Edge device management method, device, equipment, medium and product
By obtaining the base station information of the edge device, determining its location and selecting a suitable edge platform, the problem of poor positioning accuracy of edge devices in outdoor or mobile scenarios is solved, and high accuracy access to edge devices is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510067871.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-15
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2045-01-15
AI Technical Summary
When edge devices are positioned and connected to edge platforms, their accuracy is poor, especially in outdoor or mobile scenarios, where WIFI signal positioning methods have limitations.
By obtaining the base station information sent by the edge device, determining the location information of the edge device, and selecting a suitable edge platform based on the location information, sending the access address of the target platform to the edge device to achieve accurate access.
Improve the accuracy of edge devices accessing edge platforms. Whether indoors and outdoors or in mobile scenarios, the device management platform can accurately locate the target platform, allowing edge devices to accurately access and use the computing resources of edge platforms.
Smart Images

Figure CN119893543A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the field of Internet of Things, and in particular to a management method, device, equipment, medium and product for edge devices. Background Art
[0002] The IoT management platform generally has an architecture of one central platform and multiple edge platforms. It can be understood that the computing power of the central platform is transferred to the edge platform. By connecting to the edge platform, edge devices can use the computing power resources of the edge platform of the IoT management platform with low latency.
[0003] The current way for edge devices to locate edge platforms is to use wireless network communication technology WIFI signals for positioning. However, positioning through WIFI signals is only suitable for indoor scenarios with WIFI signals, which has certain limitations.
[0004] Therefore, edge devices face the problem of poor accuracy in positioning and accessing edge platforms. Summary of the invention
[0005] The present application provides an edge device management method, apparatus, equipment, medium and product to solve the technical problem of poor accuracy in edge device positioning and access to an edge platform.
[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a management method for an edge device, which is applied to an electronic device, wherein a device management platform is deployed in the electronic device, the device management platform is used to manage edge devices and edge platforms, the edge platform is used to provide computing resources for edge devices, and an integrated circuit card is installed in the edge device, the method comprising:
[0007] Acquire base station information sent by the edge device; wherein the base station information represents radio frequency signals sent by multiple base stations received by the integrated circuit card in the edge device;
[0008] Determine the location information of the edge device based on the base station information;
[0009] Determine an edge platform corresponding to the location information of the edge device as the target platform;
[0010] The access address of the target platform is sent to the edge device; wherein the access address is used to connect the edge device to the target platform.
[0011] Optionally, as in the above method, determining the location information of the edge device according to the base station information includes:
[0012] Determine location information of multiple base stations according to the base station information;
[0013] The location information of the edge device is determined based on the location information of multiple base stations.
[0014] Optionally, as in the above method, determining the location information of multiple base stations according to the base station information includes:
[0015] Acquire identification information of each base station among the multiple base stations from the base station information;
[0016] Based on a preset first association relationship, the location information corresponding to the identification information of the base station is determined; wherein the preset first association relationship represents the association relationship between the identification information and the location information of the base station.
[0017] Optionally, as in the above method, determining the location information of the edge device according to the location information of multiple base stations includes:
[0018] Acquire the signal strength of the radio frequency signal sent by each base station from the base station information;
[0019] The location information of the edge device is determined according to the location information of the multiple base stations and the signal strength of the radio frequency signals sent by the multiple base stations.
[0020] Optionally, as in the above method, determining the edge platform corresponding to the location information of the edge device as the target platform includes:
[0021] Determine the area range to which the location information of the edge device belongs, which is the target range;
[0022] According to the preset second association relationship, the edge platform corresponding to the target range is determined as the target platform; wherein the preset second association relationship represents the association relationship between the regional range and the edge platform.
[0023] Optionally, as in the above method, determining the edge platform corresponding to the target range as the target platform according to the preset second association relationship includes:
[0024] According to the preset second association relationship, an edge platform corresponding to the target range is determined as the initial platform;
[0025] If the current remaining resource amount of the initial platform is equal to or greater than a preset resource amount threshold, the initial platform is determined to be the target platform.
[0026] Optionally, the method as described above further includes:
[0027] If the current remaining resource amount of the initial platform is less than the preset resource amount threshold, then determine the adjacent platform of the initial platform; wherein the adjacent platform represents the edge platform closest to the initial platform;
[0028] An adjacent platform is determined as a target platform.
[0029] Optionally, as in the above method, sending the access address of the target platform to the edge device includes:
[0030] Obtain the current access address of the edge device; wherein the current access address represents the edge platform to which the edge device is currently connected;
[0031] If the access address of the target platform is inconsistent with the current access address, the access address of the target platform is sent to the edge device.
[0032] Optionally, the method as described above further includes:
[0033] Obtaining authentication information of the edge device; wherein the authentication information represents the attributes of the edge device;
[0034] The authentication information is sent to the target platform; wherein the authentication information is used to instruct the target platform to verify the edge device. If the verification passes, the edge device is allowed to access the target platform.
[0035] In a second aspect, the present application provides a management device for an edge device, including:
[0036] An acquisition unit, configured to acquire base station information sent by an edge device; wherein the base station information represents radio frequency signals sent by multiple base stations and received by an integrated circuit card in the edge device;
[0037] A first determining unit, configured to determine location information of an edge device according to base station information;
[0038] A second determining unit is used to determine an edge platform corresponding to the location information of the edge device as a target platform;
[0039] The sending unit is used to send the access address of the target platform to the edge device; wherein the access address is used to connect the edge device to the target platform.
[0040] In a third aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, including: a memory, a processor;
[0041] Memory stores computer-executable instructions;
[0042] The processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory, so that the processor executes the above first aspect and / or various possible implementations of the first aspect.
[0043] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer-executable instructions are stored. When the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor, they are used to implement the above first aspect and / or various possible implementations of the first aspect.
