Foldable umbrella-shaped flexible photovoltaic support and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a foldable umbrella-shaped flexible photovoltaic support in the field of photovoltaic devices, and the support comprises an umbrella rib assembly which comprises an umbrella column and main ribs radially arranged on the peripheral surface of the umbrella column, and photovoltaic panels are arranged on the main ribs; the opening and closing assembly is arranged on the umbrella column and drives the main ribs to be opened and closed; the environment module is arranged at the top end of the umbrella column and the opening and closing assembly and used for sensing the wind speed, the wind direction, the temperature and the humidity of the environment; the controller is electrically connected with the environment module and the opening and closing assembly; the invention further discloses a control method. The photovoltaic support has the advantages that the stability of the support can be improved by arranging the photovoltaic support to be in an umbrella rib shape, the environment module, the opening and closing assembly and the controller are arranged, automatic control over the umbrella rib assembly can be achieved through environment conditions, the safety of a photovoltaic panel is improved, and the service life of the photovoltaic panel is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of photovoltaic devices, and in particular to a foldable umbrella-shaped flexible photovoltaic support and a method. Background Art

[0002] In modern manufacturing, the demand for renewable resources is increasing, and solar photovoltaic power generation technology is also widely used. Flexible brackets are diverse in form and can be used in many scenarios such as mountainous areas, agricultural greenhouses, and factory parking lots. They make full use of the conditions of different scenarios, follow the principle of "multiple spans and multiple rows", reasonably layout the structure, and raise the columns to maximize space utilization.

[0003] In the past, traditional photovoltaic panel installations usually adopted fixed structures and simple tilted structures, which can meet the conditions of static loads, but are difficult to adapt to strong wind environments. In traditional designs, fixed brackets are prone to instability or damage under strong wind conditions, especially in multi-span layouts, where wind loads have a greater impact on the system. Fixed photovoltaic panel brackets take up a lot of space during transportation, installation and maintenance, and cannot meet the needs of high-density layout and space saving. The design of large spans needs to take into account both flexible design and structural strength, and traditional solutions often find it difficult to optimize both. In terms of automation, traditional bracket designs lack intelligent adjustment functions based on environmental changes (such as wind speed), and manual operation is required to adjust the angle or store the equipment.

[0004] The existing designs include a single-layer suspension structure, which consists of a main steel frame composed of beams and columns, cable-stayed cables, cable bodies and other main components. After the component support cables are tensioned, they are fixed through anchors at the ends of the steel beams. The tensioning equipment allows the support cables to obtain stress stiffness for supporting the components, and a self-balancing system is formed by the end-tightening. The tilt-angle adjustable bracket adjusts the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel by electric or manual means to optimize the solar energy absorption efficiency. When a strong wind environment arrives, the foldable bracket system protects the photovoltaic panel through a folding or storage mechanism.

[0005] However, this type of photovoltaic bracket also has some disadvantages: 1. It is prone to large deformation in the face of strong winds, and its ability to withstand wind loads is limited under strong wind conditions.

[0006] 2. Under extreme weather conditions, photovoltaic panels are always exposed and lack protection mechanisms.

[0007] 3. During installation and transportation, the bracket and photovoltaic panels need to be fully unfolded, taking up a large space.

[0008] 4. The electric or manual angle adjustment device increases the complexity of the structure and the maintenance cost in long-term operation is high.

[0009] 5. Angle adjustment usually relies on mechanical hinges or motors, which have a limited range of motion and are difficult to achieve folding functions.

[0010] 6. In the existing folding design, the slide rail and slider are less designed, and the support system is prone to loosening or jamming when folding.

[0011] To this end, we propose a foldable umbrella-shaped flexible photovoltaic bracket and method. Summary of the invention

[0012] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a foldable umbrella-shaped flexible photovoltaic support and method.

[0013] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A foldable umbrella-shaped flexible photovoltaic support comprises: an umbrella rib assembly, comprising an umbrella column and main ribs radially arranged on the circumference of the umbrella column, and a photovoltaic panel is arranged on the main ribs; an opening and closing assembly, arranged on the umbrella column, driving the opening and closing of the main ribs; an environmental module, arranged on the top of the umbrella column and the opening and closing assembly, and used for collecting environmental wind speed, wind direction, temperature and humidity data; a controller, electrically connected to the environmental module and the opening and closing assembly, and the controller is used to control the opening and closing assembly according to the data of the environmental module.

