Multi-temperature-zone continuous production reaction furnace for single-walled carbon nanotubes

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of single-walled carbon nanotube production, and particularly relates to a single-walled carbon nanotube multi-temperature-zone continuous production reaction furnace which comprises a furnace body shell, side plates are fixedly connected to the two ends of the furnace body shell, the two side plates are fixedly connected with connecting flanges respectively, and a reaction tube component is fixedly connected between the two connecting flanges. The reaction tube component is arranged in a five-section splicing mode, a heating temperature control component is arranged at the position, corresponding to each section, of the outer side of the reaction tube component in the furnace body shell, and the five heating temperature control components correspond to the first temperature zone to the fifth temperature zone in the raw material flowing direction. The processing and production difficulty is reduced through the multi-section spliced reaction tube component, and a plurality of temperature zones are adopted for zoned temperature control, so that a gas raw material is fully preheated and then heated to react, the length of a single-walled carbon nanotube is prolonged at a constant temperature, the yield and the yield are improved, and the gas raw material is guided by a convex ridge to enable gas flow to roll and stir; therefore, collision and contact between carbon-containing gas molecules and the catalyst are increased, and the yield is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of single-walled carbon nanotube production, specifically a multi-temperature zone continuous production reactor for single-walled carbon nanotubes. Background Technology

[0002] Single-walled carbon nanotubes can be regarded as one-dimensional cylindrical nanomaterials formed by rolling up two-dimensional graphene. Due to their unique one-dimensional topological structure and excellent electrical, optical, thermal and mechanical properties, single-walled carbon nanotubes have been widely used in high-end batteries, sensors, heat dissipation films, molecular gears, biological detectors and nano-integrated logic circuits, becoming one of the popular materials for developing functional nanodevices.

[0003] Currently, there are three main methods for preparing single-walled carbon nanotubes: arc discharge method, laser evaporation method, and chemical vapor deposition method. Chemical vapor deposition is the most commonly used method because it is simple to operate, the process is controllable, and the growth temperature is relatively low and the cost is low. The basic principle is to use a high-temperature sintering tube furnace to introduce a carbon source into its reaction chamber. Under the action of a specific temperature and catalyst, catalytic cracking occurs, allowing the generated carbon atoms to dissolve on the surface of the catalyst. After the catalyst reaches saturation, the carbon atoms will precipitate from the surface and self-assemble to form carbon nanotubes.

[0004] However, in the current production of carbon nanotube electrode membranes, the single-walled carbon nanotubes produced by chemical vapor deposition cannot achieve continuous mass production due to poor temperature and pressure control. Furthermore, existing single-walled carbon nanotube production equipment using chemical vapor deposition typically employs an integrated reaction tube to ensure the airtightness of the reaction environment. While integrated reaction tubes have advantages such as uniform texture, good consistency of the reaction environment, and high structural strength, they are difficult to process. Moreover, if defects such as breakage or cracks occur during processing or production, the entire reaction tube must be scrapped. This results in high production and maintenance costs for integrated reaction tubes, which is not conducive to cost control and market competitiveness.

[0005] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN117339541A discloses a continuous production equipment and control method for single-walled carbon nanotubes. The equipment includes a shell, with an outer heat insulation layer and an inner heat insulation layer fixedly installed at the top and bottom of the shell's inner cavity, respectively. Multiple spliced ​​heating inner tubes are fixedly installed along the central length of the shell within the inner heat insulation layer. These spliced ​​heating inner tubes are sealed together. A feed end cap extending into the spliced ​​heating inner tubes is fixedly inserted into the left end of the shell. The reactants and hydrogen atmosphere are uniformly injected into the spliced ​​heating inner tubes via a feed pipe. A heating zone with both rising and constant temperatures promotes the reaction and formation. Thermocouples are used to monitor the temperature of different zones in real time, and the heating power of the heating rods is adjusted accordingly to achieve automated continuous mass production. Simultaneously, the amount of protective atmosphere injected is controlled to reduce hydrogen leakage from the furnace tubes into the heating chamber.

