Drum-shaped friction nano-generator with integrated structure and application of drum-shaped friction nano-generator

Abstract

The invention discloses a reel-shaped friction nanometer generator with an integrated structure and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of nanometer new energy. A conductive material is adhered to a PET surface of an ITO / PET film, and a positive friction material is adhered to the other surface of the conductive material; a negative friction material is pasted on the ITO surface of the ITO / PET film; through a curling method, the multilayer reel-shaped friction nanometer generator with an integrated structure is formed. The manufactured reel-shaped friction nanometer generator has two working modes, namely a contact separation mode and a horizontal sliding mode, and at least five motion modes, including but not limited to a rolling mode, a twitching mode, a pressing mode and various mixing modes, and aims to improve the adaptability and flexibility of environmental energy collection. The drum-shaped friction generator with the integrated structure does not have creases after working for a long time, so that the phenomena of electrode breakage and the like are avoided, and the performance and the service life of the device are greatly improved; moreover, the sensor has multiple functions and high adaptability, so that the sensor has a wide prospect in energy collection and sensor application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of nano-new energy technology, and specifically relates to a rolled-up friction nanogenerator with an integrated structure and applications thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of multifunctional electronic products such as sensors, medical devices, and portable electronics, people are paying more and more attention to the development of sustainable energy harvesting devices. Mechanical energy is one of the most abundant resources in nature and can be generated by human body movement, vibration, etc. Generally, mechanical energy can be converted into electrical energy through piezoelectric, electromagnetic, and triboelectric effects.

[0003] Among them, the friction nanogenerator (TENG) based on the Maxwell displacement current principle has been proven to be an effective solution for collecting mechanical energy in the environment. TENG has the characteristics of simple structure, low production cost, good stability and high reliability. According to its different working modes, TENG is mainly divided into: contact separation mode, horizontal sliding mode, single electrode mode, independent layer mode. Based on the different working modes of friction nanogenerators, a variety of applications can be realized, such as self-powered sensors, human-computer interaction interfaces, human health monitoring and energy harvesting.

[0004] In the prior art, the energy conversion efficiency and output performance are significantly improved by optimizing the materials and ingenious structural design of TENG, such as diamond stacking structure, grating stacking structure, etc. However, most stacked friction generators will not only leave creases and even electrode fractures after repeated folding for a long time, which will inevitably affect the performance and life of the device. Moreover, the external circuit connection is complicated and lacks flexibility. In addition, even if the existing TENG has multiple working modes, its application range is limited due to its single movement form.

[0005] Therefore, developing a new TENG that is structurally integrated, crease-free, multi-mode, and multi-motion in order to achieve high adaptability and flexibility to the environment is an urgent issue to be addressed. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a rolled-up friction nanogenerator with an integrated structure and its application.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0008] A rolled friction nanogenerator with an integrated structure, comprising an ITO / PET film, a conductive material, a positive electrode friction material and a negative electrode friction material;

[0009] An ITO / PET film with good toughness is used as a supporting material and an electrode material; a layer of conductive material is attached to the PET side of the ITO / PET film, a layer of positive friction material is attached to the other side of the conductive material, and a layer of negative friction material is attached to the ITO side of the ITO / PET film. This multilayer film is rolled toward the positive friction material to form a rolled friction nanogenerator with an integrated structure in which the positive friction material is in the inner layer and the negative friction material is in the outer layer.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the positive electrode, negative electrode friction material, and conductive material are preferably nickel foil, copper foil, or aluminum foil, etc., the positive electrode friction material is polyoxymethylene, nylon, melamine, or paper, etc., and the negative electrode friction material is polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, or polyimide, etc. The positive electrode, negative electrode friction material, and conductive material are not limited to the above materials and can be selected according to actual needs. More preferably, the positive electrode friction material is nylon, the negative electrode friction material is polytetrafluoroethylene, and the conductive material is copper foil.

[0011] The ITO / PET flexible film can be a commercially available product, or can be obtained by sputtering a transparent indium tin oxide (ITO) conductive film on a PET substrate using magnetron sputtering technology. The surface resistivity of the ITO surface of the ITO / PET film is 10-50Ωsq -1 .

