Equipment for straight cracking of plant fibers and processing method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides equipment for straight cracking of plant fibers and a processing method thereof, the equipment comprises a pair of ring groove rollers, the ring groove rollers comprise ring groove tooth pieces arranged at equal intervals, and a groove is formed between every two adjacent ring groove tooth pieces; the two annular groove rollers are arranged up and down, and the upper and lower annular groove tooth sheets are axially staggered and occluded to form an occlusion opening; the front end of the occlusion opening is an entrance, and the rear end is a delivery opening; a thread opening sheet is arranged in a groove of the ring groove roller, and the thread opening sheet and the ring groove roller are not mutually restrained by rotation; the wire opening piece comprises an arc-shaped working part and a protruding cone, the arc-shaped working part is arranged at the meshing opening and penetrates through the entrance and the delivery opening front and back, and the outer diameter of the arc-shaped working part is smaller than that of the annular groove tooth piece; a protruding cone protruding out of the annular groove tooth piece is led out along the tangent line from the position, deviating by an angle alpha from the center point of the meshing opening to the sending-out opening, of the arc-shaped working part and used for guiding the meshing fissure filament to be separated from the groove. By means of the device, mechanical refining and filament dividing of wood sheets such as wood, bamboo wood, hemp stalks and straw are achieved, the wood sheets are smoothly sent out, and a foundation is laid for efficient production of plant fibers.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The invention relates to a device for straightly splitting plant fibers and a processing method thereof, and is particularly suitable for splitting and thinning woody flakes such as wood, bamboo, hemp stalks, straws, etc. in the production of plant fibers. [Background technology]

[0002] Wood, bamboo, hemp, straw, etc. are processed into thin slices using existing technology. Because the processing objects are rigid, mechanized production is easy to achieve, but further processing into filaments is hindered. The use of ring groove rollers to separate wires in the existing wire separation technology is a reasonable design. For example, the processing object bamboo slices are rigid. As long as there is a slope in the feeding direction, it is sufficient to smoothly feed the processed object-bamboo slices into the bite mouth; but when it is necessary to process them into thinner and softer plant fiber filaments, due to unfavorable factors such as curling and attachment of the material, the filaments formed by the ring groove roller cannot smoothly separate from the starting groove. This is a problem that has long plagued the plant fiber industry and is also the bottleneck of wood thin slice filamentization. Therefore, the method of acid and alkali steaming and mechanical rolling is adopted in the production of plant fibers. This method, firstly, consumes a lot of energy and chemicals, causing great energy waste and environmental pollution, and secondly, the thickness and length of the rolled products are uneven.

[0003] Therefore, there is a need to explore a device for straightening and splitting plant fibers to achieve further processing and smooth separation of soft plant (wood, bamboo, hemp, straw, etc.) flakes. [Summary of the invention]

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a device for straight splitting plant fibers and a processing method thereof, which realizes the mechanized thinning and splitting of wood flakes such as wood, bamboo, hemp stalks, straw, etc., and smoothly delivers them, laying the foundation for the efficient production of plant fibers.

[0005] The present invention is achieved in that:

[0006] A device for straightening and splitting plant fibers, the device comprising a pair of annular groove rollers, each of the annular groove rollers comprising a plurality of annular groove tooth pieces arranged at equal intervals, and grooves being arranged between adjacent annular groove tooth pieces; the annular groove rollers are arranged up and down, and the upper and lower annular groove tooth pieces are axially staggered and bitten to form a biting opening; the front end of the biting opening is a receiving opening for wood slices to be processed, and the rear end is a sending opening for bitten filaments;

[0007] A thread-starting piece is embedded in each groove of the annular groove roller, the thickness of each thread-starting piece is smaller than the width of the groove, and there is no rotation constraint between the corresponding annular groove roller; the working state of each thread-starting piece is static, and the working state of each annular groove roller is dynamic, and it rotates toward the direction of the inlet; the thread-starting piece includes an arc-shaped working part and a protruding cone, the arc-shaped working part of the thread-starting piece is arranged at the bite mouth, and penetrates the bite mouth and the delivery mouth front and back, and the outer diameter of the arc-shaped working part is smaller than the outer diameter of the annular groove tooth piece; the arc-shaped working part of the thread-starting piece is at an angle α toward the delivery mouth from the center point of the bite mouth, and there is a protruding cone protruding from the annular groove tooth piece along a tangent line, and the protruding cone is used to guide the bitten filament to leave the groove.

