Ore sorting equipment and ore identification method based on dual-energy XRT transmission technology

Abstract

The invention provides ore sorting equipment based on a dual-energy XRT transmission technology and an ore recognition method, and relates to the field of ore dressing. The ore sorting equipment is mainly composed of a material box, a rubber sliding groove, a feeding roller, an imaging unit, a waste rock recognition system and a blocking and sorting system, the core of the ore sorting equipment is that multiple transmission images at different angles can be obtained through rolling of ore particles in the rubber sliding groove, and then the distribution situation of minerals in the ore particles is accurately obtained through image analysis. According to the ore recognition method, the ratio of the volume of a target mineral or associated minerals thereof to the volume of the ore particles is solved by analyzing transmission images of the ore particles at different rolling angles, and if the volume ratio is larger than a sorting threshold value, it is judged that the ore particles are concentrate ore; if the volume ratio is larger than a sorting threshold value, it is judged that the ore particles are waste rocks. The ore identification method with the volume ratio as the sorting threshold value can truly reflect the ore content of the ore, and the ore grade misestimation cannot be caused.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention specifically relates to an ore sorting device and an ore identification method based on dual-energy XRT transmission technology, and relates to the technical field of ore dressing. Background Art

[0002] Newly mined ore contains a large amount of gangue and low-grade ore that has lost its extraction value. For the sake of convenience, the above gangue and low-grade ore are collectively referred to as waste rock. The function of ore sorting equipment is to separate the waste rock and retain only the medium- and high-grade ores with extraction value. These medium- and high-grade ores include ores embedded in or wrapped in gangue. The significance of ore sorting is not only reflected in energy conservation and environmental protection, cost reduction and efficiency improvement, but also has a far-reaching impact on the sustainable use of resources. It is estimated that ore sorting can reduce energy consumption and tailings emissions by 30-50%, which is equivalent to reducing the beneficiation cost by 15-30%, greatly improving the utilization rate of resources.

[0003] The working principle of ore sorting equipment is to use the penetration characteristics of X-rays in different materials. The penetration characteristics of X-rays are related to the density, atomic number and thickness of the mineral. X-rays have low penetration for high-density or high-atomic-number minerals (such as metal ores), and the detector can detect images with a larger grayscale; X-rays have high penetration for low-density minerals (such as quartz and gangue), and the detector can detect images with a smaller grayscale.

[0004] Existing ore sorting equipment mainly consists of a feed hopper, a conveyor belt, an X-ray source, a detector, an industrial camera, an image recognition and positioning tracking system, and an air gun blowing system. Ore particles are placed in the hopper, the conveyor belt drives the ore particles forward, the X-ray source and the detector obtain the transmission image or fluorescence spectrum of the ore particles, the image recognition and positioning tracking system identifies, locates and tracks waste rock, and the air gun blowing system sorts out the waste rock. However, in actual use, it is found that the existing ore sorting equipment has the following defects: 1. Existing ore sorting equipment can only illuminate ore particles at a single angle. The system cannot fully obtain the three-dimensional distribution information of minerals in ore particles, which may underestimate or overestimate the grade of the ore. For example, when high-density minerals are concentrated in an area with a smaller projection, the low-transmittance signal in other areas will lower the overall judgment of the ore grade. For another example, when high-density minerals are dispersed in an area with a larger thickness, the low-penetration signal of the large thickness will raise the overall judgment of the ore grade. Underestimating the grade of the ore will cause the loss of ore resources, and overestimating the grade of the ore will increase energy consumption and tailings emissions.

[0005] 2. Existing ore identification methods all distinguish between concentrate and waste rock based on whether the target mineral is displayed in the transmission image and the size of the target mineral display area. This identification method ignores the proportion of the target mineral in the ore particles, and may identify large-volume low-grade ores as concentrate and small-volume medium- and high-grade ores as waste rock.

[0006] 3. Ore particles are randomly scattered on the conveyor belt, and it is difficult for the image recognition and positioning tracking system and the air exhaust gun blowing system to accurately sort the waste rock.

