Nuclear power plant heat supply peak shaving system coupled with heat pump energy storage

Abstract

The invention provides a nuclear power plant heat supply peak shaving system coupled with heat pump energy storage. The nuclear power plant heat supply peak shaving system comprises a nuclear power system, a heat pump energy storage system, a heating system and a heat supply system. The heating system comprises a superheater, an evaporator and a first preheater. The heat pump energy storage system is used for absorbing and storing heat from the first steam circulation path in a peak shaving state; the superheater, the evaporator and the first preheater are used for absorbing heat from the heat pump energy storage system in sequence, and the first preheater, the evaporator and the superheater are used for releasing heat to the second steam circulation path in sequence. According to the nuclear power plant heat supply peak regulation system coupled with heat pump energy storage, heat energy which is several times of power consumption can be provided for the heat supply system through heat pump circulation, the purpose of improving the energy conversion efficiency of the system is finally achieved, the peak regulation difficulty of the nuclear power system is lowered, and the quality of supplied steam is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of nuclear power peak regulation, and in particular to a nuclear power plant heating peak regulation system coupled with a heat pump energy storage. Background Art

[0002] At present, the nuclear power system participates in the peak load regulation of the power grid mainly by shutting down or reducing load (about 80%) according to the requirements of power grid dispatching. However, there are major problems in achieving peak load regulation of the unit by reducing the power of the nuclear reactor. First, deep peak load regulation is difficult to achieve; second, changing the power of the reactor will seriously affect the safe and stable operation of the system and affect the core refueling cycle; third, the implementation of reactor power regulation is prone to thermal fatigue of pressure vessels and other structural materials, fuel burnup loss, wear of moving equipment parts, neutron flux oscillation in the reactor, uneven core temperature distribution and other safety issues. In addition, when the nuclear power unit tracks and adjusts the frequency of the power grid, the power regulation will also have a certain impact on the life of the control rod drive mechanism, reactor pressure vessel, pressurizer, steam generator and other components.

[0003] When there is no peak demand, nuclear power peak regulation can be carried out by means of heat supply. However, the current heat supply peak regulation method has the problem of low energy conversion efficiency, which not only makes the peak regulation of nuclear power system more difficult, but also leads to low quality of steam supply and low heating temperature. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present disclosure aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to some extent.

[0005] To this end, the purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a nuclear power plant heating peak-shaving system coupled with a heat pump energy storage.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present disclosure provides a nuclear power plant heating peak-shaving system coupled with a heat pump energy storage, comprising: a nuclear power system, a heat pump energy storage system, a heating system and a heat supply system; wherein the nuclear power system has a first steam circulation path and generates electricity using the saturated steam in the first steam circulation path, the heating system comprises: a superheater, an evaporator and a first preheater, the heat supply system has a second steam circulation path and uses the superheated steam in the second steam circulation path for heating; the heat pump energy storage system is used to absorb and store heat from the first steam circulation path when in a peak-shaving state; the superheater, the evaporator and the first preheater are used to absorb heat from the heat pump energy storage system in turn, and the first preheater, the evaporator and the superheater are used to release heat to the second steam circulation path in turn.

[0007] Optionally, the heat pump energy storage system includes: a compression device, a first expansion device and an energy storage device; wherein, the passage between the medium input end of the compression device and the medium output end of the first expansion device is used to absorb heat from the first steam circulation passage when in a peak shaving state, and the passage between the medium output end of the compression device and the medium input end of the first expansion device is used to release heat to the energy storage device when in a peak shaving state; the superheater, the evaporator and the first preheater are used to absorb heat from the energy storage device in sequence.

[0008] Optionally, the heat pump energy storage system also includes: a heat absorber and a heat radiator; wherein, the heat absorption channel of the heat absorber is used to absorb heat from the first steam circulation path, and the heat release channel of the heat absorber is connected in series between the medium input end of the compression device and the medium output end of the first expansion device, the heat release channel input end of the heat absorber is connected to the medium output end of the first expansion device, and the heat release channel output end of the heat absorber is connected to the medium input end of the compression device; the heat absorption channel of the heat radiator is connected in series between the medium output end of the compression device and the medium input end of the first expansion device, and the heat absorption channel input end of the heat radiator is connected to the medium output end of the compression device, the heat absorption channel output end of the heat radiator is connected to the medium input end of the first expansion device, the heat release channel input end of the heat radiator is connected to the low-temperature medium output end of the energy storage device, and the heat release channel output end of the heat radiator is connected to the high-temperature medium input end of the energy storage device.

[0009] Optionally, the heat pump energy storage system also includes: an isolation heat exchanger, wherein the heat absorption channel of the isolation heat exchanger is connected in parallel to the first steam circulation path, and the heat release channel output end of the isolation heat exchanger is connected to the heat absorption channel input end of the heat absorber, and the heat release channel input end of the isolation heat exchanger is connected to the heat absorption channel output end of the heat absorber; wherein the medium pressure in the heat release channel of the isolation heat exchanger is greater than the steam pressure in the heat absorption channel of the isolation heat exchanger.

[0010] Optionally, the nuclear power system includes: a reactor, a steam generator, a high-pressure cylinder, a reheater, medium- and low-pressure cylinders, and a generator; wherein the steam output end of the reactor is connected to the heat absorption channel input end of the steam generator, and the cooling water input end of the reactor is connected to the heat absorption channel output end of the steam generator, and the heat release channel output end of the steam generator is respectively connected to the steam input end of the high-pressure cylinder and the heat absorption channel input end of the reheater; the heat release channel input end of the reheater is connected to the steam output end of the high-pressure cylinder, and the heat release channel output end of the reheater is connected to the steam input end of the medium- and low-pressure cylinders, and the heat absorption channel output end of the reheater and the steam output end of the medium- and low-pressure cylinders are respectively connected to the heat release channel input end of the steam generator; the passage between the medium input end of the compression device and the medium output end of the first expansion device is used to absorb heat from the steam at the heat release channel output end of the steam generator, the steam of the high-pressure cylinder, and the steam of the medium- and low-pressure cylinders.

[0011] Optionally, the heat pump energy storage system also includes: an electric motor, a power output end of the electric motor is connected to the power input end of the compression device by transmission; and / or, a shaft power transmission mechanism, the power input end of the shaft power transmission mechanism is respectively connected to the power output end of the high-pressure cylinder and the power output end of the medium and low-pressure cylinders by transmission, and the power output end of the shaft power transmission mechanism is connected to the power input end of the compression device by transmission; and / or, a second expansion device, the steam input end of the second expansion device is connected to the heat release channel output end of the steam generator, and the steam output end of the second expansion device is connected to the heat release channel input end of the reheater, or the steam input end of the second expansion device is respectively connected to the steam output end of the high-pressure cylinder and the steam output end of the medium and low-pressure cylinders, and the steam output end of the second expansion device is connected to the heat release channel input end of the steam generator.

