Ball throwing device for fracturing construction and use method of ball throwing device

Abstract

The ball throwing device comprises a cylinder body, a ball throwing opening is formed in the upper end of the cylinder body, an adjusting baffle is hinged to the interior of the cylinder body, a gear adjusting rod is arranged on the side portion of the cylinder body in a telescopic mode, one end of the gear adjusting rod extends into the cylinder body and then is connected with the adjusting baffle, and an upper high-pressure short section is arranged at an outlet in the lower side of the cylinder body; the upper high-pressure short section is connected with the lower high-pressure short section through an upper spiral plug valve, the lower high-pressure short section is connected with the high-pressure three-way pipe through a lower spiral plug valve, and a pressure release valve is arranged on the side portion of the lower high-pressure short section. According to the ball throwing device for fracturing construction, ball throwing is rapid, operation can be completed within 2-3 minutes, construction time is greatly saved, construction efficiency is improved, emptying operation is reduced, fuel consumption is reduced, main pressure equipment use loss and tail gas emission are reduced, and air pollution is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ball throwing devices for staged fracturing construction of oil and gas wells, and in particular relates to a ball throwing device for fracturing construction, and also relates to a method for using the ball throwing device for fracturing construction. Background Art

[0002] At present, during the segmented hydraulic fracturing construction process of oil and water wells in oil fields, solid steel balls of matching specifications need to be put in according to the size of the sliding sleeve that has been pre-inserted into the fracturing string in the well section. After the solid steel ball falls into the sliding sleeve, the corresponding sliding sleeve is opened by sealing and pressure, and then the fracturing construction is carried out on the well section.

[0003] In order to ensure the safety of the conventional ball throwing operation, the pumping operation must be stopped first, the main valve of the oil tree must be closed, the pressure in the upper half of the fracturing oil tree and the high-pressure manifold must be exhausted, and then the ball can be thrown from the wellhead ball thrower. Before opening the main valve of the oil tree, in order to eliminate the impact of the pressure difference between the well and the fracturing high-pressure manifold on the entry of the steel ball into the well, the fracturing high-pressure manifold must be pressurized before opening the main valve of the oil tree, and the pressure must exceed the previous pump stop pressure. During the above operation, the wellhead ball thrower needs to be operated at a high altitude, and the wellhead valve switch is a high-pressure operation, both of which have great safety hazards. At the same time, the conventional single ball throwing process takes 15 to 20 minutes. During the fracturing construction process, in order to ensure the normal operation of the fracturing vehicle group, continuous construction, and reduce emptying, all main pressure equipment are usually in a pump speed operation standby state during the ball throwing process. Therefore, conventional ball throwing prolongs the construction time, increases fuel consumption, main pressure equipment usage loss and tail gas emissions, and causes atmospheric pollution. In view of the above situation, it is very necessary to design a ball throwing device suitable for fracturing construction to eliminate safety hazards and improve construction efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The first object of the present invention is to provide a ball throwing device for fracturing construction, so as to solve the problems of great potential safety hazards, low working efficiency and air pollution in the existing ball throwing devices.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a ball throwing device for fracturing construction, comprising a cylinder body, a ball throwing port is arranged at the upper end of the cylinder body, an adjusting baffle is hinged in the cylinder body, a gear adjusting rod is telescopically arranged on the side of the cylinder body, one end of the gear adjusting rod is extended into the cylinder body and connected with the adjusting baffle, an upper high-pressure short section is arranged at the lower outlet of the cylinder body, the upper high-pressure short section is connected to the lower high-pressure short section through an upper spiral plug valve, the lower high-pressure short section is connected to the high-pressure three-way pipe through a lower spiral plug valve, and a pressure relief valve is arranged on the side of the lower high-pressure short section.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, an inclined surface is provided on the inner side of the cylinder body.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the gear adjustment rod is threadedly assembled on the side of the cylinder body.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the adjustment baffle is connected to one end of the gear adjustment rod through a movable bearing.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the ball throwing port of the cylinder body is provided with a thread plug.

[0010] The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for using a ball throwing device for fracturing construction, so as to solve the problems of great safety hazards, low working efficiency and air pollution in the existing ball throwing device.

