Processing construction method of conductive hole of cathode carbon block

Abstract

The invention relates to a processing construction method of a cathode carbon block conductive hole, which is a processing construction process method of a cathode carbon block structure in order to popularize an energy-saving and emission-reducing technology of configuring a circular cathode steel bar or a threaded rod type cathode steel bar on a cathode carbon block to construct an aluminum electrolysis cell cathode conductive device. According to the innovative technical scheme, when the machining process design of a circular cathode conductive hole or a threaded cathode conductive hole of a cathode carbon block is carried out, firstly, a chip removal process hole or a chip removal process groove communicated with the circular cathode conductive hole or the threaded cathode conductive hole is formed in the cathode carbon block; therefore, graphite particle cutting chips generated in the process of machining the circular cathode conductive hole or the threaded cathode conductive hole of the cathode carbon block by using the deep-hole sleeve type drilling and milling cutter head can be discharged from the chip removal process hole or the chip removal process groove, and a graphite carbon core rod is produced at the same time.

Description

[0001] Technical field: A method for processing and constructing conductive holes of cathode carbon blocks, which is mainly used in the processing and configuration of cathode and cathode conductive devices of aluminum electrolytic cells, namely, the processing and configuration of cathode carbon block steel rod groups.

[0002] Background technology: The cathode conductive device of an aluminum electrolytic cell is a conductive component that constructs the bottom of the electrolytic molten pool of the aluminum electrolytic cell. The cathode conductive device of the aluminum electrolytic cell commonly used is mainly composed of a cathode carbon block and a cathode steel rod. Its structural feature is that one or two concave grooves with lower openings are opened at the bottom of the cathode carbon block, and then a cathode steel rod with a rectangular cross-section is used as a bonding medium between the two by pounding and filling carbon paste, or by casting phosphorus pig iron, and the cathode carbon blocks or cathode steel rods are combined and constructed together to form a structural component of the cathode conductive device that constructs the cathode furnace lining of the aluminum electrolytic cell.

[0002] :The conductive structure of the rectangular cathode steel rod configured with a concave groove with a lower opening at the bottom of the cathode carbon block adopted by the existing aluminum electrolytic cell has been used in the domestic and foreign electrolytic aluminum industry for decades as a traditional standard component. However, due to the structural configuration of the cathode conductive component, and the limitations of the production process and equipment technology level of the traditional processing and construction of cathode carbon blocks and cathode steel rods in the past, although the thermal stress structure and conductive structure configuration of the cathode carbon block steel rod group of the existing aluminum electrolytic cell are applied to the production of electrolytic aluminum and the construction of the cathode cell lining of the aluminum electrolytic cell, there are technical defects such as short service life, high voltage drop of the overall cathode lining structure, large resistance value, low utilization rate of cathode carbon blocks, and high construction cost, but they have not been effectively and reasonably solved. Therefore, the structural configuration and processing and construction technology of the cathode conductive device of the existing aluminum electrolytic cell have become the core technical issues for energy-saving and emission-reduction production of electrolytic aluminum and extending the service life of the aluminum electrolytic cell, as well as improving the utilization rate of cathode carbon block products and reducing the cost of the cathode conductive device of the aluminum electrolytic cell.

[0003] In order to improve the utilization rate of the cathode carbon blocks of aluminum electrolytic cells, reduce the construction cost of the cathode conductive device of aluminum electrolytic cells, extend the service life of the cathode of aluminum electrolytic cells, reduce the construction and size cost of aluminum electrolytic cells, improve the utilization rate of the DC power consumption of aluminum electrolytic cells, and reduce the structural voltage drop resistance value of the cathode conductive device of aluminum electrolytic cells. The present invention is based on the existing industrial technology assembly level and industrial machinery capabilities of my country, and collaboratively innovates to propose a new type of cathode conductive device for aluminum electrolytic cells, that is, a technical solution for the production process and structural configuration of cathode carbon block steel rod groups. It is referred to as a processing and construction method for anode carbon blocks configured with round or threaded rod-type cathode steel rods. That is, the technical solution described in the present invention is based on the configuration of a round cathode steel rod structure of a new type of cathode carbon block steel rod group for aluminum electrolytic cells, and is a mechanical processing and forming solution proposed to solve the problem of how to construct a round cathode conductive hole or a threaded conductive hole when assembling a round anode steel rod at the bottom of a rectangular cathode carbon block.

