High-color-fastness superfine fiber yarn and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-color-fastness superfine fiber yarn, which comprises the following steps: respectively feeding a marine phase raw material and an island phase raw material into respective double screws for plasticizing and mixing, spinning by a spinning assembly to form nascent fibers, and stretching, cooling and shaping the nascent fibers to obtain a sea-island yarn; wherein the marine phase raw material is a soluble polymer, and the island phase raw material is a non-soluble polymer; the sea-island yarn is a hollow sea-island yarn and comprises a hollow part and a circle of sea-island composite part surrounding the hollow part, and the sea-island composite part comprises at least eight island phases and a circle of sea phases wrapping the island phases. The prepared sea-island yarn is subjected to splitting treatment, and superfine fiber yarn is prepared; the superfine fiber yarn obtained after splitting treatment is subjected to dyeing treatment; and carrying out shaping treatment on the dyed superfine fiber yarns. The dry and wet grinding color fastness of the high-color-fastness superfine fiber yarn can reach level 4 or above, and the yarn has the advantages of being uniform in color and luster, soft and fluffy in hand feeling and good in warm keeping effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of yarns, and in particular to a superfine fiber yarn with high color fastness and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, the single filament fineness of ultrafine fiber yarn can reach 0.1-0.5dtex, which is obtained by opening the island yarn; the island yarn has a unique "sea" and "island" structure, and the opening process dissolves part of the "sea" component, exposing the "island" component, namely the ultrafine fiber. These ultrafine fibers have a large specific surface area and their color fastness is level 2.5 or even lower when dyed in dark colors. In the spinning process of 16 "islands", 37 "islands" or 64 "islands" sea-island yarns, the spinnerets are arranged from the outside to the inside, such as: 37 islands have four layers, the first layer has 18 islands, the second layer has 12 islands, the third layer has 6 islands, and the fourth layer has 1 island. When opening the fibers, the opening solution first dissolves the sea phase surrounding the 18 islands, and then dissolves the sea phase surrounding the 12, 6, and 1 islands. This opening process makes the opening rate too low, and then when dyeing, the distribution of the dye on the surface and inside of the yarn is inconsistent, resulting in uneven color of the dyed yarn, and the low opening rate makes the ultrafine fiber yarn feel rough and stiff. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a high color fastness ultrafine fiber yarn and a preparation method thereof; the dry and wet grinding color fastness of the high color fastness ultrafine fiber yarn can reach above level 4, and has the advantages of uniform color, soft and fluffy feel, and good warmth retention effect.

[0004] In order to achieve the above technical objectives and the above technical effects, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0005] On the one hand, the present invention provides a method for preparing a high color fastness ultrafine fiber yarn, which comprises the following steps:

[0006] (1) Preparation of island-in-the-sea yarn

[0007] The sea phase raw material and the island phase raw material are respectively fed into respective twin screws for plasticization and mixing, and the raw materials are spun through a spinning assembly to form primary fibers, and the primary fibers are stretched, cooled and shaped to obtain sea island yarns; wherein the sea phase raw material is a soluble polymer, and the island phase raw material is an insoluble polymer; the sea island yarn is a hollow sea island yarn, which includes a hollow part and a circle of sea island composite parts surrounding the hollow part, and the sea island composite part includes at least 8 island phases and a circle of sea phases wrapping the island phases;

[0008] (2) Fiber opening

[0009] The sea-island yarn obtained in step (1) is subjected to a fiber-opening treatment to obtain an ultrafine fiber yarn; wherein the fiber-opening rate is 16%-17%;

[0010] (3) Dyeing

[0011] Dyeing the microfiber yarn after fiber opening;

[0012] (4) Finalization

[0013] The dyed microfiber yarn is subjected to shaping treatment.

[0014] Furthermore, the soluble polymer is alkali-soluble COPET, and the insoluble polymer is PET.

[0015] Furthermore, in step (2), the fiber opening rate is 16%.

[0016] Furthermore, in step (2), the fiber opening temperature is 110-120°C.

[0017] Furthermore, in step (2), the fiber opening treatment liquid used for the fiber opening treatment is a solution containing liquid alkali.

[0018] Furthermore, the color fastness of the dyed microfiber is above grade 4.

[0019] Furthermore, in step (4), the process conditions for the shaping treatment are: temperature 170°C, speed 20m / min, door width 155cm, and air volume 1300rpm.

[0020] On the other hand, the present invention provides a high color fastness ultrafine fiber yarn, which includes a plurality of ultrafine fibers, each of which includes an island phase and a trace amount of sea phase wrapped on the surface of the island phase; there are gaps between the plurality of ultrafine fibers.

[0021] Furthermore, the color fastness of the microfiber yarn is above grade 4.

