Method for preparing dried chloranthus spicatus flowers by using exogenous biological enzyme

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing dried chloranthus spicatus flowers by using an exogenous biological enzyme, and the method comprises the working procedures of picking, anti-oxidation flower growing, electric heating fixation, enzyme adding anti-oxidation flower airing, microwave drying sterilization and nitrogen charging preservation. The prepared dried chloranthus spicatus flowers are emerald green in appearance color and luster, complete in flower spikes and stems, yellow green and bright in soup color after being brewed, fresh and sweet in taste and free of toxic and side effects; and the orchid is quiet and mellow. The method can be widely applied to the field of chloranthus spicatus processing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of flower processing, in particular to a method for preparing dried chrysanthemum orchid flowers by utilizing exogenous biological enzymes. Background Art

[0002] Zhulan, also known as (Zhenzhulan, Zhulan, Jinsulan), belongs to the Angiosperms, Dicots, Piperales, Chrysantheraceae, Chrysantheraceae, Chrysantheraceae, and its peak flowering period is generally from May to August in spring and summer. The flowers are spikes arranged in panicles, small in shape, and yellow-green. Studies have found that Zhulan contains compounds such as β-linalool, benzyl acetate, indole, eugenol, caffeine, methyl jasmonate, and myricene. Long-term drinking has the effects of dispelling wind and dampness, anti-inflammatory and sterilization, beauty care, and lipid-lowering and weight loss. For this reason, in recent years, the sales of dried Zhulan flowers have increased significantly, and the production area has expanded rapidly, showing a booming production and sales situation.

[0003] At present, the main methods for preparing dried pearl orchid flowers include: airing on bamboo trays and bamboo mats, natural drying, sun drying, charcoal drying, etc. Production practice shows that these traditional methods for preparing dried flowers all have some disadvantages. For example, airing on bamboo trays and bamboo mats requires manual handling, which is labor-intensive, low in efficiency, and difficult to control the quality of airing. The natural drying process takes a long time, usually 8-10 days, and if it is rainy, it will also cause mildew, affecting product quality and safety; the sun drying process is prone to oxidation, making the flower color dull, the soup color yellow, and even with a sun-dried taste, affecting the drinking value; charcoal drying, due to the rapid evaporation of water, is easy to cause the flower spikes and stems to split and break, affecting the integrity of the flower shape. At the same time, the flower color is dark, and the flower spikes cannot remain green after brewing. If the operation is improper, there will be a high fire smell, and the quality characteristics of the fragrant orchid fragrance will be lost. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing dried Zhulanhua flowers by utilizing exogenous biological enzymes, which can overcome the drawbacks of traditional dried flower preparation processes. The dried Zhulanhua flowers prepared by the method can not only ensure that the flower spikes and stems are intact and not easy to break during the preparation process, but also have an emerald green appearance after brewing, a bright yellow-green soup color, a fresh and sweet taste, and a mellow and fragrant orchid fragrance.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a process flow of preparing dried chrysanthemum orchid flowers by using exogenous biological enzymes is as follows:

[0006] Picking → Antioxidant flower cultivation → Electric heating to kill the green flowers → Add enzymes to antioxidant and air the flowers → Microwave drying and sterilization → Nitrogen filling for preservation → Dried chrysanthemum flowers.

[0007] A method for preparing dried chrysanthemum orchid flowers using exogenous biological enzymes comprises the following steps:

[0008] 1) Picking: Generally, before the sun comes out in the early morning, pick the flower spikes that are about 2-3cm long with stalks and flowers, and put them into a 40-50 mesh bamboo flower basket to prevent the occurrence of yellow and rotten flowers. In order to prevent the buds of the pearl orchid from being easily oxidized after being picked, which will make the color dark and the orchid fragrance disappear, 30-40 minutes before picking the flowers, the flower spikes to be picked at the top of the pearl orchid tree should be sprayed with a sodium vitamin C solution to allow it to be absorbed into the flower spike cells for color protection and anti-oxidation. The described sodium vitamin C, also known as sodium ascorbate, D-sodium isoascorbate, is a white or slightly yellow powder, has no peculiar smell, is relatively stable in the air, and is a food-grade color retainer and antioxidant. The solution of D-sodium isoascorbate is prepared into a concentration of 55-65%, and a stainless steel sprayer is used to evenly spray it on the pearl orchid spikes for anti-oxidation and color protection, and the content of VC in the flower spikes can also be increased to enhance its health care function. The patent adopts the antioxidant flower picking process to achieve beneficial effects: it can not only protect the color and resist oxidation, so that the flowers will not turn yellow or rot, but also enhance the health care function of dried chrysanthemum flowers.

[0009] 2) Antioxidant flower cultivation: The picked flower spikes are input into a screen-type flower cultivation machine, and the flower spreading thickness is set to 4-6cm, the flower cultivation temperature is set to 20-25℃, the flower cultivation humidity is set to 75-85﹪, and the temperature control and humidification flower cultivation time is set to 1-3h. Then, the same concentration of sodium vitamin C solution as in step 1) is sprayed for antioxidant natural flower cultivation time of 1-2h to simulate the temperature and humidity natural environment in the early morning, so that the picked flowers can be restored to life and continue to bloom and emit fragrance. Production practice shows that this antioxidant flower cultivation process can reduce the yellowing rate of flowers by 12-15%, the rotten flower rate by 3-5% compared with the traditional bamboo plaque flower spreading method, and can make the flower spikes green and fragrant.

