Pitching excitation downhole tool assembly

Abstract

The invention discloses a ball injection excitation downhole tool assembly which comprises a shell, a shielding piston III, an upper end cavity, a fourth ball seat, a shielding piston II, a third ball seat, a second ball seat, a shielding piston I, a lower end cavity and a first ball seat. The first ball seat is fixed in the lower end cavity through a shear pin I, the shielding piston I and the second ball seat are connected through a shear pin II to form a small assembly I, and the small assembly I is connected in the lower end cavity through a shear pin III; the shielding piston II and the third ball seat are connected through a shear pin V to form a small assembly II, and the small assembly II is connected into the shielding piston II through a shear pin IV; the shielding piston III and the fourth ball seat are connected through a shear pin VI to form a small assembly III, and the small assembly III is connected into the shielding piston III through a shear pin VII. The assembly is combined with a reaming tool, and after a reamer is excited and the working state of the tool is switched back to the normal state, large-displacement continuous normal drilling or large-displacement cyclic drilling can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas drilling, and in particular relates to a ball-throwing excitation downhole tool assembly. Background Art

[0002] Throwing a ball to hold the pressure to cut the shear pin and stimulate the downhole tool to make corresponding actions to achieve a certain specific function is a very widely used technology in downhole tools, such as hydraulic reamer, hydraulic scraper, hydraulic stabilizer, hydraulic variable diameter stabilizer, etc. This technology has a simple structure, is reliable, and has obvious excitation signals, but the traditional structure only throws one ball, and the tool cannot be reset after being excited. Taking the common hydraulic reamer as an example, it adopts single-ball excitation. When the reamer is working, the starting ball is thrown in, and the starting ball falls into the starting mechanism to form a pressure-holding shear pin, open the main fluid channel and the bypass fluid channel, and the main fluid continues to flow downward to the pilot drill bit. The bypass fluid drives the blade to extend and clean and cool the blade. After the reaming is completed, the blade is retracted by stopping the pump or reducing the pump pressure and resetting the blade by spring. After being excited, this reamer cannot switch the working state back to the normal drilling state (large displacement drilling but the blade does not extend), nor can it circulate drilling with large displacement (large displacement circulation drilling but the blade does not extend). Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a ball-throwing downhole tool assembly, which, combined with a reaming tool, can switch the tool working state back to a normal state after the reamer is excited.

[0004] The technical scheme adopted by the present invention is that the ball-casting downhole tool assembly comprises a shell, a blocking piston III, an upper end cavity, a No. 4 ball seat, a blocking piston II, a No. 3 ball seat, a No. 2 ball seat, a blocking piston I, a lower end cavity, and a No. 1 ball seat; an upper end cavity and a lower end cavity are arranged in the shell, and a diverter hole II is arranged on the lower end cavity; a diverter hole III is arranged on the upper end cavity; the No. 1 ball seat is fixed in the hole in the lower end cavity by a shear pin I, and a diverter hole I is arranged on the No. 1 ball seat; the blocking piston is provided with a shear pin I, and a shear pin I is provided on the No. 1 ball seat; the blocking piston is provided with a shear pin I, and a shear pin I is provided on the No. 1 ball seat; the blocking piston is provided with a shear pin I, and a shear pin I is provided on the blocking piston I ... Plug Ⅰ and ball seat No. 2 are connected by shear pin Ⅱ to form a small assembly Ⅰ, and small assembly Ⅰ is connected to the inner hole of the lower end cavity by shear pin Ⅲ; shielding piston Ⅱ and ball seat No. 3 are connected by shear pin Ⅴ to form a small assembly Ⅱ, and small assembly Ⅱ is connected to the inner hole of shielding piston Ⅱ by shear pin Ⅳ; shielding piston Ⅲ and ball seat No. 4 are connected by shear pin Ⅵ to form a small assembly Ⅲ, and small assembly Ⅲ is connected to the inner hole of shielding piston Ⅲ by shear pin Ⅶ.

[0005] The present invention is also characterized in that:

[0006] The excitation pressure of shear pin III is less than that of shear pin II; the excitation pressure of shear pin IV is less than that of shear pin V; the excitation pressure of shear pin VII is less than that of shear pin VI.

[0007] A V-shaped casting frame is provided at the right end of the No. 1 ball seat. The V-shaped casting frame is used to cooperate with the ball A, and its inner diameter D1 is smaller than the diameter of the ball A.