[0004] The technical problems to be solved by the technical scheme described in the present invention are as follows: first, to solve the problem that, on the existing rectangular anode carbon blocks, the existing drilling and milling machine processing technology is used. Since the circular conductive holes arranged on the cathode carbon blocks are deep and large in diameter, during the drilling and milling process, the cutting materials cut by the drilling and milling cutter heads are difficult to be discharged from the deep holes, resulting in the problem of high processing efficiency and low cost; second, to solve the problem of how to improve the utilization rate of cathode carbon blocks, directly convert the waste of mechanically processed cutting materials into high-value-added products urgently needed in the market, and increase the value of cutting waste, an innovative technical scheme is proposed, namely, a technical scheme for a processing and construction method of the conductive holes of cathode carbon blocks.

[0005] Content of the invention: The main innovation of the technical solution described in the present invention is: in order to facilitate the discharge of cutting particle powder from deep holes during the processing of drilling and milling machines, reduce the cutting resistance, improve the processing efficiency and extend the service life of the drilling and milling cutter head, when designing the processing technology of circular conductive holes or threaded conductive holes in cathode carbon blocks, first, a chip removal process hole or a chip removal process groove that is connected to the circular conductive hole or the threaded conductive hole is set in advance on the cathode carbon block; so that when the circular conductive holes or threaded conductive holes of the cathode carbon block are processed by a deep hole sleeve drilling and milling cutter head, the graphite particle chips generated can be discharged from the chip removal process hole or the chip removal process groove.

[0006] According to the above technical solution: the cutting drill and milling head for machining circular conductive holes or threaded conductive holes on cathode carbon blocks of the present invention is a deep hole casing drill and milling cutter head, similar to the deep hole casing drill and milling cutter head used for geological sampling, so that during the machining process of the circular conductive hole or threaded conductive hole, a complete cylindrical carbon graphite core rod is formed in the conductive hole.

[0007] According to the above technical scheme: after the deep hole cutting drilling and milling head processing process is completed, the deep hole cutting drilling and milling head is withdrawn from the cathode carbon block, and an external impact force is applied to the carbon graphite core rod constructed in the cathode conductive hole in the chip removal hole or process chip removal groove of the cathode carbon block preparation process processed in advance, so that the carbon graphite core rod is broken and separated from the cathode carbon block at the bottom of the cathode conductive hole, and it is taken out from the cathode conductive hole to form a product-grade carbon graphite conductive rod.

[0008] According to the above technical scheme: when constructing the cathode conductive threaded hole, the process procedure is to first construct a chip removal process hole or a chip removal process groove on the cathode carbon block that is connected to the bottom hole of the threaded conductive hole; then use a deep hole sleeve type drilling and milling cutter head to process the threaded conductive hole and the carbon carbon graphite core rod formed in the hole, and then take out the carbon carbon graphite core rod.

[0009] According to the above technical scheme: after completing the bottom hole process of constructing the cathode conductive threaded hole, taking out the carbon graphite core rod, and then using a deep hole sleeve drilling and milling cutter head to process the cathode outer end conductive hole corresponding to the diameter of the dragon pattern rod at the outer end of the threaded rod, and then using a tap to construct the cathode conductive threaded hole at the inner end of the cathode outer end conductive hole.