[0007] 4. Ore particles sometimes stack up on the conveyor belt, and identification and sorting errors may occur.

[0008] Search literature: Chinese Patent: CN 108067439 A Chinese Patent: CN 118926129 A Chinese Patent: CN 118142876 A Chinese Patent: CN 118287399 A Experimental study of XRT intelligent sorting machine in Fankou lead-zinc mine "Mining Research and Development" 2019 Issue 12 Research and practice on the application of XRT intelligent pre-selection and discarding technology in China Metal Mining 2024 Issue 8 Summary of the invention

[0009] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the background technology, the present invention discloses an ore sorting device and an ore identification method based on dual-energy XRT transmission technology, the purpose of which is: 1. Irradiate the ore particles at multiple angles to accurately obtain the distribution of minerals within the ore particles; 2. The volume ratio of the target mineral to the ore is used as the basis for determination to improve the recognition accuracy of ore particles; 2. Simplify the structure, improve the accuracy of picking, and avoid the stacking of ore particles.

[0010] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: Technical solution 1:

[0011] An ore sorting device based on dual-energy XRT transmission technology, comprising: A material box containing ore particles; Multiple rows of rubber chutes, along which the ore particles can roll down; The feeding roller is horizontally arranged in the material box and is used to put the ore particles in the material box one by one onto the top of the slope of the multiple rows of rubber chutes; At least three imaging units consisting of X-ray sources and detectors, using dual-energy XRT transmission technology to obtain transmission images of ore particles rolling down in multiple rows of rubber chutes; A waste rock identification system to identify waste rock and mark the rubber chutes where the waste rock is located; The blocking system includes a sensor and a blocking mechanism correspondingly arranged at the bottom of the rubber chute. When the blocking system learns that there is waste rock in a rubber chute and the sensor senses that the waste rock enters the bottom of the slope, the blocking mechanism is activated to change the throwing trajectory of the waste rock.

[0012] After implementing technical solution 1, the beneficial effects produced by the present invention are: 1. The rubber chute has enough friction to make the ore particles roll instead of sliding. Secondly, as a carrier of ore particles, the rubber chute has uniform low transmission characteristics, which can eliminate the interference of the carrier on the transmission image. In addition, the rubber chute has a rib. First, the rib can restrict the rolling path of the ore particles, so that the ore particles can only roll in a certain rubber chute; second, the rib can show parallel dark stripes on the transmission image, which helps the waste rock identification system and the barrier selection system to locate which rubber chute the waste rock appears in.

[0013] 2. In the prior art, when the X-ray source irradiates the ore particles, the ore particles either move horizontally with the conveyor belt or are in a falling state. The present invention uses a rubber chute to make the ore particles roll, and can obtain multiple transmission images of the ore particles at different rolling angles without affecting the production efficiency, and then accurately obtain the distribution of minerals in the ore particles through image analysis.

[0014] 3. Compared with XRF transmission technology, dual-energy XRT transmission technology can produce high-energy rays and low-energy rays. Under the irradiation of dual-energy rays, materials with the same atomic number absorb low-energy rays and high-energy rays to different degrees. In this way, the target mineral can be distinguished from other substances by comparison, forming a target mineral distribution area with obvious grayscale difference.

[0015] 4. Compared with the prior art, the present invention does not require industrial cameras and complex positioning and tracking systems, and can improve the reliability and accuracy of picking only through rubber slides and sensors.

[0016] 5. The feeding roller can ensure that only one ore particle enters the rubber chute at a time, solving the problem of easy stacking of ore particles.

[0017] Improved technical solution 2 based on technical solution 1: A horizontal trip bar is arranged on the bottom surface of the multiple rows of rubber slideways to block the ore particles and cause the ore particles to roll, and the horizontal trip bar is arranged between two adjacent imaging units.

[0018] After implementing Technical Solution 2, the beneficial effect produced is: under special circumstances, the ore particles may slide in the rubber chute, and the provision of a horizontal trip bar can force the ore particles to roll.