[0006] Although the aforementioned patent uses a multi-section spliced ​​reaction tube, it only reduces gas leakage at the joints of the reaction tube sections by controlling the gas pressure in the heating zone and the constant temperature heating zone, and cannot effectively guarantee a sealed reaction environment inside the reaction tube.

[0007] Furthermore, the aforementioned patent only sets up a heating zone for rising temperature and a heating zone for constant temperature. As a result, the gaseous raw material is heated without preheating, which leads to uneven heating of the gaseous raw material. The carbon-containing gas and the catalyst are difficult to fully contact and react, which in turn affects the final yield and quality of single-walled carbon nanotubes.

[0008] Furthermore, the aforementioned patent involves heating the single-walled carbon nanotubes at a constant temperature and then directly collecting them through a discharge device. This results in excessive temperature fluctuations in the single-walled carbon nanotubes, leading to instability in their properties and affecting the yield rate. Additionally, the continuous discharge of single-walled carbon nanotubes at high temperatures requires the collection device to withstand extremely high temperatures, which can negatively impact the safety and lifespan of the collection device.

[0009] Chinese patent CN116692834A discloses a single-walled carbon nanotube reaction device and its preparation method, including a high-temperature furnace tube. A low-temperature zone and a high-temperature zone intermediate-frequency heating device are sequentially arranged on the outside of the high-temperature furnace tube. A graphite unit is arranged inside the high-temperature furnace tube at the location of the high-temperature zone intermediate-frequency heating device. By introducing an intermediate-frequency heating device in the low-temperature zone, the activity and carbon-dissolving capacity of the catalyst are improved. The intermediate-frequency heated porous graphite unit structure in the high-temperature zone ensures sufficient contact between the catalyst particles and the carbon source after pyrolysis within the porous structure, thus solving the problem of insufficient contact between the carbon source and the catalyst.

[0010] Although this patent improves the contact between carbon-containing gas and catalyst in the reaction environment by setting up graphite units, in actual use, the fine pores of the graphite units reduce the overall equivalent cross-sectional area of ​​the reaction tube. According to Bernoulli's principle, the flow rate of the raw gas increases when it flows through the fine pores of the graphite units, which reduces the time for the raw gas to react under heat, thereby reducing the yield of single-walled carbon nanotubes. Furthermore, excessively high gas flow rate is not conducive to the production of long single-walled carbon nanotubes, which will affect the product yield. Summary of the Invention

[0011] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention addresses the technical problem by employing a multi-section, spliced ​​reaction tube component. Compared to traditional monolithic reaction tubes, this significantly reduces manufacturing difficulty, thereby facilitating cost control and reduction. Furthermore, even if a single reaction tube section is damaged after prolonged use, the damaged section can be easily replaced, allowing the device to resume production without replacing the entire reaction tube. This reduces maintenance costs and effectively extends the device's lifespan. The use of multiple temperature zones for zoned temperature control ensures that the gaseous feedstock is fully preheated before the reaction, and the application of a stable, constant temperature extends the length of the single-walled carbon nanotubes. The process increases yield and product quality. Continuous and gradual cooling stabilizes the properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes and lowers the discharge temperature, facilitating collection. Each temperature zone corresponds to a single reaction tube section, allowing for more accurate and flexible temperature control. Each reaction tube section is heated independently, ensuring uniform temperature distribution. The presence of ridges guides the gaseous feedstock during flow in the second temperature zone, causing turbulence and increasing collisions and contact between carbon-containing gas molecules and the catalyst, further improving single-walled carbon nanotube production. Furthermore, the segmented assembly of the reaction tube components effectively reduces the processing difficulty of producing ridged reaction tube sections, thus helping to control costs.

[0012] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-temperature zone continuous production reactor for single-walled carbon nanotubes, comprising:

[0013] The furnace body shell has side plates fixedly connected to both ends, connecting flanges fixedly connected to the two side plates, a reaction tube component fixedly connected between the two connecting flanges, end caps and discharge connecting pipes fixedly connected to the two opposite sides of the two connecting flanges, a feed nozzle extending into the reaction tube component fixedly connected to the center of the end cap, and the discharge connecting pipe communicating with the interior of the reaction tube component.