[0008] Furthermore, the angle α is 5° to 16°.

[0009] Furthermore, the protruding cone and the arc-shaped working portion are integrally formed with a smooth transition.

[0010] Furthermore, a fixing portion is provided on a side of the thread-opening piece away from the working end, and the fixing portion is higher than the annular groove tooth piece, and is used to fix the thread-opening piece outside the annular groove roller.

[0011] Furthermore, the notch thickness of the annular groove tooth plate is 0.1-0.5 mm, and the width of the groove is 0.1-0.5 mm.

[0012] Furthermore, a method for processing straight lysed plant fibers is provided, the processing method being carried out on the device, and the method steps are as follows:

[0013] The two ring groove rollers rotate synchronously in the same direction at a linear speed, and then feed wooden flakes with a thickness of 0.1-0.5mm from the inlet of the equipment, and use the cylindrical surface formed by the multiple grooves on the ring groove roller to roll the soft wooden flakes into the bite mouth, and then use the upper and lower ring groove teeth to axially staggered bite and crack to obtain bite filaments with an equivalent diameter of 0.1-0.5mm; finally, use a wire opening piece with an outer diameter smaller than the ring groove teeth and a protruding cone protruding from the ring groove teeth to guide and open the filaments to escape from the groove, so that the soft filaments can be smoothly delivered from the delivery outlet.

[0014] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0015] A pair of annular groove rollers of the present invention are provided with annular groove teeth with a groove thickness of 0.1-0.5mm at equal intervals. The cylindrical surface formed by the plurality of grooves is used to roll the soft wood sheet into the bite mouth, and the upper and lower annular groove teeth are axially dislocated to bite and crack to obtain the bitten filaments (equivalent diameter of which is 0.1-0.5mm for plant fiber filaments). Finally, the wire-opening piece with an outer diameter smaller than that of the annular groove teeth and the protruding cone protruding from the annular groove teeth are used to guide and open the filaments to escape from the groove, thereby preventing the processed soft filaments from being attached and staying at the outlet.

[0016] The present invention sets a special shape of opening piece to cooperate with the ring groove roller, and uses the technical concept of "guiding" to welcome the thin slice to be processed into the bite mouth of the ring groove roller, and then uses the opening piece to open the filaments after biting and smoothly send them out of the groove. The present invention breaks through the bottleneck of the existing technology and overcomes the problem that the existing technology cannot realize mechanized production due to unfavorable factors such as curling and hanging of thin and soft plant fiber filaments. It realizes the full mechanical method of thinning wood slices such as wood, bamboo, hemp stalks, straw, etc., and smoothly separates and sends them out. The equivalent diameter of the obtained plant fiber filaments is 0.1-0.5mm, which lays a foundation for the efficient production of plant fibers.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0017] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a stereoscopic diagram of a device for straightly splitting plant fibers according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 The present invention is a front view of a device for straightly splitting plant fibers.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a partial schematic diagram of the protruding cone of a device for straightly splitting plant fibers according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fiber-opening piece of a device for straightly splitting plant fibers. [Specific implementation method]

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0024] See also Figure 1-4 The present invention relates to a device for straightening and splitting plant fibers, the device comprising a pair of annular groove rollers 1, each of the annular groove rollers 1 comprising a plurality of annular groove tooth pieces 11 arranged at equal intervals, and a groove 12 is arranged between adjacent annular groove tooth pieces 11; the annular groove rollers 1 are arranged up and down, and the upper and lower annular groove tooth pieces 11 are axially staggered and bitten to form a biting opening 13; the front end of the biting opening 13 is a receiving opening 14 for the wood slices to be processed, and the rear end is a delivery opening 15 for the bitten filaments;

[0025] A thread-opening piece 2 is embedded in each of the grooves 12 of the annular groove roller 1, and the thickness of each thread-opening piece 2 is smaller than the width of the groove 12, and there is no rotation constraint between the thread-opening piece 2 and the corresponding annular groove roller 1, and the two are independent of each other; the working state of each thread-opening piece 2 is a static state, and the working state of each annular groove roller 1 is a dynamic state, and it rotates toward the direction of the inlet 14; the thread-opening piece 2 includes an arc-shaped working portion 21 and a protruding cone 22, and the arc-shaped working portion 21 of the thread-opening piece 2 is arranged at the bite opening 13, and passes through the inlet 14 and the delivery outlet 15 from front to back, and the outer diameter of the arc-shaped working portion 21 is smaller than the outer diameter of the annular groove tooth piece 11; the arc-shaped working portion 21 of the thread-opening piece 2 is at an angle α from the center point of the bite opening 13 to the delivery outlet, and there is a protruding cone 22 protruding from the annular groove tooth piece 11 along a tangent line, and the protruding cone 22 is used to guide the bitten filament to leave the groove 12.

