The invention relates to an automatic laser engraving system based on computer vision and a service method of the automatic laser engraving system. The system comprises a movement track, an image capture module, a laser engraving machine, a control module, an upper computer and a power module. The service method of the automatic laser engraving system includes realizing distortion rectification and adjustment of a coordinate system for the image capture module, adjusting a coordinate system of the movement track, setting production parameters, and recording matching information related to positioning of a product during production; conveying the product to a shooting area via the movement track, shooting the product by the image capture module, matching and comparing shot image information with the matching information, obtaining position information of engraved patterns, finally conveying the product to the laser engraving machine via the movement track to realize laser engraving for the product, and completing a production cycle after the laser engraving is completed. The automatic laser engraving system and the service method thereof have the advantages that precision is greatly improved, labor cost is reduced by means of enhancing production efficiency, rejection rate of products is reduced, production success rate of the products is improved, and accordingly production cost is lowered.