[0014] By setting up umbrella rib components and opening and closing components, the photovoltaic panels are set on the main ribs. The umbrella rib-shaped photovoltaic bracket has higher stability than the traditional bracket. The opening and closing components are controlled by the environmental module and the controller according to the environmental data to automatically fold and unfold the umbrella rib components. The degree of automation is higher. The umbrella rib components can be folded in strong wind weather to reduce wind resistance, protect the photovoltaic panels, and increase the service life of the photovoltaic panels.

[0015] It is further defined that the umbrella rib assembly also includes an upper top block, a lower top block and a supporting bone; the upper top block is fixedly arranged at the top end of the umbrella column, the upper top block is truncated cone-shaped, and a plurality of upper hinge blocks are radially arranged on the circumferential surface; an upper hinge clamp is arranged at the inner end of the main bone, and the inner end of the main bone is hinged to the upper hinge block through the upper hinge clamp; the lower top block is annular and slidably connected to the umbrella column, and a plurality of lower hinge blocks are radially arranged on the circumferential surface of the lower top block; an inner hinge clamp and an outer hinge clamp are respectively arranged at both ends of the supporting bone, the inner hinge clamp is hinged to the lower hinge block, and the outer hinge is hinged to the middle section of the main bone; by arranging the upper top block to hinge the bottom end of the supporting bone, the top end of the supporting bone is hinged to the middle section of the main bone, so that the umbrella rib assembly opens and closes like the umbrella rib structure, and the structure is simple and the manufacturing is convenient.

[0016] It is further defined that a pull block is fixedly provided on the middle section of the main bone, and the outer hinge clamp is hinged on the pull block.

[0017] It is further defined that the opening and closing assembly includes an upper push seat, a lower push plate, a push-pull screw rod and a driving motor; the upper push seat is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the lower top block and is slidably passed through the umbrella column, the top end of the push-pull screw rod is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the upper push seat, and the bottom end passes through the lower push plate, the driving motor is vertically fixed on the bottom surface of the lower push plate, and the driving motor drives the push-pull screw rod to rise and fall through the transmission assembly; the upper push seat and the lower top block are fixedly connected, and when the driving motor drives the push-pull screw rod to move up and down through the transmission assembly, the upper push seat and the lower top block are pushed to move synchronously, thereby realizing the opening and closing action of the umbrella rib assembly.

[0018] The transmission assembly comprises an active tooth, a reduction tooth and a transmission tooth; the active tooth is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the driving motor, the output shaft end of the driving motor passes through the lower push plate and is located above the lower push plate, the reduction tooth is rotatably connected to the center of the lower push plate, and the center of the reduction tooth is provided with a through hole for the umbrella column to pass through, the active tooth and the reduction tooth are meshed, the transmission tooth is also meshed with the reduction tooth, and is also rotatably connected to the lower push plate, a through hole is provided in the center of the transmission tooth, and an internal thread matching the push-pull screw rod is provided on the hole wall of the through hole, and the push-pull screw rod is threadedly connected in the through hole; the active tooth is driven to rotate by the driving motor, the active tooth drives the middle reduction tooth to rotate, and the rotation of the reduction tooth drives the transmission tooth meshed with the outer periphery of the reduction tooth to rotate, because the push-pull screw rod is threadedly connected in the transmission tooth, and the top of the push-pull screw rod is fixedly connected, the push-pull screw rod will not rotate during the rotation of the transmission tooth, but will move up and down in the transmission tooth, thereby realizing the opening and closing drive of the umbrella rib assembly, the gear transmission kinetic energy loss is small, and the synchronization can be improved.

[0019] It is further defined that the environmental module includes a wind speed and direction sensor and a temperature and humidity sensor. The wind speed and direction sensor is arranged at the top of the upper top block, and the temperature and humidity sensor is arranged on the upper push seat. The wind speed and direction of the environment can be detected by the wind speed and direction sensor, and the temperature and humidity sensor can detect the temperature and humidity of the environment, so as to facilitate opening and closing control according to environmental parameters. Placing the temperature and humidity sensor on the upper push seat can reduce the impact of wind and prevent exposure to the sun.