[0010] 3) Electric heat killing: Put the flower spikes after the antioxidant flower growing stall into the electric heat killing machine, set the killing temperature to 90-95℃, the time to 4-5min, and reduce the water content to 40-45%. The high temperature killing effect of electric heat kills the activity of biological oxidases in the flower spikes, inhibits the enzymatic oxidation reaction, prevents the color of the flower spikes from darkening and blackening, and prevents the elegant orchid fragrance from being lost, and makes the water and green smell inside leak out and initially dry.

[0011] 4) Enzyme-added anti-oxidation air-drying: The flower spikes after electric heating are put into the enzyme-added cold air air-drying machine to quickly cool down and spray the enzyme solution for anti-oxidation air-drying. Setting: the mass ratio of catalase (CAT) added to the flower spike is 0.03-0.05%, the preparation concentration is 80-85%, the pH value of the prepared solution is 6-6.5, and the enzyme-added atomizer is used to spray the catalase solution into the flower spike for anti-oxidation. Setting: the cold air blowing volume is 50-60 cubic meters / min, the flower drying temperature is 20-25℃, the flower drying humidity is 75-85﹪, and the flower drying time is 40-50min. The combined effect of catalase and cold air is used to cool down and anti-oxidize the flower spikes after high-temperature hot-drying, which can not only prevent the flower spikes from being oxidized by residual oxidases after hot-drying, so that they still maintain the emerald green color, but also prevent the high temperature from causing the mellow orchid fragrance to volatilize. The catalase (CAT) is a food-grade deoxidizing enzyme and antibacterial agent extracted and refined from an excellent strain of Aspergillus niger through biological fermentation. The catalase (CAT) used in this project is in powder form, with an enzyme activity of 100,000, an enzyme activity preservation rate of 99%, an effective substance content of 99%, a pH adaptation range of 5-8, and an optimal antioxidant temperature of 25-40°C. Its antioxidant mechanism: it utilizes the enzymatic hydrolysis of catalase to decompose hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen to eliminate its oxidation reaction, thereby achieving high-efficiency antioxidant and antibacterial properties, and avoiding the color change of the emerald green color of the flower spike caused by oxidation and the loss of the orchid fragrance.

[0012] 5) Microwave drying and sterilization: the flower spikes after enzyme antioxidant drying are put into a microwave drying machine, the drying temperature is set to 75-85°C, the drying time is 3-5min, and the moisture content after drying is ≤8.5%. The radiation effect of microwaves is used to dry the moisture inside and outside the flower spikes, so as to promote the volatilization of aromatic substances such as cis-methyl jasmonate, cis-β-ocimene, β-pinene, trans-β-ocimene, a-pinene, γ-elemene, etc., and kill microorganisms to ensure product quality and safety.

[0013] 6) Nitrogen filling for preservation: The flower spikes sterilized by microwave drying are input into the intelligent nitrogen filling packaging machine, and the drum-shaped porcelain jars with a height of 10 cm and a diameter of 4.5 cm are used for nitrogen filling and preservation packaging. Setting: The amount of dried flowers filled in each jar is 58-60g, and the nitrogen gas filled in each jar is 20-25mL. The inert gas characteristics of nitrogen are used to perform anaerobic sealed and sterile packaging on the dried Zhulan flowers, which can prevent the oxidation reaction of the flower spikes and the invasion of microorganisms and bacteria. Production practice shows that the dried Zhulan flowers preserved by nitrogen filling can maintain their emerald green color and fragrant orchid fragrance when stored at room temperature for 5 years, and the shelf life can be extended by 2-3 years compared with the conventional sealed packaging method.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention sprays the sodium vitamin C solution before picking, so that the flower spike fully absorbs the sodium vitamin C solution during picking, performs color protection and anti-oxidation, and then picks the flower spike with buds and stems and flowers, which can not only maintain the freshness of the flower spike, but also improve the VC content and enhance the health care function of the dried orchid flowers. Then the sodium vitamin C solution is sprayed again for anti-oxidation flower cultivation, and the natural environment of temperature and humidity in the early morning is simulated for flower cultivation, so that the picked flowers can be revitalized and continue to bloom and emit fragrance, and the color of the flower spike is kept green and the orchid fragrance is mellow and fragrant. Then, the electric heating is used to kill the green, and the activity of the biological oxidase is quickly killed by the high temperature of the electric heating, so that the enzymatic oxidation reaction is inhibited, the flower spike is prevented from changing color and losing the orchid fragrance, and the flower spike is preliminarily dried. After the greening, the catalase solution is sprayed for anti-oxidation and airing, so that the flower spike is spread to cool and emits water vapor, and at the same time, the flower spike is prevented from changing color under the action of the catalase solution. Then, a microwave drying and sterilization process is used for drying and sterilization, which can not only maintain the emerald green color of the flower spike and improve the orchid fragrance, but also will not lose the nutritional health-care substances contained therein. Finally, the prepared flower spike is placed in a porcelain jar for nitrogen-filled sealing and preservation. Under the protection of nitrogen, the flower spike is prevented from oxidation and microbial bacteria invasion. This method can maintain the emerald green color and fragrant orchid fragrance for 5 years in a normal temperature environment, and can extend the shelf life by 2-3 years compared with the conventional sealing packaging method. In summary, the dried Zhulan flower obtained by the present invention can improve the integrity of the flower spike, and after the Zhulan flower dried flower is brewed, the flower spike can maintain emerald green, the soup color is bright yellow-green, the taste is fresh and sweet, and the orchid fragrance is mellow and fragrant.

[0015] The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a process flow chart of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection of various devices in the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the screen-type flower-growing machine in the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the feed hopper in the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the structure of the electric heating fixing machine in the present invention is

[0021] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the enzyme-added cold air flower drying machine of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the microwave drying machine in the present invention.

[0023] Figure 8It is a structural schematic diagram of the nitrogen filling packaging machine in the present invention.

[0024] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the weighing filling machine in the present invention.