[0008] A V-shaped casting frame is provided at the left end of the No. 2 ball seat. The V-shaped casting frame is used to cooperate with ball B. The inner diameter D2 of the V-shaped casting frame is smaller than the diameter of ball B but larger than the diameter of ball A.

[0009] A V-shaped casting frame is provided at the left end of the No. 3 ball seat. The V-shaped casting frame is used to cooperate with the ball C. The inner diameter D3 of the V-shaped casting frame is smaller than the diameter of the ball C but larger than the diameter of the ball B.

[0010] A V-shaped casting frame is provided at the left end of the No. 4 ball seat. The V-shaped casting frame is used to cooperate with the ball D. The inner diameter D4 of the V-shaped casting frame is smaller than the diameter of the ball D but larger than the diameter of the ball C.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the ball-throwing downhole tool assembly of the present invention can be used on downhole tools such as reamer, variable diameter stabilizer, bypass valve, etc., and the working state of the downhole tool can be changed by the ball-throwing excitation structure. A small ball is thrown to start a certain function, and a large ball is thrown to complete the reset. The tool is thus excited, and then reset, and the cycle is repeated twice. Combined with the reamer tool, the reamer can switch the tool working state back to the normal state after being excited, and the reamer can be excited again and switched back to the normal state again. Normal drilling can be continued at a large displacement or the drilling can be cyclically started at a large displacement, which saves the number of drilling times and improves the drilling efficiency. The structure is simple and reliable, and the operation is convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the initial state of the ball-throwing downhole tool assembly of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 2 This is a state diagram of the ball-throwing downhole tool assembly of the present invention after the ball A is thrown into the downhole tool assembly;

[0014] Figure 3 This is a state diagram of the ball-throwing downhole tool assembly of the present invention after the ball B is thrown into the downhole tool assembly;

[0015] Figure 4 This is a state diagram of the ball-throwing downhole tool assembly after the ball C is thrown into the downhole tool assembly of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 5 This is a state diagram of the ball-throwing downhole tool assembly after the ball D is thrown into the downhole tool assembly of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 6 FIG. 1 is an application state diagram of the ball-throwing downhole tool assembly of the present invention on the reamer;

[0018] Figure 7 FIG. 2 is an application state diagram of the ball-throwing downhole tool assembly of the present invention on the reamer;

[0019] In the figure, 300. Ball throwing excitation downhole tool assembly, 301. Shell, 302. Blocking piston III, 303. Upper end cover, 304. Upper end chamber, 305. No. 4 ball seat, 306. Diverter hole III, 307. Blocking piston II, 308. No. 3 ball seat, 309. No. 2 ball seat, 310. Blocking piston I, 311. Diverter hole II, 312. Lower end chamber, 313. Diverter hole I, 314. Lower end cover, 315. No. 1 ball seat, 316. Shear pin I, 317. Shear pin II, 318. Shear pin III , 319. Shear pin IV, 320. Shear pin V, 321. Shear pin VI, 322. Shear pin VII, 3004. Ball A, 3005. Ball B, 3004. Ball C, 3005. Ball D, 3. Guide sleeve, 4. Nozzle, 5. Blade, 101. Arrow A, 102. Arrow B, 103. Arrow C, 201. Arrow D, 202. Arrow E, 203. Arrow F, 204. Arrow G, 205. Arrow H, 3001. Arrow I, 3002. Arrow J, 3003. Arrow K. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] The ball throwing and exciting downhole tool assembly of the present invention is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes a housing 301, a blocking piston III 302, an upper end cover 303, an upper end chamber 304, a No. 4 ball seat 305, a diverter hole III 306, a blocking piston II 307, a No. 3 ball seat 308, a No. 2 ball seat 309, a blocking piston I 310, a diverter hole II 311, a lower end chamber 312, a diverter hole I 313, a lower end cover 314, a No. 1 ball seat 315, a shear pin I 316, a shear pin II 317, a shear Pin III 318, shear pin IV 319, shear pin V 320, shear pin VI 321, shear pin VII 322; a ball-throwing excitation structure is adopted, which can selectively excite a certain tool to complete an action and reset the action of the tool. The ball-throwing excitation structure needs to throw a total of 4 balls, which must be thrown in sequence: the first ball A3004, the second ball B3005, the third ball C3006, and the fourth ball D3007.