[0012] Optionally, the nuclear power system also includes: a condenser, a low-pressure heater, a first deaerator and a high-pressure heater; wherein the steam input end of the condenser is connected to the steam output ends of the medium and low-pressure cylinders, and the heat absorption channel input end of the low-pressure heater is connected to the steam output ends of the medium and low-pressure cylinders, and the heat release channel input end of the low-pressure heater is connected to the condensate output end of the condenser; the water vapor input end of the first deaerator is respectively connected to the heat absorption channel output end of the low-pressure heater, the heat release channel output end of the low-pressure heater and the steam output end of the high-pressure cylinder, and the heat absorption channel input end of the high-pressure heater is connected to the steam output end of the high-pressure cylinder, the heat release channel input end of the high-pressure heater is connected to the deoxygenated water output end of the first deaerator, and the heat absorption channel output end of the high-pressure heater and the heat release channel output end of the high-pressure heater are respectively connected to the heat release channel input end of the steam generator.

[0013] Optionally, the nuclear power system also includes: an ejector and a temperature reduction and pressure reduction device; wherein the steam input end of the ejector is respectively connected to the heat release channel output end of the steam generator, the steam output end of the high-pressure cylinder and the steam output end of the medium and low-pressure cylinders, and the steam output end of the ejector is connected to the steam input end of the temperature reduction and pressure reduction device, and the water vapor output end of the temperature reduction and pressure reduction device is connected to the water vapor input end of the first deaerator; the passage between the medium input end of the compression device and the medium output end of the first expansion device is used to absorb heat from the passage between the steam output end of the ejector and the steam input end of the temperature reduction and pressure reduction device.

[0014] Optionally, the heat absorption channel input end of the superheater is connected to the high-temperature medium output end of the energy storage device, and the heat absorption channel input end of the evaporator is connected to the heat absorption channel output end of the superheater, the heat absorption channel input end of the first preheater is connected to the heat absorption channel output end of the evaporator, and the heat absorption channel output end of the first preheater is connected to the low-temperature medium input end of the energy storage device; the heat release channel input end of the first preheater is connected to the return water end of the second steam circulation path, and the heat release channel input end of the evaporator is connected to the heat release channel output end of the first preheater, the heat release channel input end of the superheater is connected to the heat release channel output end of the evaporator, and the heat release channel output end of the superheater is connected to the heating end of the second steam circulation path.

[0015] Optionally, the heating system further includes: a steam drum, a second deaerator and a second preheater; wherein the steam drum is arranged between the heat release channel input end of the evaporator and the heat release channel output end of the first preheater and between the heat release channel input end of the superheater and the heat release channel output end of the evaporator, the first input end of the steam drum is connected to the heat release channel output end of the first preheater, the first output end of the steam drum is connected to the heat release channel input end of the evaporator, the second input end of the steam drum is connected to the heat release channel output end of the evaporator, and the second output end of the steam drum is connected to the heat release channel input end of the superheater; the second The return water input end of the deaerator is connected to the return water end of the second steam circulation passage, and the steam input end of the second deaerator is respectively connected to the second output end of the steam drum and the heat release channel output end of the superheater; the heat absorption channel input end of the second preheater is respectively connected to the second output end of the steam drum and the heat release channel output end of the superheater, and the heat absorption channel output end of the second preheater is connected to the water vapor input end of the second deaerator, the heat release channel input end of the second preheater is connected to the deoxygenated water output end of the second deaerator, and the heat release channel output end of the second preheater is connected to the heat release channel input end of the first preheater.

[0016] The technical solution provided by the present disclosure may have the following beneficial effects:

[0017] Since the heat pump energy storage system absorbs and stores heat from the first steam circulation path, the nuclear power system can use the heat storage of the heat pump energy storage system to achieve peak load regulation, and since the superheater, evaporator and first preheater absorb heat from the heat pump energy storage system in turn, and the first preheater, evaporator and superheater release heat to the second steam circulation path in turn, the heating system can use the heat release of the heat pump energy storage system to achieve heating. Among them, by establishing a heat pump energy storage system between the nuclear power system that uses low-temperature saturated steam to generate electricity and the heating system that uses high-temperature superheated steam to provide heat, the heat pump cycle of the heat pump energy storage system is used to "transport" the heat energy of the peak-shaving steam in the nuclear power system to the heating system. The heat pump cycle can provide the heating system with heat energy that is several times the power consumption, and ultimately achieve the purpose of improving the energy conversion efficiency of the system, which not only reduces the difficulty of peak load regulation of the nuclear power system, but also greatly improves the quality of the steam supplied, ensuring a higher heating temperature.

[0018] Additional aspects and advantages of the present disclosure will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description or learned through practice of the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent and easily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a nuclear power plant heating peak-shaving system coupled with a heat pump energy storage proposed in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0021] As shown in the figure: 1. Nuclear power system, 11. Reactor, 12. Steam generator, 13. High-pressure cylinder, 14. Reheater, 15. Medium- and low-pressure cylinders, 16. Generator, 17. Condenser, 18. Low-pressure heater, 19. First deaerator, 110. High-pressure heater, 111. Ejector, 112. Temperature and pressure reduction device;

[0022] 2. heat pump energy storage system, 21. compression device, 22. first expansion device, 23. energy storage device, 24. heat absorber, 25. heat emitter, 26. isolation heat exchanger, 27. motor, 28. shaft power transmission mechanism, 29. second expansion device;

[0023] 3. Heating system, 31. Superheater, 32. Evaporator, 33. First preheater, 34. Steam drum, 35. Second deaerator, 36. Second preheater;

[0024] 4. Heating system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] Embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present disclosure, and are not to be construed as limitations of the present disclosure. On the contrary, the embodiments of the present disclosure include all changes, modifications, and equivalents that fall within the spirit and connotation of the appended claims.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present disclosure proposes a nuclear power plant heating peak-shaving system coupled with a heat pump energy storage, including: a nuclear power system 1, a heat pump energy storage system 2, a heating system 3 and a heating system 4. Among them, the nuclear power system 1 has a first steam circulation path and uses the saturated steam in the first steam circulation path to generate electricity, the heating system 3 includes: a superheater 31, an evaporator 32 and a first preheater 33, and the heating system 4 has a second steam circulation path and uses the superheated steam in the second steam circulation path to provide heat; the heat pump energy storage system 2 is used to absorb and store heat from the first steam circulation path when in the peak-shaving state; the superheater 31, the evaporator 32 and the first preheater 33 are used to absorb heat from the heat pump energy storage system 2 in sequence, and the first preheater 33, the evaporator 32 and the superheater 31 are used to release heat to the second steam circulation path in sequence.