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the roll design integrates the positive friction material, the negative friction material and two layers of electrode materials (ITO electrode and conductive material electrode) into one, forming an integrated multi-layer structure. This structure effectively avoids problems such as complex device or circuit structure and creases generated during repeated folding, and significantly improves the long-term stability and working performance of the device.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the conductive material, positive electrode friction material and negative electrode friction material are rectangles of the same size, and the length and width can be adjusted according to the specific usage scenario, with a width of 1 to 10 cm and a length of 5 to 100 cm.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the integrated structure of the rolled-up friction nanogenerator can rotate the inner circle angle arbitrarily to easily form a multi-layer rolled-up structure with different diameters. Therefore, the present invention can adjust the outer diameter of the device within a certain range by rotating the inner circle of the device, showing excellent environmental adaptability and flexibility.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the head ends of the ITO / PET film, positive friction material and negative friction material are aligned, and a small stick is pasted on the area at the tail end of the ITO / PET film where the positive friction material and the negative friction material are not pasted, so as to realize rolling, twitching and mixed motion forms.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the integrated roll-shaped friction nanogenerator has at least five motion forms, which are:

[0017] (1) The outer ring diameter of the integrated friction nanogenerator is kept constant, the inner ring is rotated, and then the external force is removed. The motion form of the integrated friction nanogenerator is a rolling form with a constant diameter. The rolling and removing the external force constitute a power generation cycle.

[0018] (2) The outer ring diameter of the integrated friction nanogenerator is kept non-constant, the inner ring is rotated, and then the external force is removed. The movement form of the integrated friction nanogenerator is a rolling form with a non-constant diameter. The rolling and removing the external force constitute a power generation cycle.

[0019] (3) The outer ring diameter of the integrated friction nanogenerator is kept constant, the inner ring is pulled, and then the external force is removed. The movement form of the integrated friction nanogenerator is a pulling form with a constant diameter, and pulling and removing the external force constitutes a power generation cycle.

[0020] (4) The outer ring diameter of the integrated friction nanogenerator is kept constant, the outer ring is pressed, and then the external force is removed. The movement form of the integrated friction nanogenerator is a pressing form with a constant diameter, and pressing and removing the external force constitute a power generation cycle.

[0021] (5) The outer ring diameter of the integrated friction nanogenerator is kept constant, and at least two external forces, including rotating the inner ring, pulling the inner ring, and pressing the outer ring, are applied, and then the external force is removed. Then, the motion form of the integrated friction nanogenerator is a mixed action form with a constant diameter.

[0022] The working principle of the integrated roll-shaped friction nanogenerator described in the present invention is the coupling of two working modes: the vertical contact separation mode and the horizontal sliding mode. Under the condition of keeping the outer ring diameter of the device constant, during the process of rotating and releasing the inner ring, the separated friction layers undergo contact separation movement, and the working mode is the vertical contact separation mode; the sliding back and forth of the unseparated part is the horizontal sliding mode.

[0023] The present invention also protects the application of the integrated structured rolled-up friction nanogenerator, when the movement form of the integrated structured friction nanogenerator is a rolling form with a constant diameter, the integrated structured rolled-up friction nanogenerator is connected to a commercial bridge rectifier to charge capacitors of different capacitances or power a commercial stopwatch or collect wind energy and serve as a self-powered wind speed sensor.

[0024] The present invention also protects the application of the integrated structured rolled friction nanogenerator. When the movement form of the integrated structured friction nanogenerator is a rolling form with an inconstant diameter, the integrated structured rolled friction nanogenerator is used as a self-powered tension sensor.

[0025] The present invention also protects the application of the integrated structured rolled friction nanogenerator, and when the movement form of the integrated structured friction nanogenerator is a pressing form with a constant diameter, the integrated structured rolled friction nanogenerator is used as a self-powered weight sensor.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention forms a positive electrode friction material by pasting copper foil on the PET surface of the ITO / PET film and pasting nylon film on the other side of the copper foil; pasting polytetrafluoroethylene film on the ITO surface of the ITO / PET film to form a negative electrode friction material; and adopts a curling method to form a multilayer roll-shaped friction nanogenerator with an integrated structure. The prepared roll-shaped friction nanogenerator has two working modes, namely, contact separation mode and horizontal sliding mode, and supports at least five forms of movement, including rolling form, twitching form and pressing form, etc., aiming to improve the adaptability and flexibility of environmental energy collection. Thanks to the integrated structural design, it can effectively avoid problems such as complex devices or circuit structures and creases generated during repeated folding, significantly improving the long-term stability and working performance of the device; in addition, its versatility and high adaptability make it show broad application prospects in energy collection and sensor applications (such as self-powered tension, gravity and wind speed sensors, etc.). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the manufacturing process of a one-piece rolled-up friction nanogenerator.