[0020] It is further defined that a slide groove is opened on the main bone along the length direction, and two sliding blocks are slidingly arranged in the slide groove. The photovoltaic panel is fixedly connected to the two sliding blocks, and the two sliding blocks are respectively located on both sides of the pulling block; the photovoltaic panel is fixed by the two sliding blocks, and the two sliding blocks can slide in the slide groove, and the pulling block serves as a limiting device for the two sliding blocks. The sliding block on the inner side of the pulling block will no longer be able to slide outward due to the obstruction of the pulling block, thereby preventing the photovoltaic panel from falling off the main bone. The sliding setting of the photovoltaic panel can avoid obstructions and adapt to environmental changes. When maintenance is needed, the photovoltaic panel can be slid for maintenance, which makes maintenance more convenient.

[0021] It is further defined that a locking seat is provided on the top surface of the lower top block through a ring plate, a locking block is provided on the bottom surface of the upper top block corresponding to the locking seat, and a photoelectric encoder is also provided on the top surface of the upper push seat. The photoelectric encoder and the locking seat are adjacent to each other. When the locking seat and the locking block are buckled, the umbrella rib assembly is in a fully expanded state, and the photoelectric encoder and the controller are electrically connected. By arranging a photoelectric encoder adjacent to the locking seat on the upper push seat, the distance between the locking seat and the locking block can be obtained in real time through the photoelectric encoder, thereby realizing the automatic opening and closing action of the umbrella rib assembly through the controller.

[0022] A control method for controlling the above-mentioned foldable umbrella-shaped flexible photovoltaic support comprises the following steps: S1.According to the data collected by the wind speed and direction sensor and the temperature and humidity sensor, the environmental data is obtained. The environmental data includes wind speed ,wind direction ,temperature and humidity ; S2. Perform sliding average smoothing on the environmental data collected in step S1 to reduce the impact of noise: ; in, is the sliding window size, is the time step The previous chapter The historical environmental data of each time step is sorted into a time series format to obtain the time series data. : ; ; in, is the current time step The time series data below, For time series data The data features of time steps, Data features The wind speed, Data features wind direction, Data features Temperature, Data features Humidity, is the number of the data feature, For time series data Data features of time steps; S3. Normalize the data features to generate normalized time series data ; ; in, For time series data The normalized data features in is the minimum value of the data feature in the time series data, is the maximum value of the data feature in the time series data: S4. Extract time steps in historical environmental data Target wind speed , the target wind speed and time series data As training data, create a training data set : ; in, is the maximum time step of the historical environmental data obtained; S5. Build LSTM model and train the data set Input into the LSTM model and train the LSTM model. The LSTM model includes: Forget Gate: ; Input gate: input time series , the feature dimension of each time series is 4; ; Candidate memory cells: ; Update memory unit: ; Output Gate: ; Hide status updates: ; in, is the forget gate at time step The output, is an activation function with an output range of [0.1], is the weight matrix of the forget gate, is the bias vector of the forget gate, is the hidden state of the previous time step; is the input gate at time step The output of The value range of is [0.1], is the weight matrix of the input gate, is the bias vector of the input gate: is the candidate memory unit at time step The output, is the weight matrix of the candidate memory unit, is the bias vector of the candidate memory unit, It is also an activation function with an output value range of [0.1]; To update the memory unit at time step The output, To update the output of the memory unit at the previous time step, For the output gate at time step The output, is the weight matrix of the output gate, is the bias vector of the output gate: is a hidden state; Hide the state Mapping to predicted wind speed values : ; S6. Predicted wind speed values ​​extracted from the output data of the LSTM model ; Based on the predicted wind speed value Target wind speed Calculating the loss function : ; And optimize and update the parameters of the LSTM model , is the set of weight matrices, is a set of bias vectors: ; is the loss function The corrected gradients for the weight matrix and bias vector, is the learning rate; Until the loss function Converge, output the trained LSTM model, deploy the model, and input the time series data at the current time step As real-time data, output sliding window time series: ; Use the trained LSTM model: , output the future Predicted wind speed in seconds ; S7. According to the real-time wind speed after smoothing and predicted wind speed , determine whether to enter collapsed or expanded mode: When wind speed Or predicted wind speed When the set threshold of 25m / s is exceeded, the folding mode is triggered and the ribs need to be folded; <10m / s and <10m / s triggers the deployment mode and the ribs need to be deployed; if neither of the above two conditions is met, the system remains in the current state; S8. If the control system triggers the folding mode, the relative distance between the locking seat and the locking block is set as the folding target distance, and the folding target distance is defined. , calculate the error signal : ; in, The locking seat and locking block measured by the photoelectric encoder at the time step The actual distance; According to the error signal Generate folding control signal : ; in, is the proportional gain; is the integral gain; is the differential gain; From time step 0 to The error integral over the time step, is the time step The error, represents the dynamic variables during the integration process, is the rate of change of the error in the folding control signal; If the control system triggers the deployment mode, the relative distance between the locking seat and the locking block is set as the deployment target distance, and the deployment target distance is defined. , calculate the expansion target distance and The error signal : ; The expansion control signal is : ; in, To expand the rate of change of the error in the control signal; In order to prevent the ribs from moving too fast or too slow, the folding control signal and expansion control signals All are set within the allowable range of the motor: ; ; is the minimum input signal of the motor, is the maximum input signal of the motor; S9. The drive motor output controls the movement of the push seat, and the photoelectric encoder provides real-time feedback on the actual distance between the locking seat and the locking block. , cyclically adjust the folding control signal and expansion control signals , until or =0, the folding or unfolding is completed.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by configuring the photovoltaic support to be in the shape of an umbrella rib, the stability of the support can be improved, and by configuring the environmental module, the opening and closing assembly and the controller, automatic control of the umbrella rib assembly can be achieved according to environmental conditions, thereby improving the safety and service life of the photovoltaic panel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 A perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a front view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the main bone; Figure 4 This is a connection diagram of electrical components.