[0027] It can be understood that since the heat pump energy storage system 2 absorbs and stores heat from the first steam circulation path, the nuclear power system 1 can use the heat storage of the heat pump energy storage system 2 to achieve peak regulation, and since the superheater 31, the evaporator 32 and the first preheater 33 absorb heat from the heat pump energy storage system 2 in turn, and the first preheater 33, the evaporator 32 and the superheater 31 release heat to the second steam circulation path in turn, the heating system 4 can use the heat release of the heat pump energy storage system 2 to achieve heating.

[0028] Furthermore, by establishing a heat pump energy storage system 2 between the nuclear power system 1 that generates electricity using low-temperature saturated steam and the heating system 4 that provides heating using high-temperature superheated steam, the heat pump cycle of the heat pump energy storage system 2 can be used to "transfer" the thermal energy of the peak-shaving steam in the nuclear power system 1 to the heating system 4. The heat pump cycle can provide the heating system 4 with thermal energy that is several times the amount of electricity consumed, thereby ultimately achieving the purpose of improving the energy conversion efficiency of the system, which not only reduces the peak-shaving difficulty of the nuclear power system 1, but also greatly improves the quality of the supplied steam, ensuring a higher heating temperature.

[0029] Among them, by coupling the heat pump energy storage system 2 and the heating system 4 in the nuclear power system 1, the peak-shaving process of the nuclear power system 1 does not need to change the reaction power, so that the nuclear power system 1 can safely and stably participate in the peak-shaving and peak-peaking of the power grid.

[0030] It should be noted that, based on the coupling of the heat pump energy storage system 2 between the nuclear power system 1 and the heating system 4, the nuclear power system 1 does not need to shut down or reduce load when participating in the peak load regulation of the power grid, thereby avoiding the problems caused by reducing power. Specifically, firstly, without reducing power, it is easy to achieve deep peak load regulation by using the heat absorption and transfer control of the heat pump energy storage system 2; secondly, the constant power enables the nuclear power system 1 to operate safely and stably, and does not affect the core refueling cycle; finally, the constant power is not prone to thermal fatigue of pressure vessels and other structural materials, fuel burnup loss, wear of moving equipment parts, neutron flux oscillation in the reactor, uneven core temperature distribution and other safety problems. At the same time, not changing the power also avoids affecting the life of the control rod drive mechanism, the reactor 11 pressure vessel, the pressurizer, the steam generator 12 and other components.

[0031] In addition, compared with other coupling peak-shaving methods in the relevant embodiments, the coupling method of the heat pump energy storage system 2 and the heating system 4 in the nuclear power system 1 in this embodiment does not involve electrochemical reactions, has a higher safety factor, and uses the reverse Brayton cycle to achieve thermal energy quality improvement and value-added. Specifically, the steam heat of the nuclear power system 1 is used as the low-temperature heat source of the heat pump energy storage system 2, and the advantages of the heat pump energy storage system 2 itself (COP>1) are used to "transfer" the steam heat to the heating system 4, and the heat is increased in value. Among them, the heat pump energy storage system 2 uses the heating system 3 to supply high-quality steam. Specifically, the heat pump energy storage system 2 reserves a high-temperature energy storage medium, and when the nuclear power system 1 is peak-shaving, it stores heat and releases heat. During the non-peak-shaving period of the nuclear power system 1, the heat pump energy storage system 2 directly supplies heat, thereby achieving stable heating throughout the entire period.

[0032] In summary, the nuclear power peak-shaving system of this embodiment can realize the safe and stable participation of the nuclear power system 1 in power peak-shaving, while improving the peak capacity of the system, so that the system has high operational flexibility. Among them, by coupling the heat pump energy storage system 2 and the heating system 4 in the nuclear power system 1, it is ensured that the nuclear power system 1 can operate at full power during peak-shaving, without affecting the core refueling cycle and maintenance, and improving the peak-shaving and top-load capacity of the traditional nuclear power system 1 in a safe, efficient and low-cost manner, providing better regulation capabilities for new energy power generation, ensuring the safety and stability of the new power system, and achieving positive social benefits while also bringing corresponding economic benefits to the nuclear power plant.

[0033] The system of this embodiment realizes the coupled operation of the nuclear power system 1, the heat pump energy storage system 2, and the heating system 4. The heat pump energy storage technology solves the problem that the pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant cannot efficiently supply high-quality steam. At the same time, without changing the base load operating conditions of the nuclear reactor 11, the safe peak regulation of the nuclear power unit can be achieved.

[0034] The nuclear power system 1 is used to use nuclear energy to form saturated steam in the first steam circulation path therein, and use low-temperature saturated steam to generate electricity to meet electricity demand. The specific type of the nuclear power system 1 can be set according to actual needs and is not limited to this.

[0035] The heat pump energy storage system 2 is used to use the steam heat of the nuclear power system 1 as a low-temperature heat source, and utilizes the heat pump cycle to achieve value-added transfer and storage of heat, thereby continuously supplying high-quality steam. The specific type of the heat pump energy storage system 2 can be set according to actual needs and is not restricted.

[0036] Among them, the heat pump energy storage system 2 has significant advantages such as high energy storage density, small footprint, wide adjustment range, flexible layout, and independence from geographical conditions. The energy storage scale can be expanded by adding heat storage units, and it can be highly adapted to systems of different capacities.

[0037] The heating system 3 is used to release the heat stored in the heat pump energy storage system 2 to the second steam circulation path of the heating system 4 to achieve high-quality steam supply. The specific type of the heating system 3 can be set according to actual needs and is not limited to this.

[0038] The first preheater 33 is used to preheat the return water in the second steam circulation path, the evaporator 32 is used to heat the preheated water of the first preheater 33 into saturated steam, and the superheater 31 is used to heat the steam of the evaporator 32 into superheated steam, thereby using the superheated steam to meet the heating demand of the heating system 4. The specific types of the superheater 31, the evaporator 32 and the first preheater 33 can be set according to actual needs and are not limited to this. The superheater 31, the evaporator 32 and the first preheater 33 all include: a heat absorption channel and a heat release channel for direct or indirect heat exchange.

[0039] The heating system 4 is used for heating using the superheated steam in the second steam circulation path. The specific type of the heating system 4 can be set according to actual needs and is not limited to this.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the heat pump energy storage system 2 includes: a compression device 21, a first expansion device 22 and an energy storage device 23. Among them, the passage between the medium input end of the compression device 21 and the medium output end of the first expansion device 22 is used to absorb heat from the first steam cycle passage when in the peak shaving state, and the passage between the medium output end of the compression device 21 and the medium input end of the first expansion device 22 is used to release heat to the energy storage device 23 when in the peak shaving state, and the superheater 31, the evaporator 32 and the first preheater 33 are used to absorb heat from the energy storage device 23 in sequence.