[0044] In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a computer program product, comprising: a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above first aspect and / or various possible implementations of the first aspect.
[0045] The present application provides a management method, device, equipment, medium and product for edge devices. The method of the present application is applied to electronic devices, in which a device management platform is deployed, the device management platform is used to manage edge devices and edge platforms, the edge platform is used to provide computing resources for edge devices, and an integrated circuit card is installed in the edge device. The method of the present application obtains the base station information sent by the edge device, further, according to the base station information, determines the location information of the edge device, further, determines the edge platform corresponding to the location information of the edge device as the target platform, and sends the access address of the target platform to the edge device; wherein the base station information represents the radio frequency signals sent by multiple base stations received by the integrated circuit card in the edge device, and the access address is used to access the edge device to the target platform. By determining the location information and target platform of the edge device according to the base station information, the limitation of WIFI signal positioning the target platform is solved, so that the edge device can accurately locate the target platform whether it is in a static scene indoors or outdoors or in a moving scene outdoors, so that the edge device can accurately access the target platform and use the computing resources of the target platform. The management method of edge devices provided by the present application improves the accuracy of edge devices accessing the edge platform. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0046] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.
[0047] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a scenario of an edge device management method provided in this application;
[0048] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a process for managing an edge device provided in this application Figure 1 ;
[0049] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a process for managing an edge device provided in this application Figure 2 ;
[0050] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a process for managing an edge device provided in this application Figure 3 ;
[0051] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a process for managing an edge device provided in this application Figure 4 ;
[0052] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of an edge device management device provided in this application Figure 1 ;
[0053] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of an edge device management device provided in this application Figure 2 ;
[0054] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in this application.
[0055] The above drawings have shown clear embodiments of the present application, which will be described in more detail later. These drawings and text descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, but to illustrate the concept of the present application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0056] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementations consistent with the present application. Instead, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.
[0057] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of relevant data must comply with relevant laws, regulations and standards, and provide corresponding operation entrances for users to choose to authorize or refuse.
[0058] First, the terms involved in this application are explained:
[0059] The IoT device management platform, also known as the IoT management platform or device management platform, is a comprehensive management platform that integrates IoT technology and cloud computing technology, and is designed to achieve comprehensive monitoring, management and optimization of various IoT devices. The platform provides efficient and intelligent device management solutions for enterprises and users by providing functions such as device access, data collection, real-time monitoring, remote control, data analysis and alarm.
[0060] The Internet of Things connection management platform, also known as the connection management platform, is a platform for managing Internet of Things cards. It can manage the card status, rate plan and network node status. The Internet of Things card can be an integrated circuit card.
[0061] IoT devices refer to devices that connect any object to the network through information sensing devices in accordance with agreed protocols to achieve intelligent identification, positioning, supervision and other functions. IoT devices can collect, exchange and analyze data through embedded sensors, software and network connections, thereby achieving more efficient and intelligent functions and services.
[0062] Edge devices may refer to devices located at the edge of a network and used for data collection. In this application, edge devices may be IoT devices.
[0063] In the existing technology, in the IoT management platform, cloud-edge collaboration is an indispensable function. In actual business scenarios, there is generally an architecture of a central platform and multiple edge platforms. Cloud-edge collaboration can be understood as sinking the computing resources of the central platform to the edge platform. By connecting to the edge platform, edge devices can use the computing resources of the edge platform with low latency.
[0064] Exemplarily, after the edge device is connected to the edge platform, it can use the computing resources of the edge platform with low latency to perform operations such as data processing and data analysis. Specifically, the edge device can send the collected data to the edge platform, and the edge platform will perform operations such as cleaning, conversion, aggregation, model training, and result prediction on the data, and return the results of the data processing to the edge device, so that the edge device can realize relevant functions of scenarios such as intelligent monitoring and model training.
[0065] The current way for edge devices to locate edge platforms is to locate them through WIFI signals, thereby obtaining the access address of nearby edge platforms and using the computing resources of edge platforms with low latency.
[0066] However, positioning through WIFI signals is only suitable for indoor scenarios where WIFI signals are available, and is not suitable for outdoor scenarios, such as moving vehicles.
[0067] Therefore, edge devices face the problem of poor accuracy in positioning and accessing edge platforms.
[0068] The present application provides a management method, device, equipment, medium and product for edge devices. The method of the present application is applied to electronic devices, in which a device management platform is deployed, the device management platform is used to manage edge devices and edge platforms, the edge platform is used to provide computing resources for edge devices, and an integrated circuit card is installed in the edge device. The method of the present application obtains the base station information sent by the edge device, further, according to the base station information, determines the location information of the edge device, further, determines the edge platform corresponding to the location information of the edge device as the target platform, and sends the access address of the target platform to the edge device; wherein the base station information represents the radio frequency signals sent by multiple base stations received by the integrated circuit card in the edge device, and the access address is used to access the edge device to the target platform. By determining the location information and target platform of the edge device according to the base station information, the limitation of WIFI signal positioning the target platform is solved, so that the edge device can accurately locate the target platform whether it is in a static scene indoors or outdoors or in a moving scene outdoors, so that the edge device can accurately access the target platform and use the computing resources of the target platform. The management method of edge devices provided by the present application improves the accuracy of edge devices accessing the edge platform.
[0069] The technical solution of the present application and how the technical solution of the present application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments. The embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0070] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a scenario of an edge device management method provided in this application, such as Figure 1 As shown, this scenario includes at least a device management platform, a connection management platform, an edge device, and an edge platform.
[0071] The device management platform is used to manage edge devices and edge platforms. Exemplarily, there may be multiple edge devices and multiple edge platforms.