[0023] The tool has five working states: the first state is the state of not throwing the ball, the three diverter holes are in the closed state, and the fluid all flows to the main channel of the tool; the second state is the state after throwing the ball A, the diverter holes I and II are opened, the fluid is diverted, one part flows to the diverter hole II, and the other part continues to flow to the main channel through the diverter hole I; the third state is the state after throwing the ball B, the diverter hole II is closed, and the fluid all flows to the main channel at the bottom of the tool again; the fourth state is the state after throwing the ball C, the diverter hole III is opened, the fluid is diverted again, one part flows to the diverter hole III, and the other part continues to flow to the main channel through the diverter hole I; the fifth state is the state after throwing the ball D, the diverter hole III is closed, and the fluid all flows to the main channel at the bottom of the tool through the diverter hole I again. There is a sequence for throwing the ball, and only ball A, ball B, ball C, and ball D can be thrown in sequence. If the throwing order is disordered, although it will not cause underground accidents, it will not play the role of switching the tool state.

[0024] The housing 301 is provided with an upper end chamber 304 and a lower end chamber 312. The upper end chamber 304 is provided with an upper end cover 303, the lower end chamber 312 is provided with a lower end cover 314, the lower end chamber 312 is provided with a diverter hole II 311; the upper end chamber 304 is provided with a diverter hole III 306;

[0025] The No. 1 ball seat 315 is fixed in the inner hole of the lower end cavity 312 by a shear pin Ⅰ316. The number of shear pins Ⅰ316 can be appropriately increased or decreased according to the need for excitation pressure. The No. 1 ball seat 315 is provided with a diverter hole Ⅰ313. When the ball is not cast, the cylindrical surface at the left end of the No. 1 ball seat 315 blocks the diverter hole Ⅰ313 on the left side of the lower end cavity. After the pump is turned on, the fluid can only flow along the central channel of the No. 1 ball seat 315. At this time, the fluid flow direction is shown by arrow I3001. The diverter hole Ⅰ313 on the right side of the lower ball seat 315 does not work. The diverter hole Ⅰ313 can be perpendicular to the central axis or have a certain angle with the central axis.

[0026] A V-shaped casting frame is provided at the right end of the No. 1 ball seat 315. The V-shaped casting frame is used to cooperate with the ball A3004, and its inner diameter D1 is smaller than the diameter of the ball A3004.

[0027] like Figure 2 As shown: after the ball A3004 is dropped, the ball A3004 falls into the V-shaped casting frame of the No. 1 ball seat 315, and the fluid channel is temporarily blocked. After the pressure rises to a certain level, the shear pin I316 is cut off, and the No. 1 ball seat 315 and the ball A3004 move together. After being limited by the lower end cover 314, the diverter hole I313 of the No. 1 ball seat 315 is opened, and the diverter hole II311 of the lower end cavity 312 is also opened. At this time, the fluid flows in the following directions: a part of the fluid flows into the main channel from the diverter hole I313, as shown by the arrow J3002, and this part of the fluid flows to the lower drill string or drill bit; another part of the fluid flows out from the diverter hole II311, as shown by the arrow K3003, and this part of the fluid can be used to stimulate the downhole tool to produce a certain action.

[0028] like Figure 3 As shown: the blocking piston Ⅰ310 and the second ball seat 309 are connected together through the shear pin Ⅱ317 to form a small assembly Ⅰ, which is connected to the inner hole of the lower end cavity 312 through the shear pin Ⅲ318. The excitation pressure of the shear pin Ⅲ318 must be less than the excitation pressure of the shear pin Ⅱ317. The shear pin Ⅲ318 must be sheared first before the shear pin Ⅱ317 can be broken. If the order is reversed, the shear pin Ⅱ317 is sheared first, which will cause the effect of the injection ball B3005 to fail, and the diverter hole Ⅱ311 cannot be closed, resulting in the tool being unable to be reset.

[0029] After the ball B3005 is put in, the shear pin III318 is sheared off first, driving the blocking piston I310 to move rightward, blocking the diverter hole II311 of the lower end chamber 312, and then being limited by the left end face of the No. 1 ball seat 315. At this time, the pressure continues to rise, and finally shears the shear pin II317, and then the No. 2 ball seat 309 and the ball B3005 move together, and finally fall into the No. 1 ball seat 315. At this time, the diverter hole II311 is in a closed state, and all the fluid flows to the main channel of the tool along the arrow J3002.