[0014] The reaction tube component is arranged in a multi-section splicing manner. Inside the furnace shell, a set of heating and temperature control components is set at the corresponding position of each section of the reaction tube component. There are five sets of heating and temperature control components, which correspond to the first temperature zone to the fifth temperature zone in sequence along the raw material flow direction.

[0015] Furthermore, the operating temperature of the first temperature zone is 800-1000℃, the operating temperature of the second temperature zone is 1200-1300℃, the operating temperature of the third temperature zone is 1000-900℃, the operating temperature of the fourth temperature zone is 800-700℃, and the operating temperature of the fifth temperature zone is 600-500℃.

[0016] Furthermore, the reaction tube component includes a reaction tube section, which is composed of five reaction tube sections connected end to end. The five reaction tube sections correspond to five temperature zones respectively, and multiple spiral ridges are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the reaction tube section corresponding to the second temperature zone.

[0017] Furthermore, each of the reaction tube segments is provided with an outer ring at one end and an inner ring at the end of each reaction tube segment away from the outer ring. Every two adjacent reaction tube segments are joined together by inserting the corresponding outer ring and inner ring.

[0018] Furthermore, the reaction tube component is made of high-temperature resistant ceramic material, and a packing gasket is provided between each outer ring and the corresponding inner ring.

[0019] Furthermore, the heating and temperature control component includes heating tubes. A set of heating tubes is arranged inside the furnace shell at the corresponding position of each temperature zone, surrounding the outside of the reaction tube component. A heat insulation layer covering the reaction tube component is fixedly connected inside the furnace shell at the outside of each set of heating tubes.

[0020] Furthermore, a temperature sensor is fixedly connected to the top of the furnace shell at the corresponding position of each group of heating tubes, and a cover is fixedly connected to the outside of the furnace shell at the corresponding position of each group of heating tubes, with each cover electrically connected to the corresponding group of heating tubes.

[0021] Furthermore, the spacing between the two sets of heating tubes corresponding to the fourth and fifth temperature zones gradually increases along the direction of raw material flow.

[0022] Furthermore, a protective gas cavity is formed between the inner side of the heat insulation layer and the outer side of the reaction tube component. An air inlet pipe communicating with the inside of the protective gas cavity is provided on one side of the end cap. A gas pressure sensor extending into the protective gas cavity is fixedly connected to the top of the furnace shell.

[0023] Furthermore, one end of the feed nozzle that extends into the reaction tube component is provided with a conical surface, and multiple inclined nozzles are evenly distributed on the conical surface, each nozzle communicating with the interior of the feed nozzle.

[0024] In summary, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0025] (1) By adopting a reaction tube component that is spliced ​​together in multiple sections, the processing and production difficulty is greatly reduced compared with the traditional integral reaction tube, which helps to control and reduce the production cost of the device. Furthermore, after the device has been used for a long time, even if a certain reaction tube section is damaged, the damaged reaction tube section can be easily replaced so that the device can be put back into production without replacing the entire reaction tube, thereby reducing the device maintenance cost and effectively improving the service life of the device.

[0026] (2) Multiple temperature zones are used for zoned temperature control, so that the gaseous raw materials are fully preheated before being heated and reacted. A stable constant temperature is applied to extend the length of the single-walled carbon nanotubes, thereby increasing the yield and product quality. The properties of the single-walled carbon nanotubes tend to stabilize and the temperature during discharge is reduced through continuous and gradual cooling, which facilitates collection.

[0027] (3) By assigning each temperature zone to a reaction tube section, the temperature control becomes more accurate and flexible, and each reaction tube section is heated relatively independently to ensure uniform temperature of each reaction tube section.