[0010] According to the above technical scheme: the cathode carbon block processed according to the above process method can produce two final carbon products, one is a cathode carbon block with circular conductive holes or threaded conductive holes; the other is a cylindrical conductive rod formed of carbon graphite material, that is, a carbon-carbon graphite core rod.

[0010] According to the above technical scheme: the cathode carbon block processed according to the above process method and provided with cathode conductive holes or cathode conductive threaded holes, and the round cathode conductive steel rod or the screw-type cathode conductive steel rod, can be assembled and configured to form a new type of cathode conductive device for aluminum electrolytic cell.

[0011] According to the above technical solution: the chip removal process hole or chip removal process groove set on the bottom or side wall of the cathode carbon block is filled and sealed with carbon conductive paste after the round cathode steel bar or threaded rod type cathode steel bar is assembled, so as to prevent the structural material from high temperature oxidation under the high temperature working condition of the aluminum electrolytic cell.

[0012] In the process of constructing and producing the aluminum electrolytic cell and the process of constructing the cathode carbon block steel bar group, the cathode carbon block and cathode conductive device constructed by the technical solution of the cathode carbon block conductive hole processing construction method described in the present invention have the following technical advantages compared with the prior art: First, the cathode carbon block with circular conductive holes or threaded holes provided by the cathode carbon block provides technical support for material components for the new type of aluminum electrolytic cell anode conductive device, i.e., the new type of cathode carbon block steel bar group equipped with circular cathode steel bars or threaded rods. Second, it provides technical support for eliminating the traditional construction process of assembling the cathode carbon block and the cathode steel bar together by using the traditional carbon pounding paste and casting phosphorus pig iron in the existing cathode steel bar group. Third, it provides technical support for reducing the structural resistance value voltage drop of the aluminum electrolytic cell and for energy saving and emission reduction of electrolytic aluminum; Fourth, it provides technical support for reducing the construction cost of the cathode carbon block steel bar group of the aluminum electrolytic cell; Fifth, when constructing and processing the cathode carbon block, a cylindrical conductive rod of carbon graphite material can be constructed at the same time, which provides technical support for improving the material utilization rate of the cathode carbon block product and reducing its production and construction material cost.

[0013] Description of the drawings: The technical solution and features of the method for processing and constructing conductive holes of a cathode carbon block described in the present invention are made clearer through the description of the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0014] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of chip removal holes and chip removal grooves in the cathode carbon block cutting process provided with circular cathode conductive holes according to Example 1 of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Side cross-sectional view.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the process of constructing and machining cathode conductive holes on anode carbon blocks using a deep hole casing drill and milling cutter according to Example 1 of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Side cross-sectional view of .

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the process of removing the carbon graphite core rod from the anode carbon block in Example 1.

[0019] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Side cross-sectional view of .

[0020] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the finished anode carbon block produced in Example 1.

[0021] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic side cross-sectional view of .

[0022] Fig. 9 This is a front view of the carbon graphite core rod which is a by-product of the processing in Example 1.

[0023] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 Side cross-sectional view of .

[0024] Fig.11 This is an assembly structure diagram of the cathode carbon block and the round cathode steel rod described in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0025] Fig.12 for Fig.11 Side cross-sectional view of .

[0026] Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the structural design of the bolt conductive holes of the cathode carbon block equipped with a bolt rod type cathode steel rod according to Example 2 of the present invention.

[0027] Fig.14 for Fig.13 Side cross-sectional view of .

[0028] Fig.15 Schematic diagram of the processing steps of the threaded bottom hole of the bolt connection in the second embodiment.

[0029] Fig.16 for Fig.15 Side cross-sectional view of .

[0030] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the processing and construction process of the polished circular female conductive hole at the outer end of the threaded conductive hole in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0031] Fig.18 for Fig.17 Side cross-sectional view of .

[0032] Fig.19 It is a schematic diagram of the processing and construction process of the threaded connection hole at the inner end of the cathode conductive hole of the cathode carbon block of Example 2 of the present invention.