[0026] In a specific implementation, a preferred embodiment is: the angle α is 5° to 16°.

[0027] In a specific implementation, a preferred embodiment is as follows: the protruding cone 22 and the arc-shaped working portion 21 are integrally formed with each other and have a smooth transition.

[0028] In a specific implementation, a preferred embodiment is as follows: a fixing portion 23 is provided on the side of the thread-opening piece 2 away from the working end, and the fixing portion 23 is higher than the annular groove tooth piece 11, and is used to fix the thread-opening piece 2 outside the annular groove roller 1.

[0029] In a specific implementation, a preferred embodiment is as follows: the notch thickness of the annular groove tooth plate 11 is 0.1-0.5 mm, and the width of the groove 12 is 0.1-0.5 mm.

[0030] The present invention also relates to a method for processing straight split plant fibers, which is based on the device and has the following steps:

[0031] The two annular groove rollers 1 rotate synchronously in the same direction at a linear speed, and then feed wooden flakes with a thickness of 0.1-0.5 mm from the inlet 14 of the device, and use the cylindrical surface formed by the multiple grooves on the annular groove roller 1 to roll the soft wooden flakes into the bite opening 13, and then use the upper and lower annular groove tooth pieces 11 to axially staggered bite and crack to obtain bite-cracked filaments with an equivalent diameter of 0.1-0.5 mm; finally, use the wire-opening piece 2 with an outer diameter smaller than the annular groove tooth piece 11, and the protruding cone 22 protruding from the annular groove tooth piece 11 to guide and open the filaments to escape from the groove, so that the soft filaments can be smoothly delivered from the delivery outlet 15.

[0032] The technical scheme of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. If specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer is not specified for the reagents or instruments used, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] 1. The thickness of the bamboo slices (bamboo strips) to be processed is 0.3mm.

[0035] 2. A pair of annular groove rollers 1, the width of the notch and the groove 12 of the annular groove tooth plate 11 are both 0.3mm; the thickness of the thread opening piece 2 is 0.25mm, and the number is equal to the number of the grooves 12.

[0036] 3. The thread opening piece 2 is embedded in the groove 12 at the bite opening 13, and penetrates the grooves 12 at the receiving opening 14 and the delivery opening 15 from front to back, and is fixed outside the annular groove roller 1 through its fixing portion 23, and is arranged stationary relative to the annular groove roller 1.

[0037] 4. Make the two ring groove rollers 1 rotate synchronously in the same direction at a linear speed, and feed the thin slices to obtain 0.3 mm wide bamboo filaments (fibers).

[0038] Example 2

[0039] 1. The thickness of the wood flakes (shavings) to be processed is 0.3 mm.

[0040] 2. A pair of annular groove rollers 1, the width of the notch and the groove 12 of the annular groove tooth plate 11 are both 0.3mm; the thickness of the thread opening piece 2 is 0.25mm, and the number is equal to the number of the grooves 12.

[0041] 3. The thread opening piece 2 is embedded in the groove 12 at the bite opening 13, and penetrates the grooves 12 at the receiving opening 14 and the delivery opening 15 from front to back, and is fixed outside the annular groove roller 1 through its fixing portion 23, and is arranged stationary relative to the annular groove roller 1.

[0042] 4. Make the two ring groove rollers 1 rotate synchronously in the same direction at a linear speed, and feed the thin slices to obtain 0.3 mm wide wood fibers (fibers).

[0043] Example 3

[0044] 1. The thickness of the hemp slices (hemp skin) to be added is 0.5mm.

[0045] 2. A pair of annular groove rollers 1, the width of the notch and the groove 12 of the annular groove tooth plate 11 are both 0.5mm; the thickness of the thread opening piece 2 is 0.45mm, and the number is equal to the number of the grooves 12.

[0046] 3. The thread opening piece 2 is embedded in the groove 12 at the bite opening 13, and penetrates the grooves 12 at the receiving opening 14 and the delivery opening 15 from front to back, and is fixed outside the annular groove roller 1 through its fixing portion 23, and is arranged stationary relative to the annular groove roller 1.