[0019] Improved technical solution 3 based on technical solution 1: A plurality of rows of stone containing cavities that can only accommodate one ore particle are arranged in a circumferential array on the surface of the feeding drum. When the feeding drum rotates, the ore particles in the material box are placed one by one on the top of the slope of the plurality of rows of rubber chutes through the stone containing cavities.

[0020] After implementing Technical Solution 3, the beneficial effect produced is: the provision of the stone containing cavity can ensure that only one ore particle enters the rubber chute when the feeding roller rotates.

[0021] Improved technical solution 4 based on technical solution 3: A horizontally rotatable material shifting plate is provided in the material box, and the material shifting plate is used to shift the ore particles to the side of the upper material drum so that the ore particles enter the stone containing cavity.

[0022] After implementing Technical Solution 4, the beneficial effect produced is: a material-pickup plate is provided in the material box, which helps the ore particles to enter the stone-containing cavity without leaving any empty space.

[0023] An ore identification method applied to technical solutions 1-4 calculates the volume ratio of the target mineral or its associated minerals to the volume of the ore particles by analyzing the transmission images of the ore particles at different rolling angles. If the volume ratio is greater than the sorting threshold, the ore particles are determined to be concentrate; if the volume ratio is greater than the sorting threshold, the ore particles are determined to be waste rock.

[0024] After implementing the above ore identification method, the beneficial effects produced by the present invention are: This ore identification method does not rely on the size of the target mineral display area to distinguish between concentrate and waste rock, nor does it rely on the area ratio of the target mineral display area to the ore outline to distinguish between concentrate and waste rock. Instead, it uses the ratio of the volume of the target mineral or its associated minerals to the volume of the ore particles as the sorting standard. This ore identification method that uses volume ratio as the sorting threshold can truly reflect the mineral content of the ore and will not cause misestimation of the ore grade.

[0025] For precious metal ores such as gold ore, the mineral content itself is very small. If gold ore is used as the target mineral, it is difficult to show it in the transmission image. The associated minerals of gold include silver, copper, lead, zinc, pyrite, galena, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, etc. These associated minerals have high content and are closely related to the formation of gold ore. They can replace gold elements as the basis for ore identification.

[0026] Implementation scheme 1 based on the above-mentioned ore identification method: obtain the projection outline of the ore particles and the projection shape of the target mineral in each transmission image, reconstruct the three-dimensional structure of the ore particles and the target mineral by a filtered back projection algorithm or an iterative reconstruction algorithm, and then calculate the volume and volume ratio of the target mineral and ore particles respectively.

[0027] The advantage of implementation scheme 1 is that it can intuitively display the three-dimensional structure of the target mineral, but its disadvantages are large amount of calculation, slow system response time, and easy occurrence of artifacts.

[0028] Implementation 2 based on the above ore identification method: Select three transmission images and obtain the projection area of ​​the ore particle outline by counting the number of pixels in the area. And the projected area of ​​the target mineral distribution area Then according to the formula Estimate the volume of the target mineral distribution area The ratio of the volume V of the ore particles.

[0029] Implementation scheme 2 is applicable to the case where the shapes of ore particles and target minerals are close to cubes or cuboids. Its advantages are small calculation amount and the volume ratio can be calculated in a very short time. Its disadvantage is large error.

[0030] Implementation scheme 3 based on the above-mentioned ore identification method: select a transmission image, divide the projection outline of the ore particles into the gangue distribution area and the target mineral distribution area, and obtain the projection area S of the ore particle outline and the projection area of ​​the target mineral distribution area by counting the number of pixels in the area. ; The average thickness H of the ore particles is calculated based on the average grayscale in the gangue distribution area, and the average thickness H of the target mineral distribution area is calculated based on the average grayscale in the target mineral distribution area. , then according to the formula Calculate the volume of the target mineral distribution area The volume ratio of the target mineral to the ore particle volume V. Select multiple transmission images, and calculate the volume ratio of the target mineral distribution area to the ore particle volume, and then take the average volume ratio of each volume ratio as the volume ratio of the target mineral to the ore particle.