[0025] The symbols of the components are as follows: Umbrella rib assembly 1, umbrella column 11, main rib 12, upper hinge clip 121, pull block 122, slide groove 123, slider 124, upper top block 13, upper hinge block 131, lower top block 14, lower hinge block 141, support rib 15, inner hinge clip 151, outer hinge clip 152, opening and closing assembly 2, upper push seat 21, lower push plate 22, push-pull screw rod 23, drive motor 24, environmental module 3, wind speed and direction sensor 31, temperature and humidity sensor 32, controller 4, transmission assembly 5, active gear 51, reduction gear 52, transmission gear 53, locking seat 6, locking block 7, photoelectric encoder 8. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described below so that those skilled in the art can understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific implementation modes. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the attached claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations utilizing the concept of the present invention are protected.

[0027] Example: like Figure 1-Figure 4As shown, a foldable umbrella-shaped flexible photovoltaic support comprises an umbrella rib assembly 1, an opening and closing assembly 2, an environmental module 3, a controller 4 and a transmission assembly 5; the umbrella rib assembly 1 comprises an umbrella column 11, a main rib 12 radially arranged on the circumference of the umbrella column 11, an upper top block 13, a lower top block 14 and a support rib 15; the upper top block 13 is fixedly arranged at the top end of the umbrella column 11, the upper top block 13 is truncated, and a plurality of upper hinge blocks 131 are radially arranged on the circumference, an upper hinge clamp 121 is arranged on the inner side end of the main rib 12, and the inner side end of the main rib 12 is hinged to the upper hinge block 131 through the upper hinge clamp 121, the lower top block 14 is annular and slidably connected to the umbrella column 11, a plurality of lower hinge blocks 141 are radially arranged on the circumference of the lower top block 14, and the two ends of the support rib 15 are respectively provided with There are inner hinge clips 151 and outer hinge clips 152, the inner hinge clip 151 is hinged on the lower hinge block 141, and the outer hinge clip is hinged on the middle section of the main bone 12; the middle section of the main bone 12 is fixedly provided with a pull block 122, and the outer hinge clip 152 is hinged on the pull block 122; a slide groove 123 is provided on the main bone 12 along the length direction, and two sliders 124 are slidably provided in the slide groove 123, and the photovoltaic panel is fixedly connected to the two sliders 124, and the two sliders 124 are respectively located on both sides of the pull block 122; the opening and closing component 2 includes an upper push seat 21, a lower push plate 22, a push-pull screw rod 23 and a drive motor 24; the upper push seat 21 is fixedly provided on the bottom surface of the lower top block 14, and is slidably penetrated on the umbrella column 11, and the top end of the push-pull screw rod 23 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the upper push seat 21 , the bottom end passes through the lower push plate 22, the driving motor 24 is vertically fixed on the bottom surface of the lower push plate 22, and the driving motor 24 drives the push-pull screw rod 23 to rise and fall through the transmission assembly 5; the top surface of the lower top block 14 is provided with a locking seat 6 through a ring plate, and the bottom surface of the upper top block 13 is provided with a locking block 7 corresponding to the locking seat 6. The top surface of the upper push seat 21 is also provided with a photoelectric encoder 8, and the photoelectric encoder 8 and the locking seat 6 are adjacently arranged. When the locking seat 6 and the locking block 7 are buckled, the umbrella rib assembly 1 is in a fully expanded state; the transmission assembly 5 includes an active tooth 51, a reduction tooth 52 and a transmission tooth 53; the active tooth 51 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the driving motor 24, and the output shaft end of the driving motor 24 passes through the lower push plate 22 and is located above the lower push plate 22, and the reduction tooth 52 rotates The driving tooth 51 is meshed with the deceleration tooth 52, and the transmission tooth 53 is also meshed with the deceleration tooth 52 and is also rotatably connected to the lower push plate 22. The transmission tooth 53 is provided with a through hole in the center, and an internal thread matching the push-pull screw rod 23 is provided on the hole wall of the through hole, and the push-pull screw rod 23 is threadedly connected in the through hole; the environmental module 3 is arranged at the top of the umbrella column 11, and is used to collect environmental wind speed, wind direction, temperature and humidity data; the environmental module 3 includes a wind speed and direction sensor 31 and a temperature and humidity sensor 32, the wind speed and direction sensor 31 is arranged at the top of the upper top block 13, and the temperature and humidity sensor 32 is arranged on the upper push seat 21;The controller 4 is electrically connected to the environment module 3, the opening and closing component 2 and the photoelectric encoder 8, and the controller 4 is used to control the opening and closing component 2 according to the data of the environment module 3; the wind speed and direction sensor 31 adopts RK120-01, the temperature and humidity sensor 32 adopts DHT22, and the photoelectric encoder 8 adopts Renishaw LM10. ;