[0025] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the nitrogen filling machine in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] A method for preparing dried Zhulan orchid flowers by using exogenous biological enzymes is provided, and the purpose is to make the prepared dried Zhulan orchid flowers have a green appearance, complete flower spikes and stems, bright yellow-green soup color after brewing, fresh and sweet taste, and mellow orchid fragrance. And through the improvement of the preparation method of dried Zhulan orchid flowers and the matching continuous production line, the processing and production technology of dried Zhulan orchid flowers is optimized.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the method for preparing dried Zhulan orchid flowers by using exogenous biological enzymes of the present invention has the following process flow: picking → antioxidant flower cultivation → electric heating killing → enzyme antioxidant flower air drying → microwave drying and sterilization → nitrogen filling for preservation → dried Zhulan orchid flowers.

[0028] Example 1: A method for preparing dried chrysanthemum orchid flowers using exogenous biological enzymes in spring, comprising the following steps:

[0029] 1) Picking: 35-40 minutes before picking, spray the spike of pearl flower with a 60-63% sodium vitamin C solution to allow it to be absorbed into the spike cells for color protection and anti-oxidation. Then pick the spikes with buds and flowers about 2.8-3 cm long, and put them into a 40-50 mesh bamboo basket.

[0030] 2) Antioxidant flower cultivation: Spread the picked flower spikes evenly on a screen-type flower-growing machine for temperature and humidity control for 1-1.5 hours, and then spray the same concentration of sodium vitamin C solution as in step 1) for antioxidant natural flower cultivation for 1.5-2 hours. Set: the flower spreading thickness is 5-6 cm, the flower cultivation temperature is 23-25°C, the flower cultivation humidity is 75-80﹪, and simulate the natural temperature and humidity environment in the early morning to restore the vitality of the picked flowers and encourage them to continue to bloom and emit fragrance.

[0031] 3) Electric heat killing: The flower spikes after antioxidant flower cultivation are input into the electric heat killing machine for killing. The setting temperature is 93-95℃ and the time is 4-4.5min. The water content is reduced to 40-42%, the biological oxidase activity in the flower spikes is killed, the moisture and green smell are released, and the initial drying is carried out.

[0032] 4) Enzyme-added anti-oxidation air-drying: The flower spike after electric heating is put into the enzyme-added cold air air-drying machine to quickly cool down and spray the catalase solution for anti-oxidation air-drying; the mass ratio of the catalase addition to the flower spike is 0.03-0.04%, the concentration of the catalase solution is 83-85%, and the Ph value of the catalase solution is 6-6.5. Settings: the cold air volume is 50-55 cubic meters / min, the air-drying temperature is 23-25℃, the air-drying humidity is 75-80﹪, and the air-drying time is 40-45min. The combined effect of catalase and cold air is used to cool down and maintain the anti-oxidation of the flower spike after high-temperature heating.

[0033] 5) Microwave drying and sterilization: Put the flower spikes after enzyme antioxidant drying into a microwave dryer for drying. Set the drying temperature to 80-85°C and the drying time to 4-5 minutes. The moisture content after drying is ≤8.2%. Use the radiation of microwaves to dry the moisture inside and outside the flower spikes, promote the volatilization of the aromatic substances contained therein, kill microorganisms and bacteria, and ensure product quality and safety.

[0034] 6) Nitrogen filling for preservation: The flower spikes sterilized by microwave drying are input into the intelligent nitrogen filling packaging machine and packed in drum-shaped porcelain jars for nitrogen filling for preservation. Setting: The filling amount of dried flowers in each jar is 58-60g, and the nitrogen gas filled in each jar is 20-22mL, and the dried flowers of Zhulan orchid are sealed and sterilely packaged without oxygen and nitrogen.

[0035] Embodiment 2: A method for preparing dried chrysanthemum orchid flowers using exogenous biological enzymes in summer, comprising the following steps:

[0036] 1) Picking: 30-35 minutes before picking, spray the spike of pearl flower with a 63-65% sodium vitamin C solution to allow it to be absorbed into the spike cells for color protection and anti-oxidation. Then pick the spikes with buds and flowers about 2.5-2.8 cm long with stems and flowers, and put them in a 40-50 mesh bamboo basket.

[0037] 2) Antioxidant flower cultivation: Spread the picked flower spikes evenly on a screen-type flower-cultivating machine for temperature and humidity control for 1.8-2 hours, and then spray the same concentration of sodium vitamin C solution as in step 1) for antioxidant natural flower cultivation for 1.2-1.5 hours. Set: the flower spreading thickness is 4-5 cm, the flower cultivation temperature is 21-23°C, the flower cultivation humidity is 82-85﹪, and simulate the natural temperature and humidity environment in the early morning to restore the vitality of the picked flowers and encourage them to continue to bloom and emit fragrance.

[0038] 3) Electric heat killing: The flower spikes after antioxidant flower cultivation are input into the electric heat killing machine for killing. The setting temperature is 91-93℃ and the time is 4.5-4.8min. The water content is reduced to 42-44%, the biological oxidase activity in the flower spikes is killed, the moisture and green smell are released, and the initial drying is carried out.

[0039] 4) Enzyme-added anti-oxidation air-drying: The flower spike after electric heating is input into the enzyme-added cold air air-drying machine to quickly cool down and spray the catalase solution for anti-oxidation air-drying; the mass ratio of the catalase addition to the flower spike is 0.04-0.05%, the concentration of the catalase solution is 80-82%, and the Ph value of the catalase solution is 6-6.5. Setting: the cold air blowing volume is 55-60 cubic meters / min, the air-drying temperature is 21-23℃, the air-drying humidity is 78-80﹪, and the air-drying time is 40-42min. By increasing the amount of catalase added, the cold air blowing volume, the air-drying humidity, and reducing the concentration, the air-drying temperature, and the air-drying time, the flower spike after high-temperature fixing is cooled and anti-oxidized and preserved, and the problem of oxidation reaction of the flower spike in high temperature in summer is solved.