[0031] The advantages of implementation scheme 3 are wide applicability, small amount of calculation, fast system response time and small error. It is an ideal method with practical value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Attached Figure 1 Shown is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the ore sorting equipment.

[0033] Attached Figure 2 Shown is a schematic diagram of the structure of the material box and the rubber slide.

[0034] Attached Figure 3 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of a feeding roller.

[0035] Attached Figure 4 FIG. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of an imaging unit.

[0036] Attached Figure 5 What is shown is the structural schematic diagram of the gear selection system.

[0037] Attached Figure 6 Shown is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the ore sorting equipment.

[0038] Attached Figure 7 Shown is a schematic diagram of target minerals and ore particles in Embodiment 2.

[0039] Attached Figure 8 Shown is a schematic diagram of target minerals and ore particles in Embodiment 3.

[0040] In the attached figure: 1. material box; 1.1. material stripping plate; 2. rubber slide; 2.1. side guard; 2.2. horizontal trip bar; 3. feeding roller; 3.1. stone cavity; 4. imaging unit; 4.1. X-ray source; 4.2. detector; 4.3. fixing frame; 5. selection system; 5.1. sensor; 5.2. baffle; 5.3. cylinder; 5.4 suspension. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these preferred embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "front", "rear", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside" and other terms indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. This is only for the convenience of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or component must have a specific orientation and positional relationship, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. It should also be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or the internal connection of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] An ore sorting device based on dual-energy XRT transmission technology relates to the field of ore dressing and is mainly used to solve the problem of inaccurate ore grade identification in the prior art. The composition structure and working principle of the ore sorting device are specifically described below.

[0043] See attached Figure 1 The ore sorting equipment is mainly composed of a material box 1, a rubber chute 2, a feeding roller 3, an imaging unit 4, a waste rock identification system and a blocking system 5.

[0044] See attached Figure 2 , attached Figure 2 The figure shows the structural diagram of the material box and the rubber slide. Figure 2 It can be seen that the material box 1 has an oblique opening, and multiple rows of rubber chutes 2 with retaining edges 2.1 are overlapped at the oblique opening of the material box 1. Since the rubber chutes 2 have a certain inclination angle and the rubber chutes 2 have sufficiently large friction, the ore particles can roll down along the rubber chutes 2 instead of sliding.

[0045] In order to ensure that the ore particles roll on the rubber chute 2, a horizontal trip bar 2.2 with a small protruding height is arranged on the bottom surface of the rubber chute 2. The horizontal trip bar 2.2 can block the ore particles and force the ore particles to change from a sliding state to a rolling state.

[0046] As a carrier of ore particles, the rubber chute 2 has a uniform low transmission characteristic, which can eliminate the interference of the carrier on the transmission image. The retaining edge 2.1 of the rubber chute 2 can restrict the rolling path of the ore particles, so that the ore particles can only roll in a certain rubber chute 2. In addition, the retaining edge 2.1 can show parallel dark stripes on the transmission image, which helps the waste rock identification system and the barrier selection system 5 to locate in which rubber chute 2 the waste rock appears.

[0047] See attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 3 , attached Figure 3 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the feeding roller. The feeding roller 3 is horizontally arranged in the material box 1, and is used to place the ore particles in the material box 1 one by one on the top of the slope of the multiple rows of rubber chutes 2. Specifically, multiple rows of stone containing cavities 3.1 that can only accommodate one ore particle are arranged in a circumferential array on the cylinder surface of the feeding roller 3. When the feeding roller 3 rotates, the ore particles in the material box 1 can be placed one by one on the top of the slope of the multiple rows of rubber chutes 2 through the stone containing cavities 3.1, so as to avoid multiple ore particles from entering the same rubber chute 2 at the same time. In addition, a horizontally rotatable material shifting plate 1.1 is arranged in the material box 1, and the material shifting plate 1.1 is used to shift the ore particles to one side of the feeding roller 3 to ensure that all ore particles can enter the stone containing cavity 3.1 without leaving any empty space.