[0028] By setting the rib assembly 1 and the opening and closing assembly 2, the photovoltaic panel is set on the main rib 12. The rib-shaped photovoltaic bracket is more stable than the traditional bracket. The opening and closing assembly 2 is controlled by the environmental module 3 and the controller 4 according to the environmental data to automatically fold and unfold the rib assembly 1. The degree of automation is higher. The rib assembly 1 can be folded in strong wind weather to reduce wind resistance, protect the photovoltaic panel, and increase the service life of the photovoltaic panel. By setting the upper top block 13 to hinge the bottom end of the support rib 15, the top end of the support rib 15 is hinged to the middle section of the main rib 12, so that the rib assembly 1 can be opened and closed like the rib structure. The structure is simple and easy to manufacture; the upper push seat 21 and the lower top block 14 are fixedly connected, and when the driving motor 24 drives the push-pull screw rod 23 to move up and down through the transmission assembly 5, the upper push seat 21 and the lower top block 14 are pushed to move synchronously, thereby realizing the opening and closing action of the umbrella rib assembly 1; the driving motor 24 drives the active tooth 51 to rotate, the active tooth 51 drives the middle reduction tooth 52 to rotate, and the reduction tooth 52 rotates to drive the transmission tooth 53 meshing with the outer periphery of the reduction tooth 52 to rotate, because the push-pull screw rod 23 is threadedly connected in the transmission tooth 53, and the top end of the push-pull screw rod 23 is fixedly connected, so the transmission tooth 53 is in During the rotation process, the push-pull screw rod 23 will not rotate, but will move up and down in the transmission tooth 53, thereby realizing the opening and closing drive of the umbrella rib assembly 1. The gear transmission kinetic energy loss is small, which can improve the synchronization; the wind speed and direction of the environment can be detected by the wind speed and direction sensor 31, and the temperature and humidity sensor 32 can detect the temperature and humidity of the environment, so as to facilitate the opening and closing control according to the environmental parameters. The temperature and humidity sensor 32 is arranged on the upper push seat 21 to reduce the influence of wind force and prevent exposure to the sun; the photovoltaic panel is fixed by two sliders 124, and the two sliders 124 can be in the slide groove 123 Sliding inward, the pull block 122 serves as a limit device for the two sliders 124. The slider 124 on the inner side of the pull block 122 cannot slide outward any further due to the obstruction of the pull block 122, thereby preventing the photovoltaic panel from falling off the main rib 12. The photovoltaic panel is set to slide to avoid obstructions and adapt to environmental changes. When maintenance is required, the photovoltaic panel can be slid for maintenance, which makes maintenance more convenient. By setting a photoelectric encoder 8 adjacent to the locking seat 6 on the upper push seat 21, the distance between the locking seat 6 and the locking block 7 can be obtained in real time through the photoelectric encoder 8, thereby realizing the automatic opening and closing action of the umbrella rib assembly 1 through the controller 4.