[0040] 5) Microwave drying and sterilization: The flower spikes after enzyme antioxidant drying are put into a microwave dryer for drying. The drying temperature is set to 78-80°C and the drying time is 4.5-5min. The moisture content after drying is ≤8.2%. Low-temperature and long-term microwave drying and sterilization are carried out to dry the moisture inside and outside the flower spikes, promote the volatilization of the aromatic substances contained therein, and kill microorganisms and bacteria.

[0041] 6) Nitrogen filling for preservation: The flower spikes sterilized by microwave drying are input into the intelligent nitrogen filling packaging machine and packed in drum-shaped porcelain jars for nitrogen filling for preservation. Setting: The filling amount of dried flowers in each jar is 58g, and the nitrogen gas filled in each jar is 22-25mL, and the dried flowers of Zhulan orchid are sealed and sterilely packaged without oxygen and nitrogen.

[0042] Example 3: The specific structure of the equipment involved in Example 1 and Example 2 is described as follows.

[0043] like Figure 3 , 4 As shown, the screen-type flower-growing machine 1 in step 2) comprises a flower-growing cooling trough 11, and a feeding device 19 is provided at the feeding end of the flower-growing cooling trough 11, and the feeding device 19 comprises a feeding hopper 191 and an inclined conveyor belt 192. The feeding hopper 191 is in the shape of a stainless steel trough, and its trough body is 1.6 meters long, the trough width is 0.8 meters, the trough depth is 0.6 meters, and it is arranged above the feeding end of the inclined conveyor belt 192 at a downward inclination of 12-15 degrees, and a rotating push rod 193 for pushing the flower spike to move is provided in the feeding hopper 191, and a group of push claws 194 are provided on the rotating push rod 193. The inclined conveyor belt 192 adopts a 10-12 mesh stainless steel screen conveyor belt, which is arranged upwardly inclined at 5-7 degrees to input the jasmine flower spikes in the feed hopper 191 into the flower growing cooling trough 11 for antioxidant flower growing. During the inclined conveying process, the 10-12 mesh stainless steel screen is used to automatically screen out dust, mud, small insects and other debris entrained in the flower spikes to improve their cleanliness.

[0044] The flower growing and cooling trough 11 is a two-layer structure, with a trough body length of 6.5m, a trough width of 1.8m, and a trough height of 2.2m. The upper layer is a temperature control and humidification flower growing layer 12, and the lower layer is an antioxidant natural flower growing layer 13. The bottoms of the temperature control and humidification flower growing layer 12 and the antioxidant natural flower growing layer 13 are both provided with 30-40 mesh stainless steel mesh conveyor belts, and the upper stainless steel mesh conveyor belt 111 rotates in the opposite direction to the lower stainless steel mesh conveyor belt 111, and the lower stainless steel mesh conveyor belt 111 receives the flower spikes on the upper stainless steel mesh conveyor belt 111, thereby realizing the automation and intelligence of flower growing and spreading. The input flower spikes are first subjected to temperature control and humidification flower growing in the temperature control and humidification flower growing layer 12 to restore the vitality of the picked flowers, and then enter the antioxidant natural flower growing layer 13 to perform antioxidant natural flower growing to promote their continued opening and fragrance.

[0045] It also includes a hot and cold air blower 18, which is a hot and cold air blower with a dual structure of cold cavity airflow and hot cavity airflow. The blower can output hot air at 25-30°C, and can also output cold air at 10-15°C to adjust the temperature of flower cultivation. The cold air blower 18 is provided with two cold air pipes 181 and one hot air pipe 182. The air outlets of the hot air pipe 182 and one cold air pipe 181 are arranged at the feed end of the temperature control and humidification flower cultivation layer 12, and blow horizontally to the discharge end. If the temperature in spring is low, hot air can be blown for heating, and if the temperature in summer is too high, cold air can be blown for cooling; the air outlet of another cold air pipe 181 is arranged at the feed end of the antioxidant natural flower cultivation layer 13, and blow horizontally to the discharge end. If the temperature in summer is too high, cold air can be blown for cooling, so that temperature control and antioxidant flower cultivation can be carried out in both spring and summer. In order to simulate the cold and hot air in natural state, fine ventilation mesh holes of 100-120 mesh are arranged on the end face of the air outlet of each cold air pipe 181 and hot air pipe 182 to balance the blowing volume and convert it into a breeze to be blown into the upper and lower flower-growing layers.

[0046] The feed end of the temperature-controlled and humidified flower-growing layer 12 is provided with a humidifier 14, which is sprayed to humidify if the humidity of the flower-growing layer is low. The feed end of the antioxidant natural flower-growing layer 13 is provided with an enzyme adder 15, which sprays sodium vitamin C solution to the flower spikes to perform antioxidant natural flower spreading. In summer, if the natural flower-growing layer is dry and low in humidity, the spraying amount of sodium vitamin C solution can be increased to perform heavy wet antioxidant.