[0072] In this embodiment, the device management platform may refer to a central platform, which is used to manage edge platforms. The edge platforms may be distributed to different regions. The central platform sinks computing resources to the edge platforms so that when edge devices access the edge platforms, they can use the computing resources of the edge platforms with low latency. It can be understood that the edge platform can provide low-latency computing resources for edge devices near the edge platform. Low latency can be understood as low latency for edge devices to use computing resources, and high efficiency and speed in computing resources to process computing tasks of edge devices.
[0073] Edge devices can refer to IoT devices or other devices, such as cars, trains, mobile phones, etc. It is understandable that edge devices have the need to use computing resources with low latency. It should be noted that the device needs to be registered on the device management platform. After the registration is completed, the device management platform can identify the device as an edge device and manage the edge device. Exemplarily, the edge device has a unique account in the device management platform.
[0074] In a possible implementation, an integrated circuit card is provided in the edge device, and the integrated circuit card may be an Internet of Things card, and the integrated circuit card realizes the Internet access function through the base station. It should be noted that the integrated circuit card has been pre-registered in the connection management platform, and the connection management platform is used to manage the integrated circuit card. Exemplarily, the integrated circuit card also has a unique account in the connection management platform, and according to the account of the integrated circuit card in the connection management platform, the flow usage, activation status and other information of the integrated circuit card can be queried.
[0075] In one possible implementation, the account of the edge device in the device management platform and the account of the integrated circuit card in the edge device in the connection management platform are bound to achieve the geographical location of the integrated circuit card being the geographical location of the edge device. Specifically, when the device management platform accesses the interface of the connection management platform, based on the one-to-one correspondence between the account of the edge device in the device management platform and the account of the integrated circuit card in the edge device in the connection management platform, the device management platform can obtain relevant information of the integrated circuit card in the edge device, such as traffic usage, activation status, location information, etc.
[0076] Exemplarily, the account of a single edge device in the device management platform can be bound to the account of the integrated circuit card in the edge device in the connection management platform, or the accounts of multiple edge devices in the device management platform can be bound to the accounts of the integrated circuit cards in the edge devices in the connection management platform through batch binding.
[0077] For example, Figure 1As shown, the edge device can be a car. The car is at a certain geographical location. The integrated circuit card in the edge device car obtains the base station information of base station A by surfing the Internet, where surfing the Internet can refer to establishing a connection with base station A. The edge device car reports the base station information of base station A to the device management platform. The device management platform combines the management ability of the integrated circuit card of the connection management platform to obtain the location information of the integrated circuit card in the edge device car as the location information of the edge device car, and determines edge platform 1 as the target edge platform based on the location information of the edge device car, sends the access address of edge platform 1 to the edge device car, and sends the authentication information of the edge device car to edge platform 1, so that the edge device car can successfully access edge platform 1 and use the computing power resources of edge platform 1 with low latency.
[0078] As the edge device car moves, the distance between the edge device car and edge platform 1 gradually increases, and the low latency advantage of the edge device car using the computing resources of edge platform 1 gradually weakens. The distance between the edge device car and base station A also gradually increases until the distance between the edge device car and base station B is closer. At this time, the integrated circuit card in the edge device car obtains the base station information of base station B through the Internet, and the edge device car reports the base station information of base station B to the device management platform. The device management platform combines the management capabilities of the integrated circuit card of the connection management platform to obtain the location information of the integrated circuit card in the edge device car as the location information of the edge device car, and determines edge platform 2 as the target edge platform based on the location information of the edge device car, sends the access address of edge platform 2 to the edge device car, and sends the authentication information of the edge device car to edge platform 2, so that the edge device car can successfully access edge platform 2 and use the computing resources of edge platform 2 with low latency.
[0079] It should be noted that base station A can be a combination of multiple base stations. For example, base station A can include base station a, base station b, base station c, etc. The distance between the geographical locations of each base station in base station A is less than a preset distance threshold. Exemplarily, the preset distance threshold can be 20 meters. The edge device car is connected to one of the base stations in base station A, and the same applies to base station B.
[0080] The edge device management method provided by the present application solves the limitation of WIFI signal positioning the target platform by determining the location information and target platform of the edge device according to the base station information, so that the device management platform can accurately locate the target platform whether the edge device is in a static scene indoors or outdoors or in a moving scene outdoors, so that the edge device can accurately access the target platform and use the computing power resources of the target platform. The edge device management method provided by the present application improves the accuracy of edge device access to the edge platform.
[0081] Figure 2A schematic diagram of a process for managing an edge device provided in this application Figure 1 The method can be applied to electronic devices, in which a device management platform is deployed, the device management platform is used to manage edge devices and edge platforms, the edge platform is used to provide computing resources for edge devices, and an integrated circuit card is installed in the edge device. The execution subject of the method can be an electronic device, a server, a host or other devices, such as Figure 2 As shown, the method may include:
[0082] S201. Acquire base station information sent by an edge device; wherein the base station information represents radio frequency signals sent by multiple base stations and received by an integrated circuit card in the edge device.
[0083] Among them, the edge device can be a device that is pre-registered on the device management platform, and the edge device can be a car, a smart phone, an Internet of Things device, etc.
[0084] An integrated circuit card is installed in the edge device, and the integrated circuit card can receive radio frequency signals from multiple base stations around it. For a radio frequency signal sent by a base station, the base station information represented by the radio frequency signal may include the base station identifier of the base station, and the signal strength of the radio frequency signal sent by the base station received by the edge device. For radio frequency signals sent by multiple base stations received by the integrated circuit card in the edge device, the base station information may include the base station identifiers of the multiple base stations, and the signal strength of the radio frequency signals sent by each base station received by the edge device.
[0085] In a possible implementation, the edge device sends base station information to the device management platform at a preset time frequency. For example, the edge device sends base station information to the device management platform every minute. The base station information is a radio frequency signal sent by multiple base stations around the location of the integrated circuit card in the edge device at that time. The device management platform receives the base station information sent by the edge device.