[0022] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0023] The present invention obtains hollow sea-island fibers through spinning process, stretching, cooling and finalizing. The hollow sea-island fibers include a hollow part and a circle of sea-island composite parts surrounding the hollow part. The sea-island composite parts include at least 8 island phases and a circle of sea phase wrapping the island phase. When opening the fibers, the opening rate is controlled to be 16%-18%. After opening the fibers, the sea phase part is not completely dissolved, and an island phase wrapped with a trace amount of sea phase is formed. The present invention forms a sea-island yarn with a hollow structure, so that the purpose of uniform opening can be achieved when opening the fibers, so that the sea phases around all the island phases can be treated by the opening treatment liquid, and the opening treatment liquid can be treated. A trace amount of sea phase is retained on the island phase; the retained trace amount of sea phase can be conducive to the formation of a protective film after dyeing; specifically, during the dyeing process, the high-temperature and high-pressure dye molecules penetrate the sea component and enter the island component fibers, so that the dye dyes the sea component and the island component at the same time, and because the outer surface of the island component is wrapped with the sea component, the feasibility of adsorbing dye molecules on the outer surface of the island component is small, and the molecular chains of the sea component fibers with high crystallinity are arranged tightly and regularly. The dye molecules enter the interior of the fiber and can form a protective film after dyeing, thereby ensuring better friction color fastness, so that the friction color fastness of the obtained ultrafine fiber yarn reaches above level 4.

[0024] In addition, due to the hollow structure of the sea-island fiber yarn, after opening, the microfiber yarn has larger gaps, making the microfiber yarn soft and fluffy, and having a better warmth retention effect.

[0025] In addition, when producing the ultrafine fiber yarn of the present invention, the amount of sea phase raw material used is less than 1 / 3 of that of ordinary ultrafine fiber yarn under the same D number and island number. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the hollow island-in-the-sea yarn obtained in step (1) of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ultrafine fiber yarn after fiber opening in step (2) of an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solutions in the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] The present invention provides a method for preparing a high color fastness ultrafine fiber yarn, which comprises the following steps:

[0030] (1) Preparation of island-in-the-sea yarn

[0031] The sea phase raw material and the island phase raw material are respectively fed into respective twin screws for plasticization and mixing, and the raw materials are spun through a spinning assembly to form primary fibers, and the primary fibers are stretched, cooled and shaped to obtain sea island yarns; wherein the sea phase raw material is a soluble polymer, and the island phase raw material is an insoluble polymer; the sea island yarn is a hollow sea island yarn, which includes a hollow part and a circle of sea island composite parts surrounding the hollow part, and the sea island composite part includes at least 8 island phases and a circle of sea phase wrapping the island phase; the soluble polymer is alkali-soluble COPET, and the insoluble polymer is PET (polyethylene terephthalate);

[0032] The structure of the hollow sea-island yarn in this step is achieved by designing a spinning assembly. Specifically, the spinning assembly includes a plurality of distribution channels. After the spinning solution enters the spinning assembly, it will be diverted along the pre-designed channels. The distribution channels will guide the solution of the island phase component into a plurality of thin streams evenly spaced and circularly distributed. At the same time, a flow channel space corresponding to the hollow part is reserved in the center, so that the sea phase component surrounds the outer layer of the island phase and fills the corresponding area, and is extruded from the spinneret hole; and then a multi-island circular arrangement and hollow structure is formed by drawing and cooling.

[0033] (2) Fiber opening

[0034] The sea-island yarn obtained in step (1) is subjected to a fiber-opening treatment to obtain a microfiber yarn; the fiber-opening treatment liquid used for the fiber-opening treatment is a solution containing liquid alkali, specifically, 1L of the fiber-opening treatment liquid contains 0.0045g of liquid alkali, and in addition, the fiber-opening treatment liquid also contains a refining agent and a chelating agent; the fiber-opening process conditions are: heating to 110-120°C at 1.5°C / min, keeping warm for 30 minutes, and then cooling at 1°C / min;

[0035] Through experiments, the fiber opening rates are designed to be 8%, 11%, 14%, 16%, 18%, 19%, 21%, 23%, 26%, and 29%; the fiber opening rate refers to the ratio of the number of ultrafine fibers separated after fiber opening to the total number of fibers;

[0036] (3) Dyeing

[0037] The microfiber yarn after fiber opening treatment is dyed; the dyeing process conditions are: heating to 130°C at 0.8°C / min, and then cooling at 1°C / min;

[0038] (4) Finalization

[0039] The dyed microfiber yarn is subjected to a shaping treatment; the shaping treatment conditions are: temperature 170°C, speed 20m / min, width 155cm, air volume 1300rpm;

[0040] When the fiber opening rate is 8%, 11% and 14%, the yarn feels hard, and the island component wraps too much of the sea component during coloring, making it difficult for the dye to penetrate into the fiber, resulting in uneven coloring. When the fiber opening rate is 18%, 19% and 21%, the island component is exposed too much, the surface area increases, and the color fastness is poor; when the fiber opening rate is 23%, 26% and 29%, the sea component is completely dissolved, and the color fastness of dark colors is only about level 2; when the fiber opening rate is 16%, the color fastness of the ultrafine fiber yarn can reach above level 4.