[0028] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the working principle of the vertical contact separation mode and horizontal sliding mode of the integrated cylindrical friction nanogenerator; a is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the vertical contact separation mode, and b is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the horizontal sliding mode.

[0029] Figure 3Schematic diagram of the integrated rolled-up friction nanogenerators with different diameters in a rolling form with a constant outer ring diameter and their output performance; a is a schematic diagram of the rolled-up friction nanogenerators with diameters of 10mm, 20mm, 30mm, and 40mm respectively; b is an open circuit voltage diagram; c is a short circuit current diagram.

[0030] Figure 4 The figure shows the influence of frequency and rotation angle on the electrical performance of a one-piece cylindrical friction nanogenerator with a constant outer ring diameter. a is the short-circuit current diagram of the device at different frequencies, and b is the short-circuit current diagram of the device at different rotation angles.

[0031] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the rotation angle of the integrated cylindrical friction nanogenerator.

[0032] Figure 6 The output performance diagram of the device under horizontal twitching and vertical pressing of the integrated structure of the cylindrical friction nanogenerator with a constant outer ring diameter, a is the open circuit voltage diagram of the device under different horizontal twitching displacements, and b is the open circuit voltage diagram of the device under different pressing displacements.

[0033] Figure 7 The output performance of the integrated structure of the cylindrical friction nanogenerator in a hybrid form with a constant outer ring diameter, a is the open circuit voltage diagram under the hybrid form of horizontal twitching and rolling, with a twitching displacement of 30mm and an inner ring rolling angle of 135°; b is the open circuit voltage diagram under the hybrid form of vertical pressing and rolling, with a pressing displacement of 10mm and an inner ring rolling angle of 135°; c is the open circuit voltage diagram under a single motion form (rolling, twitching or pressing); d is the open circuit voltage diagram under the hybrid form of rolling, twitching and pressing, with a twitching displacement of 30mm, a pressing displacement of 10mm and an inner ring rolling angle of 135°.

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of an integrated cylindrical friction nanogenerator driving a stopwatch and charging capacitors of different sizes in a rolling form with a constant outer ring diameter. a is a physical diagram and output voltage diagram of an integrated cylindrical friction nanogenerator driving a stopwatch. b is an output voltage diagram of an integrated cylindrical friction nanogenerator charging capacitors of different sizes.

[0035] Fig. 9 The voltage response of the integrated cylindrical friction nanogenerator to different wind speeds in a rolling form with a constant outer ring diameter.

[0036] Fig.10Figure 3 is the voltage response of the one-piece cylindrical friction nanogenerator to different pulling forces in the rolling form with an inconstant outer ring diameter. a1 is the voltage response diagram of the one-piece cylindrical friction nanogenerator to a pulling force of 45g, a2 is the voltage response diagram of the one-piece cylindrical friction nanogenerator to a pulling force of 75g, a3 is the voltage response diagram of the one-piece cylindrical friction nanogenerator to a pulling force of 105g, and b is the voltage response diagram of the one-piece cylindrical friction nanogenerator to different pulling forces of 45-105g in the rolling form with an inconstant outer ring diameter.

[0037] Fig.11 Figure 3 is the voltage response of the one-piece cylindrical friction nanogenerator to different weights under the pressing form with a constant outer ring diameter. a1 is the voltage response diagram of the one-piece cylindrical friction nanogenerator to 20g pressing gravity, a2 is the voltage response diagram of the one-piece cylindrical friction nanogenerator to 75g pressing gravity, a3 is the voltage response diagram of the one-piece cylindrical friction nanogenerator to 100g pressing gravity, and b is the voltage response diagram of the one-piece cylindrical friction nanogenerator to different pressing gravity of 20-100g. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to better illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, a roll-shaped friction nanogenerator with an integrated structure is formed on an ITO / PET film ( Figure 1 (i)) The PET surface is pasted with copper foil ( Figure 1 (ii)), paste the nylon film positive electrode friction material on the other side of the copper foil ( Figure 1 (ⅲ)); Paste the negative electrode friction material of polytetrafluoroethylene film on the ITO surface of ITO / PET film ( Figure 1 (ⅳ)); then curled toward the positive electrode friction material ( Figure 1 (v)) to form a cylindrical friction nanogenerator with an integrated structure in which the positive electrode friction material is in the inner layer and the negative electrode friction material is in the outer layer ( Figure 1 (vi)). The integrated friction nanogenerator can rotate the inner circle angle arbitrarily to easily form a multi-layered roll-like structure with different diameters.