[0028] (4) By setting ridges, the gas raw material is guided by the ridges when flowing in the second temperature zone, causing the gas flow to tumble and stir, thereby increasing the collision and contact between carbon gas molecules and catalyst, further improving the yield of single-walled carbon nanotubes. Moreover, since the reaction tube components are spliced ​​in sections, the processing difficulty of producing reaction tube sections with ridges is effectively reduced, which is conducive to controlling costs. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present patent.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a front view of the patent.

[0031] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A three-dimensional sectional view at point AA.

[0032] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of a section at point B.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of this patent.

[0034] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reaction tube section in this patent.

[0035] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified view of a section at point C.

[0036] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: Furnace body shell 10; Side plate 11; Connecting flange 12; End cover 13; Discharge connecting pipe 14; Air inlet pipe 15; Gas pressure sensor 16; Protective gas chamber 17; Reaction tube component 20; Reaction tube section 21; Raised ridge 22; Outer ring 23; Inner ring 24; Packing gasket 25; Heating and temperature control component 30; Heating tube 31; Heat insulation layer 32; Temperature sensor 33; Cover 34; Temperature controller 35; Feed nozzle 40; Conical surface 41; Nozzle 42. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] like Figure 1-7 As shown, a multi-temperature zone continuous production reactor for single-walled carbon nanotubes includes a furnace shell 10. Two side plates 11 are fixedly connected to both ends of the furnace shell 10. Connecting flanges 12 are fixedly connected to the two side plates 11. A reaction tube component 20, which is formed by splicing multiple reaction tube sections 21 end to end, is fixedly connected between the two connecting flanges 12. Five sets of heating and temperature control components 30 are fixedly installed inside the furnace shell 10. Each set of heating and temperature control components 30 corresponds to the position of each reaction tube section 21. The five sets of heating and temperature control components 30 correspond to the first to fifth temperature zones in sequence along the raw material flow direction.

[0039] By adopting a reaction tube component 20 composed of multiple spliced ​​sections, the processing and production difficulty is greatly reduced compared to the traditional integral reaction tube, which helps to control and reduce the production cost of the device. Furthermore, even if a certain reaction tube section 21 is damaged after the device has been used for a long time, the damaged reaction tube section 21 can be easily replaced so that the device can be put back into production without replacing the entire reaction tube, thereby reducing the device maintenance cost and effectively improving the service life of the device.

[0040] like Figure 1-7 As shown, the operating temperature of the first temperature zone is 800-1000℃, the operating temperature of the second temperature zone is 1200-1300℃, the operating temperature of the third temperature zone is 1000-900℃, the operating temperature of the fourth temperature zone is 800-700℃, and the operating temperature of the fifth temperature zone is 600-500℃.

[0041] By employing multiple temperature zones for zoned temperature control, and ensuring that each group of heating and temperature control components 30 corresponds to a reaction tube section 21, a more stable and uniform temperature control effect can be achieved. By setting the first temperature zone, the raw material gas entering the reaction tube section 20 can be preheated, allowing the raw material gas to react more fully in the second temperature zone to synthesize a large number of single-walled carbon nanotubes. By setting the third temperature zone, the generated single-walled carbon nanotubes can be kept under stable conditions, thereby extending the length of the single-walled carbon nanotubes and improving the quality of the final product. By setting the fourth and fifth temperature zones, the obtained single-walled carbon nanotubes are gradually cooled down, allowing the obtained single-walled carbon nanotubes to gradually stabilize and making the carbon nanotubes cooler during final discharge, facilitating collection.

[0042] like Figure 1-7 As shown, two connecting flanges 12 are fixedly connected to end caps 13 and discharge connecting pipes 14 at their far ends. An infeed nozzle 40 extending into the reaction tube component 20 is fixedly connected to the center of the end cap 13. The end of the infeed nozzle 40 is provided with a conical surface 41. Multiple nozzles 42 are evenly distributed on the conical surface 41. Each nozzle 42 communicates with the inside of the infeed nozzle 40. The discharge connecting pipe 14 communicates with the inside of the reaction tube component 20.