[0041] The high color fastness ultrafine fiber yarn prepared by the preparation method comprises a plurality of ultrafine fibers, each of which comprises an island phase and a trace amount of sea phase wrapped on the surface of the island phase.

[0042] The rubbing color fastness of the microfiber yarn is above grade 4.

[0043] Example

[0044] The method for preparing the high color fastness ultrafine fiber yarn of this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0045] (1) Preparation of island-in-the-sea yarn

[0046] The sea phase raw material and the island phase raw material are respectively fed into respective twin screws for plasticization and mixing, and spun through a spinning assembly to form primary fibers, and the primary fibers are stretched, cooled and shaped to obtain sea island yarns; wherein the sea phase raw material is a soluble polymer, and the island phase raw material is an insoluble polymer; the sea island yarn is a hollow sea island yarn, which includes a hollow portion 1 and a circle of sea island composite portions surrounding the hollow portion 1, and the sea island composite portion includes 17 island phases 2 and a circle of sea phase 3 wrapping the island phase 2, such as Figure 1 As shown;

[0047] (2) Fiber opening

[0048] The sea-island yarn obtained in step (1) is subjected to a fiber-opening treatment to obtain a microfiber yarn; the fiber-opening treatment liquid used for the fiber-opening treatment is a solution containing liquid alkali; the 1L fiber-opening treatment liquid contains liquid alkali, a refining agent and a chelating agent, wherein the concentration of the liquid alkali is 0.0045 g / L; the fiber-opening process conditions are: heating to 110°C at 1.5°C / min, keeping the temperature for 30 minutes, and then cooling at 1°C / min;

[0049] (3) Dyeing

[0050] The microfiber yarn after fiber opening treatment is dyed with disperse dyes; the dyeing process conditions are: heating to 130°C at 0.8°C / min, and then cooling at 1°C / min;

[0051] (4) Finalization

[0052] The dyed microfiber yarn is subjected to a shaping treatment under the following conditions: temperature 170°C, speed 20m / min, width 155cm, and air volume 1300rpm.

[0053] The high color fastness ultrafine fiber yarn prepared by the preparation method comprises a plurality of ultrafine fibers, each of which comprises an island phase and a trace amount of sea phase wrapped on the surface of the island phase.

[0054] The rubbing color fastness of the microfiber yarn is above grade 4.

[0055] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-restrictive in all respects, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the present invention.

[0056] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for preparing ultrafine fiber yarn with high color fastness, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) Preparation of island-in-the-sea yarn The sea phase raw material and the island phase raw material are respectively fed into respective twin screws for plasticization and mixing, and the raw materials are spun through a spinning assembly to form primary fibers, and the primary fibers are stretched, cooled and shaped to obtain sea island yarns; wherein the sea phase raw material is a soluble polymer, and the island phase raw material is an insoluble polymer; the sea island yarn is a hollow sea island yarn, which includes a hollow part and a circle of sea island composite parts surrounding the hollow part, and the sea island composite part includes at least 8 island phases and a circle of sea phases wrapping the island phases; (2) Fiber opening The sea-island yarn obtained in step (1) is subjected to a fiber-opening treatment to obtain an ultrafine fiber yarn; wherein the fiber-opening rate is 16%-17%; (3) Dyeing Dyeing the microfiber yarn after fiber opening; (4) Finalization The dyed microfiber yarn is subjected to shaping treatment.

2. The method for preparing a high color fastness ultrafine fiber yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soluble polymer is alkali-soluble COPET, and the insoluble polymer is PET.

3. The method for preparing a high color fastness ultrafine fiber yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the fiber opening rate is 16%.

4. The method for preparing a high color fastness ultrafine fiber yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the fiber opening temperature is 110-120°C.

5. The method for preparing a high color fastness ultrafine fiber yarn according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step (2), the fiber opening treatment liquid used for the fiber opening treatment is a solution containing liquid alkali.

6. The method for preparing a high color fastness ultrafine fiber yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The color fastness of the dyed microfiber is above grade 4.

7. The method for preparing a high color fastness ultrafine fiber yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (4), the process conditions for the shaping treatment are: temperature 170° C., speed 20 m / min, door width 155 cm, and air volume 1300 rpm.

8. A high color fastness microfiber yarn, characterized in that: It is prepared by the preparation method described in any one of claims 1 to 7; the high color fastness ultrafine fiber yarn comprises a plurality of ultrafine fibers, each of which comprises an island phase and a trace amount of sea phase wrapped on the surface of the island phase; and there are gaps between the plurality of ultrafine fibers.

9. The high color fastness microfiber yarn according to claim 8, characterized in that: The color fastness of this microfiber yarn is above grade 4.

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