[0041] The thickness of the ITO / PET film is 0.175 mm, the thickness of the copper foil is 0.1 mm, the thickness of the nylon film is 0.05 mm, and the thickness of the polytetrafluoroethylene film is 0.05 mm. The width of the copper foil, nylon film, and polytetrafluoroethylene film is 45 mm, and the length is 190 mm. The width of the ITO / PET film is 45 mm, and the length is 200 mm. The surface resistivity of the ITO surface of the ITO / PET film is 40 Ωsq -1 .

[0042] The head ends of the ITO / PET film, copper foil, nylon film, and polytetrafluoroethylene film are aligned, and a small stick is pasted on a 10 mm long area at the tail end of the ITO / PET film where the positive friction material and the negative friction material are not pasted, so as to realize the rolling, twitching, and mixed motion forms of the integrated structure of the rolled friction nanogenerator.

[0043] The integrated structure of the rolled friction nanogenerator has at least five motion forms, which are:

[0044] (1) The outer ring diameter of the integrated friction nanogenerator is kept constant, the inner ring is rotated, and then the external force is removed. The motion form of the integrated friction nanogenerator is a rolling form with a constant diameter. The rolling and removing the external force constitute a power generation cycle.

[0045] (2) The outer ring diameter of the integrated friction nanogenerator is kept non-constant, the inner ring is rotated, and then the external force is removed. The movement form of the integrated friction nanogenerator is a rolling form with a non-constant diameter. The rolling and removing the external force constitute a power generation cycle.

[0046] (3) The outer ring diameter of the integrated friction nanogenerator is kept constant, the inner ring is pulled, and then the external force is removed. The movement form of the integrated friction nanogenerator is a pulling form with a constant diameter, and pulling and removing the external force constitutes a power generation cycle.

[0047] (4) The outer ring diameter of the integrated friction nanogenerator is kept constant, the outer ring is pressed, and then the external force is removed. The movement form of the integrated friction nanogenerator is a pressing form with a constant diameter, and pressing and removing the external force constitute a power generation cycle.

[0048] (5) The outer ring diameter of the integrated friction nanogenerator is kept constant, and at least two external forces, including rotating the inner ring, pulling the inner ring, and pressing the outer ring, are applied, and then the external force is removed. Then, the motion form of the integrated friction nanogenerator is a mixed action form with a constant diameter.

[0049] Among them, the rotating inner ring is achieved by applying a torsional force to the ITO / PET film, the conductive material, the positive friction material and the negative friction material to curl them into a roll shape; the pulling of the inner ring is achieved by pulling the ITO / PET film with a small stick, and the pressing of the outer ring is achieved by applying pressing force to the outer layer of the negative friction material.

[0050] like Figure 2 As shown, the working principle of the integrated roll-shaped friction nanogenerator of the present invention is the coupling of the vertical contact separation mode and the horizontal sliding mode. As the rotation angle increases, the friction gap gradually increases, the separated part undergoes the vertical contact separation mode, and the unseparated friction layer part slides back and forth in the horizontal sliding mode; specifically:

[0051] like Figure 2 As shown in a, the vertical contact separation mode is: In Figure 1, in the initial state, the PTFE film and the nylon film are in close contact, and surface charges will be generated between the PTFE and nylon films due to the triboelectric effect. According to the triboelectric order, PTFE is more negatively charged than nylon during the friction process, that is, it is easier to obtain electrons. Therefore, the PTFE surface will be negatively charged and the nylon surface will be positively charged. Due to the properties of insulators, the generated triboelectric charges can remain on the film surface for a long time. At this time, the triboelectric charges of opposite polarity shield each other, and there is almost no potential difference between the two friction layers, so there is no current output in the external circuit.

[0052] Subsequently, in Figure II, the inner circle of the integrated cylindrical friction nanogenerator device rotates a certain angle, the separation distance between the friction layers of the PTFE film and the nylon film increases, and the friction charge balance is broken, driving the flow of electrons to balance the electrostatic field generated by the friction charges, so that there is current output in the external circuit.

