Experimental device for evaluating coal extraction, pressure relief and permeability increasing effects of horizontal well of broken and soft low-permeability coal seam

Abstract

The invention discloses a broken and soft low-permeability coal seam horizontal well coal extraction pressure relief permeability increasing effect evaluation experiment device, and relates to the technical field of coal seam mining experiments.The broken and soft low-permeability coal seam horizontal well coal extraction pressure relief permeability increasing effect evaluation experiment device comprises a geologic model, and a horizontal well is formed in the geologic model and connected with data monitoring equipment; the driving shaft is mounted on the drilling machine equipment and is positioned in the horizontal well; the coal extraction assembly is fixed on the driving shaft; wherein the coal extraction assembly comprises an adjusting assembly, three first coal extraction assemblies are hinged to the adjusting assembly, second coal extraction assemblies are fixed to the three first coal extraction assemblies, the first coal extraction assemblies are used for drill bit reaming and coal extraction, and the second coal extraction assemblies are used for hydrodynamic high-pressure jet reaming and coal extraction. And a plurality of pressure relief areas are formed in the horizontal well through a coal extraction assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of coal seam mining experiments, in particular to an experimental device for evaluating the pressure relief and permeability enhancement effect of horizontal well coal excavation in a broken, soft and low-permeability coal seam. Background Art

[0002] The horizontal well coal excavation pressure relief effect evaluation experiment is an important means to evaluate the actual application effect of this technology in coal seam mining. Through simulation experiments and data analysis, the pressure relief effect of this technology, the improvement of coal seam permeability and the degree of improvement of mining efficiency can be objectively evaluated. At the same time, the experimental results can also provide useful references and suggestions for optimizing this technology.

[0003] The existing horizontal well coal excavation pressure relief effect evaluation experiment uses hydrodynamic high-pressure jet to expand the hole for coal excavation. The coal excavation efficiency is low, and the pressure relief effect after coal excavation cannot be evaluated efficiently. In addition, it is difficult to accurately control the aperture of the expanded hole for coal excavation, which makes it difficult to evaluate the influence of the expanded hole diameter on the pressure relief effect.

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides an experimental device for evaluating the pressure relief and permeability enhancement effect of coal excavation in a horizontal well of a crushed, soft and low-permeability coal seam, so as to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an experimental device for evaluating the pressure relief and permeability enhancement effect of horizontal well digging in a broken soft low-permeability coal seam, comprising:

[0006] A geological model, wherein a horizontal well is drilled inside the model, and the horizontal well is connected to a data monitoring device;

[0007] A drive shaft, mounted on a drilling rig and located in a horizontal well;

[0008] A coal digging assembly, fixed on the driving shaft;

[0009] Among them, the coal-digging assembly includes an adjusting assembly, on which three first coal-digging assemblies are hinged, and on which the three first coal-digging assemblies are fixed a second coal-digging assembly. The first coal-digging assembly is a drill bit hole-expanding coal-digging assembly, and the second coal-digging assembly is a hydrodynamic high-pressure jet hole-expanding coal-digging assembly. A plurality of pressure relief zones are opened in the horizontal well through the coal-digging assemblies.

[0010] Further, preferably, the adjustment component comprises:

[0011] The base and the limit seat are both fixed on the driving shaft;

[0012] A guide column, configured as a plurality of guide columns, fixed between the base and the limit seat;

[0013] A sliding seat, slidably disposed on the plurality of guide posts;

[0014] There are at least two telescopic motors, which are arranged circumferentially on the base, and the output ends of the telescopic motors are fixed with connecting blocks, which are fixedly connected to the sliding seat.

[0015] Further, preferably, the first coal digging assembly comprises:

[0016] A connecting rod 1 is configured as two, one end of which is hinged on the sliding seat and the other end is hinged on the adjusting seat;

[0017] The second connecting rod is configured as four, one end of which is hinged on the limit seat, and the other end of which is hinged on the adjustment seat;

[0018] A driving chain is mounted on the adjusting seat.