[0043] By setting the feed nozzle 40, the raw materials and catalyst can be injected into the reaction tube component 20 together, so that the gaseous raw materials flow and react in the reaction tube component 20 to generate single-walled carbon nanotubes. By setting multiple nozzles 42, the gaseous raw materials can be more evenly distributed when entering the first temperature zone, so that the gaseous raw materials can obtain a more sufficient and uniform preheating effect.

[0044] like Figure 1-7 As shown, each reaction tube section 21 is made of high-temperature resistant ceramic material. One end of each reaction tube section 21 is provided with an outer ring 23, and the end of each reaction tube section 21 away from the outer ring 23 is provided with an inner ring 24. Every two adjacent reaction tube sections 21 are connected and spliced ​​by the corresponding outer ring 23 and inner ring 24. Multiple spiral ridges 22 are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the reaction tube section 21 corresponding to the second temperature zone. A protective gas cavity 17 is formed between the inner side of the heat insulation layer 32 and the outer side of the reaction tube component 20. An air inlet pipe 15 communicating with the inside of the protective gas cavity 17 is provided on one side of the end cap 13. A gas pressure sensor 16 extending into the protective gas cavity 17 is fixedly connected to the top of the furnace shell 10.

[0045] By setting up a protective gas chamber 17 and filling it with a protective reducing gas, and by using a pressure sensor 16 to detect the pressure inside the protective gas chamber 17, the pressure inside the protective gas chamber 17 is ensured to be greater than the ambient atmospheric pressure. In the event of a breakage or leak in the furnace shell 10, the protective gas inside the protective gas chamber 17 can only leak outwards, while the low-temperature oxygen-containing air from the outside is blocked. This prevents the low-temperature air from affecting the internal reaction temperature of the reaction tube component 20, and also prevents oxygen from participating in the reaction and affecting the yield and product quality.

[0046] By setting the outer ring 23 and the inner ring 24 to be inserted and spliced, the splicing strength between each reaction tube section 21 is improved. At the same time, the packing gasket 25 can be used to seal the splicing gap between each reaction tube section 21, so as to avoid the leakage of internal gas raw materials and waste of raw materials, or the entry of external gas into the reaction tube component 20 and affect the reaction process.

[0047] Furthermore, by setting the spiral ridge 22, when the gaseous raw material is subjected to high temperature in the second temperature zone for reaction, the gaseous raw material is guided by the ridge 22 during the flow process, causing the gas flow to tumble and stir, thereby enabling the carbon-containing gas molecules in the gas to fully collide and contact with the catalyst, thereby improving the catalytic reaction effect and effectively increasing the yield of single-walled carbon nanotubes. Moreover, since the reaction tube component 20 is spliced ​​from multiple reaction tube sections 21, the manufacturing difficulty of the reaction tube section 21 with the ridge 22 is greatly reduced, effectively reducing costs.

[0048] like Figure 1-7 As shown, a set of heating tubes 31 are arranged inside the furnace shell 10 at the corresponding position of each temperature zone, surrounding the outside of the reaction tube component 20. A heat insulation layer 32 covering the reaction tube component 20 is fixedly connected inside the furnace shell 10 at the outside of each set of heating tubes 31. A temperature sensor 33 is fixedly connected to the top of the furnace shell 10 at the corresponding position of each set of heating tubes 31. A cover 34 is fixedly connected to the outside of the furnace shell 10 at the corresponding position of each set of heating tubes 31. Each cover 34 is electrically connected to the corresponding set of heating tubes 31. The spacing between the two sets of heating tubes 31 corresponding to the fourth and fifth temperature zones gradually increases along the direction of raw material flow.

[0049] By setting multiple sets of heating tubes 31, the temperature of each temperature zone can be independently and accurately controlled. The spacing between the two sets of heating tubes 31 corresponding to the fourth and fifth temperature zones gradually increases along the direction of raw material flow. This ensures that when the fourth and fifth temperature zones cool the single-walled carbon nanotubes, the temperature drops evenly along the direction of raw material flow, avoiding excessive temperature changes that could lead to instability in the properties of the single-walled carbon nanotubes. It also avoids the problem of stress caused by drastic temperature changes in the reaction tube section 21, which could easily damage the reaction tube section 21.