[0048] Most of the ore particles after crushing and classification are in block or spherical shape, and a small part is in flake, strip or other shapes. The stone chamber 3.1 has a square entrance, which is suitable for block or spherical ore particles to enter the stone chamber 3.1. This design is equivalent to a screening of the ore particles, ensuring that each ore particle has a small shape and volume difference.

[0049] See attached Figure 4 , attached Figure 4 The structure of the imaging unit is shown in FIG. Figure 4 It can be seen that three groups of imaging units 4 are installed at equal intervals on the rubber chute 2, and a plurality of horizontal trip bars 2.2 are arranged between the three groups of imaging units 4. The imaging unit 4 is composed of an X-ray source 4.1 arranged just above the rubber chute 2 and a detector 4.2 arranged just below the rubber chute 2, and a fixing frame 4.3 is arranged between the X-ray source 4.1 and the detector 4.2. The imaging unit 4 can obtain the transmission image of the ore particles rolling down in the multiple rows of rubber chute 2 by emitting and receiving X-rays. Since the imaging unit 4 adopts dual-energy XRT transmission technology, it can distinguish the target minerals in the transmission image from other substances and form a clear target mineral distribution area. It is worth noting that more imaging units 4 can be arranged, so that more transmission images can be obtained, and more transmission images help to improve the recognition accuracy of ore particles.

[0050] The transmission image acquired by the imaging unit 4 is transmitted to the waste rock identification system, and the waste rock identification system is used to identify the waste rock and mark the rubber chute where the waste rock is located.

[0051] See attached Figure 5 , attached Figure 5 The diagram shows the structure of the gear selection system. Figure 5 It can be seen that the barrier system 5 is mainly composed of sensors 5.1 and barrier mechanisms arranged in an array at the bottom of the rubber chute 2. The number of sensors 5.1 and barrier mechanisms corresponds to the number of rubber chute 2.

[0052] In this embodiment, the blocking mechanism is composed of a baffle 5.2 and a cylinder 5.3, wherein the baffle 5.2 is hinged on the suspension 5.4, and the cylinder 5.3 is hinged between the suspension 5.4 and the baffle 5.2. When the cylinder 5.3 is in an extended state, the baffle 5.2 is lifted up; when the cylinder 5.3 is in a retracted state, the baffle 5.2 is pressed down.

[0053] Working principle: See attached Figure 6During operation, the material shifting plate 1.1 rotates clockwise to shift the ore particles to one side of the upper material roller 3, and the upper material roller 3 rotates counterclockwise to place the ore particles in the material box 1 one by one on the top of the slope of the multiple rows of rubber chutes 2. The ore particles enter the rubber chutes 2 and roll downward. During the rolling of the ore particles, the waste rock identification system can obtain three transmission images of the ore particles at different rolling angles through the imaging unit 4, and then identify the waste rock by analyzing the transmission images, and mark the rubber chute 2 where the waste rock is located.

[0054] When the blocking system 5 learns that there is waste rock in a certain rubber chute 2, and the sensor 5.1 corresponding to the rubber chute 2 senses that the waste rock has entered the bottom of the slope, the cylinder 5.3 corresponding to the rubber chute 2 will retract immediately, driving the baffle 5.2 to press down, thereby changing the falling trajectory of the waste rock by blocking it and causing the waste rock to fall into the waste bin 1.

[0055] In order to reveal the working principle of the ore sorting equipment in more depth, the present invention also provides an ore identification method, the core idea of ​​which is to find the ratio of the volume of the target mineral or its associated mineral to the volume of the ore particle by analyzing the transmission image of the ore particle at different rolling angles. If the volume ratio is greater than the sorting threshold, the ore particle is determined to be a concentrate; if the volume ratio is greater than the sorting threshold, the ore particle is determined to be a waste rock.