[0011] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for using a ball throwing device for fracturing construction, which is specifically implemented according to the following steps:

[0012] a. Before fracturing construction, adjust the baffle to the predetermined position, place steel balls in the cylinder as needed, and install the screw plug for sealing;

[0013] b. Ensure that the upper stopcock, lower stopcock and pressure relief valve are in the closed state;

[0014] c. After the first stage of vertical well staged fracturing is completed, the fracturing operation displacement is reduced to 0.6-0.8m 3 / min, make sure there is no abnormality in the high-pressure manifold area, slowly open the pressure relief valve to ensure there is no pressure during the pitching process;

[0015] d. After the pressure relief is completed, close the pressure relief valve and open the upper plug valve;

[0016] e. Adjust the baffle to the preset position, and the required steel ball will pass through the upper high-pressure nipple and the upper plug valve and fall into the lower high-pressure nipple;

[0017] f. Close the upper stopcock and slowly open the lower stopcock. The steel ball passes through the lower stopcock and falls into the high-pressure three-way pipe, and enters the fracturing wellhead along with the fracturing fluid;

[0018] g. Close the lower plug valve and start the second stage of fracturing;

[0019] h. The above steps can be repeated for subsequent layer fracturing construction to complete the ball throwing operation.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: a ball throwing device for fracturing construction of the present invention can put solid steel balls into the main cylinder body as needed during the preparation process before construction, and the operation process during construction is simple; the ball throwing operation can be carried out on the ground to eliminate the hidden dangers of high-altitude operations; it is far away from the high-pressure area of ​​the wellhead, and the pressure is released from the pressure relief hole during operation to eliminate the safety hazards of high-pressure operations; the ball throwing is rapid and the operation can be completed in 2 to 3 minutes, which greatly saves construction time, improves construction efficiency, reduces emptying operations, reduces fuel consumption, reduces the use loss of main pressure equipment and tail gas emissions, and reduces air pollution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 The invention discloses a structural schematic diagram of a ball throwing device for fracturing construction.

[0022] In the figure, 1. cylinder body, 2. steel ball, 3. screw plug, 4. adjusting baffle, 5. gear adjustment lever, 6. movable bearing, 7. pressure relief valve, 8. lower screw plug valve, 9. pipe body, 10. lower high-pressure short section, 11. upper screw plug valve, 12. upper high-pressure short section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, a ball throwing device for fracturing construction of the present invention comprises a cylinder body 1, wherein the upper end of the cylinder body 1 is provided with a ball throwing port for throwing steel balls, and the lower end of the cylinder body 1 is provided with an outlet for discharging the steel balls. An adjusting baffle 4 is hinged in the cylinder body 1, and a gear adjusting rod 5 is telescopically provided on the side of the cylinder body 1, and one end of the gear adjusting rod 5 is extended into the cylinder body 1 and connected to the adjusting baffle 4, and the opening and closing degree of the adjusting baffle 4 can be controlled by controlling the gear adjusting rod 5. An upper high-pressure short section 12 is provided at the lower outlet of the cylinder body 1, and the upper high-pressure short section 12 is connected to the lower high-pressure short section 10 through an upper spiral plug valve 11, and the lower high-pressure short section 10 is connected to the high-pressure three-way pipe 9 through a lower spiral plug valve 8, and a pressure relief valve 7 is provided on the side of the lower high-pressure short section 10.

[0026] In the fracturing construction, the method for using the ball throwing device for fracturing construction of the present invention is specifically implemented in the following steps in sequence:

[0027] a. Before fracturing construction, adjust the baffle 4 to the predetermined position, place the steel ball 2 in the cylinder 1 as required, and install the screw plug 3 for sealing;

[0028] b. Ensure that the upper plug valve 11, the lower plug valve 8 and the pressure relief valve 7 are in the closed state;

[0029] c. After the first stage of vertical well fracturing is completed, the fracturing displacement is reduced to 0.6-0.8m 3 / min, confirm that there is no abnormality in the high-pressure manifold area, slowly open the pressure relief valve 7 to ensure that there is no pressure during the pitching process;

[0030] d. After the pressure relief is completed, close the pressure relief valve 7 and open the upper stopcock 11;

[0031] e. Adjust the baffle 4 to the predetermined gear position, and the required steel ball 2 falls into the lower high-pressure short section 10 through the upper high-pressure short section 12 and the upper plug valve 11;

[0032] f. Close the upper plug valve 11, slowly open the lower plug valve 8, and the steel ball passes through the lower plug valve 8, falls into the high-pressure three-way pipe 9, and enters the fracturing wellhead along with the fracturing fluid;

[0033] g. Close the lower plug valve 8 and start the second stage of fracturing construction;

[0034] h. The above steps can be repeated for subsequent layer fracturing construction to complete the ball throwing operation.

[0035] It should be noted that:

[0036] a. When adjusting the baffle 4, operate slowly and strictly adjust it according to the predetermined gear position to prevent the baffle adjustment opening from being too large, causing the wrong size steel ball 2 to fall into the well;

[0037] b. Open the plug valve and pressure relief valve 7 slowly;

[0038] c. After completing the ball-dropping operation, close all valves of the ball-dropping device and then increase the fracturing operation flow rate to start the next layer of fracturing operation.