[0050] In this embodiment, initially, the operator connects the device to the power supply and control system, and connects the air inlet pipe 15 to the protective gas supply system, filling the protective reducing gas into the protective gas chamber 17, and detecting the gas pressure in the protective gas chamber 17 through the pressure sensor 16, so that the gas pressure in the protective gas chamber 17 is always higher than the external atmospheric pressure at the location of the device. Then, the end cap 13 is connected to the raw material supply system, and the discharge connection pipe 14 is connected to the collection system.

[0051] Before production, the control system controls each cover 34 to make each heating tube 31 work at a predetermined temperature to preheat the device, so that each temperature zone reaches the predetermined temperature. The temperature sensor 33 detects the temperature of each temperature zone in real time and feeds it back to the control system, so that the control system automatically adjusts the cover 34 to achieve dynamic temperature control and keep the temperature of each temperature zone uniform and stable. Then, a mixture of carbon gas and catalyst raw material is introduced into the device through the feed nozzle 40 to produce single-walled carbon nanotubes.

[0052] During the production process, the gaseous raw material first enters the first temperature zone for preheating. Due to the setting of the nozzle 42, the gaseous raw material can enter the first temperature zone more evenly, ensuring that the gaseous raw material is fully and uniformly preheated. Then, when the gaseous raw material flows to the second temperature zone for reaction, the preheated gaseous raw material can react more fully to obtain more single-walled carbon nanotubes. Furthermore, due to the setting of the ridge 22, the gaseous raw material is guided by the ridge 22 when flowing in the second temperature zone, causing the gas flow to tumble and stir, thereby increasing the collision and contact between carbon-containing gas molecules and catalyst, further improving the yield of single-walled carbon nanotubes.

[0053] Subsequently, the single-walled carbon nanotubes obtained in the second temperature zone continue to move with the airflow into the third temperature zone. Under the stable reaction conditions in the third temperature zone, the length of the single-walled carbon nanotubes can be extended, thereby improving the yield of the product.

[0054] Then, the single-walled carbon nanotubes are carried by the airflow into the fourth and fifth temperature zones in sequence. The fourth and fifth temperature zones gently cool the single-walled carbon nanotubes, so that the single-walled carbon nanotubes gradually become stable and the temperature of the carbon nanotubes drops during final discharge, making them easier to collect.

[0055] Finally, the cooled single-walled carbon nanotube product enters the collection device through the discharge connection pipe 14, completing the production and collection of single-walled carbon nanotubes. Since the reaction tube component 20 is continuously conductive, gaseous raw materials can be continuously injected to react and generate products, greatly improving the production efficiency and yield of single-walled carbon nanotubes. Furthermore, the application of multi-temperature zone control on the reaction tube component 20 makes the reaction more complete, improving production efficiency and yield, thereby obtaining the best economic benefits.

[0056] The aforementioned pressure sensor 16, heating tube 31, heat insulation layer 32, temperature sensor 33, and cover 34 are mature existing technologies. The structures in the attached drawings are only for illustration and will not be described in detail here.

[0057] The specification and claims use certain terms to refer to specific components. Those skilled in the art will understand that hardware manufacturers may use different names to refer to the same component. This specification and claims do not distinguish components based on differences in name, but rather on differences in function. The term "comprising" throughout the specification and claims is an open-ended term and should be interpreted as "comprising but not limited to." "Approximately" means that within an acceptable margin of error, those skilled in the art can solve the technical problem and substantially achieve the technical effect within a certain margin of error.

[0058] It should be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a product or system comprising a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a product or system. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the product or system that includes said element.

