The invention discloses a hydraulic anchor rod trolley, which comprises an engineering chassis, a working arm, an auxiliary arm, an anchor rod mechanism, an electrical system, a hydraulic system and acab. The anchor rod mechanism comprises a propulsion beam and a rock drill, an anchor rod bin is arranged on one side of the propulsion beam, a sliding guide rail, a caliper device, a rod grabbing device and a rod mounting device are arranged on the propulsion beam, the rod mounting device transfers a drill pipe or an anchor rod between the caliper device and the anchor rod bin, the rock drill isslidably connected with thesliding guide rail, and comprises a first sliding base, a power device, an output shaft and a connecting sleeve, the power device drives the output shaft to rotate, the output shaft is matched with one end of the connecting sleeve in a threaded mode, and the other end of the connecting sleeve is matched with the drill pipe or the anchor rod in a threaded mode; and the caliper device comprises a drill-rod clamping device and a drill-rod lifter which are arranged successively from front to rear. Switching between the anchor rod and drilling operation is realized on the basis of the engineering chassis, the sliding guide rail, a propulsion device and the like, and the multi-functionalization of the anchor rod trolley is realized.