[0041] It can be understood that the passage between the medium input end of the compression device 21 and the medium output end of the first expansion device 22 absorbs heat from the first steam circulation passage, thereby adjusting the load of the nuclear power system 1 according to the heat absorption, and thus meeting the peak load demand without changing the reaction power of the nuclear power system 1. At the same time, the passage between the medium output end of the compression device 21 and the medium input end of the first expansion device 22 releases heat to the energy storage device 23, and the superheater 31, the evaporator 32 and the first preheater 33 absorb heat from the energy storage device 23 in turn, thereby realizing the quality storage of thermal energy, and using the stored thermal energy to heat the return water in the second steam circulation passage into superheated steam, thereby meeting the high-quality heating demand.

[0042] Among them, the heat pump cycle is realized through the cooperation of the compression device 21 and the first expansion device 22, which can improve the quality and increase the value of the thermal energy of the peak-shaving steam in the nuclear power system 1, provide the heating system 4 with thermal energy several times the power consumption, and ultimately achieve the purpose of improving the energy conversion efficiency of the system.

[0043] It should be noted that the specific types of the compression device 21 and the expansion device can be set according to actual needs, and there is no limitation on this. For example, the compression device 21 can be a compressor, and the expansion device can be an expander. The medium circulates between the compressor and the expander, and the compressor and the expander are connected by transmission. Specifically, the compressor can convert the low-pressure medium into a high-pressure state, and at the same time, increase the temperature of the medium by increasing the pressure; the expander can make the medium expand adiabatically inside, consume the internal energy of the medium itself, thereby greatly reducing the pressure and temperature of the medium, achieving the purpose of refrigeration and cooling. At the same time, the expander can output mechanical work to the outside during the expansion of the medium, which can convert the internal energy of the medium into mechanical energy.

[0044] The compression device 21 and the expansion device use a circulating medium to transfer energy, and the circulating medium may be air, argon, nitrogen, helium, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, oxygen or a combination thereof, without limitation.

[0045] The energy storage device 23 is used to store the heat energy "transported" from the nuclear power system 1 by the compression device 21 and the first expansion device 22 when in the peak-shaving state, and to continuously or intermittently release the stored heat to the heating system 4 using the superheater 31, the evaporator 32 and the first preheater 33 in the heating system 3. The specific type of the energy storage device 23 can be set according to actual needs and is not limited to this. For example, the energy storage device 23 includes: a low-temperature tank and a high-temperature tank, the low-temperature medium output end of the low-temperature tank is connected to the high-temperature medium input end of the high-temperature tank, and the high-temperature medium output end of the high-temperature tank is connected to the low-temperature medium input end of the low-temperature tank, wherein the passage between the low-temperature medium output end of the low-temperature tank and the high-temperature medium input end of the high-temperature tank is used to absorb heat from the passage between the compression device 21 and the first expansion device 22, and the high-temperature medium output end of the high-temperature tank and the low-temperature medium input end of the low-temperature tank are used to release heat to the superheater 31, the evaporator 32 and the first preheater 33.

[0046] The energy storage medium in the energy storage device 23 may be potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate, sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, lithium nitrate, mineral oil or a mixture thereof, without limitation. In this embodiment, the energy storage medium is preferably solar salt to achieve solar salt molten salt heat storage.

[0047] The heat pump energy storage system 2 can use one or more compressors, one or more expanders, one or more heat absorbers 24 and heat emitters 25. The heat pump energy storage system 2 can receive electricity from an external power source (for example: a thermal power system, a wind power system, a photovoltaic system, a power grid, a solar thermal power generation system, a nuclear power system 1, etc.).

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the heat pump energy storage system 2 further includes: a heat absorber 24 and a heat releaser 25. The heat absorption channel of the heat absorber 24 is used to absorb heat from the first steam circulation path, and the heat release channel of the heat absorber 24 is connected in series between the medium input end of the compression device 21 and the medium output end of the first expansion device 22, the heat release channel input end of the heat absorber 24 is connected to the medium output end of the first expansion device 22, and the heat release channel output end of the heat absorber 24 is connected to the medium input end of the compression device 21;

[0049] The heat absorption channel of the radiator 25 is connected in series between the medium output end of the compression device 21 and the medium input end of the first expansion device 22, and the heat absorption channel input end of the radiator 25 is connected to the medium output end of the compression device 21, the heat absorption channel output end of the radiator 25 is connected to the medium input end of the first expansion device 22, the heat release channel input end of the radiator 25 is connected to the low-temperature medium output end of the energy storage device 23, and the heat release channel output end of the radiator 25 is connected to the high-temperature medium input end of the energy storage device 23.

[0050] It can be understood that since the heat absorption channel of the heat absorber 24 absorbs heat from the first steam circulation path, and the heat release channel input end of the heat absorber 24 is connected to the medium output end of the first expansion device 22, and the heat release channel output end of the heat absorber 24 is connected to the medium input end of the compression device 21, when the circulating medium is transported from the output end of the expansion device to the input end of the compression device 21, the heat exchange between the heat release channel and the heat absorption channel in the heat absorber 24 can be used to realize the transfer of steam heat in the first steam circulation path to the circulating medium.

[0051] Since the heat absorption channel input end of the radiator 25 is connected to the medium output end of the compression device 21, and the heat absorption channel output end of the radiator 25 is connected to the medium input end of the first expansion device 22, and the heat release channel input end of the radiator 25 is connected to the low-temperature medium output end of the energy storage device 23, and the heat release channel output end of the radiator 25 is connected to the high-temperature medium input end of the energy storage device 23, when the circulating medium is transported from the output end of the compression device 21 to the input end of the expansion device, the heat exchange between the heat release channel and the heat absorption channel in the radiator 25 can be used to realize the transfer and storage of heat in the circulating medium to the energy storage device 23.

[0052] Therefore, through the compression and temperature increase and pressure increase of the compression device 21 and the expansion and temperature decrease and pressure reduction of the expansion device, as well as the heat exchange between the absorber 24 and the emitter 25, the steam heat in the first steam circulation path can be used as a low-temperature heat source for the heat pump system based on the reverse Brayton cycle, and the advantage of COP>1 can be used to obtain heat value-added, thereby achieving the quality improvement and value-added of nuclear energy during the peak regulation period, and then coupling the heating system 4 to achieve high-quality heating.

[0053] It should be noted that the heat absorber 24 and the heat radiator 25 are both used for heat exchange. The heat absorber 24 is used to absorb heat from the steam in the first steam circulation path, and the heat radiator 25 is used to release heat to the energy storage medium of the energy storage device 23. The heat absorber 24 and the heat radiator 25 both have heat absorption channels and heat exchange channels for direct or indirect heat exchange. The specific types of the heat absorber 24 and the heat radiator 25 can be set according to actual needs and there is no limitation on this.