[0059] The foregoing description illustrates and describes several preferred embodiments of this application. However, as previously stated, it should be understood that this application is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be altered within the scope of the application concept described herein through the foregoing teachings or techniques or knowledge in related fields. Any modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of this application should be within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A single-walled carbon nanotube multi-temperature zone continuous production reactor, characterized in that: The single-walled carbon nanotube multi-temperature zone continuous production reactor comprises: A furnace shell (10), wherein two ends of the furnace shell (10) are respectively fixedly connected to side plates (11), the two side plates (11) are respectively fixedly connected to connecting flanges (12), a reaction tube component (20) is fixedly connected between the two connecting flanges (12), end covers (13) and a discharge connecting pipe (14) are respectively fixedly connected to two sides of the two connecting flanges (12) that are away from each other, a feed nozzle (40) extending into the reaction tube component (20) is fixedly connected to the axis of the end cover (13), and the discharge connecting pipe (14) is communicated with the interior of the reaction tube component (20); The reaction tube component (20) is arranged in a multi-section splicing manner, and a group of heating temperature control components (30) is arranged at a corresponding position of each section outside the reaction tube component (20) in the furnace shell (10). There are five groups of heating temperature control components (30) in total, and the five groups of heating temperature control components (30) correspond to the first temperature zone to the fifth temperature zone in sequence along the raw material flow direction.

2. The single-walled carbon nanotube multi-temperature zone continuous production reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working temperature of the first temperature zone is 800-1000°C, the working temperature of the second temperature zone is 1200-1300°C, the working temperature of the third temperature zone is 1000-900°C, the working temperature of the fourth temperature zone is 800-700°C, and the working temperature of the fifth temperature zone is 600-500°C.

3. The single-walled carbon nanotube multi-temperature zone continuous production reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction tube component (20) comprises a reaction tube segment (21), and the reaction tube component (20) is composed of five reaction tube segments (21) connected end to end, the five reaction tube segments (21) respectively corresponding to five temperature zones, and a plurality of spiral ridges (22) are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the reaction tube segment (21) corresponding to the second temperature zone.

4. The single-walled carbon nanotube multi-temperature zone continuous production reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: An outer ring (23) is provided at one end of each reaction tube segment (21), and an inner ring (24) is provided at one end of each reaction tube segment (21) away from the outer ring (23). Every two adjacent reaction tube segments (21) are spliced ​​and assembled through the corresponding outer rings (23) and inner rings (24).

5. The single-walled carbon nanotube multi-temperature zone continuous production reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reaction tube component (20) is made of high temperature resistant ceramic material, and a packing seal (25) is provided between each outer sleeve ring (23) and the corresponding inner sleeve ring (24).

6. The single-walled carbon nanotube multi-temperature zone continuous production reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating and temperature control component (30) comprises a heating tube (31); a group of heating tubes (31) surrounding the outside of the reaction tube component (20) are arranged at positions corresponding to each temperature zone in the furnace shell (10); and a heat insulation layer (32) covering the reaction tube component (20) is fixedly connected to the outside of each group of heating tubes (31) in the furnace shell (10).

7. The single-walled carbon nanotube multi-temperature zone continuous production reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that: A temperature sensor (33) is fixedly connected to the top of the furnace shell (10) at a position corresponding to each group of heating tubes (31), and a cover (34) is fixedly connected to the outside of the furnace shell (10) at a position corresponding to each group of heating tubes (31), and each cover (34) is electrically connected to a corresponding group of heating tubes (31).

8. The single-walled carbon nanotube multi-temperature zone continuous production reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The arrangement spacing distance of the two groups of heating tubes (31) corresponding to the fourth temperature zone and the fifth temperature zone gradually increases along the flow direction of the raw material.

9. The single-walled carbon nanotube multi-temperature zone continuous production reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that: A protective air cavity (17) is formed between the inner side of the heat insulating layer (32) and the outer side of the reaction tube component (20); an air inlet pipe (15) communicating with the interior of the protective air cavity (17) is provided on one side of the end cover (13); and a gas pressure sensor (16) extending into the protective air cavity (17) is fixedly connected to the top of the furnace shell (10).

10. The single-walled carbon nanotube multi-temperature zone continuous production reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the feed nozzle (40) extending into the reaction tube component (20) is provided with a conical surface (41), and a plurality of inclined spray holes (42) are evenly distributed on the conical surface (41), and each of the spray holes (42) is connected to the inside of the feed nozzle (40).

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