[0019] Furthermore, preferably, a crushing motor is fixed in the adjusting seat, and a sprocket is used to drive the driving chain and the output shaft of the crushing motor.

[0020] Furthermore, preferably, a plurality of crushing blades are fixed at equal intervals on the outer wall of the drive chain, and the plurality of crushing blades are arranged obliquely to provide a bidirectional crushing force for coal digging.

[0021] Further, preferably, the second coal digging assembly comprises:

[0022] The spray chamber is configured as two and symmetrically fixed on both sides of the adjustment seat;

[0023] One end of the high-pressure pipe is connected to the spray bin, and the other end is connected to the external spray equipment through a rotary joint.

[0024] Further, preferably, the end surface of the injection chamber away from the driving shaft is inclined to open a plurality of injection holes, and the plurality of injection holes are all inclined toward the direction of the crushing blade.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an experimental device for evaluating the effect of coal removal pressure relief and permeability enhancement in horizontal wells of broken soft and low permeability coal seams, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] In the present invention, horizontal drilling is performed in the geological model, and then coal is removed by using a coal removal assembly to remove pressure. The pressure removal is monitored by a data monitoring device, thereby recording the pressure relief effect under different coal removal conditions. When the coal removal operation is performed, the cooperation of the first coal removal assembly and the second coal removal assembly can greatly improve the coal removal effect, thereby more effectively and quickly evaluating multiple groups of experimental results, facilitating comparative evaluation. When the coal is removed, drilling is performed by the crushing blade of the first coal removal assembly, and at the same time, the coal seam is softened by the hydrodynamic high-pressure jet of the second coal removal assembly, thereby greatly improving the coal removal efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an experimental device for evaluating the effect of coal removal pressure relief and permeability enhancement in horizontal wells of broken soft and low permeability coal seams;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a coal-digging component of an experimental device for evaluating the effect of coal-digging pressure relief and permeability enhancement in a horizontal well of a broken, soft, and low-permeability coal seam;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the regulating components of an experimental device for evaluating the effect of coal excavation, pressure relief and permeability enhancement in a horizontal well of a broken, soft and low-permeability coal seam;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the coal-digging assembly of an experimental device for evaluating the effect of coal-digging pressure relief and permeability enhancement in a horizontal well of a broken soft low-permeability coal seam;

[0031] In the figure: 1. geological model; 2. driving shaft; 3. coal-digging assembly; 4. pressure relief area; 31. adjusting assembly; 32. first coal-digging assembly; 33. second coal-digging assembly; 311. base; 312. limit seat; 313. guide column; 314. sliding seat; 315. telescopic motor; 316. connecting block; 321. connecting rod one; 322. connecting rod two; 323. adjusting seat; 324. driving chain; 325. crushing blade; 331. injection chamber; 332. high-pressure pipe; 333. injection hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Reference Figure 1-Figure 4 The present invention provides a technical solution: an experimental device for evaluating the effect of coal unloading, pressure relief and permeability enhancement in horizontal wells of broken soft and low permeability coal seams, comprising:

[0033] A geological model 1, in which a horizontal well is opened, and the horizontal well is connected to a data monitoring device;

[0034] A drive shaft 2 is installed on the drilling rig and is located in the horizontal well;

[0035] A coal digging assembly 3, fixed on the driving shaft 2;

[0036] Among them, the coal-digging assembly 3 includes an adjusting assembly 31, three first coal-digging assemblies 32 are hinged on the adjusting assembly 31, and the three first coal-digging assemblies 32 are fixed with second coal-digging assemblies 33. The first coal-digging assembly 32 is a drill bit hole-digging coal-digging, and the second coal-digging assembly 33 is a hydrodynamic high-pressure jet hole-digging coal-digging. A plurality of pressure relief areas 4 are opened in the horizontal well through the coal-digging assembly 3.