[0086] S202: Determine the location information of the edge device according to the base station information.
[0087] Among them, since an integrated circuit card is installed in the edge device, the integrated circuit card is used to receive radio frequency signals sent by multiple base stations, that is, base station information. The device management platform can determine the location information of the integrated circuit card in the edge device based on the base station information. It can be understood that the location information of the integrated circuit card can be the location information of the edge device.
[0088] In a possible implementation, the device management platform is connected to the interface of the connection management platform, and the connection management platform is used to manage the integrated circuit card. The account of the edge device in the device management platform and the account of the integrated circuit card in the edge device in the connection management platform are in a one-to-one correspondence. It can be understood that the device management platform can determine the identification information of the integrated circuit card in the edge device based on the edge device, and further, based on the identification information of the integrated circuit card in the edge device, obtain the relevant information of the integrated circuit card in the edge device, such as traffic usage, activation status, location information, etc. Among them, the location information of the integrated circuit card is the location information of the edge device.
[0089] Exemplarily, the connection management platform accessed by the device management platform determines the location information of the integrated circuit card in the edge device, which may include but is not limited to triangulation positioning method and time difference measurement method. The method of determining the location information of the edge device based on the base station information is not limited here.
[0090] Among them, the triangulation positioning method may include obtaining the identification and signal strength of each base station among at least three base stations in the base station information; determining the location of each base station based on the identification of each base station; using a preset path loss model to predict the distance between the edge device and each base station based on the signal strength corresponding to each base station, and determining the location of the edge device using the geometric relationship of the triangle.
[0091] The time difference measurement method may include obtaining the arrival time of the signals sent by the edge device received by multiple base stations, calculating the time difference between the signals sent by the edge device arriving at the multiple base stations, and calculating the position of the edge device by the hyperbola positioning method based on the time difference between the signals sent by the edge device arriving at the multiple base stations. The hyperbola positioning method can be understood as forming a hyperbola with the time difference between every two base stations, and the position of the edge device is located at the intersection of each hyperbola.
[0092] S203: Determine an edge platform corresponding to the location information of the edge device as the target platform.
[0093] Among them, the target platform may refer to an edge platform used to provide low-latency computing resources to edge devices.
[0094] In an optional implementation, the device management platform stores the location information of all edge platforms, and by calculating the distance between the location information of the edge device and the location information of each edge platform, the edge platform closest to the location information of the edge device is selected as the target platform.
[0095] It should be noted that the edge platform corresponding to the location information of the edge device can also be determined by other corresponding relationships. For example, the types of computing resources provided by the edge platform are different. The edge platform corresponding to the edge device can be determined as the target platform according to the type of computing resources requested by the edge device. How to determine the target platform is not limited here.
[0096] S204. Send the access address of the target platform to the edge device; wherein the access address is used to connect the edge device to the target platform.
[0097] The access address may refer to the address or port through which the edge device accesses the target platform, and the edge device may send an access request to the target platform according to the access address.
[0098] Exemplarily, the access address of the target platform may be an IP (Internet Protocol) address, such as 8.8.8.8.
[0099] In an optional implementation, step S204 may include:
[0100] Obtain the current access address of the edge device; wherein the current access address represents the edge platform to which the edge device is currently connected; if the access address of the target platform is inconsistent with the current access address, the access address of the target platform is sent to the edge device.
[0101] The current access address may refer to the access address of the edge platform to which the edge device is currently connected.
[0102] Exemplarily, if the current access address is 6.6.6.6 and the access address of the target platform is 8.8.8.8, the access address of the target platform is inconsistent with the current access address, and the access address 8.8.8.8 of the target platform is sent to the edge device to enable the edge device to access the target platform.
[0103] If the current access address is 8.8.8.8 and the access address of the target platform is 8.8.8.8, that is, the access address of the target platform is consistent with the current access address, the access address of the target platform will not be sent to the edge device, and the edge device will continue to maintain the connection with the edge platform corresponding to the access address to use the low-latency computing resources of the edge platform corresponding to the access address.
[0104] The beneficial effect of such a setting is that by obtaining the current access address of the edge device and determining whether it is consistent with the access address of the target platform, unnecessary communication interactions between the device management platform, the edge device, and the target platform can be effectively avoided, thereby improving the connection efficiency and stability between the edge device and the target platform. Specifically, when the access address is inconsistent, the access address of the target platform is sent to the edge device in a timely manner so that the edge device can quickly switch to a more suitable target platform to utilize the low-latency computing power resources of the target platform and optimize the performance and user experience of the edge device. When the access address is consistent, the current connection is maintained to avoid the overhead caused by frequent switching and ensure that the edge device can continuously and stably use the computing power resources of the currently connected edge platform.
[0105] In an optional implementation, the above steps may further include:
[0106] Obtain authentication information of the edge device; wherein the authentication information represents the attributes of the edge device; send the authentication information to the target platform; wherein the authentication information is used to instruct the target platform to verify the edge device, and if the verification passes, the edge device is allowed to access the target platform.
[0107] The authentication information of the edge device may refer to the attribute information of the edge device, such as the type of the edge device, the ID (Identity Document) of the edge device, user identity information, digital certificate, etc.
[0108] By sending the authentication information to the target platform, the target platform can authenticate the edge device according to the authentication information. Specifically, the target platform checks whether the authentication information of the edge device meets the access requirements according to the preset security policies and rules.
[0109] If the verification is successful, when the edge device initiates an access request to the target platform according to the access address of the target platform, the edge device is allowed to access the target platform.
[0110] If the verification fails, when the target platform receives an access request from the edge device, the edge device is not allowed to access the target platform.