[0047] In order to monitor the temperature of the upper and lower flower-growing layers, the temperature control and humidification flower-growing layer 12 and the antioxidant natural flower-growing layer 13 are provided with a temperature and humidity sensor 16 and an intelligent controller. The temperature and humidity sensor 16 is a DENOD-GD200-TH temperature and humidity detector. The sensor probes of the DENOD-GD200-TH temperature and humidity detector are respectively arranged in the middle parts of the temperature control and humidification flower-growing layer 12 and the antioxidant natural flower-growing layer 13 to transmit the measured temperature and humidity signals to the intelligent controller, which controls the blowing volume of the hot and cold air fans 18 to adjust the temperature and humidity of the temperature control and humidification flower-growing layer 12 and the antioxidant natural flower-growing layer 13. The technical advantage of the screen-type flower-growing machine adopted in the present invention is that the temperature and humidity of flower growing and flower spreading can be regulated by the mutual cooperation of equipment such as cold and hot fans, humidifiers, enzyme dosing devices, temperature and humidity sensors, so as to realize the automation and intelligence of flower growing and flower spreading, and can also simulate the natural environment of temperature and humidity in the early morning, so that the picked flowers can be revived and continue to bloom and emit fragrance, and the quality characteristics of the flower spikes can be maintained as emerald green in color and mellow orchid fragrance.

[0048] like Figure 5 As shown, the electric hot fixing machine 2 includes an electric hot fixing tank 21, and a horizontal conveyor belt 5 is provided between the discharge port of the flower growing and cooling tank 11 and the electric hot fixing tank 21, and the flower spikes after antioxidant flower growing are sent into the electric hot fixing tank 21 through the horizontal conveyor belt 5 for electric hot fixing.

[0049] The electric heating green-killing tank 21 is made of cast iron material, with a tank body length of 2.5m, a tank body width of 0.8m, and a tank depth of 0.9m. Both ends of the tank body are provided with movable tank doors, which are closed during electric heating green-killing and opened during material discharge. A 10-12 mesh aluminum alloy louver conveyor belt 22 is provided in the electric heating green-killing tank 21 to carry the flower spikes. When the green-killing is completed, the aluminum alloy louver conveyor belt 22 rotates to drive the flower spikes in the electric heating green-killing tank 21 to be discharged.

[0050] The bottom of the electric heating killing tank 21 is provided with three groups of electric heating tubes 23, and each group of electric heating tubes 23 is cross-disposed by two electric heating tubes. The three groups of electric heating tubes 23 are arranged at the bottom of the tank body at intervals of 60-65 cm to provide electric heat to the upper electric heating killing tank 21 for killing. In order to prevent the electric heat from directly scorching the flower spike, a stainless steel blocking plate 24 with a thickness of 1-1.2 cm is placed above the electric heating tube 23 at intervals of 3-5 cm to block the electric heat radiation to avoid scorching the flower spike. At the same time, the advantage of its fast thermal conductivity is used to quickly introduce the electric heat into the aluminum alloy louver plate to kill the flower spike, so that it can be killed evenly and thoroughly.

[0051] At the same time, a control device is also provided, which is connected to the horizontal conveyor belt, the aluminum alloy louver conveyor belt, and the electric heating pipe. The feed conveying amount, the moving speed of the aluminum alloy louver conveyor belt, the electric heating green-fixing temperature, and the electric heating green-fixing time can be set by the control device, so as to perform intelligent electric heating green-fixing. The technical effect of the electric heating green-fixing machine used in the present invention is that the activity of biological oxidase can be quickly killed by the high temperature of electric heating, the enzymatic oxidation reaction can be inhibited, the color of the flower spike can be prevented from becoming dark and black, the elegant orchid fragrance can be lost, and preliminary drying can be achieved. In particular, a stainless steel barrier plate is placed for interval heat conduction green-fixing, which is conducive to uniform and thorough killing of the flower spike, and can also avoid the undesirable phenomenon of the flower spike being scorched.

[0052] like Figure 6 As shown, an enzyme feeding and conveying device 6 is provided between the enzyme cold air drying machine 3 and the electric hot fixing machine 2, and the enzyme feeding and conveying device 6 includes an enzyme bucket 61 and a Z-type lifting conveyor belt 62. The enzyme bucket 61 is a trumpet-shaped bucket made of oak material, arranged at the bottom of the Z-type lifting conveyor belt 62 and connected to the discharge port of the electric hot fixing machine 2, so that the flower spike after the electric hot fixing is first added with catalase liquid in the enzyme bucket 61 for cooling and anti-oxidation. The benefit of using oak material to make the enzyme bucket is that the antagonistic reaction between metal ions and catalase can be avoided to affect the antioxidant effect. The Z-type lifting conveyor belt 62 is a nanofiber vertical conveyor belt, which can input the flower spike after adding catalase into the antioxidant drying box 31 without the antagonistic reaction of metal ions for antioxidant drying.

[0053] The enzyme-added cold air drying machine 3 includes an antioxidant drying box 31, which is made of oak material. The antioxidant drying box 31 is a three-layer open structure, which is convenient for ventilation of each layer. From top to bottom, it is a first cold air enzyme antioxidant layer 32, a second cold air enzyme antioxidant layer 33 and a natural drying antioxidant layer 34. A drying conveyor belt 35 is provided at the bottom of each layer. The drying conveyor belt 35 is a nanofiber conveyor belt. In order to allow the flower spikes to dissipate heat and air for drying, the drying conveyor belt 35 is a wavy structure and laser micropores are provided on the drying conveyor belt 35, so that the flower spikes on the drying conveyor belt 35 can dissipate heat and dehumidify by slightly bouncing during the drying process. In order to prevent the flower spikes on the conveyor belt from falling during the transportation process, a 18-20 cm high skirt is also provided on the left and right sides of each layer of the box to prevent the flower spikes from being thrown out and to collect them for transportation.

