring 5, wherein the end ring 5 includes at least one deposition layer 8. In other words, the end ring 5 includes multiple deposition layers 8, and illustratively, the height of the end ring 5 is 15-25 mm.

[0029] It should be noted that the metal rod 6 is made of copper or copper alloy, the metal rod 6 can be a rectangular rod, and the size of the metal rod 6 can be 10×10 mm to 15×15 mm. In addition, by providing a shoulder 7 on the outer periphery of the metal rod 6, the metal rod 6 can be prevented from rolling up during the stir friction process.

[0030] In actual applications, the end ring 5 is formed by stacking the deposition layers 8 manufactured by stir friction deposition additive manufacturing of the metal rod 6 on the end face of the guide bar 3 and the back side of the pressure plate 4. The deposition layer 8 has a dense structure, is free of defects such as holes, cracks and inclusions, and can achieve metallurgical bonding between the end ring 5 and the guide bar 3. The end ring 5 and the guide bar 3 can be reliably connected, which can solve the problem of unreliable connection between the existing end ring 5 and the guide bar 3. In addition, the end ring 5 adopts the manufacturing method of stir friction deposition additive manufacturing, which has the characteristics of high production efficiency and short process cycle. The prepared end ring 5 has less machining amount, low production cost, and is easy to realize large-scale automated production, which can solve the problems of long process cycle and low finished product efficiency of the existing end ring 5.

[0031] like Figure 4 As shown, the method for manufacturing a motor end ring based on a stir friction deposition additive process according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: S100 , assembling the rotating shaft 2 , the pressing plate 4 , the guide bars 3 and the rotor core 1 .

[0032] Among them, the rotor core 1 is mounted on the rotating shaft 2, the guide bar 3 is inserted into the rotor core 1, the pressure plate 4 is installed on the end surface of the rotor core 1, the pressure plate 4 is provided with a through hole, the end of the guide bar 3 is passed through the through hole, and the end surface of the guide bar 3 is flush with the back surface of the pressure plate 4. In this way, the guide bar 3, the pressure plate 4 and the rotor core 1 can be fixed.

[0033] It should be noted that after assembly, the end faces of the guide bars 3 and the back faces of the pressing plates 4 are cleaned to remove oxides thereon, and the metal bars 6 are cleaned to remove oxides thereon.

[0034] S200 , the shoulder 7 is arranged above the back side of the pressing plate 4 , and the metal rod 6 is passed through the shoulder 7 and abutted against the back side of the pressing plate 4 .

[0035] Specifically, there is a gap between the shoulder 7 and the back of the pressing plate 4. For example, the distance between the end face where the outlet of the shoulder 7 is located and the back of the pressing plate 4 is 0.5-4 mm. For example, the distance between the end face where the outlet of the shoulder 7 is located and the back of the pressing plate 4 is 0.5 mm, 2 mm or 4 mm. After the metal bar 6 is passed through the shoulder 7 and abuts against the back of the pressing plate 4, a pressure is applied to the metal bar 6 along the axial direction of the metal bar 6, wherein the pressure is 10-40 kN. The axial pressure helps to control the friction force, and thus the deposition effect.

[0036] S300 , driving the shaft shoulder 7 and the metal rod 6 so that the metal rod 6 stirs and frictionally deposits additives on the end surface of the guide bar 3 and the back surface of the pressing plate 4 to form an end ring 5 , wherein the end ring 5 includes at least one deposition layer 8 .

[0037] It should be noted that the process of stir friction deposition additive manufacturing of the end ring 5 is carried out under a protective atmosphere. The protective gas can be argon, nitrogen or any gas that prevents oxidation of copper and copper alloys, and is not specifically limited here.

[0038] Exemplarily, argon protective gas is introduced, and the metal rod 6 generates friction with the end face of the guide bar 3 and the back side of the pressure plate 4 through high-speed rotation, so that the metal rod 6 at the contact interface is heated and plasticized, and then spreads on the end face of the guide bar 3 and the back side of the pressure plate 4 to obtain a single-pass deposition layer 8. With multi-layer and multi-pass deposition, an end ring 5 with a deposition height of 20 mm is finally obtained.

[0039] Specifically, the metal bar 6 generates friction with the end face of the guide bar 3 and the back of the pressing plate 4 through high-speed rotation, so that the metal bar 6 at the contact interface is heated and plasticized, and then spreads on the end face of the guide bar 3 and the back of the pressing plate 4, which is the deposition layer 8. In this way, the deposition layer 8 is metallurgically bonded with the end face of the guide bar 3 and the back of the pressing plate 4. Moreover, the deposition position can be more accurately controlled by the moving path of the metal bar 6, and the deposition height can be controlled by the number of depositions, and finally the integral manufacturing of the end ring 5 is realized, thereby realizing a reliable connection between the end ring 5 and the guide bar 3.

[0040] The method for manufacturing the motor end ring based on the stir friction deposition additive process in the embodiment of the present invention does not require cumbersome pretreatment steps, can achieve reliable connection between the guide bar 3 and the end ring 5, and the prepared end ring 5 requires less machining allowance in the subsequent process, thereby avoiding waste of materials. In addition, the end ring 5 can be completed automatically to form an automated production line, which has the characteristics of high efficiency, short process cycle and low cost.

[0041] The method for manufacturing a motor end ring based on a friction stir deposition additive process according to an embodiment of the present invention further includes: S400, machining. For example, mechanical equipment such as a milling machine, a lathe, a drilling machine, and a sawing machine are used to machine the manufactured motor end ring to remove excess material and obtain a motor end ring that meets the requirements.