[0111] The beneficial effect of this setting is that the edge platform verifies the authentication information to ensure that only edge devices that have passed the verification can access the target platform, which can effectively prevent potential security threats and attacks faced by the edge platform.
[0112] The edge device management method provided by the present application solves the limitation of WIFI signal positioning the target platform by determining the location information and target platform of the edge device according to the base station information, so that the device management platform can accurately locate the target platform whether the edge device is in a static scene indoors or outdoors or in a moving scene outdoors, so that the edge device can accurately access the target platform and use the computing power resources of the target platform. At the same time, the edge platform improves the security of the interaction between the edge device and the edge platform by verifying the authentication information. The edge device management method provided by the present application improves the accuracy of edge device access to the edge platform.
[0113] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a process for managing an edge device provided in this application Figure 2 The execution subject of the method may be an electronic device, a server, a host or other device, such as Figure 3 As shown, the method may include:
[0114] S301. Acquire base station information sent by an edge device; wherein the base station information represents radio frequency signals sent by multiple base stations and received by an integrated circuit card in the edge device.
[0115] Exemplarily, this step may refer to the above-mentioned step S201 and will not be described in detail.
[0116] S302: Determine location information of multiple base stations according to the base station information.
[0117] It can be understood that the base station information represents the radio frequency signals sent by multiple base stations and received by the integrated circuit card in the edge device, and the base station information can be information from multiple base stations.
[0118] In an optional implementation, step S302 may include:
[0119] Obtain identification information of each base station in multiple base stations from the base station information; determine the location information corresponding to the identification information of the base station based on a preset first association relationship; wherein the preset first association relationship represents the association relationship between the identification information and the location information of the base station.
[0120] Among them, the identification information of the base station may refer to information that uniquely identifies the base station. By way of example, the identification information of the base station may include but is not limited to MCC (Mobile Country Code), MNC (Mobile Network Code), LAC (Location Area Code), and CID (Cell ID).
[0121] The preset first relationship represents the association relationship between the identification information of the base station and the location information of the base station.
[0122] In a possible implementation, a preset first association database is provided in the execution subject of the method, which is used to store the association between the identification information of the base station and the location information of the base station. By querying the database according to the identification information of the base station, the location information corresponding to the identification information of the base station can be obtained. Exemplarily, the location information includes the longitude and latitude coordinates of the base station.
[0123] The beneficial effect of such a setting is that by directly querying the preset association relationship database, a complicated calculation process is avoided, the method of obtaining the base station location information is simplified, and the efficiency of locating the base station is improved.
[0124] S303: Determine the location information of the edge device according to the location information of multiple base stations.
[0125] In a possible implementation, the base station information represents radio frequency signals sent by three base stations and received by the integrated circuit card in the edge device. The location information of the edge device can be determined through the location information of the three base stations.
[0126] In an optional implementation, step S303 may include:
[0127] The signal strength of the radio frequency signal sent by each base station is obtained from the base station information; the location information of the edge device is determined according to the location information of multiple base stations and the signal strength of the radio frequency signals sent by multiple base stations.
[0128] The signal strength of the RF signal may refer to the strength of the electric field or magnetic field of the RF signal at the edge device, which is usually expressed in units of power.
[0129] It can be understood that the greater the transmission power of the base station, the greater the initial strength of the RF signal. For example, when the transmission power of the base station is 20W, the initial strength of the RF signal is high. At the same time, since the energy of the RF signal diffuses in space, the energy density per unit area decreases, and the RF signal attenuates as the distance increases during the propagation process. The farther the distance, the weaker the RF signal strength.
[0130] Exemplarily, the signal strength of the radio frequency signal sent by the base station is input into a preset signal propagation model (e.g., a logarithmic distance path loss model), and the distance between the edge device and the base station can be output. The signal strength of the radio frequency signal sent by each base station is input into a preset signal propagation model, and the distance between the edge device and each base station can be output.
[0131] Based on the location information of multiple base stations and the distance between the edge device and each base station, the multi-lateral positioning method can be used to determine the location information of the edge device. Specifically, it can include: taking the location of each base station as the center of the circle and the distance between the edge device and each base station as the radius, and drawing multiple circles. The location of the edge device is the intersection of multiple circles or the center of the intersection area.
[0132] The beneficial effect of such a setting is that the signal strength of the radio frequency signal sent by each base station is obtained from the base station information, and combined with the location information of multiple base stations, the signal strength is inversely proportional to the distance, and algorithms such as multilateration are used to determine the location of the edge device. This method can effectively locate edge devices in environments where WIFI signals are limited or unavailable, such as outdoors and in urban canyons, so as to improve the accuracy and reliability of edge platform positioning.
[0133] S304: Determine an edge platform corresponding to the location information of the edge device as the target platform.
[0134] Exemplarily, this step may refer to the above-mentioned step S203 and will not be described in detail.
[0135] S305. Send the access address of the target platform to the edge device; wherein the access address is used to connect the edge device to the target platform.
[0136] Exemplarily, this step may refer to the above-mentioned step S204 and will not be described in detail.
[0137] The edge device management method provided in the present application can accurately determine the location information of multiple base stations by obtaining the base station information sent by the edge device, and calculate the location of the edge device by using the location information of multiple base stations and the signal strength of the radio frequency signal sent by the base station. This process not only improves the accuracy of edge device positioning, but also provides a reliable basis for the edge device to select and access the edge platform. By sending the access address of the target platform corresponding to the edge device location information to the edge device, efficient access to the device can be achieved, ensuring that the edge device can quickly and stably use the resources and services of the target platform, thereby optimizing the performance of the device and user experience. The edge device management method provided in the present application improves the accuracy of edge device access to the edge platform.