[0033] Fig. 20 for Fig.19 Side cross-sectional view of .

[0034] Fig.21 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the finished anode carbon block after processing and forming in Example 2.

[0035] Fig. 22 for Fig.21 Side cross-sectional view of .

[0036] Fig.23 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly configuration of Example 2, the cathode carbon block and the screw-type cathode steel rod.

[0037] Fig.24 for Fig.23 Side cross-sectional view of .

[0038] As shown in the figure: 1 anode carbon block, 2 circular cathode conductive hole, 2-1 round rod cathode connecting conductive hole, 2-2 threaded connection cathode conductive hole, 3 chip removal process groove, 4 chip removal process hole, 5 deep hole drilling and milling cutter, 6, alloy drilling and milling cutter head, 7, threaded tap, 8 carbon graphite core rod, 9 graphite carbon filler, 10 circular cathode steel rod, 10-1 threaded smooth rod end conductive steel rod, 10-2 threaded end conductive rod, 11 internal thread bottom hole, 12 cutting process center positioning support frame.

[0039] Specific implementation method: The technical solution and technical features of the processing and construction method of the cathode carbon block conductive holes described in the present invention are made clearer through the description of the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0040] The cathode carbon block described in the present invention is an innovative technology for supporting the cathode conductive device of the aluminum electrolytic cell, that is, a technical solution for the cathode carbon block structure processing required for supporting the cathode carbon block to be equipped with a round cathode steel rod or a bolt rod type cathode steel rod.

[0041] Embodiment 1: The structure of the cathode carbon block described in the embodiment of the present invention is based on the cathode carbon block being equipped with a circular cathode steel rod, that is, a technical solution for processing and forming the cathode carbon block cathode conductive holes on a rectangular blank cathode carbon block; the processing and forming process can be carried out according to the following technical solution:

[0042] Processing step 1: Figure 1 Figure 2 As shown: the bottom surface of the blank cathode carbon block is facing upwards and fixed on the processing platform of the drilling and milling machine. First, a chip removal hole (4) or a chip removal groove (3) is processed at the bottom and side of the cathode conductive hole (2) of the cathode carbon block (1) using an end mill or a drill.

[0043] Processing step 2: Figure 3 Figure 4 As shown: On a drilling and milling machine, a deep hole sleeve drilling and milling head (5) and an alloy drilling and milling cutter head (6) are used to rotate and propel a cathode conductive hole on a cathode carbon block (1). During the drilling and milling process, carbon graphite chips formed by the alloy drilling and milling cutter head can be discharged from the chip discharge hole (4) or the chip discharge groove (3), and a graphite carbon core rod (8) is formed in the cathode conductive hole (2).

[0044] Processing step 3: Figure 5 Figure 6 As shown in the figure: after the circular cathode conductive hole (2) in the cathode carbon block (1) is formed, the deep hole sleeve type drilling and milling head (5) and the alloy drilling and milling cutter head (6) are withdrawn from the conductive hole (2) of the cathode carbon block (1). A mechanical impact force is applied to a graphite carbon core rod (8) with one end suspended in the air and the other end fixed on the cathode carbon block through a concave chip removal groove (4) arranged at the bottom of the cathode carbon block (1) or a chip removal hole (4) arranged on the side, so that the graphite carbon core rod (8) is broken and separated from the inner end of the cathode carbon block (1).

[0044] Processing step 4: Then, the graphite carbon core rod (8) is taken out from the circular cathode conductive hole (2). Two carbon graphite material finished products are formed, one is an anode carbon block (1) provided with an anode conductive hole, as shown in the figure. Figure 7 Figure 8 As shown: the other is a graphite carbon core rod (8). Fig. 9 Fig.10 shown.