[0053] Continue scrolling, in Figure III, the friction charges reach a new equilibrium state, and there is no current output in the external circuit.

[0054] However, in Figure IV, once the torsional force is removed, the deformation of the integrated structured rolled-up friction nanogenerator device is restored, and current is output in the external circuit, and the electrons return to the initial electrodes. This periodic contact and separation generates periodic current.

[0055] like Figure 2 As shown in Figure b, horizontal sliding mode: In Figure I, initially, when the two friction layers of PTFE film and nylon film come into contact, due to the contact electrification effect, the contact surfaces will carry equal amounts of charges of opposite polarity. At this time, the PTFE surface will carry a negative charge and the nylon surface will carry a positive charge.

[0056] In Figure II, when the device is rolled, the friction charge is not compensated, the charge balance is broken, and electrons flow from the ITO electrode to the Cu electrode to form a potential difference to balance the electrostatic field generated by friction.

[0057] In Figure III, as the rolling angle increases, a new equilibrium is reached. At this time, there is no current signal in the external circuit, and the potential difference between the electrodes reaches its maximum.

[0058] In Figure IV, the deformation is then restored and the two friction layers come into contact again, and the electrons return to the original electrodes.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] In this embodiment, the integrated structure of the rolled friction nanogenerator obtained in Example 1 is kept at the same inner ring rotation angle, and the rolled friction nanogenerator with different outer ring diameters (10 mm to 40 mm) is made (the schematic diagram of the structure under different diameters is shown in Figure 3 a) are compared with the output performance.

[0061] like Figure 3 b. When the outer diameter of the integrated structure of the rolled friction nanogenerator device increases from 10mm to 30mm, the open circuit voltage increases from 64V to 128V, and the short circuit current increases from 1.55μA to 3.56μA. However, when the diameter increases from 30mm to 40mm, the open circuit voltage decreases from 128V to 100V, and the short circuit current decreases from 3.56μA to 2.50μA. Within a certain diameter range, when rotating at the same angle, the integrated structure of the rolled friction nanogenerator device with a larger diameter can form more gaps between the friction layers, that is, more contact surfaces participate in the periodic contact-separation process, and there are more opportunities to generate charge transfer during the motion cycle, thereby achieving higher electrical output. As the diameter of the device increases, the contact pressure of the friction layer usually decreases, and the device has almost no horizontal sliding working mode, which further limits its energy output capacity and leads to reduced output performance.

[0062] Example 3

[0063] When the outer diameter of the integrated rolled-up friction nanogenerator device of Example 1 is kept constant at 30 mm and the rotation angle is 135°, Figure 4 a, the frequency increases from 1Hz to 4Hz, and the current increases from 1.2μA to 3.56μA. The short-circuit current depends on the amount of charge transferred per unit time. As the frequency increases, the period decreases, so the short-circuit current will inevitably increase.

[0064] like Figure 5 As shown, the rotation angle θ is the rotation angle of the device in the plane formed by the Z axis and the Y axis, wherein when not scrolled, the rotation angle θ is 0°.

[0065] The frequency is the rolling frequency of one cycle after the inner ring is rotated.

[0066] Example 4

[0067] The outer diameter of the rolled-up friction nanogenerator device of the integrated structure of Example 1 is kept constant at 30 mm, and the frequency is 4 Hz. Figure 4 b, The current increases from 1.31 μA to 3.56 μA as the rotation angle increases from 45° to 135°. As the angle increases, the contact and separation motion between the friction layers becomes more sufficient and efficient, resulting in an increase in the short-circuit current.

[0068] Example 5

[0069] like Figure 6 As shown, the outer diameter of the rolled friction nanogenerator device of the integrated structure of Example 1 is kept constant at 30 mm. In the form of twitching motion, the twitching displacement ΔX increases from 10 mm to 30 mm, and the voltage increases from 73 V to 120 V. In the form of pressing motion, the pressing displacement ΔZ increases from 10 mm to 30 mm, and the voltage increases from 31 V to 55 V. As the displacement increases, the contact area of ​​the two friction layers also increases, resulting in an increase in voltage.