[0138] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a process for managing an edge device provided in this application Figure 3 The execution subject of the method may be an electronic device, a server, a host or other device, such as Figure 4 As shown, the method may include:
[0139] S401. Acquire base station information sent by an edge device; wherein the base station information represents radio frequency signals sent by multiple base stations and received by an integrated circuit card in the edge device.
[0140] Exemplarily, this step may refer to the above-mentioned step S201 and will not be described in detail.
[0141] S402: Determine the location information of the edge device according to the base station information.
[0142] Exemplarily, this step may refer to the above-mentioned step S202 and will not be described in detail.
[0143] S403: Determine the area range to which the location information of the edge device belongs, which is the target range.
[0144] It can be understood that in order to more effectively manage and allocate computing resources of the edge platform, the entire service area faced by the device management platform can be divided into multiple sub-areas based on factors such as geographical location, business needs, and network coverage. Each sub-area has a corresponding relationship with the edge platform. By determining the area range to which the edge device belongs as the target range, it is helpful to determine the edge platform that the edge device can access.
[0145] Exemplarily, the scope of the city can be used as the regional scope to which the location information of the edge device belongs. For example, if the latitude and longitude coordinates of the location information of the edge device fall within the regional scope of city A, then the regional scope to which the location information of the edge device belongs is the regional scope of city A, and the regional scope of city A is the target range.
[0146] S404. According to a preset second association relationship, determine an edge platform corresponding to the target range as the target platform; wherein the preset second association relationship represents an association relationship between the regional range and the edge platform.
[0147] The preset second association relationship may refer to an association relationship between the area to which the location information of the edge device belongs and the edge platform.
[0148] In a possible implementation, a preset second association relationship database is provided in the execution body of the method, which is used to store the association relationship between the regional range and the edge platform.
[0149] Exemplarily, if the target range A is associated with the edge platform X, when the edge device is located in the target range A, the edge platform corresponding to the target range A is the edge platform X, and the edge platform X is the target platform.
[0150] In an optional implementation, step S404 may include:
[0151] According to the preset second association relationship, the edge platform corresponding to the target range is determined as the initial platform; if the current remaining resource amount of the initial platform is equal to or greater than the preset resource amount threshold, the initial platform is determined to be the target platform.
[0152] Here, the resource volume may refer to the capacity of the computing resources of the edge platform, such as 2TB (terabyte).
[0153] The preset resource amount threshold can be used to evaluate whether the edge platform has sufficient computing resources to meet the needs of the edge device. Exemplarily, the preset resource amount threshold can be 1TB.
[0154] Exemplarily, if the current remaining resource amount is 2 TB, which is greater than the preset resource amount threshold of 1 TB, the initial platform is determined to be the target platform.
[0155] The beneficial effect of such a setting is that by taking the edge platform whose current remaining resources are equal to or greater than the preset resource threshold as the target platform, the resource utilization and service quality of the edge platform are improved, and service delays or interruptions caused by insufficient resources on the edge platform are avoided, thereby providing a stable and efficient service experience for the edge devices.
[0156] In an optional implementation, the above steps may further include:
[0157] If the current remaining resource amount of the initial platform is less than a preset resource amount threshold, the adjacent platform of the initial platform is determined; wherein the adjacent platform represents the edge platform closest to the initial platform; and the adjacent platform is determined as the target platform.
[0158] The adjacent platform of the initial platform may refer to an edge platform that is geographically closest to the initial platform.
[0159] In a possible implementation manner, before determining the adjacent platform as the target platform, the method further includes:
[0160] Determine the current remaining amount of resources of the adjacent platform. If the current remaining amount of resources of the adjacent platform is equal to or greater than the preset resource amount threshold, determine the adjacent platform as the target platform; if the current remaining amount of resources of the adjacent platform is less than the preset resource amount threshold, determine the adjacent platform of the adjacent platform, and continue to determine the current remaining amount of resources of the adjacent platform of the adjacent platform until the current remaining amount of resources of the adjacent platform is equal to or greater than the preset resource amount threshold.
[0161] It can be understood that the current remaining resource amount of the target platform is equal to or greater than the preset resource amount threshold.
[0162] In an optional implementation, this step may also include:
[0163] If the current remaining resource amount of the initial platform is less than a preset resource amount threshold, a second platform is determined; wherein the second platform represents the edge platform closest to the edge device; and the adjacent platform is determined as the target platform.
[0164] The beneficial effect of this setting is that by considering the remaining resources of the edge platform and the distance between the edge platform and the edge device, it ensures that the edge device can quickly access the edge platform with sufficient resources and close geographical location, thereby ensuring service continuity and user experience.
[0165] S405. Send the access address of the target platform to the edge device; wherein the access address is used to connect the edge device to the target platform.
[0166] Exemplarily, this step may refer to the above-mentioned step S204 and will not be described in detail.
[0167] The edge device management method provided by the present application determines the location of the edge device by obtaining the base station information sent by the edge device, and maps the edge device to the corresponding regional range. Then, according to the association between the preset area and the edge platform, the edge platform matching the area is selected as the initial platform. In the selection process, the resource situation of the edge platform is also considered. If the initial platform has sufficient resources, it is directly determined as the target platform; if the resources are insufficient, the adjacent platform with sufficient resources is selected as the target platform. Finally, the access address of the target platform is sent to the edge device so that it can smoothly access the platform and enjoy low-latency and high-efficiency edge computing services. This process improves resource utilization and service quality, and ensures that edge devices can obtain stable and efficient service experience in different areas. The edge device management method provided by the present application improves the accuracy of edge device access to the edge platform.
[0168] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a process for managing an edge device provided in this application Figure 4 ,like Figure 5 As shown, the method may include:
[0169] S501. The edge device sends base station information and the current access address of the edge device to the device management platform according to a preset time frequency.
[0170] S502: The device management platform determines the location of the edge device based on the base station information.