[0030] There is a V-shaped casting frame at the left end of the second ball seat 309, which is used to cooperate with the ball B3005. The inner diameter D2 of the V-shaped casting frame is smaller than the diameter of the ball B3005 but larger than the diameter of the ball A3004.

[0031] like Figure 4 As shown: the shielding piston II 307 and the third ball seat 308 are connected together through the shear pin V 320 to form a small assembly II, which is connected to the inner hole of the shielding piston II 307 through the shear pin IV 319. The excitation pressure of the shear pin IV 319 must be less than the excitation pressure of the shear pin V 320. The shear pin IV 319 must be sheared first before the shear pin V 320 can be broken. If the order is reversed, the shear pin V 320 is sheared first, which will cause the effect of the drop ball C 3006 to fail, and the diversion hole III 306 cannot be opened, and the downhole tool cannot be stimulated to produce a certain action.

[0032] After the ball C3006 is put in, the shear pin IV319 is sheared off first, driving the shielding piston II307 to move rightward, opening the diverter hole III306 of the upper end chamber 304, and being limited by the left end face of the shielding piston I310. At this time, the pressure continues to rise, and finally shears the shear pin V320, and then the No. 3 ball seat 308 and the ball C3006 move together, and finally fall into the No. 1 ball seat 315. At this time, the diverter hole II311 is in a closed state, and a part of the fluid flows from the diverter hole I313 into the main channel, as shown by the arrow J3002, and this part of the fluid flows to the lower drill string or drill bit; the other part of the fluid flows out from the diverter hole III306, as shown by the arrow K3003, and this part of the fluid can be used to stimulate the downhole tool to produce a certain action.

[0033] There is a V-shaped casting frame at the left end of the third ball seat 308, which is used to cooperate with the ball C3006. The inner diameter D3 of the V-shaped casting frame is smaller than the diameter of the ball C3006 but larger than the diameter of the ball B3005.

[0034] like Figure 5 As shown: the shielding piston III 302 and the fourth ball seat 305 are connected together through the shear pin VI 321 to form a small assembly III, which is connected to the inner hole of the shielding piston III 302 through the shear pin VII 322. The excitation pressure of the shear pin VII 322 must be less than the excitation pressure of the shear pin VI 321. The shear pin VII 322 must be sheared first before the shear pin VI 321 can be broken. If the order is reversed, the shear pin VI 321 is sheared first, which will cause the effect of the injection ball D3007 to fail, and the diverter hole III 306 cannot be closed, resulting in the tool being unable to be reset.

[0035] After the ball D3007 is put in, the shear pin VII 322 is sheared off first, driving the shielding piston III 302 to move rightward, blocking the diverter hole III 306 of the upper end chamber 304, and then being limited by the left end face of the shielding piston II 307. At this time, the pressure continues to rise, and finally shears the shear pin VI 321, and then the No. 4 ball seat 305 and the ball D3007 move together, and finally fall into the No. 1 ball seat 315. At this time, the diverter hole III 306 is in a closed state, and all the fluid flows to the main channel of the tool along the arrow J3002.

[0036] There is a V-shaped casting frame at the left end of the fourth ball seat 305, and the V-shaped casting frame is used to cooperate with the ball D3007. The inner diameter D4 of the V-shaped casting frame is smaller than the diameter of the ball D3007 but larger than the diameter of the ball C3006.

[0037] After the ball-dropping downhole tool assembly of the present invention is applied to the reamer, a guide sleeve 3 is installed in the reamer housing, the outer cylindrical surface of the guide sleeve 3 is close to the inner hole of the reamer housing, and there is a V-shaped structure on the right side, which can protect the inner hole of the housing and the right joint from being eroded by the fluid.