[0070] Example 6

[0071] In actual application environments, the integrated structure of the rolled friction nanogenerator may be stimulated from multiple directions. Therefore, the output performance of the integrated structure of the rolled friction nanogenerator under multiple motion forms (at least two motion forms of rolling, twitching, and pressing) is further studied to collect complex forms of energy, and the influence of the interaction between various motion forms on the output performance is analyzed. In this embodiment, the outer ring diameter of the rolled friction nanogenerator device of the integrated structure of Example 1 is kept constant at 30 mm, and the output performance of the rolled friction nanogenerator under the simultaneous action of twitching and rolling, pressing and rolling, and pressing, twitching, and rolling is measured.

[0072] like Figure 7As shown in a, when the integrated structure of the rolled friction nanogenerator is subjected to twitching (displacement of 30mm) and rolling (angle of 135°), the open circuit voltage of the integrated structure of the rolled friction nanogenerator reaches a maximum of about 170V. It can be seen that the combined action of the two forms of motion has a significant enhancement effect on the energy output. This is attributed to the output of the integrated structure of the rolled friction nanogenerator being a composite action of two working modes (contact separation and horizontal sliding mode). However, due to the increase in the gap between the friction layers caused by the rolling process, the effective relative sliding between the friction surfaces is weakened. Therefore, although the electrical output of the rolled friction nanogenerator is enhanced, its output does not reach the simple superposition of the output of the two single modes.

[0073] like Figure 7 As shown in Figure b, when the integrated structure of the rolled friction nanogenerator is pressed (displacement of 10mm) and rolled (angle of 135°), the open circuit voltage is about 55V. Obviously, when the integrated structure of the rolled friction nanogenerator is pressed, its output performance is significantly reduced. The reason for this phenomenon is that the pressing action reduces the gap in the friction layer, while the rolling action increases the gap. The interaction between the two produces charge cancellation, thereby reducing the output performance.

[0074] Figure 7 c shows the voltage of the device when rolling, pulling and pressing. It is clear that the signal direction of pressing is opposite, which is consistent with Figure 7 b The results of theoretical analysis are consistent. At the same time, due to the structural deformation caused by pressing, the contact area between the friction layers is reduced or the contact pressure is uneven during rolling, which further limits the efficiency of charge transfer. Therefore, the electrical output does not reach the subtraction of the two single modes.

[0075] like Figure 7 As shown in Figure d, compared with the case where rolling and twitching act simultaneously, under the combined action of pressing, rolling and twitching, the open circuit voltage of the device drops from 170 V to 104 V, further verifying the significant inhibitory effect of pressing on the output performance, which provides an important idea for the development of high-performance power generation and self-powered sensing systems.

[0076] Effect Example 1

[0077] The integrated rolled friction nanogenerator is applied in the following aspects: Figure 7-10 .

[0078] like Figure 8 As shown, in the rolling form in which the outer ring diameter of the integrated structure of the rolled friction nanogenerator described in Example 1 is constant at 30 mm, the integrated structure of the rolled friction nanogenerator can drive a stopwatch and charge capacitors of different sizes.

[0079] like Figure 8 As shown in a, the ability of the integrated structure of the rolled friction nanogenerator to supply power to a low-power device was measured under the conditions of keeping the outer diameter of the rolled friction nanogenerator of the integrated structure described in Example 1 constant at 30 mm, the frequency at 4 Hz, and the rotation angle at 135°. Through AC-DC conversion, the rolled friction generator can drive a commercial stopwatch.

[0080] like Figure 8 As shown in Figure b, the integrated rolled friction nanogenerator with a constant outer diameter of 30 mm in Example 1 is used to charge capacitors with different capacitances to evaluate its charging capacity. A 1 μF capacitor only needs to be charged to 3 V in 1.2 s.

[0081] like Fig. 9 As shown, the one-piece structure of the rolled friction nanogenerator prepared in Example 1 is combined with a constraining shell and a wind cup. Here, a cylindrical shell with a diameter of about 30 mm is used to encapsulate the rolled friction nanogenerator. As the wind speed increases, the contact area between the PTFE membrane and the nylon film friction layer increases, so the voltage output also increases, and the maximum voltage is 53V. It is worth noting that there is an excellent linear relationship between voltage and wind speed. Changes in wind speed can directly lead to proportional changes in the output voltage or current of the friction nanogenerator, so that the actual environmental wind speed is obtained through point output, indicating that the prepared one-piece structure of the rolled friction nanogenerator can be used as a self-powered wind speed sensor for environmental meteorological monitoring.