[0171] S503: The device management platform determines an edge platform corresponding to the location information of the edge device as the initial platform.
[0172] S504: The device management platform determines the current remaining resource amount of the initial platform.
[0173] S505: If the current remaining resource amount of the initial platform is equal to or greater than a preset resource amount threshold, the initial platform is determined as the target platform.
[0174] S506: If the current remaining resource amount of the initial platform is less than the preset resource amount threshold, and the current remaining resource amount of the adjacent platform of the initial platform is equal to or greater than the preset resource amount threshold, determine the adjacent platform of the initial platform as the target platform.
[0175] S507: The device management platform sends the access address of the target platform to the edge device.
[0176] S508: The device management platform sends the authentication information of the edge device to the target platform.
[0177] S509: The edge device initiates an access request to the target platform according to the access address.
[0178] S510: The target platform returns access success information to the edge device according to the authentication information.
[0179] The edge device management method provided by the present application solves the limitation of locating the target platform by WIFI signals by determining the location information and target platform of the edge device according to the base station information, so that the device management platform can accurately locate the target platform whether the edge device is in a static scene indoors or outdoors or in a moving scene outdoors, so that the edge device can accurately access the target platform and use the computing power resources of the target platform. The edge device management method provided by the present application improves the accuracy of edge device access to the edge platform.
[0180] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of an edge device management device provided in this application Figure 1 ,like Figure 6 As shown, the management device 60 of the edge device includes: an acquisition unit 601 , a first determination unit 602 , a second determination unit 603 , and a sending unit 604 .
[0181] The acquisition unit 601 is used to acquire the base station information sent by the edge device; wherein the base station information represents the radio frequency signals sent by multiple base stations received by the integrated circuit card in the edge device;
[0182] A first determining unit 602 is used to determine the location information of the edge device according to the base station information;
[0183] A second determining unit 603 is used to determine an edge platform corresponding to the location information of the edge device as a target platform;
[0184] The sending unit 604 is used to send the access address of the target platform to the edge device; wherein the access address is used to connect the edge device to the target platform.
[0185] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of an edge device management device provided in this application Figure 2 ,like Figure 7 As shown, the management device 70 of the edge device includes: an acquisition unit 701, a first determination unit 702, a second determination unit 703, and a sending unit 704, wherein the first determination unit 702 also includes a first processing module 7021 and a second processing module 7022, and the second determination unit 703 also includes a third processing module 7031 and a fourth processing module 7032.
[0186] The first processing module 7021 is used to determine the location information of multiple base stations according to the base station information.
[0187] In an optional example, the first processing module 7021 is specifically configured to obtain identification information of each base station in the plurality of base stations from the base station information;
[0188] Based on a preset first association relationship, the location information corresponding to the identification information of the base station is determined; wherein the preset first association relationship represents the association relationship between the identification information and the location information of the base station.
[0189] The second processing module 7022 is used to determine the location information of the edge device according to the location information of multiple base stations.
[0190] In an optional example, the second processing module 7022 is specifically configured to obtain the signal strength of the radio frequency signal sent by each base station from the base station information;
[0191] The location information of the edge device is determined according to the location information of the multiple base stations and the signal strength of the radio frequency signals sent by the multiple base stations.
[0192] The third processing module 7031 is used to determine the area range to which the location information of the edge device belongs, which is the target range.
[0193] The fourth processing module 7032 is used to determine the edge platform corresponding to the target range as the target platform according to the preset second association relationship; wherein the preset second association relationship represents the association relationship between the regional range and the edge platform.
[0194] In an optional example, the fourth processing module 7032 is specifically configured to determine, according to a preset second association relationship, an edge platform corresponding to the target range as the initial platform;
[0195] If the current remaining resource amount of the initial platform is equal to or greater than a preset resource amount threshold, the initial platform is determined to be the target platform.
[0196] In an optional example, the fourth processing module 7032 is further configured to determine an adjacent platform of the initial platform if the current remaining resource amount of the initial platform is less than a preset resource amount threshold; wherein the adjacent platform represents an edge platform that is closest to the initial platform;
[0197] An adjacent platform is determined as a target platform.
[0198] In an optional example, the sending unit 704 is further used to obtain a current access address of the edge device; wherein the current access address represents the edge platform to which the edge device is currently connected;
[0199] If the access address of the target platform is inconsistent with the current access address, the access address of the target platform is sent to the edge device.
[0200] In an optional example, the management device 70 of the edge device further includes an authentication unit, which is used to obtain authentication information of the edge device; wherein the authentication information represents the attributes of the edge device;
[0201] The authentication information is sent to the target platform; wherein the authentication information is used to instruct the target platform to verify the edge device. If the verification passes, the edge device is allowed to access the target platform.
[0202] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in this application, such as Figure 8 As shown, the electronic device 80 provided in this embodiment includes: at least one processor 801 and a memory 802. Optionally, the device 80 also includes a communication component 803. The processor 801, the memory 802 and the communication component 803 are connected via a bus 804.
[0203] In a specific implementation process, at least one processor 801 executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 802, so that at least one processor 801 executes the above method.
[0204] The specific implementation process of the processor 801 can be found in the above method embodiment, and its implementation principle and technical effect are similar, so this embodiment will not be repeated here.
[0205] In the above embodiments, it should be understood that the processor can be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), etc. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in the invention can be directly implemented as a hardware processor, or can be implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.
[0206] The memory may include a high-speed memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), and may also include a non-volatile memory (NVM), such as at least one disk storage.
[0207] The bus can be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, the bus in the drawings of this application is not limited to only one bus or one type of bus.
[0208] The present application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program, which implements the above method when executed by a processor.
[0209] The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer-executable instructions are stored. When a processor executes the computer-executable instructions, the above method is implemented.