[0056] The volume ratio of the target mineral volume to the ore particles is an important basis for testing the ore content in the laboratory, and can truly reflect the grade of the ore. However, the difficulty of this identification method is that it is difficult to obtain the volume of each ore particle and the target mineral therein in a very short time by conventional detection means, while ensuring that the ore sorting equipment can sort 40-120 tons of ore per hour. To this end, the present invention provides three volume ratio calculation methods.

[0057] Implementation scheme 1: Obtain the projection outline of the ore particles and the projection shape of the target mineral in each transmission image, reconstruct the three-dimensional structure of the ore particles and the target mineral by using a filtered back projection algorithm or an iterative reconstruction algorithm, and then calculate the volume and volume ratio of the target mineral and the ore particles respectively.

[0058] The filtered back projection algorithm and iterative reconstruction algorithm are widely used image reconstruction methods in the field of medical CT. By analyzing multiple transmission images, two-dimensional images can be reconstructed into three-dimensional images to reproduce the three-dimensional structure of target minerals and ore particles. The advantage of this method is that it can intuitively display the three-dimensional structure of target minerals and ore particles, and it is easy to obtain the volume of target minerals and ore particles by counting the number of voxels; the disadvantage is that many transmission images need to be provided, and feature points need to be selected as reference coordinates, which has problems such as large amount of calculation, slow system response time, and easy appearance of artifacts.

[0059] Implementation Plan 2: Refer to the attached Figure 7 , select three transmission images, and obtain the projection area of ​​the ore particle outline by counting the number of pixels in the area , and the projected area of ​​the target mineral distribution area Then according to the formula Estimate the volume of the target mineral distribution area The ratio of the volume V of the ore particles.

[0060] This volume ratio calculation method is suitable for the case where the shapes of ore particles and target minerals are close to cubes or cuboids. Its advantages are small calculation amount and the volume ratio can be calculated in a very short time; its disadvantage is that the acquired transmission image cannot guarantee that the cuboids are in a straight-view state, and the estimated volume is greater than the actual volume. However, since the volumes of ore particles and target minerals are both overestimated, this volume ratio calculation method is still valuable for judging ore grade.

[0061] Implementation Plan 3: Refer to the attached Figure 8 , select a transmission image, after knowing the projection outline of the ore particles and the distribution area of ​​the target mineral, divide the projection outline of the ore particles into the gangue distribution area and the target mineral distribution area, and obtain the projection area S of the ore particle outline and the projection area of ​​the target mineral distribution area by counting the number of pixels in the area The average thickness H of the ore particles is calculated based on the average grayscale in the gangue distribution area, and the average thickness H of the target mineral distribution area is calculated based on the average grayscale in the target mineral distribution area. , then according to the formula Calculate the volume of the target mineral distribution area The ratio of the volume V of the ore particles.

[0062] The characteristic of this volume ratio calculation method is that the target minerals and ore particles are regarded as irregular columns, and the target minerals, gangue and their areas can be distinguished according to the grayscale of the transmission image. , the detector receiving intensity I, the thickness of the transmitted material h, and the ray attenuation coefficient u of different materials, so it can be calculated by the X-ray transmission formula Calculate the average thickness of the target minerals respectively and the average thickness H of the gangue, and then calculate the volume of the target mineral distribution area The ratio of the target mineral to the ore particle volume V. Since the target mineral has a large radiation attenuation coefficient and the detector receives a small X-ray intensity, the average thickness of the target mineral is It is smaller than the average thickness H of the ore particles, which indirectly proves that the target mineral is embedded or encapsulated in the gangue. The advantages of this volume ratio calculation method are that it is applicable to most ore particles, has a small amount of calculation, a fast system response time, and a small error. It is an ideal and practical method.

[0063] Furthermore, since a volume ratio can be calculated for each transmission image, multiple transmission images can be selected and the ratio of the volume of the target mineral distribution area to the volume of the ore particles can be calculated. These volume ratios are then averaged and the average volume ratio is used as the volume ratio of the target mineral to the ore particles in the ore particles. Obviously, this averaging algorithm can eliminate the influence of deviations and is closer to the true volume ratio.