[0054] An enzyme atomizer 36 and a cold air blower 4 are also provided. The cold air blower 4 is a DAKC-20 type cold air blower, and is provided with two cold air pipes 41. The air outlets of the two cold air pipes 41 are respectively arranged at the feed ports of the first cold air enzyme antioxidant layer 32 and the second cold air enzyme antioxidant layer 33, and the air outlets are trough structures, so as to blow cold air to the first cold air enzyme antioxidant layer 32 and the second cold air enzyme antioxidant layer 33 to dissipate heat and dehumidify the flower spikes on the airing conveyor belt 35. In order to overcome the technical obstacle that direct blowing air easily causes the flower stems to separate and break, a flow valve 42 is installed on the cold air pipe 41, and a 30-40 mesh titanium steel windshield 43 is provided at the air outlet of the cold air pipe 41, so that the direct blowing air is converted into a natural breeze to blow toward the flower spikes on the conveyor belt.

[0055] The enzyme atomizer 36 is provided with two kinds of atomizing nozzles, namely, a two-fluid air atomizing nozzle 361 and a steam rotating air nozzle 362. The enzyme atomizer 36 sprays the catalase solution into the flower spike in a micro-mist state for anti-oxidation. The two-fluid air atomizing nozzle 361 is extended into the enzyme adding bucket 61 at a position of 8-10 cm to perform the first spraying enzyme addition to the flower spike in the bucket. The fluid air atomizing nozzle 361 can adjust the flow rate and the angle of enzyme addition; the two steam rotating air nozzles 362 are arranged at the outlets of the cold air pipe 41 of the first cold air enzyme adding antioxidant layer 32 and the second cold air enzyme adding antioxidant layer 33, respectively, and the catalase mist liquid heated at 25-30°C is blown into the groove together with the cold air by a straight fan-shaped steam nozzle, and enters the flower spike in a "floating mist" state for the second spraying enzyme addition, and the heated catalase mist liquid produces a high-efficiency anti-oxidation effect.

[0056] A controller is also provided, and the controller is provided with a numerical control screen, through which the following settings can be made: the flower drying temperature, the flower drying humidity, the flower drying time, the cold air blowing amount, the running speed of the conveyor belt, and intelligent enzyme-added antioxidant flower drying. The technical effect of the enzyme-added cold air flower drying machine of the present invention is that by providing two different atomizing enzyme adding devices, such as multi-angle enzyme spraying of a two-fluid air atomizing nozzle and thermal enzyme spraying of a steam rotating nozzle, the antioxidant flower drying effect can be significantly improved.

[0057] like Figure 7As shown, the microwave drying and sterilizing machine 7 is a tunnel type microwave drying and sterilizing machine, whose microwave output power is ≥20KW, microwave output frequency is 2450MHz, microwave input apparent rate is ≤25KVA, and oscillates 2.45 billion times per second, so that the flower spikes on the conveyor belt penetrate the internal drying moisture through the special thermal effect and non-thermal effect of microwaves, promote the volatilization of aroma, and kill microorganisms. A microwave generator 8 is arranged below the tunnel wall of the microwave drying machine 7, so that microwaves are radiated downward to dry and sterilize the flower spikes on the conveyor belt 71. In order to reduce the problem that microwave direct radiation easily dries the moisture too quickly, resulting in the separation and breakage of the flower spikes, a 100-150 mesh nano ceramic radiation shielding plate 81 is also coated at the microwave radiation outlet of the microwave generator 8 box, and its high temperature resistance and hardness are used to weaken the radiation intensity of microwaves, so as to reduce the separation and breakage rate of flower stems, so that the flower spikes are complete and beautiful. In order to facilitate the feeding and output of the flower spike, a drying and sterilizing conveyor belt 71 is provided in the microwave drying and sterilizing machine 7. In order to prevent the flower spike from absorbing odor and antagonistic reaction with metal ions during the drying process, the conventional plastic and stainless steel drying and sterilizing conveyor belt is replaced by a conveyor belt with a double-layer structure of nanofiber and bamboo pad, which can not only prevent the plastic odor from entering the flower spike, but also prevent the metal ion antagonistic reaction from occurring, and especially make it have a light and elegant bamboo fragrance. The technical effect of the tunnel type microwave drying and sterilizing machine used in the present invention is that it can not only keep the emerald green color of the flower spike and improve the orchid fragrance, but also will not lose the nutritional health care substances contained therein, especially the nano ceramic shielding plate on the outer cover of the microwave generator box can weaken the microwave radiation intensity and reduce the separation and breakage rate of the flower stem; the drying and sterilizing conveyor belt 71 is replaced by a double-layer conveyor belt of nanofiber and bamboo pad, which can prevent the entry of odor and the occurrence of adverse antagonistic reaction of metal ions, and especially has a light and elegant bamboo fragrance.

[0058] In order to realize continuous transportation, the outlet of the drying and sterilizing conveyor belt 71 in the tunnel is connected to the storage bin 921 on the weighing and filling machine 92 through the inclined lifting conveyor belt 11, so that the dried and sterilized chrysanthemum orchid flowers can be input into the storage bin 921.

[0059] like Figures 8 to 10 As shown, the intelligent nitrogen filling packaging machine 9 includes a can washing and sterilizing machine 91, a weighing and filling machine 92, a nitrogen filling machine 93 and a film sealing and capping machine 94 which are arranged in sequence.

[0060] The can washing and sterilizing machine 91 includes a first porcelain can conveyor belt 911, a hot air can washing machine 912 and a can grabbing robot 913 arranged above the first porcelain can conveyor belt 911. The hot air can washing machine 912 is a trumpet-shaped structure and can output a high temperature of 80-85°C. The can grabbing robot 913 takes the porcelain cans from the first porcelain can conveyor belt 911, faces the hot air outlet of the hot air can washing machine 912, rotates 180 degrees clockwise and 180 degrees reversely, and uses the output high temperature of 80-85°C to wash away debris and odors in the porcelain cans and kill microorganisms and bacteria, so that the porcelain cans can be filled with dried chrysanthemum flowers cleanly and sterilely.