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the heat pump energy storage system 2 further includes: an isolation heat exchanger 26, the heat absorption channel of the isolation heat exchanger 26 is connected in parallel to the first steam circulation path, and the heat release channel output end of the isolation heat exchanger 26 is connected to the heat absorption channel input end of the heat absorber 24, and the heat release channel input end of the isolation heat exchanger 26 is connected to the heat absorption channel output end of the heat absorber 24. The medium pressure in the heat release channel of the isolation heat exchanger 26 is greater than the steam pressure in the heat absorption channel of the isolation heat exchanger 26.

[0055] It can be understood that since the heat absorption channel of the isolation heat exchanger 26 is connected in parallel to the first steam circulation path, and the heat release channel output end of the isolation heat exchanger 26 is connected to the heat absorption channel input end of the heat absorber 24, the heat release channel input end of the isolation heat exchanger 26 is connected to the heat absorption channel output end of the heat absorber 24, so that when the heating medium circulates between the heat release channel of the isolation heat exchanger 26 and the heat absorption channel of the heat absorber 24, the heat exchange between the heat release channel and the heat absorption channel in the isolation heat exchanger 26 can be utilized to realize the transfer of steam heat in the first steam circulation path to the heating medium.

[0056] Furthermore, since the medium pressure in the heat release channel of the isolation heat exchanger 26 is greater than the steam pressure in the heat absorption channel of the isolation heat exchanger 26, the pressure difference between the heat release channel and the heat absorption channel of the isolation heat exchanger 26 can be used to isolate the nuclear power steam and the heat pump medium, thereby ensuring the safe and stable operation of the system.

[0057] It should be noted that the isolation heat exchanger 26 is used to achieve heat exchange between the first steam circulation path and the heat absorber 24 while using pressure to achieve isolation between the working fluids, thereby preventing the extraction steam in the nuclear power system 1 from leaking to the heat pump energy storage system 2. The specific type of the isolation heat exchanger 26 can be set according to actual needs and is not limited to this. Among them, the isolation heat exchanger 26 preferably uses a heat pipe heat exchanger and other heat exchanger configurations with leakage and radiation protection. Among them, a working fluid pump can be set at the input end of the heat release channel of the isolation heat exchanger 26 to achieve a larger medium pressure.

[0058] In the system of this embodiment, the extraction steam of the nuclear power system 1 serves as the low-temperature heat source and driving heat source of the heat pump energy storage system 2. There is no restriction on the extraction steam port, and it can be the main steam, reheat steam and other extraction steam of the first steam circulation path, pipeline extraction steam, and there is no restriction on this.

[0059] like Figure 1As shown, in some embodiments, the nuclear power system 1 includes: a reactor 11, a steam generator 12, a high-pressure cylinder 13, a reheater 14, a medium- and low-pressure cylinder 15, and a generator 16. Among them, the steam output end of the reactor 11 is connected to the heat absorption channel input end of the steam generator 12, and the cooling water input end of the reactor 11 is connected to the heat absorption channel output end of the steam generator 12, and the heat release channel output end of the steam generator 12 is respectively connected to the steam input end of the high-pressure cylinder 13 and the heat absorption channel input end of the reheater 14; the heat release channel input end of the reheater 14 is connected to the steam output end of the high-pressure cylinder 13, and the heat release channel output end of the reheater 14 is connected to the steam input end of the medium and low pressure cylinders 15, and the heat absorption channel output end of the reheater 14 and the steam output end of the medium and low pressure cylinders 15 are respectively connected to the heat release channel input end of the steam generator 12; the passage between the medium input end of the compression device 21 and the medium output end of the first expansion device 22 is used to absorb heat from the steam at the heat release channel output end of the steam generator 12, the steam of the high-pressure cylinder 13, and the steam of the medium and low pressure cylinders 15.

[0060] It can be understood that, since the steam output end of the reactor 11 is connected to the heat absorption channel input end of the steam generator 12, and the cooling water input end of the reactor 11 is connected to the heat absorption channel output end of the steam generator 12, a circulating heating loop is formed between the reactor 11 and the heat absorption channel of the steam generator 12; and, since the heat release channel output end of the steam generator 12 is respectively connected to the steam input end of the high-pressure cylinder 13 and the heat absorption channel input end of the reheater 14, and the heat release channel input end of the reheater 14 is connected to the steam output end of the high-pressure cylinder 13, and the heat release channel output end of the reheater 14 is connected to the steam input end of the medium and low pressure cylinders 15, the heat absorption channel of the reheater 14 The output end and the steam output end of the medium and low pressure cylinder 15 are respectively connected to the heat release channel input end of the steam generator 12, so that the steam output by the medium and low pressure cylinder 15 can be converted into saturated steam under the heating of the circulating heating loop between the reactor 11 and the heat absorption channel of the steam generator 12 after being converted into condensed water, and the saturated steam passes through the heat absorption channel of the reheater 14 and is converted into reheated steam after doing work in the high pressure cylinder 13, and the reheated steam is converted into condensed water again after doing work in the medium and low pressure cylinder 15. Therefore, by utilizing the heating of the steam generator 12, the heating of the reheater 14 and the circulation of condensed water, the generator 16 can achieve efficient power generation.

[0061] In addition, the passage between the medium input end of the compression device 21 and the medium output end of the first expansion device 22 is used to absorb heat from the steam at the output end of the heat release channel of the steam generator 12, the steam of the high-pressure cylinder 13, and the steam of the medium and low-pressure cylinders 15, thereby adjusting the load of the nuclear power system 1 according to the heat absorption, thereby meeting the peak-shaving demand without changing the reaction power of the nuclear power system 1.

[0062] It should be noted that the reactor 11 is used to utilize the nuclear energy generated by nuclear fission or nuclear fusion, convert it into thermal energy, and then convert it into electrical energy through the cooperation of the circulating heating loop and the first steam circulation passage. The specific type of the reactor 11 can be set according to actual needs and there is no limitation on this.

[0063] The steam generator 12 is used to utilize the heat generated by the reactor 11 to heat the water vapor in the first steam circulation path into saturated steam, so that the first steam circulation path utilizes the saturated steam to generate electricity. The specific type of the steam generator 12 can be set according to actual needs and is not limited to this.

[0064] In order to ensure the stable circulation of water vapor, a working fluid pump may be provided at the output end of the heat absorption channel of the steam generator 12 .

[0065] The reheater 14 is used to utilize the heat in the steam generator 12 to heat the steam after the high-pressure cylinder 13 has done work, so as to achieve reheated steam. The reheater 14 has a heat absorption channel and a heat exchange channel for direct or indirect heat exchange. The specific type of the reheater 14 can be set according to actual needs and is not limited to this.