[0064] It is worth noting that the contents not described in detail in the above embodiments are prior art. It is also worth noting that for those skilled in the art, any addition, subtraction, replacement and improvement made under the structure and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ore sorting device based on dual-energy XRT transmission technology, characterized in that: include: A material box containing ore particles; Multiple rows of rubber chutes, along which the ore particles can roll down; The feeding roller is horizontally arranged in the material box and is used to put the ore particles in the material box one by one onto the top of the slope of the multiple rows of rubber chutes; At least three imaging units consisting of X-ray sources and detectors, using dual-energy XRT transmission technology to obtain transmission images of ore particles rolling down in multiple rows of rubber chutes; A waste rock identification system to identify waste rock and mark the rubber chutes where the waste rock is located; The blocking system includes a sensor and a blocking mechanism correspondingly arranged at the bottom of the rubber chute. When the blocking system learns that there is waste rock in a rubber chute and the sensor senses that the waste rock enters the bottom of the slope, the blocking mechanism is activated to change the throwing trajectory of the waste rock.

2. The ore sorting equipment based on dual-energy XRT transmission technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: A horizontal trip bar used to block the ore particles and make the ore particles roll is arranged on the bottom surface of the multiple rows of rubber slides, and the horizontal trip bar is arranged between two adjacent imaging units.

3. The ore sorting equipment based on dual-energy XRT transmission technology as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of rows of stone containing cavities which can only contain one ore particle are arranged in a circumferential array on the cylinder surface of the feeding drum. When the feeding drum rotates, the ore particles in the material box are placed one by one on the top of the slope of the plurality of rows of rubber chutes through the stone containing cavities.

4. The ore sorting equipment based on dual-energy XRT transmission technology as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: A horizontally rotatable material shifting plate is arranged in the material box, and the material shifting plate is used to shift the ore particles to one side of the upper material drum so that the ore particles enter the stone containing cavity.

5. An ore identification method applied to an ore sorting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: By analyzing the transmission images of ore particles at different rolling angles, the volume ratio of the target mineral or its associated minerals to the volume of the ore particles is calculated. If the volume ratio is greater than the sorting threshold, the ore particle is determined to be concentrate; if the volume ratio is greater than the sorting threshold, the ore particle is determined to be waste rock.

6. A method for identifying an ore according to claim 5, characterized in that: The projection outline of the ore particles and the projection shape of the target mineral in each transmission image are obtained, and the three-dimensional structure of the ore particles and the target mineral is reconstructed by a filtered back-projection algorithm or an iterative reconstruction algorithm. Then, the volume and volume ratio of the target mineral and the ore particles are calculated respectively.

7. A method for identifying minerals according to claim 5, characterized in that: Select three transmission images and obtain the projection area of ​​the ore particle outline by counting the number of pixels in the area. And the projected area of ​​the target mineral distribution area Then according to the formula Estimate the volume of the target mineral distribution area The volume of ore particles Ratio.

8. A method for identifying minerals according to claim 5, characterized in that: Select a transmission image, divide the projection outline of the ore particles into the gangue distribution area and the target mineral distribution area, and obtain the projection area S of the ore particle outline and the projection area of ​​the target mineral distribution area by counting the number of pixels in the area. ; The average thickness H of the ore particles is calculated based on the average grayscale in the gangue distribution area, and the average thickness H of the target mineral distribution area is calculated based on the average grayscale in the target mineral distribution area. , then according to the formula Calculate the volume of the target mineral distribution area The volume ratio of the ore particles to the volume V.

9. A method for identifying an ore according to claim 8, characterized in that: Select multiple transmission images and calculate the volume ratio of the target mineral distribution area to the ore particle volume, and then take the average volume ratio of each volume ratio as the volume ratio of the target mineral volume to the ore particle.

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