[0061] A second porcelain can conveyor belt 95 is provided below the weighing and filling machine 92, the nitrogen filling machine 93 and the film sealing and capping machine 94, and the porcelain cans are sequentially passed through the weighing and filling machine 92, the nitrogen filling machine 93 and the film sealing and capping machine 94 by the second porcelain can conveyor belt 95. A robot is used between the second porcelain can conveyor belt 95 and the first porcelain can conveyor belt 911 to transfer the porcelain cans from the first porcelain can conveyor belt 911 to the second porcelain can conveyor belt 95.

[0062] The weighing and filling machine 92 is a vertical weighing and filling integrated machine, including a storage bin 921, an electronic weighing platform 922 arranged below the storage bin 921, and a telescopic feeding cylinder 923 arranged below the electronic weighing platform 922. When the porcelain jar is sterilized by hot air washing, it is sent to the weighing and filling machine 92 by the conveyor belt, and the telescopic feeding cylinder 923 is inserted into the mouth of the porcelain jar, and the valve of the storage bin 921 opens automatically, and the dried flowers of the pearl orchid fall onto the electronic weighing platform 922, and are weighed according to the set weighing weight. After the weighing is completed, the platform outlet automatically opens, and the dried flowers fall directly into the porcelain jar through the telescopic feeding cylinder 923. The telescopic feeding cylinder 923 includes an upper material cylinder 9231 and a lower material cylinder 9232 sleeved outside the upper material cylinder 9231. A push-pull cylinder 9233 is also fixedly installed on the upper material cylinder 9231. The movable end of the push-pull cylinder 9233 is connected to the lower material cylinder 9232, thereby driving the lower material cylinder 9232 to move up and down to achieve telescoping.

[0063] The nitrogen filling machine 93 is a cover needle tube type nitrogen filling machine, which is composed of a telescopic cover 931, a nitrogen filling needle tube 932, and a nitrogen inlet pipe 933. The telescopic cover 931 is made of stainless steel, and its diameter matches the mouth of the porcelain jar so as to cover the mouth of the porcelain jar tightly for nitrogen filling. The upper end of the telescopic cover 931 is connected with a telescopic rod 9311, which drives the telescopic cover 931 to move up and down. The telescopic rod 9311 can adopt the same structural design as the telescopic feeding cylinder 923. The nitrogen filling needle tube 932 is arranged on the telescopic cover 931, including an injection metering cylinder 9322 fixed on the telescopic cover 931, a needle 9321 arranged at the front end of the injection metering cylinder 9322, and an injection plug 9323 arranged in the injection metering cylinder 9322, and a pressure pump 9324 whose movable end is connected to the injection plug 9323 to control the up and down movement of the injection plug 9323. In order to be able to fill porcelain jars of different volumes with different set amounts of nitrogen, the injection metering cylinder 9322 is provided with scale markings, and nitrogen is injected according to the set amount of scale through the injection plug 9323. The injection plug 9323 is also connected to a nitrogen inlet pipe 933 to supply nitrogen. One end of the nitrogen inlet pipe 933 is fixed to the injection plug 9323, and the other end is connected to the nitrogen generator 10 to provide more than 95% high-purity nitrogen in the metering cylinder to be injected into the porcelain jar. When the weighed and filled porcelain jar is transported to the nitrogen filling machine 93 by the conveyor belt, the telescopic cover 931 falls and tightly covers the jar mouth, the nitrogen filling needle 9321 is first inserted into the porcelain jar, the metering cylinder sets the nitrogen filling amount according to the scale marking, and then the pressure pump pushes the injection plug in the cylinder to accurately inject the set nitrogen into the porcelain jar, and the dried flowers are nitrogen-filled, deoxygenated and preserved. After the nitrogen filling is completed, the telescopic cover is lifted to prepare for the next porcelain jar to be filled with nitrogen in the same way for preservation, thus continuously performing the nitrogen filling and preservation operation.

[0064] The film sealing and capping machine 94 is further composed of a film sticking robot 941 and a capping robot 942. The film sticking robot 941 is a five-finger structure, which can simulate the five fingers of a human hand to stick the film under the control of the PLC system. The capping robot 942 is a full hand structure, which can simulate the human hand to suck the sealing outer cover into the hand for capping under the control of the PLC system. When the porcelain can is transported to the film sealing and capping machine by the conveyor belt after nitrogen filling, the film sticking robot accurately covers the seaweed polyester sealing film on the mouth of the porcelain can, and then the capping robot drives the robot through the rotating shaft to put the outer cover on the mouth of the porcelain can after film sealing, and finally the capping robot is rotated in a clockwise direction by the rocker arm to tighten the can lid and seal it. The technical effect of the intelligent nitrogen filling packaging machine used in the present invention is: equipped with a horn hot air washing and sterilizing machine, the clean and sterile porcelain jar can be filled with dried chrysanthemum orchid flowers, equipped with a cover needle-tube nitrogen filling machine, which can accurately fill high-purity nitrogen according to the set amount, and equipped with a film sealing and capping machine, through the film sticking robot and the capping robot simulating human hands, the seaweed polyester sealing film is accurately covered on the mouth of the porcelain jar and tightened to seal, and the dried chrysanthemum orchid flowers are anaerobic sealed and sterile packaged. The dried chrysanthemum orchid flowers preserved by the nitrogen filling method can maintain their emerald green color and fragrant orchid fragrance when stored in a room temperature environment for 5 years, and the shelf life can be extended by 2-3 years compared with the conventional sealing packaging method.