[0029] A control method for controlling the above-mentioned foldable umbrella-shaped flexible photovoltaic support comprises the following steps: S1. According to the data collected by the wind speed and direction sensor 31 and the temperature and humidity sensor 32, the environmental data is obtained, and the environmental data includes wind speed ,wind direction ,temperature and humidity ; S2. Perform sliding average smoothing on the environmental data collected in step S1 to reduce the impact of noise: ; in, is the sliding window size, is the time step The previous chapter The historical environmental data of each time step is sorted into a time series format to obtain the time series data. : ; ; in, is the current time step The time series data below, For time series data The data features of time steps, Data features The wind speed, Data features wind direction, Data features Temperature, Data features Humidity, is the number of the data feature, For time series data Data features of time steps; S3. Normalize the data features to generate normalized time series data ; ; in, For time series data The normalized data features in is the minimum value of the data feature in the time series data, is the maximum value of the data feature in the time series data: S4. Extract time steps in historical environmental data Target wind speed , the target wind speed and time series data As training data, create a training data set : ; in, is the maximum time step of the historical environmental data obtained; S5. Build LSTM model and train the data set Input into the LSTM model and train the LSTM model. The LSTM model includes: Forget Gate: ; Input gate: input time series , the feature dimension of each time series is 4; ; Candidate memory cells: ; Update memory unit: ; Output Gate: ; Hide status updates: ; in, is the forget gate at time step The output, is an activation function with an output range of [0.1], is the weight matrix of the forget gate, is the bias vector of the forget gate, is the hidden state of the previous time step; is the input gate at time step The output of The value range of is [0.1], is the weight matrix of the input gate, is the bias vector of the input gate: is the candidate memory unit at time step The output, is the weight matrix of the candidate memory unit, is the bias vector of the candidate memory unit, It is also an activation function with an output value range of [0.1]; To update the memory unit at time step The output, To update the output of the memory unit at the previous time step, For the output gate at time step The output, is the weight matrix of the output gate, is the bias vector of the output gate: is a hidden state; Hide the state Mapping to predicted wind speed values : ; S6. Predicted wind speed values ​​extracted from the output data of the LSTM model ; Based on the predicted wind speed value Target wind speed Calculating the loss function : ; And optimize and update the parameters of the LSTM model , is the set of weight matrices, is a set of bias vectors: ; is the loss function The corrected gradients for the weight matrix and bias vector, is the learning rate; Until the loss function Converge, output the trained LSTM model, deploy the model, and input the time series data at the current time step As real-time data, output sliding window time series: ; Use the trained LSTM model: , output the future Predicted wind speed in seconds ; S7. According to the real-time wind speed after smoothing and predicted wind speed , determine whether to enter collapsed or expanded mode: When wind speed Or predicted wind speed When the set threshold of 25m / s is exceeded, the folding mode is triggered and the ribs need to be folded; <10m / s and <10m / s triggers the deployment mode and the ribs need to be deployed; if neither of the above two conditions is met, the system remains in the current state; S8. If the control system triggers the folding mode, the relative distance between the locking seat 6 and the locking block 7 is set as the folding target distance, and the folding target distance is defined. , calculate the error signal : ; in, The locking seat 6 and the locking block 7 measured by the photoelectric encoder 8 are in the time step The actual distance; According to the error signal Generate folding control signal : ; in, is the proportional gain; is the integral gain; is the differential gain; From time step 0 to Error integration of time steps, calculating the accumulation of past errors, eliminating steady-state errors, is the time step The error, Indicates that during the integration process [0, ]A dynamic variable in the time step range, scanning each time step in the past time period; is the rate of change of the error in the folding control signal; If the control system triggers the deployment mode, the relative distance between the locking seat 6 and the locking block 7 is set as the deployment target distance, and the deployment target distance is defined as , calculate the expansion target distance and The error signal : ; The expansion control signal is : ; in, To expand the rate of change of the error in the control signal; In order to prevent the ribs from moving too fast or too slow, the folding control signal and expansion control signals All are set within the allowable range of the motor: ; ; is the minimum input signal of the motor, is the maximum input signal of the motor; S9. The output of the drive motor 24 controls the movement of the upper push seat 21, and the actual distance between the locking seat 6 and the locking block 7 is fed back in real time by the photoelectric encoder 8. , cyclically adjust the folding control signal and expansion control signals , until or =0, the folding or unfolding is completed.