[0045] Example 1 Application of processing results: Fig.11 Fig.12As shown: the cathode carbon block (1) formed by the process described in the first embodiment can be assembled with the circular cathode steel rod, that is, the circular cathode steel rod (10) corresponding to the cathode conductive hole is embedded and assembled into the cathode conductive hole from the side end of the anode carbon block, and the circular cathode steel rod (10) and the cathode carbon block are directly connected to each other at the iron-carbon interface. Then, the cutting process holes, namely the chip removal process grooves (3) and the chip removal process holes (4) on the cathode carbon block (1) are rammed and sealed with graphite electrolytic paste to prevent high-temperature oxidation. The graphite carbon core rod (8) can be used for the preparation and production of graphite electrode rods for metallurgical electric furnaces.

[0046] Example 2: Fig.13 Fig.14 As shown, the two circular cathode conductive holes (2) at the bottom of the finished anode carbon block (1) described in this embodiment 2 are of the threaded rod type, that is, at the conductive output end of the cathode carbon block, the inner hole wall of the round rod cathode connecting conductive hole (2-1) is a smooth surface, which is configured correspondingly with the smooth rod end of the threaded cathode conductive steel rod; at the conductive input end of the cathode carbon block, the inner hole surface of the threaded cathode conductive hole (2-2) is an internal threaded connection surface, which is configured correspondingly with the external thread of the threaded cathode conductive steel rod. The process of processing the screw-type cathode conductive holes (2-1 and 2-2) on the rectangular blank cathode carbon block can be implemented by the following technical scheme:

[0047] Its processing steps 1: Fig.13 Fig.14 As shown: the cathode processing procedure of this embodiment 2 is basically the same as that of embodiment 1. In order to obtain the cathode conductive hole corresponding to the circular threaded rod, firstly, the chip removal process groove (3) and chip removal process hole (4) corresponding to the threaded rod type anode conductive steel rod in the cathode conductive threaded hole processing process are constructed on the cathode carbon block (1). Then, a deep hole sleeve type drilling and milling cutter equipped with a cemented carbide drilling and milling cutter head (6) is used to process the cathode carbon block.

[0049] Its processing steps 2: such as Fig.15 Fig.16 As shown, after the chip removal process groove (3) and chip removal process hole (4) of the cathode carbon block are completed, a deep hole sleeve type drilling and milling cutter (5) inlaid with a hard alloy drilling and milling cutter head (6) is used to process the internal thread bottom hole (11) of the threaded cathode connecting conductive hole (2-2) and the carbon graphite core rod (8) on the cathode carbon block.

[0050] Its processing steps 3: Fig.17 Fig.18As shown in the figure: after the process 2 of this embodiment is completed, the internal thread bottom hole (11) of the threaded cathode connection conductive hole (2-2) is processed, and the carbon graphite core rod in the hole is cut and taken out from the internal thread bottom hole (11) according to the method described in the embodiment 1. A hollow thread bottom hole is formed; then a deep hole sleeve type drilling and milling cutter (5) inlaid with a hard alloy drilling and milling cutter head (6) is used to process a circular polished rod connection conductive hole (2-1) corresponding to the circular thread polished rod at the conductive output end of the cathode carbon block (1).

[0051] Its processing steps 4: Fig.19 Fig. 20 As shown: Then, a threaded tap (7) is used to construct an internal threaded conductive connection hole (2-2) corresponding to the cathode conductive bolt in the conductive input end of the cathode carbon block (1). Finally, a cathode screw connection hole (2-1 and 2-2) is formed at the bottom of the cathode carbon block (1) to be assembled with the threaded rod type cathode conductive steel rod (10-1 and 10-2). Fig.21 and Fig. 22 shown.