[0038] The materials of ball A3004, ball B3005, ball C3006, and ball D3007 can be steel balls, copper balls, resin balls, or soluble balls, etc. Ball seat No. 1 315, ball seat No. 2 309, ball seat No. 3 308, ball seat No. 4 305, shielding piston I 310, shielding piston II 307, shielding piston III 302, and guide sleeve 3 can be made of erosion-resistant materials, and hard materials such as tungsten carbide can also be sprayed on the outer surface to improve erosion resistance.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] like Figure 6 The figure shows the state of the ball-casting downhole tool assembly when it is applied to the reamer without casting the ball. At this time, the fluid flows along arrows A101, B102 and C103, the diverter hole I 313, the diverter hole II 311 and the diverter hole III 306 are all in a closed state, no fluid flows out of the nozzle 4, and the blade 5 is in a retracted state.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] like Figure 7 As shown: This is the state of the ball-dropping downhole tool assembly after three balls are dropped into the reamer. At this time, the diverter hole I 313 and the diverter hole III 306 are open, and the diverter hole II 311 is closed. At this time, the fluid flow direction is: a part of the fluid flows out from the diverter hole III 306 and flows to the wellbore annulus through the nozzle 4. This part of the fluid is used to cool and flush the blade 5, as shown by the arrow G204 and the arrow H205. The other part of the fluid flows into the main channel from the diverter hole I 313, as shown by the arrow F203. This part of the fluid flows to the lower drill string or drill bit. At this time, the blade 5 is in an extended state due to the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the drill string. After the ball-dropping downhole tool assembly is applied to the reamer, a guide sleeve 3 is installed in the reamer shell. The outer cylindrical surface of the guide sleeve is close to the inner hole of the reamer shell, and there is a V-shaped structure on the right side, which can protect the inner hole of the shell and the right joint from being eroded by the fluid.

Claims

1. A ball-pitch activated downhole tool assembly, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shell (301), a blocking piston III (302), an upper end chamber (304), a fourth ball seat (305), a blocking piston II (307), a third ball seat (308), a second ball seat (309), a blocking piston I (310), a lower end chamber (312), and a first ball seat (315); the shell (301) is provided with an upper end chamber (304) and a lower end chamber (312); the lower end chamber (312) is provided with a flow diversion hole II (311); the upper end chamber (304) is provided with a flow diversion hole III (306); the first ball seat (315) is fixed in the inner hole of the lower end chamber (312) by a shear pin I (316); the first ball seat (315) is provided with a flow diversion hole I (311); the upper end chamber (304) is provided with a flow diversion hole III (306); the first ball seat (315) is fixed in the inner hole of the lower end chamber (312) by a shear pin I (316); the first ball seat (315) is provided with a flow diversion hole I (311); the lower end chamber (312) is provided with a flow diversion hole II ... 13); the shielding piston I (310) and the second ball seat (309) are connected by a shear pin II (317) to form a small assembly I, and the small assembly I is connected to the inner hole of the lower end cavity (312) by a shear pin III (318); the shielding piston II (307) and the third ball seat (308) are connected by a shear pin V (320) to form a small assembly II, and the small assembly II is connected to the inner hole of the shielding piston II (307) by a shear pin IV (319); the shielding piston III (302) and the fourth ball seat (305) are connected by a shear pin VI (321) to form a small assembly III, and the small assembly III is connected to the inner hole of the shielding piston III (302) by a shear pin VII (322).

2. The ball-pitch activated downhole tool assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The excitation pressure of the shear pin III (318) is less than the excitation pressure of the shear pin II (317); the excitation pressure of the shear pin IV (319) is less than the excitation pressure of the shear pin V (320); and the excitation pressure of the shear pin VII (322) is less than the excitation pressure of the shear pin VI (321).

3. The ball-pitch activated downhole tool assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: A V-shaped casting frame is arranged at the right end of the first ball seat (315), and the V-shaped casting frame is used to cooperate with the ball A (3004), and the inner diameter D1 of the V-shaped casting frame is smaller than the diameter of the ball A (3004).

4. The ball-pitch activated downhole tool assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: A V-shaped casting frame is arranged at the left end of the second ball seat (309), and the V-shaped casting frame is used to cooperate with the ball B (3005), and its inner diameter D2 is smaller than the diameter of the ball B (3005) but larger than the diameter of the ball A (3004).

5. The ball-pitch activated downhole tool assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: A V-shaped casting frame is provided at the left end of the third ball seat (308), and the V-shaped casting frame is used to cooperate with the ball C (3006), and its inner diameter D3 is smaller than the diameter of the ball C (3006) but larger than the diameter of the ball B (3005).

6. The ball-pitch activated downhole tool assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: A V-shaped casting frame is arranged at the left end of the fourth ball seat (305), and the V-shaped casting frame is used to cooperate with the ball D (3007), and its inner diameter D4 is smaller than the diameter of the ball D (3007) but larger than the diameter of the ball C (3006).

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