[0037] That is to say, when coal is dug out, drilling is performed through the first coal digging component 32, and the coal seam is softened by the hydraulic high-pressure jet of the second coal digging component 33 during drilling, thereby greatly improving the coal digging efficiency, and multiple pressure relief areas 4 with different diameters are drilled in the horizontal well, thereby facilitating the comparison of the pressure relief effects of the pressure relief areas 4 with different diameters.

[0038] In this embodiment, the adjustment component 31 includes:

[0039] The base 311 and the limiting seat 312 are both fixed on the driving shaft 2;

[0040] A plurality of guide posts 313 are provided and fixed between the base 311 and the limiting seat 312;

[0041] A sliding seat 314 is slidably disposed on the plurality of guide posts 313;

[0042] There are at least two telescopic motors 315 , which are arranged circumferentially on the base 311 , and a connecting block 316 is fixed to the output end of the telescopic motor 315 , and the connecting block 316 is fixedly connected to the sliding seat 314 .

[0043] That is to say, the sliding of the sliding seat 314 can be controlled by the telescopic motor 315, so as to adjust the first coal digging assembly 32, so as to facilitate the digging of coal with different diameters.

[0044] As a preferred embodiment, the first coal digging assembly 32 includes:

[0045] The connecting rod 1 321 is configured as two, one end of which is hinged on the sliding seat 314, and the other end is hinged with the adjustment seat 323;

[0046] The second connecting rod 322 is configured as four, one end of which is hinged on the limiting seat 312, and the other end is hinged on the adjusting seat 323;

[0047] The driving chain 324 is installed on the adjusting seat 323 .

[0048] When the sliding seat 314 slides, it pushes the connecting rod 321 to move, so that the adjusting seat 323 is away from the driving shaft 2, increasing the diameter of the hole expansion and coal digging, and vice versa, reducing the diameter of the hole expansion and coal digging, making the coal digging diameter more accurate.

[0049] As a preferred embodiment, a crushing motor is fixed in the adjustment seat 323, and a sprocket is used to drive the driving chain 324 and the output shaft of the crushing motor.

[0050] As a preferred embodiment, a plurality of crushing blades 325 are fixed at equal intervals on the outer wall of the driving chain 324, and the plurality of crushing blades 325 are arranged obliquely to provide a bidirectional crushing force for coal digging.

[0051] That is to say, when the first coal-digging assembly 32 is expanding the hole to dig coal, the driving shaft 2 is used to rotate multiple first coal-digging assemblies 32 around the axis of the driving shaft 2 to expand the hole, and at the same time, the crushing motor causes the driving chain 324 to expand the hole along the axis of the driving shaft 2, which greatly improves the efficiency of hole expansion.

[0052] As a preferred embodiment, the second coal digging assembly 33 includes:

[0053] The spray chamber 331 is configured as two and symmetrically fixed on both sides of the adjustment seat 323;

[0054] One end of the high-pressure pipe 332 is connected to the spray chamber 331, and the other end is connected to the external spray equipment through a rotary joint.

[0055] As a preferred embodiment, the end surface of the injection chamber 331 away from the driving shaft 2 is inclined to open a plurality of injection holes 333 , and the plurality of injection holes 333 are all inclined toward the direction of the crushing blade 325 .

[0056] That is to say, when the first coal digging assembly 32 expands the hole to dig coal, the coal seam can be softened by the hydraulic high-pressure jet of the second coal digging assembly, thereby facilitating the first coal digging assembly 32 to expand the hole to dig coal, and further improving the coal digging efficiency.