[0052] Example 2 Application of processing results: Fig.23 Fig.24 As shown, after completing the processing steps of configuring the cathode carbon block (1) with the inner screw cathode conductive holes (2-1 and 2-2), the anode carbon block (1) as a finished product can be assembled into the screw cathode conductive holes (2-1 and 2-2) of the cathode carbon block by a mechanical assembly screwing method, and directly connected to the cathode carbon block by a conductive structure. The structural features and advantages of this connection are: since the cathode conductive input end is provided with a threaded connection, the conductive area of ​​the iron-carbon bonded contact interface will be increased, which is not only conducive to reducing the resistance value of the iron-carbon bonded interface between the cathode carbon block and the cathode steel rod and the voltage drop of the overall structure of the cathode conductive device; and since the conductive input end of the cathode steel rod is connected to the conductive output end of the cathode carbon block by a threaded bite connection, the stability and reliability of the conductive structure can be greatly enhanced. Therefore, it is not only conducive to improving the stability of the current distribution of the aluminum electrolytic cell, but also can extend the service life of the aluminum electrolytic cell. At the same time, it can also improve the utilization rate of finished anode carbon blocks, and process round carbon graphite core rods with relatively high market value, which can be used in the production of ferrous metallurgical industry.

[0053] Effects of the embodiments of the present invention are as follows: when machining an internal threaded hole, not only the thread tap (7) described in this embodiment can be used for machining and construction, but also a lathe or a boring machine can be used to perform structural machining by an internal cutting method.

Claims

1. A method for machining and constructing a conductive hole of a cathode carbon block, characterized in that: When designing the processing technology for the circular cathode conductive hole or the threaded cathode conductive hole of the cathode carbon block (1), firstly, a chip removal process hole (4) or a chip removal process groove (3) which is in communication with the circular cathode conductive hole (2) or the threaded cathode conductive hole (2-2) is provided on the cathode carbon block (1); so that the graphite particles and cutting chips generated during the process of machining the circular cathode conductive hole (2) or the threaded cathode conductive hole of the cathode carbon block (1) with a deep hole sleeve drilling and milling cutter head (5) can be discharged from the chip removal process hole (4) or the chip removal process groove (3).

2. A method for machining and constructing a cathode carbon block conductive hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cutting drill and milling head for machining a circular conductive hole or a threaded conductive hole is a deep hole sleeve type drill and milling cutter head (5); so that during the machining of the circular cathode conductive hole or the threaded cathode conductive hole, a complete cylindrical carbon graphite core rod (8) can be formed in the circular cathode conductive hole (2).

3. A method for machining and constructing a cathode carbon block conductive hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: When constructing the cathode conductive threaded hole (2-2), the process procedure is to first construct a chip removal process hole (4) or a chip removal process groove (4) on the cathode carbon block (1) that is connected to the inner thread bottom hole of the cathode conductive threaded hole; and then use a deep hole sleeve type drilling and milling cutter head (5) to process the cathode conductive thread bottom hole or center hole and the carbon graphite core rod (8) at one time.

4. A method for machining and constructing a cathode carbon block conductive hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: An external impact force is applied to a carbon graphite core rod (8) constructed in the cathode conductive hole through a process chip removal hole (4) or a process chip removal groove (3) of a cathode carbon block (1) which can be prepared by pre-processing, so that the carbon graphite core rod (8) is broken and separated from the cathode carbon block (1) connected to the end of the cathode conductive hole (2), and then the carbon graphite core rod is taken out from the cathode conductive hole (2) to form a product-grade carbon graphite conductive rod.

5. A method for constructing and processing a cathode carbon block conductive hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deep hole sleeve type drilling and milling cutter head (5) is configured to correspond to the inner diameter of the cathode conductive hole (2) or to the bottom diameter or center diameter of the internal thread cathode conductive hole (2-2).

6. A cathode carbon block conductive hole processing and construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cathode internal thread conductive hole (2-2) to be prepared on the cathode carbon block (1) can be obtained by tapping with a thread tap (7) or by turning or boring and milling with a rotary thread cutting tool.

7. A cathode carbon block conductive hole processing and construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cathode carbon block (1) processed by the method has two finished products, one is a cathode carbon block (1) provided with cathode conductive holes, and the other is a cylindrical carbon graphite core rod.

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