[0047] 4. Make the two ring groove rollers 1 rotate synchronously in the same direction at a linear speed, and feed hemp skin to obtain hemp silk (fiber) with a width of 0.5 mm.

[0048] In summary, a pair of annular groove rollers of the present invention are evenly spaced with annular groove teeth with a groove thickness of 0.1-0.5mm, and the soft thin sheet is rolled into the bite mouth by utilizing the cylindrical surface formed by the plurality of grooves, and the bitten filaments (equivalent diameter of which is 0.1-0.5mm plant fiber filaments) are obtained by axially displaced biting and cracking of the upper and lower annular groove teeth; finally, the wire-opening piece with an outer diameter smaller than that of the annular groove teeth and the protruding cone protruding from the annular groove teeth are utilized to guide and open the filaments to escape from the groove, thereby preventing the processed soft filaments from being attached and staying at the outlet.

[0049] The present invention sets a special shape of opening piece to cooperate with the ring groove roller, and uses the technical concept of "guiding" to welcome the thin slice to be processed into the bite mouth of the ring groove roller, and then uses the opening piece to open the filaments after biting and smoothly send them out of the groove. The present invention breaks through the bottleneck of the existing technology and overcomes the problem that the existing technology cannot realize mechanized production due to unfavorable factors such as curling and hanging of thin and soft plant fiber filaments. It realizes the full mechanical method of thinning wood slices such as wood, bamboo, hemp stalks, straw, etc., and smoothly separates and sends them out. The equivalent diameter of the obtained plant fiber filaments is 0.1-0.5mm, which lays a foundation for the efficient production of plant fibers.

[0050] Although the specific implementation modes of the present invention are described above, those skilled in the art should understand that the specific implementation modes described are only illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Equivalent modifications and changes made by those skilled in the art in accordance with the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for straightening and splitting plant fibers, characterized in that: The device comprises a pair of annular groove rollers, each of which comprises a plurality of annular groove tooth plates arranged at equal intervals, and grooves are arranged between adjacent annular groove tooth plates; the annular groove rollers are arranged up and down, and the upper and lower annular groove tooth plates are axially staggered and bite to form a bite opening; the front end of the bite opening is the inlet for the wood slices to be processed, and the rear end is the outlet for the bitten filaments; A thread-starting piece is embedded in each groove of the annular groove roller, the thickness of each thread-starting piece is smaller than the width of the groove, and there is no rotation constraint between the corresponding annular groove roller; the working state of each thread-starting piece is static, and the working state of each annular groove roller is dynamic, and it rotates toward the direction of the inlet; the thread-starting piece includes an arc-shaped working part and a protruding cone, the arc-shaped working part of the thread-starting piece is arranged at the bite mouth, and penetrates the bite mouth and the delivery mouth front and back, and the outer diameter of the arc-shaped working part is smaller than the outer diameter of the annular groove tooth piece; the arc-shaped working part of the thread-starting piece is at an angle α toward the delivery mouth from the center point of the bite mouth, and there is a protruding cone protruding from the annular groove tooth piece along a tangent line, and the protruding cone is used to guide the bitten filament to leave the groove.

2. The device for straightening and splitting plant fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle α is 5° to 16°.

3. The device for straightening and splitting plant fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protruding cone and the arc-shaped working portion are integrally formed with each other and have a smooth transition.

4. The device for straightening and splitting plant fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixing portion is provided on the side of the thread-opening piece away from the working end, and the fixing portion is higher than the annular groove tooth piece and is used for fixing the thread-opening piece outside the annular groove roller.

5. The device for straightening and splitting plant fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The notch thickness of the annular groove tooth plate is 0.1-0.5 mm, and the width of the groove is 0.1-0.5 mm.

6. A method for processing straight split plant fibers, characterized in that: The processing method is carried out on the equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and the steps of the method are as follows: The two ring groove rollers rotate synchronously in the same direction at a linear speed, and then feed wooden flakes with a thickness of 0.1-0.5mm from the inlet of the equipment, and use the cylindrical surface formed by the multiple grooves on the ring groove roller to roll the soft wooden flakes into the bite mouth, and then use the upper and lower ring groove teeth to axially staggered bite and crack to obtain bite filaments with an equivalent diameter of 0.1-0.5mm; finally, use a wire opening piece with an outer diameter smaller than the ring groove teeth and a protruding cone protruding from the ring groove teeth to guide and open the filaments to escape from the groove, so that the soft filaments can be smoothly delivered from the delivery outlet.

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