[0066] The high-pressure cylinder 13 is used to utilize the work of the main steam to drive the generator 16 to generate electricity, and the medium and low-pressure cylinders 15 are used to utilize the work of the reheated steam to drive the generator 16 to generate electricity. The specific types of the high-pressure cylinder 13 and the medium and low-pressure cylinders 15 can be set according to actual needs and are not limited to this.

[0067] The generator 16 is used to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy under the drive of the high-pressure cylinder 13 and the medium- and low-pressure cylinders 15. The specific type of the generator 16 can be set according to actual needs and is not limited to this.

[0068] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the heat pump energy storage system 2 further includes: an electric motor 27 , and a power output end of the electric motor 27 is transmission-connected to a power input end of the compression device 21 .

[0069] It can be understood that since the power output end of the motor 27 is connected to the power input end of the compression device 21 by transmission, the motor 27 can drive the compression device 21 to operate, thereby utilizing the compression device 21 and the first expansion device 22 to realize a heat pump cycle, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the energy conversion efficiency of the system.

[0070] It should be noted that the motor 27 is used to drive the compression device 21 using electrical energy, and the specific type of the motor 27 can be set according to actual needs and is not limited to this.

[0071] like Figure 1As shown, in some embodiments, the heat pump energy storage system 2 also includes: an axial work transmission mechanism 28, the power input end of the axial work transmission mechanism 28 is respectively connected to the power output end of the high-pressure cylinder 13 and the power output end of the medium and low-pressure cylinders 15 by transmission, and the power output end of the axial work transmission mechanism 28 is connected to the power input end of the compression device 21 by transmission.

[0072] It can be understood that since the power input end of the shaft power transmission mechanism 28 is respectively connected to the power output end of the high-pressure cylinder 13 and the power output end of the medium- and low-pressure cylinders 15, and the power output end of the shaft power transmission mechanism 28 is connected to the power input end of the compression device 21, the shaft power transmission mechanism 28 can directly transmit the power output by the high-pressure cylinder 13 and the medium- and low-pressure cylinders 15 to the compression device 21, thereby realizing the mechanical drive of the heat pump energy storage system 2 by the nuclear power system 1, which not only ensures the stable operation of the heat pump energy storage system 2, but also effectively reduces the self-power consumption rate of the system, while avoiding the use of the electric motor 27 to improve energy efficiency.

[0073] It should be noted that the shaft power transmission mechanism 28 is used to utilize the mechanical energy of the nuclear power system 1 to directly drive the compression device 21, which realizes direct transmission between the nuclear power system 1 and the compression device 21, thereby avoiding energy loss in the process of converting mechanical energy into electrical energy and then converting electrical energy into mechanical energy, thereby improving the energy conversion efficiency of the system. The specific type of the shaft power transmission mechanism 28 can be set according to actual needs and is not limited to this. For example, the shaft power transmission mechanism 28 may include: clutch, gear box and other transmission components. The shaft power transmission mechanism 28 is arranged between the power output shafts of the high-pressure cylinder 13 and the medium and low-pressure cylinders 15 and the power input shaft of the compression device 21.

[0074] During the specific operation process, a small-power starting motor 27 is used to drive the compression device 21 to the rated speed and then the shaft power transmission mechanism 28 is applied to achieve the coupled operation of the nuclear power system 1 and the heat pump energy storage system 2 in a steady state, thereby further improving the energy conversion efficiency.

[0075] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the heat pump energy storage system 2 also includes: a second expansion device 29, the steam input end of the second expansion device 29 is connected to the heat release channel output end of the steam generator 12, and the steam output end of the second expansion device 29 is connected to the heat release channel input end of the reheater 14, or, the steam input end of the second expansion device 29 is respectively connected to the steam output end of the high-pressure cylinder 13 and the steam output end of the medium and low-pressure cylinders 15, and the steam output end of the second expansion device 29 is connected to the heat release channel input end of the steam generator 12.

[0076] It can be understood that since the steam input end of the second expansion device 29 is connected to the output end of the heat release channel of the steam generator 12, and the steam output end of the second expansion device 29 is connected to the input end of the heat release channel of the reheater 14, the second expansion device 29 can use the steam output from the heat release channel of the steam generator 12 to drive the compression device 21, thereby realizing the steam drive of the heat pump energy storage system 2 by the nuclear power system 1, which not only ensures the stable operation of the heat pump energy storage system 2, but also effectively reduces the self-power consumption rate of the system, while avoiding the use of the motor 27 to improve energy efficiency.

[0077] Since the steam input end of the second expansion device 29 is respectively connected to the steam output end of the high-pressure cylinder 13 and the steam output end of the medium- and low-pressure cylinder 15, and the steam output end of the second expansion device 29 is connected to the heat release channel input end of the steam generator 12, the second expansion device 29 can use the steam output by the high-pressure cylinder 13 and the medium- and low-pressure cylinder 15 to drive the compression device 21, thereby realizing the steam drive of the heat pump energy storage system 2 by the nuclear power system 1, which not only ensures the stable operation of the heat pump energy storage system 2, but also effectively reduces the self-power consumption rate of the system, while avoiding the use of the electric motor 27 to improve energy efficiency.

[0078] It should be noted that when the second expansion device 29 uses the steam output from the heat release channel of the steam generator 12 to drive the compression device 21, the second expansion device 29 is similar to a high-pressure steam turbine; the second expansion device 29 uses the steam output from the high-pressure cylinder 13 and the medium- and low-pressure cylinders 15 to drive the compression device 21, and the second expansion device 29 is similar to a medium- and low-pressure steam turbine.

[0079] The specific type of the second expansion device 29 can be set according to actual needs, and there is no limitation on this. For example, the second expansion device 29 can be an expander.

[0080] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the nuclear power system 1 further includes: a condenser 17, a low-pressure heater 18, a first deaerator 19 and a high-pressure heater 110. The steam input end of the condenser 17 is connected to the steam output end of the medium and low pressure cylinders 15, and the heat absorption channel input end of the low-pressure heater 18 is connected to the steam output end of the medium and low pressure cylinders 15, and the heat release channel input end of the low-pressure heater 18 is connected to the condensed water output end of the condenser 17; the water vapor input end of the first deaerator 19 is respectively connected to the heat absorption channel output end of the low-pressure heater 18, the heat release channel output end of the low-pressure heater 18 and the steam output end of the high-pressure cylinder 13, and the heat absorption channel input end of the high-pressure heater 110 is connected to the steam output end of the high-pressure cylinder 13, the heat release channel input end of the high-pressure heater 110 is connected to the deoxygenated water output end of the first deaerator 19, and the heat absorption channel output end of the high-pressure heater 110 and the heat release channel output end of the high-pressure heater 110 are respectively connected to the heat release channel input end of the steam generator 12.