Claims

1. A foldable umbrella-shaped flexible photovoltaic support, characterized in that: include: An umbrella rib assembly (1) comprises an umbrella column (11) and main ribs (12) radially arranged on the circumference of the umbrella column (11), and a photovoltaic panel is arranged on the main ribs (12); An opening and closing assembly (2) is arranged on the umbrella column (11) and drives the opening and closing of the main frame (12); An environmental module (3), arranged on the top of the umbrella column (11) and on the opening and closing component (2), and used for collecting environmental wind speed, wind direction, temperature and humidity data; The controller (4) is electrically connected to the environment module (3) and the opening and closing component (2), and the controller (4) is used to control the opening and closing component (2) according to data from the environment module (3).

2. The foldable umbrella-shaped flexible photovoltaic support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The umbrella rib assembly (1) further comprises an upper top block (13), a lower top block (14) and a supporting bone (15); the upper top block (13) is fixedly arranged at the top end of the umbrella column (11); the upper top block (13) is truncated and has a plurality of upper hinge blocks (131) radially arranged on the circumference; the inner side end of the main bone (12) is provided with an upper hinge clamp (121); the inner side end of the main bone (12) is hinged to the upper hinge clamp (121) via the upper hinge clamp (121); On the upper hinge block (131), the lower top block (14) is annular and slidably connected to the umbrella column (11), and a plurality of lower hinge blocks (141) are radially arranged on the circumference of the lower top block (14). An inner hinge clamp (151) and an outer hinge clamp (152) are respectively arranged at both ends of the support bone (15), the inner hinge clamp (151) is hinged to the lower hinge block (141), and the outer hinge clamp is hinged to the middle section of the main bone (12).

3. The foldable umbrella-shaped flexible photovoltaic support according to claim 2, characterized in that: A pull block (122) is fixedly provided at the middle section of the main bone (12), and the external hinge clamp (152) is hingedly connected to the pull block (122).

4. The foldable umbrella-shaped flexible photovoltaic support according to claim 3, characterized in that: The opening and closing assembly (2) comprises an upper push seat (21), a lower push plate (22), a push-pull screw rod (23) and a drive motor (24); the upper push seat (21) is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the lower top block (14) and slidably penetrated on the umbrella column (11); the top end of the push-pull screw rod (23) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the upper push seat (21) and the bottom end penetrates the lower push plate (22); the drive motor (24) is vertically fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the lower push plate (22); the drive motor (24) drives the push-pull screw rod (23) to rise and fall through the transmission assembly (5).

5. The foldable umbrella-shaped flexible photovoltaic support according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transmission assembly (5) comprises a driving tooth (51), a reduction tooth (52) and a transmission tooth (53); the driving tooth (51) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the driving motor (24); the output shaft end of the driving motor (24) passes through the lower push plate (22) and is located above the lower push plate (22); the reduction tooth (52) is rotatably connected to the center of the lower push plate (22); and a through hole for the umbrella column (11) to pass through is provided in the center of the reduction tooth (52); the driving tooth (51) is meshed with the reduction tooth (52); the transmission tooth (53) is also meshed with the reduction tooth (52) and is also rotatably connected to the lower push plate (22); a through hole is provided in the center of the transmission tooth (53); an internal thread matching the push-pull screw rod (23) is provided on the hole wall of the through hole; and the push-pull screw rod (23) is threadedly connected in the through hole.

6. The foldable umbrella-shaped flexible photovoltaic support according to claim 5, characterized in that: The environmental module (3) comprises a wind speed and direction sensor (31) and a temperature and humidity sensor (32); the wind speed and direction sensor (31) is arranged on the top of the upper top block (13); and the temperature and humidity sensor (32) is arranged on the upper push seat (21).

7. The foldable umbrella-shaped flexible photovoltaic support according to claim 4, characterized in that: A sliding groove (123) is provided on the main bone (12) along the length direction, two sliding blocks (124) are slidingly arranged in the sliding groove (123), the photovoltaic panel is fixedly connected to the two sliding blocks (124), and the two sliding blocks (124) are respectively located on both sides of the pulling block (122).

8. The foldable umbrella-shaped flexible photovoltaic support according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top surface of the lower top block (14) is provided with a locking seat (6) through a ring plate, and the bottom surface of the upper top block (13) is provided with a locking block (7) corresponding to the locking seat (6). The top surface of the upper push seat (21) is also provided with a photoelectric encoder (8). The photoelectric encoder (8) and the locking seat (6) are arranged adjacent to each other. When the locking seat (6) and the locking block (7) are buckled, the umbrella rib assembly (1) is in a fully unfolded state, and the photoelectric encoder (8) and the controller (4) are electrically connected.