[0039] The ball throwing device for fracturing construction of the present invention can put solid steel balls into the main cylinder body as needed during the preparation process before construction, and the operation process during construction is simple; the ball throwing operation can be carried out on the ground to eliminate the hidden dangers of high-altitude operations; it is far away from the high-pressure area of ​​the wellhead, and the pressure is released from the pressure relief hole during operation to eliminate the safety hazards of high-pressure operations; the ball throwing is rapid and the operation can be completed in 2 to 3 minutes, which greatly saves construction time, improves construction efficiency, reduces emptying operations, reduces fuel consumption, reduces the use loss of main pressure equipment and tail gas emissions, and reduces air pollution.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, different from Example 1, in Example 2, a ball throwing device for fracturing construction of the present invention has an inclined surface on the inner side of the cylinder body 1, which can form a certain guiding effect on the steel ball 2, ensuring that it moves downward along a certain trajectory, playing a buffering role and not falling directly to cause damage to other components.

[0042] Example 3

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, different from Example 2, in Example 3, a ball throwing device for fracturing construction of the present invention, the gear adjustment rod 5 is threadedly assembled on the side of the cylinder body 1, and rotating the gear adjustment rod 5 can ensure that one end thereof slowly extends into the cylinder body 1, so as to accurately control the opening and closing degree of the adjustment baffle 4, and the gear adjustment rod 5 is engraved with predetermined gears for steel balls 2 of different sizes to pass through the gap between the adjustment baffle 7 and the inner inclined surface of the cylinder body 1.

[0044] Example 4

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, different from Example 3, in Example 4, in a ball throwing device for fracturing construction of the present invention, the adjusting baffle 4 is connected to one end of the gear adjusting rod 5 through a movable bearing 6.

[0046] The gear adjustment rod 5 is placed in the inner ring of the movable bearing 6, so that it can be ensured that the gear adjustment rod 5 can rotate in the movable bearing 6 when rotating, and extend from the inner ring of the movable bearing 6 to push open the adjustment baffle 4 when moving.

Claims

1. A ball throwing device for fracturing construction, characterized in that: The invention comprises a cylinder body (1), wherein the upper end of the cylinder body (1) is provided with a ball throwing port, an adjusting baffle (4) is hingedly connected inside the cylinder body (1), a gear adjusting rod (5) is telescopically provided on the side of the cylinder body (1), one end of the gear adjusting rod (5) is extended into the cylinder body (1) and connected with the adjusting baffle (4), an upper high-pressure short section (12) is provided at the lower outlet of the cylinder body (1), the upper high-pressure short section (12) is connected with a lower high-pressure short section (10) through an upper spiral plug valve (11), the lower high-pressure short section (10) is connected with a high-pressure three-way pipe (9) through a lower spiral plug valve (8), and a pressure relief valve (7) is provided on the side of the lower high-pressure short section (10).

2. The ball throwing device for fracturing construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side of the cylinder body (1) is provided with an inclined surface.

3. The ball throwing device for fracturing construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gear adjustment rod (5) is threadedly assembled on the side of the cylinder body (1).

4. The ball throwing device for fracturing construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adjustment baffle (4) is connected to one end of the gear adjustment rod (5) via a movable bearing (6).

5. The ball throwing device for fracturing construction according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ball throwing port of the cylinder body (1) is provided with a thread plug (3).

6. A method for using the ball throwing device for fracturing construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: Follow the steps below to implement it: a. Before fracturing construction, adjust the baffle (4) to a predetermined position, place a steel ball (2) in the cylinder (1) as required, and install a screw plug (3) for sealing; b. Ensure that the upper stopcock (11), lower stopcock (8) and pressure relief valve (7) are in the closed state; c. After the first stage of vertical well fracturing is completed, the fracturing displacement is reduced to 0.6-0.8m 3 / min, confirm that there is no abnormality in the high-pressure manifold area, and slowly open the pressure relief valve (7) to ensure that there is no pressure during the ball throwing process; d. After the pressure relief is completed, close the pressure relief valve (7) and open the upper stopcock (11); e. Adjust the baffle (4) to a predetermined position, and the required steel ball (2) passes through the upper high-pressure short section (12) and the upper plug valve (11) and falls into the lower high-pressure short section (10); f. Close the upper stopcock (11), slowly open the lower stopcock (8), and the steel ball passes through the lower stopcock (8), falls into the high-pressure three-way pipe (9), and enters the fracturing wellhead along with the fracturing fluid; g. Close the lower stopcock (8) and start the second stage of fracturing; h. The above steps can be repeated for subsequent layer fracturing construction to complete the ball throwing operation.

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