[0081] It can be understood that, since the steam input end of the condenser 17 is connected to the steam output end of the medium and low pressure cylinders 15, and the heat release channel input end of the low pressure heater 18 is connected to the condensate output end of the condenser 17, the steam after the medium and low pressure cylinders 15 do work can be converted into condensate by the condenser 17 and transported to the heat release channel of the low pressure heater 18; since the heat absorption channel input end of the low pressure heater 18 is connected to the steam output end of the medium and low pressure cylinders 15, the water vapor input end of the first deaerator 19 is respectively connected to the heat absorption channel output end of the low pressure heater 18, the heat release channel output end of the low pressure heater 18 and the steam output end of the high pressure cylinder 13, so that the condensate can be preheated by the steam of the medium and low pressure cylinders 15, and the preheated condensate can be preheated by the steam of the medium and low pressure cylinders 15. The condensed water and the water vapor after releasing heat enter the first deaerator 19 for deoxygenation; since the heat absorption channel input end of the high-pressure heater 110 is connected to the steam output end of the high-pressure cylinder 13, the heat release channel input end of the high-pressure heater 110 is connected to the deoxygenated water output end of the first deaerator 19, the heat absorption channel output end of the high-pressure heater 110 and the heat release channel output end of the high-pressure heater 110 are respectively connected to the heat release channel input end of the steam generator 12, so that the deoxygenated water after deoxygenation can be further preheated by the steam of the high-pressure cylinder 13, and the preheated deoxygenated water and the water vapor after releasing heat enter the heat release channel of the steam generator 12 and are converted into saturated steam, thereby realizing the steam circulation in the first steam circulation path.

[0082] It should be noted that the condenser 17 is used to condense steam by utilizing the heat exchange of cooling water, so that the steam after work in the medium and low pressure cylinders 15 is converted into condensed water. The specific type of the condenser 17 can be set according to actual needs and is not limited to this.

[0083] The low-pressure heater 18 and the high-pressure heater 110 are both used for preheating condensate. The low-pressure heater 18 is used to preheat condensate using the steam in the medium and low-pressure cylinders 15, and the high-pressure heater 110 is used to preheat deoxygenated water using the steam in the high-pressure cylinder 13. The specific types of the low-pressure heater 18 and the high-pressure heater 110 can be set according to actual needs and are not limited to this.

[0084] The first deaerator 19 is used to remove oxygen from the condensate to reduce corrosion of the system. The specific type of the first deaerator 19 can be set according to actual needs and is not limited to this.

[0085] In order to ensure the stable circulation of water vapor, working fluid pumps may be provided at the output end of the condenser 17 and the output end of the first deaerator 19, respectively.

[0086] like Figure 1As shown, in some embodiments, the nuclear power system 1 further includes: an ejector 111 and a temperature reduction and pressure reduction device 112. The steam input end of the ejector 111 is respectively connected to the heat release channel output end of the steam generator 12, the steam output end of the high pressure cylinder 13 and the steam output end of the medium and low pressure cylinder 15, and the steam output end of the ejector 111 is connected to the steam input end of the temperature reduction and pressure reduction device 112, the water vapor output end of the temperature reduction and pressure reduction device 112 is connected to the water vapor input end of the first deaerator 19, and the passage between the medium input end of the compression device 21 and the medium output end of the first expansion device 22 is used to absorb heat from the passage between the steam output end of the ejector 111 and the steam input end of the temperature reduction and pressure reduction device 112.

[0087] It can be understood that since the steam input end of the ejector 111 is respectively connected to the output end of the heat release channel of the steam generator 12, the steam output end of the high-pressure cylinder 13 and the steam output end of the medium- and low-pressure cylinders 15, and the steam output end of the ejector 111 is connected to the steam input end of the temperature reduction and pressure reduction device 112, and the water vapor output end of the temperature reduction and pressure reduction device 112 is connected to the water vapor input end of the first deaerator 19, the ejector 111 can eject the steam in the high-pressure cylinder 13 and the steam in the medium- and low-pressure cylinders 15 to the temperature reduction and pressure reduction device 112, and during the ejection process, it exchanges heat with the passage between the medium input end of the compression device 21 and the medium output end of the first expansion device 22, and can also eject part of the saturated steam for temperature adjustment, thereby ensuring efficient heat exchange between the first steam circulation passage and the heat pump energy storage system 2.

[0088] The steam after the induced heat exchange is directly discharged into the first deaerator 19 by means of the temperature reduction and pressure reduction device 112, thereby realizing the recycling of water vapor and avoiding damage to the first deaerator 19.

[0089] It should be noted that the ejector 111 is used to eject part of the steam at the output end of the heat release channel of the steam generator 12, part of the steam of the high-pressure cylinder 13, and part of the steam of the medium and low-pressure cylinders 15 to the heat absorption channel of the isolation heat exchanger 26, so as to realize heat transfer. The specific type of the ejector 111 can be set according to actual needs and is not limited to this.

[0090] The cooling and pressure reducing device 112 is used to cool and reduce the pressure of steam after heat release to protect the deaerator and other equipment behind it. The specific type of the cooling and pressure reducing device 112 can be set according to actual needs and is not limited to this. For example, the cooling and pressure reducing device 112 can be a cooling and pressure reducing protector.

[0091] like Figure 1As shown, in some embodiments, the heat absorption channel input end of the superheater 31 is connected to the high-temperature medium output end of the energy storage device 23, and the heat absorption channel input end of the evaporator 32 is connected to the heat absorption channel output end of the superheater 31, the heat absorption channel input end of the first preheater 33 is connected to the heat absorption channel output end of the evaporator 32, and the heat absorption channel output end of the first preheater 33 is connected to the low-temperature medium input end of the energy storage device 23; the heat release channel input end of the first preheater 33 is connected to the return water end of the second steam circulation path, and the heat release channel input end of the evaporator 32 is connected to the heat release channel output end of the first preheater 33, the heat release channel input end of the superheater 31 is connected to the heat release channel output end of the evaporator 32, and the heat release channel output end of the superheater 31 is connected to the heating end of the second steam circulation path.

[0092] It can be understood that, since the heat absorption channel input end of the superheater 31 is connected to the high-temperature medium output end of the energy storage device 23, and the heat absorption channel input end of the evaporator 32 is connected to the heat absorption channel output end of the superheater 31, the heat absorption channel input end of the first preheater 33 is connected to the heat absorption channel output end of the evaporator 32, and the heat absorption channel output end of the first preheater 33 is connected to the low-temperature medium input end of the energy storage device 23, the first preheater 33 can use the energy storage medium with a lower temperature to preheat the return water of the second steam circulation path, the evaporator 32 can use the energy storage medium with a higher temperature to heat the preheated water of the first preheater 33 into saturated steam, and the superheater 31 can use the energy storage medium with an extremely high temperature to heat the steam of the evaporator 32 into superheated steam. Therefore, through the cooperation of the superheater 31, the evaporator 32 and the first preheater 33, the heat stored in the energy storage device 23 is used to realize the conversion of return water to superheated steam in the heating system 4, thereby effectively ensuring the high heating quality of the heating system 4.