9. A control method for controlling the foldable umbrella-shaped flexible photovoltaic support according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Obtain environmental data based on the data collected by the wind speed and direction sensor (31) and the temperature and humidity sensor (32), the environmental data including wind speed ,wind direction ,temperature and humidity ; S2. Perform sliding average smoothing on the environmental data collected in step S1 to reduce the impact of noise: ； in, is the sliding window size, is the time step The previous chapter The historical environmental data of each time step is sorted into a time series format to obtain the time series data. : ； ； in, is the current time step The time series data below, For time series data The data features of time steps, Data features The wind speed, Data features wind direction, Data features Temperature, Data features Humidity, is the number of the data feature, For time series data Data features of time steps; S3. Normalize the data features to generate normalized time series data ; ； in, For time series data The normalized data features in is the minimum value of the data feature in the time series data, is the maximum value of the data feature in the time series data: S4. Extract time steps in historical environmental data Target wind speed , the target wind speed and time series data As training data, create a training data set : ； in, is the maximum time step of the historical environmental data obtained; S5. Build LSTM model and train the data set Input into the LSTM model and train the LSTM model. The LSTM model includes: Forget Gate: ; Input gate: input time series , the feature dimension of each time series is 4; ； Candidate memory cells: ； Update memory unit: ； Output Gate: ； Hide status updates: ； in, is the forget gate at time step The output, is an activation function with an output range of [0.1], is the weight matrix of the forget gate, is the bias vector of the forget gate, is the hidden state of the previous time step; is the input gate at time step The output of The value range of is [0.1], is the weight matrix of the input gate, is the bias vector of the input gate: is the candidate memory unit at time step The output, is the weight matrix of the candidate memory unit, is the bias vector of the candidate memory unit, It is also an activation function with an output value range of [0.1]; To update the memory unit at time step The output, To update the output of the memory unit at the previous time step, For the output gate at time step The output, is the weight matrix of the output gate, is the bias vector of the output gate: is a hidden state; Hide the state Mapping to predicted wind speed values : ； S6. Predicted wind speed values ​​extracted from the output data of the LSTM model ; Based on the predicted wind speed value Target wind speed Calculating the loss function : ； And optimize and update the parameters of the LSTM model , is the set of weight matrices, is a set of bias vectors: ； is the loss function The corrected gradients for the weight matrix and bias vector, is the learning rate; Until the loss function Converge, output the trained LSTM model, deploy the model, and input the time series data at the current time step As real-time data, output sliding window time series: ； Use the trained LSTM model: , output the future Predicted wind speed in seconds ; S7. According to the real-time wind speed after smoothing and predicted wind speed , determine whether to enter collapsed or expanded mode: When wind speed Or predicted wind speed When the set threshold of 25m / s is exceeded, the folding mode is triggered and the ribs need to be folded; <10m / s and <10m / s triggers the deployment mode and the ribs need to be deployed; if neither of the above two conditions is met, the system remains in the current state; S8. If the control system triggers the folding mode, the relative distance between the locking seat (6) and the locking block (7) is set as the folding target distance, and the folding target distance is defined , calculate the error signal : ； in, The locking seat (6) and the locking block (7) measured by the photoelectric encoder (8) at the time step The actual distance; According to the error signal Generate folding control signal : ； in, is the proportional gain; is the integral gain; is the differential gain; From time step 0 to The error integral over the time step, is the time step The error, represents the dynamic variables during the integration process, is the rate of change of the error in the folding control signal; If the control system triggers the deployment mode, the relative distance between the locking seat (6) and the locking block (7) is set as the deployment target distance, and the deployment target distance is defined as , calculate the expansion target distance and The error signal : ； The expansion control signal is : ； in, To expand the rate of change of the error in the control signal; In order to prevent the ribs from moving too fast or too slow, the folding control signal and expansion control signals All are set within the allowable range of the motor: ； ； is the minimum input signal of the motor, is the maximum input signal of the motor; S9. The output of the driving motor (24) controls the movement of the push seat (21), and the actual distance between the locking seat (6) and the locking block (7) is fed back in real time through the photoelectric encoder (8). , cyclically adjust the folding control signal and expansion control signals , until or =0, the folding or unfolding is completed.

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