[0042] In an optional embodiment, driving the metal bar 6 comprises: The metal bar 6 is driven to rotate along the central axis of the metal bar 6 , the metal bar 6 moves relative to the pressing plate 4 along the circumferential direction of the pressing plate 4 , and the metal bar 6 approaches the back side of the pressing plate 4 .

[0043] It should be noted that the metal bar 6 can rotate along its own central axis, make a circular motion along the circumferential direction of the pressing plate 4 , and move in a direction toward the back side of the pressing plate 4 .

[0044] In practical applications, the rotation speed of the metal bar 6 is 300-1000 r / min, the moving speed of the metal bar 6 is 100-600 mm / min, and the feeding speed of the metal bar 6 is 0.5-2.5 mm / s.

[0045] For example, the rotation speed of the metal bar 6 is 300 r / min, 500 r / min or 1000 r / min. The moving speed of the metal bar 6 is 100 mm / min, 300 mm / min or 600 mm / min. The feeding speed of the metal bar 6 is 0.5 mm / s, 1 mm / s or 2.5 mm / s.

[0046] In an optional embodiment, the drive shaft shoulder 7 comprises: The drive shaft shoulder 7 and the metal bar 6 rotate synchronously, the shaft shoulder 7 and the metal bar 6 move synchronously, and the shaft shoulder 7 moves away from the back side of the pressing plate 4.

[0047] The shaft shoulder 7 may be a hollow tubular structure, which can rotate along its own central axis, make circular motion along the circumferential direction of the pressure plate 4 , and move in a direction away from the back side of the pressure plate 4 .

[0048] In actual application, in the initial state, the shoulder 7 is set above the back side of the pressing plate 4, for example, the distance between the end face where the outlet of the shoulder 7 is located and the back side of the pressing plate 4 is 2 mm, the metal rod 6 is passed through the shoulder 7 and abutted against the back side of the pressing plate 4, and a pressure of 20 kN is applied to the metal rod 6 along the axial direction of the metal rod 6; the shoulder 7 and the metal rod 6 are driven to rotate and move synchronously, the rotation speed is 500 r / min, the movement speed is 300 mm / min, and the feeding speed of the metal rod 6 is controlled, the feeding speed is 1 mm / s, after the metal rod 6 is heated and plasticized, it spreads on the end face of the guide bar 3 and the back side of the pressing plate 4 to form a single-layer deposition layer 8, in the process of stirring friction deposition of the metal rod 6 to form a multi-layer deposition layer 8, it is necessary to adjust the distance between the end face where the outlet of the shoulder 7 is located and the back side of the pressing plate 4, so that the distance gradually increases, so as to finally complete the production of the end ring 5.

[0049] In addition, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a motor, comprising the motor rotor of the above embodiment.

[0050] Specifically, since the motor includes the motor rotor as described above, and the specific structure of the motor rotor refers to the above embodiment, the motor shown in this embodiment includes all the technical solutions of the above embodiment, and therefore has at least all the beneficial effects achieved by all the above technical solutions, which will not be repeated here one by one.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a motor end ring based on a friction stir deposition additive process, characterized in that: include: Assemble the shaft, pressure plate, guide bars and rotor core; The shaft shoulder is arranged above the back side of the pressing plate, and the metal rod is passed through the shaft shoulder and abutted against the back side of the pressing plate; The shoulder and the metal rod are driven so that the metal rod stirs and frictionally deposits additive material on the end surface of the guide bar and the back surface of the pressing plate to form an end ring, wherein the end ring includes at least one deposition layer.

2. The method for manufacturing a motor end ring based on a friction stir deposition additive process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of passing the metal bar through the shaft shoulder and abutting against the back side of the pressing plate comprises: A pressure is applied to the metal bar along the axial direction of the metal bar, wherein the pressure is 10-40 kN.

3. The method for manufacturing a motor end ring based on a friction stir deposition additive process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving of the metal bar comprises: The metal bar is driven to rotate along the central axis of the metal bar, the metal bar moves relative to the pressing plate along the circumferential direction of the pressing plate, and the metal bar approaches the back side of the pressing plate.

4. The method for manufacturing a motor end ring based on a friction stir deposition additive process according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotation speed of the metal bar is 300-1000 r / min, the moving speed of the metal bar is 100-600 mm / min, and the feeding speed of the metal bar is 0.5-2.5 mm / s.

5. The method for manufacturing a motor end ring based on a friction stir deposition additive process according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving shoulder comprises: The shaft shoulder and the metal bar are driven to rotate synchronously, the shaft shoulder and the metal bar are driven to move synchronously, and the shaft shoulder is driven to move away from the back side of the pressing plate.

6. The method for manufacturing a motor end ring based on a friction stir deposition additive process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shaft shoulder is arranged above the back side of the pressing plate, comprising: The distance between the end surface where the outlet of the shoulder is located and the back surface of the pressing plate is 0.5-4 mm.

7. A motor rotor, characterized in that: include: Rotating shaft, pressure plate, end ring, guide bar and rotor core; The rotor core is sleeved on the rotating shaft, the guide bar is inserted in the rotor core, the pressure plate is installed on the end face of the rotor core, the pressure plate is provided with a through hole, the end of the guide bar is passed through the through hole, the end face of the guide bar and the back side of the pressure plate are integrally provided with the end ring, wherein the end ring is made by the method for making a motor end ring based on a stir friction deposition additive process as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The motor rotor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The end surface of the guide bar is arranged flush with the back surface of the pressing plate.

9. The motor rotor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The height of the end ring is 15-25 mm.

10. A motor, characterized in that: A motor rotor comprising the motor rotor as claimed in any one of claims 7 to 9.

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