[0057] Specifically, horizontal drilling is performed in the geological model 1, and then the coal-digging component 3 is used to remove the pressure. The data monitoring equipment is used to monitor the pressure relief, so as to record the pressure relief effect under different coal-digging conditions. When the coal-digging operation is performed, the first coal-digging component 32 and the second coal-digging component 33 cooperate to greatly improve the coal-digging effect, so as to more effectively and quickly evaluate multiple groups of experimental results, which is convenient for comparative evaluation. When digging coal, the crushing blade 325 of the first coal-digging component 32 is used for drilling, and the coal seam is softened by the hydrodynamic high-pressure jet of the second coal-digging component 33 at the same time, which greatly improves the coal-digging efficiency.

[0058] What is described above is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An experimental device for evaluating the effect of coal unloading, pressure relief and permeability enhancement in horizontal wells of broken soft and low permeability coal seams, characterized in that: include: A geological model (1) having a horizontal well drilled therein, wherein the horizontal well is connected to a data monitoring device; A drive shaft (2) is mounted on a drilling rig and is located in a horizontal well; A coal digging assembly (3) fixed on the driving shaft (2); The coal digging assembly (3) comprises an adjusting assembly (31), three first coal digging assemblies (32) are hingedly connected to the adjusting assembly (31), a second coal digging assembly (33) is fixed to each of the three first coal digging assemblies (32), the first coal digging assembly (32) is a drill hole expansion coal digging, the second coal digging assembly (33) is a water power high pressure jet hole expansion coal digging, and a plurality of pressure relief areas (4) are opened in the horizontal well through the coal digging assembly (3).

2. The experimental device for evaluating the effect of coal removal pressure relief and permeability enhancement in horizontal wells of crushed, soft and low-permeability coal seams according to claim 1, characterized in that: The regulating component (31) comprises: The base (311) and the limit seat (312) are both fixed on the driving shaft (2); A plurality of guide posts (313) are provided and fixed between the base (311) and the limiting seat (312); A sliding seat (314) slidably disposed on the plurality of guide posts (313); At least two telescopic motors (315) are arranged circumferentially on the base (311), and a connecting block (316) is fixed to the output end of the telescopic motors (315), wherein the connecting block (316) is fixedly connected to the sliding seat (314).

3. The experimental device for evaluating the effect of coal removal pressure relief and permeability enhancement in horizontal wells of crushed soft and low permeability coal seams according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first coal digging assembly (32) comprises: A connecting rod 1 (321) is configured as two, one end of which is hinged on the sliding seat (314) and the other end of which is hinged on the adjusting seat (323); The second connecting rod (322) is configured as four, one end of which is hinged on the limit seat (312) and the other end of which is hinged on the adjustment seat (323); A driving chain (324) is mounted on the adjustment seat (323).

4. The experimental device for evaluating the effect of pressure relief and permeability enhancement in horizontal wells of crushed, soft and low-permeability coal seams according to claim 3, characterized in that: A crushing motor is fixed inside the adjustment seat (323), and a sprocket is used to drive the driving chain (324) and the output shaft of the crushing motor.

5. The experimental device for evaluating the effect of coal removal pressure relief and permeability enhancement in horizontal wells of crushed, soft and low-permeability coal seams according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of crushing blades (325) are fixed at equal intervals on the outer wall of the drive chain (324), and the plurality of crushing blades (325) are arranged obliquely to provide a bidirectional crushing force for coal digging.

6. The experimental device for evaluating the effect of pressure relief and permeability enhancement in horizontal wells of crushed, soft and low-permeability coal seams according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second coal-digging assembly (33) comprises: The injection chamber (331) is configured as two and is symmetrically fixed on both sides of the adjustment seat (323); A high-pressure pipe (332) has one end connected to the spray chamber (331) and the other end connected to an external spray device via a rotary joint.

7. The experimental device for evaluating the effect of pressure relief and permeability enhancement in horizontal wells of crushed, soft and low-permeability coal seams according to claim 6, characterized in that: The end surface of the injection chamber (331) away from the driving shaft (2) is inclined to open a plurality of injection holes (333), and the plurality of injection holes (333) are all inclined towards the direction of the crushing blade (325).

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