[0065] The present invention is described above by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned methods. As long as various non-substantial improvements are made using the method concept and technical solution of the present invention; or the above concept and technical solution of the present invention are directly applied to other occasions without improvement, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing dried chrysanthemum orchid flowers using exogenous biological enzymes, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) Picking: Spray the plants with sodium vitamin C solution before picking, and pick the spikes of buds about 2-3 cm long with stems and flowers after 30-40 minutes; 2) Antioxidant flower cultivation: evenly spread the picked flower spikes on a screen-type flower cultivation machine for temperature and humidity control for 1-3 hours, and then spray the same concentration of sodium vitamin C solution in step 1) for antioxidant and natural flower cultivation for 1.5-2 hours; Settings: Spreading thickness is 4-6cm, flower growing temperature is 20-25℃, and flower growing humidity is 75-85﹪; 3) Electric heat fixing: The flower spikes after antioxidant flower cultivation are put into the electric heat fixing machine for fixing. The fixing temperature is set to 90-95℃ and the time is 4-5min, so that the water content is reduced to 40-45﹪; 4) Antioxidant drying with enzyme: The flower spikes after electric heating are put into an enzyme cold air drying machine to quickly cool down and spray catalase solution for antioxidant drying; Settings: cold air volume is 50-60 cubic meters / min, flower drying temperature is 20-25℃, flower drying humidity is 75-85﹪, and flower drying time is 40-50 minutes; 5) Microwave drying sterilization: the flower spikes after enzyme antioxidant drying are put into a microwave drying machine for drying, the drying temperature is set to 75-85°C, the drying time is 3-5min, and the moisture content after drying is ≤8.5%; 6) Nitrogen filling for preservation: The flower spikes sterilized by microwave drying are input into the intelligent nitrogen filling packaging machine for nitrogen filling and sealed packaging.

2. The method for preparing dried pearl orchid flowers using exogenous biological enzymes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentration of the sodium vitamin C solution in step 1) is 55-65%.

3. The method for preparing dried pearl orchid flowers using exogenous biological enzymes as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 4), the mass ratio of catalase addition to flower spike is 0.03-0.05%, the concentration of catalase solution is 80-85%, and the Ph value of catalase solution is 6-6.

5.

4. The method for preparing dried pearl orchid flowers using exogenous biological enzymes as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The screen-type flower-growing machine comprises a flower-growing cooling trough (11), wherein the flower-growing cooling trough (11) is provided with an upper and lower layer structure, wherein the upper layer is a temperature-controlling and humidifying flower-growing layer (12), and the lower layer is an antioxidant natural flower-growing layer (13), wherein a humidifier (14) is provided at the feed end of the temperature-controlling and humidifying flower-growing layer (12), and an enzyme adding device (15) is provided at the feed end of the antioxidant natural flower-growing layer (13), wherein the temperature-controlling and humidifying flower-growing layer (12) and the antioxidant natural flower-growing layer (13) are provided with an enzyme adding device (15 ... A temperature and humidity sensor (16) is arranged in the flower layer (13), and a hot and cold air blower (18) is also arranged. The cold air blower (18) is provided with two cold air pipes (181) and one hot air pipe (182). The air outlets of the hot air pipe (182) and one cold air pipe (181) are arranged at the feed end of the temperature control and humidification flower growing layer (12), and the air outlet of the other cold air pipe (181) is arranged at the feed end of the antioxidant natural flower growing layer (13).

5. The method for preparing dried chrysanthemum orchid flowers using exogenous biological enzymes as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The electric heating fixing machine comprises an electric heating fixing tank (21), an aluminum alloy louvered plate conveyor belt (22) arranged in the electric heating fixing tank (21), and a group of electric heating pipes (23) arranged below the electric heating fixing tank (21), wherein a stainless steel blocking plate (24) is arranged between the electric heating pipes (23) and the electric heating fixing tank (21).

6. The method for preparing dried pearl orchid flowers using exogenous biological enzymes as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The enzyme-added cold air flower drying machine comprises an antioxidant flower drying box (31), wherein a first cold air enzyme-added antioxidant layer (32), a second cold air enzyme-added antioxidant layer (33) and a natural drying antioxidant layer (34) are sequentially arranged in the antioxidant flower drying box (31) from top to bottom; a drying conveyor belt (35) is arranged at the bottom of each layer, wherein the drying conveyor belt (35) is a nanofiber conveyor belt, wherein the drying conveyor belt (35) is a wavy structure and laser micropores are arranged on the drying conveyor belt (35); and a cold air blower (4) is also arranged, wherein the cold air blower (4) is provided with two cold air ducts (41), and the air outlets of the two cold air ducts (41) are respectively arranged at the feed inlets of the first cold air enzyme-added antioxidant layer (32) and the second cold air enzyme-added antioxidant layer (33).

7. The method for preparing dried pearl orchid flowers using exogenous biological enzymes as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The microwave drying machine is a tunnel type microwave drying sterilizer, the microwave output power of which is ≥20KW, the microwave output frequency is 2450MHz, a microwave generator is arranged under the tunnel wall of the microwave drying machine, and a 100-150 mesh nano ceramic radiation shielding plate is arranged at the microwave radiation outlet of the microwave generator box.

8. The method for preparing dried pearl orchid flowers using exogenous biological enzymes as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent nitrogen filling packaging machine in step 6) comprises a can washing and sterilizing machine, a weighing and filling machine, a nitrogen filling machine and a film sealing and capping machine which are arranged in sequence; the empty porcelain cans are first cleaned and sterilized by the can washing and sterilizing machine, then sent to the weighing and filling machine for filling, and then nitrogen is filled into the filled porcelain cans by the nitrogen filling machine, and finally the film sealing and capping machine performs film sealing and capping to complete the packaging.

Images