[0082] Fig.10 The voltage response of the rolled-up friction nanogenerator to different tensions is shown in the rolling form of the integrated structure with an unconstant outer diameter of the rolled-up friction nanogenerator. In the tension range of 15g to 105g, the relationship between the tension x and the output voltage y of the integrated structure rolled-up friction nanogenerator is: y = 0.440x + 6.530, and the correlation coefficient R 2 =0.986. As the tension increases, the output voltage of the integrated drum-shaped friction nanogenerator also increases, from 12V to 53V, indicating that the prepared integrated drum-shaped friction nanogenerator can be used as a self-powered tension sensor.

[0083] Fig.11 The voltage response of the integrated reel-shaped friction nanogenerator to different weights is shown in the form of pressing with the outer ring diameter of the integrated reel-shaped friction nanogenerator constant at 30 mm. Within a certain pressure range, the voltage output y of the integrated reel-shaped friction nanogenerator and the weight x show an approximately linear relationship: y = 0.061x-0.296, and the correlation coefficient R 2=0.998, based on this approximate linear relationship, the integrated structure of the rolled friction nanogenerator can be used as a self-powered weight sensor. It can be seen that the prepared integrated structure of the friction nanogenerator has multiple motion forms and multifunctionality, which enables it to adapt to complex environment energy collection.

[0084] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A one-piece rolled friction nanogenerator, characterized in that: The invention comprises an ITO / PET film, a conductive material, a positive friction material and a negative friction material; wherein, a layer of conductive material is pasted on the PET surface of the ITO / PET film, a layer of positive friction material is pasted on the other side of the conductive material, and a layer of negative friction material is pasted on the ITO surface of the ITO / PET film. By curling toward the positive friction material, a rolled friction nanogenerator with an integrated structure is formed with the positive friction material in the inner layer and the negative friction material in the outer layer.

2. The integrated rolled friction nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductive material is nickel foil, copper foil or aluminum foil, the positive electrode friction material is polyoxymethylene, nylon, melamine or paper, and the negative electrode friction material is polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene or polyimide.

3. The integrated rolled friction nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductive material, the positive electrode friction material and the negative electrode friction material are rectangular with the same size.

4. The integrated rolled friction nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ITO surface resistivity of the ITO / PET film is 10-50Ωsq -1 .

5. The integrated rolled friction nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The head ends of the ITO / PET film, conductive material, positive friction material and negative friction material are aligned, and a small stick is pasted on the area of ​​the tail end of the ITO / PET film where the conductive material, positive friction material and negative friction material are not pasted.

6. The integrated rolled friction nanogenerator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: There are at least five types of sports, namely: (1) Keeping the outer ring diameter of the integrated friction nanogenerator constant, rotating the inner ring, and then removing the external force, the motion form of the integrated friction nanogenerator is a rolling form with a constant diameter; (2) The outer ring diameter of the integrated friction nanogenerator is kept non-constant, the inner ring is rotated, and then the external force is removed, so that the motion form of the integrated friction nanogenerator is a rolling form with a non-constant diameter; (3) Keeping the outer ring diameter of the integrated friction nanogenerator constant, twitching the inner ring, and then removing the external force, the motion form of the integrated friction nanogenerator is a twitching form with a constant diameter; (4) Keeping the outer ring diameter of the integrated friction nanogenerator constant, pressing the outer ring, and then removing the external force, the movement form of the integrated friction nanogenerator is a pressing form with a constant diameter; (5) The outer ring diameter of the integrated friction nanogenerator is kept constant, and at least two external forces, including rotating the inner ring, pulling the inner ring, and pressing the outer ring, are applied, and then the external force is removed. Then, the motion form of the integrated friction nanogenerator is a mixed action form with a constant diameter.

7. The use of the integrated rolled friction nanogenerator as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: When the motion form of the integrated friction nanogenerator is a rolling form with a constant diameter, the integrated rolled friction nanogenerator is connected to a commercial bridge rectifier to charge capacitors with different capacitances or power a commercial stopwatch or collect wind energy as a self-powered wind speed sensor.

8. The use of the integrated rolled friction nanogenerator as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: When the motion form of the integrated friction nanogenerator is a rolling form with an inconstant diameter, the integrated drum-shaped friction nanogenerator serves as a self-powered tension sensor.

9. The use of the integrated rolled friction nanogenerator as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: When the motion form of the integrated friction nanogenerator is a pressing form with a constant diameter, the integrated drum-shaped friction nanogenerator serves as a self-powered weight sensor.

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