[0210] It should be noted that, for the aforementioned method embodiments, for the sake of simplicity, they are all expressed as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should be aware that the present application is not limited by the described order of actions, because according to the present application, certain steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in the specification are all optional embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required by the present application.
[0211] It should be further noted that, although the various steps in the flowchart are displayed in sequence according to the indication of the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in sequence in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless there is a clear description in this article, the execution of these steps is not strictly limited in order, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least a portion of the steps in the flowchart may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages, and these sub-steps or stages are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and the execution order of these sub-steps or stages is not necessarily to be carried out in sequence, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.
[0212] It should be understood that the above-mentioned device embodiments are only illustrative, and the device of the present application can also be implemented in other ways. For example, the division of units / modules in the above-mentioned embodiments is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units, modules or components can be combined, or can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
[0213] In addition, unless otherwise specified, each functional unit / module in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one unit / module, each unit / module may exist physically separately, or two or more units / modules may be integrated together. The above-mentioned integrated unit / module may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software program module.
[0214] If the integrated unit / module is implemented in the form of hardware, the hardware may be a digital circuit, an analog circuit, etc. The physical implementation of the hardware structure includes but is not limited to transistors, memristors, etc. Unless otherwise specified, the processor may be any appropriate hardware processor, such as a CPU, a GPU, an FPGA, a DSP, an ASIC, etc. Unless otherwise specified, the storage unit may be any appropriate magnetic storage medium or magneto-optical storage medium, such as a resistive random access memory (RRAM), a dynamic random access memory (DRAM), a static random access memory (SRAM), an enhanced dynamic random access memory (EDRAM), a high-bandwidth memory (HBM), a hybrid memory cube (HMC), etc.
[0215] If the integrated unit / module is implemented in the form of a software program module and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable memory. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a memory, including a number of instructions to enable a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned memory includes: U disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), mobile hard disk, disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.
[0216] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant description of other embodiments. The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.
[0217] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present application after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. The present application is intended to cover any modification, use or adaptation of the present application, which follows the general principles of the present application and includes common knowledge or customary techniques in the art that are not disclosed in the present application. The specification and examples are intended to be exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the present application are indicated by the following claims.
[0218] It should be understood that the present application is not limited to the precise structures that have been described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present application is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A method for managing an edge device, characterized in that: Applied to an electronic device, wherein a device management platform is deployed in the electronic device, wherein the device management platform is used to manage edge devices and edge platforms, wherein the edge platform is used to provide computing resources for edge devices, wherein an integrated circuit card is installed in the edge device, and wherein the method comprises: Acquire base station information sent by the edge device; wherein the base station information represents radio frequency signals sent by multiple base stations received by an integrated circuit card in the edge device; Determine the location information of the edge device according to the base station information; Determine an edge platform corresponding to the location information of the edge device as a target platform; The access address of the target platform is sent to the edge device; wherein the access address is used to connect the edge device to the target platform.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Determining the location information of the edge device according to the base station information includes: Determining location information of the multiple base stations according to the base station information; The location information of the edge device is determined according to the location information of the multiple base stations.
3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that Determining location information of the plurality of base stations according to the base station information includes: Acquire identification information of each base station in the multiple base stations from the base station information; Based on a preset first association relationship, the location information corresponding to the identification information of the base station is determined; wherein the preset first association relationship represents the association relationship between the identification information and the location information of the base station.
4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: Determining the location information of the edge device according to the location information of the multiple base stations includes: Acquire the signal strength of the radio frequency signal sent by each base station from the base station information; The location information of the edge device is determined according to the location information of the multiple base stations and the signal strength of the radio frequency signals sent by the multiple base stations.
5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Determining an edge platform corresponding to the location information of the edge device as a target platform includes: Determine the area range to which the location information of the edge device belongs, as the target range; According to a preset second association relationship, an edge platform corresponding to the target range is determined as the target platform; wherein the preset second association relationship represents an association relationship between a regional range and an edge platform.
6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that Determining, according to the preset second association relationship, an edge platform corresponding to the target range as the target platform, includes: According to the preset second association relationship, an edge platform corresponding to the target range is determined as the initial platform; If the current remaining resource amount of the initial platform is equal to or greater than a preset resource amount threshold, the initial platform is determined to be the target platform.
7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that Also includes: If the current remaining resource amount of the initial platform is less than a preset resource amount threshold, then determining the adjacent platform of the initial platform; wherein the adjacent platform represents the edge platform closest to the initial platform; The adjacent platform is determined as the target platform.
8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Sending the access address of the target platform to the edge device includes: Obtaining the current access address of the edge device; wherein the current access address represents the edge platform to which the edge device is currently connected; If the access address of the target platform is inconsistent with the current access address, the access address of the target platform is sent to the edge device.
9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that Also includes: Acquire authentication information of the edge device; wherein the authentication information represents the attributes of the edge device; The authentication information is sent to the target platform; wherein the authentication information is used to instruct the target platform to verify the edge device, and if the verification is successful, the edge device is allowed to access the target platform.
10. A management device for an edge device, characterized in that: include: An acquisition unit, configured to acquire base station information sent by the edge device; wherein the base station information represents radio frequency signals sent by multiple base stations and received by an integrated circuit card in the edge device; A first determining unit, configured to determine location information of the edge device according to the base station information; A second determining unit, configured to determine an edge platform corresponding to the location information of the edge device as a target platform; A sending unit is used to send the access address of the target platform to the edge device; wherein the access address is used to connect the edge device to the target platform.
11. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: Memory, processor; The memory stores computer-executable instructions; The processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory, so that the processor performs the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
12. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, which are used to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 when executed by a processor.
13. A computer program product, characterized in that The invention comprises a computer program, which implements the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 when being executed by a processor.
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