[0093] It should be noted that, for the arrangement of the heat absorption channel of the superheater 31, the heat absorption channel of the evaporator 32 and the heat absorption channel of the first preheater 33, for example, the heat absorption channel input end of the superheater 31 is connected to the high-temperature medium output end of the high-temperature tank, and the heat absorption channel output end of the first preheater 33 is connected to the low-temperature medium input end of the low-temperature tank.

[0094] Regarding the arrangement of the heat release channel of the first preheater 33, the heat release channel of the evaporator 32 and the heat release channel of the superheater 31, for example, the heat release channel input end of the first preheater 33 is connected to the return water pipeline output end of the heating system 4, and the heat release channel output end of the superheater 31 is connected to the steam pipeline input end of the heating system 4.

[0095] like Figure 1As shown, in some embodiments, the heating system 3 further includes: a steam drum 34, a second deaerator 35 and a second preheater 36. The steam drum 34 is arranged between the heat release channel input end of the evaporator 32 and the heat release channel output end of the first preheater 33, and between the heat release channel input end of the superheater 31 and the heat release channel output end of the evaporator 32. The first input end of the steam drum 34 is connected to the heat release channel output end of the first preheater 33, the first output end of the steam drum 34 is connected to the heat release channel input end of the evaporator 32, the second input end of the steam drum 34 is connected to the heat release channel output end of the evaporator 32, and the second output end of the steam drum 34 is connected to the heat release channel input end of the superheater 31; the return water input end of the second deaerator 35 and the second steam drum 36 are connected. The return water end of the steam circulation passage is connected, and the steam input end of the second deaerator 35 is respectively connected to the second output end of the steam drum 34 and the heat release channel output end of the superheater 31; the heat absorption channel input end of the second preheater 36 is respectively connected to the second output end of the steam drum 34 and the heat release channel output end of the superheater 31, and the heat absorption channel output end of the second preheater 36 is connected to the water vapor input end of the second deaerator 35, the heat release channel input end of the second preheater 36 is connected to the deoxygenated water output end of the second deaerator 35, and the heat release channel output end of the second preheater 36 is connected to the heat release channel input end of the first preheater 33.

[0096] It can be understood that, since the first input end of the drum 34 is connected to the output end of the heat release channel of the first preheater 33, and the first output end of the drum 34 is connected to the input end of the heat release channel of the evaporator 32, the second input end of the drum 34 is connected to the output end of the heat release channel of the evaporator 32, and the second output end of the drum 34 is connected to the input end of the heat release channel of the superheater 31, the return water preheated in the heat release channel of the first preheater 33 can enter the heat release channel of the evaporator 32 through the drum 34, and the steam-water mixture in the heat release channel of the evaporator 32 can be separated by the drum 34, and the separated steam enters the heat release channel of the superheater 31 to be heated into superheated steam, and the separated water returns to the evaporator 32 for further heating. Therefore, through the setting of the drum 34, the quality of the superheated steam generated by the heating system 3 is effectively improved, thereby ensuring the efficient heating of the heating system 4.

[0097] Since the return water input end of the second deaerator 35 is connected to the return water end of the second steam circulation path, and the steam input end of the second deaerator 35 is respectively connected to the second output end of the steam drum 34 and the output end of the heat release channel of the superheater 31, the second deaerator 35 can deoxygenate the return water of the second steam circulation path, and can also use the saturated steam at the second output end of the steam drum 34 and the superheated steam at the output end of the heat release channel of the superheater 31 to preheat the return water of the second steam circulation path, thereby improving the heating efficiency and quality of the heating system 4.

[0098] Since the heat absorption channel input end of the second preheater 36 is respectively connected to the second output end of the drum 34 and the heat release channel output end of the superheater 31, the heat absorption channel output end of the second preheater 36 is connected to the water vapor input end of the second deaerator 35, the heat release channel input end of the second preheater 36 is connected to the deoxygenated water output end of the second deaerator 35, and the heat release channel output end of the second preheater 36 is connected to the heat release channel input end of the first preheater 33, the deoxygenated water of the second deaerator 35 can enter the first preheater 33 through the heat release channel of the second preheater 36, and at the same time, the deoxygenated water can also be preheated by the saturated steam at the second output end of the drum 34 and the superheated steam at the heat release channel output end of the superheater 31 when passing through the heat release channel of the second preheater 36, thereby further improving the heating efficiency and quality of the heating system 4.

[0099] It should be noted that the steam drum 34 is used for steam-water separation to improve the quality of steam. The specific type of the steam drum 34 can be set according to actual needs and is not limited to this.

[0100] In order to ensure the stable circulation of water vapor, a working fluid pump may be provided between the first output end of the steam drum 34 and the input end of the heat release channel of the evaporator 32 .

[0101] The second deaerator 35 is used to remove oxygen from the heating return water to reduce corrosion of the system. The specific type of the second deaerator 35 can be set according to actual needs and is not limited to this. Among them, a throttle valve can be set at the steam input end of the second deaerator 35 to achieve pressure reduction protection.

[0102] The second preheater 36 is used to preheat the deoxygenated return water using the saturated steam at the second output end of the drum 34 and the superheated steam at the output end of the heat release channel of the superheater 31. The second preheater 36 includes: a heat absorption channel and a heat release channel for direct or indirect heat exchange. The specific type of the second preheater 36 can be set according to actual needs and is not limited to this. Among them, a throttle valve can be set at the input end of the heat absorption channel of the second preheater 36 to achieve pressure reduction protection.

[0103] The system of this embodiment can realize stable heating at all times, and at the same time, realize deep peak regulation of the unit without changing the base load operating conditions of the nuclear reactor 11; the heat pump energy storage system 2 can be driven by the first steam circulation path of the nuclear power system 1, or driven by the second expansion device 29 driven by peak-shaving extraction steam, so as to reduce the self-power consumption rate, and avoid the use of the motor 27 to improve energy efficiency; a pressure isolation circuit is applied to prevent the extraction steam of the first steam circulation path of the nuclear power system 1 from leaking to the heat pump energy storage system 2.

[0104] It should be noted that, in the description of the present disclosure, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more.

[0105] Any process or method description in a flowchart or otherwise described herein may be understood to represent a module, segment or portion of code that includes one or more executable instructions for implementing the steps of a specific logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure includes alternative implementations in which functions may not be performed in the order shown or discussed, including performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the reverse order depending on the functions involved, which should be understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of the present disclosure belong.

[0106] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0107] Although the embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present disclosure. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A nuclear power plant heating peak-shaving system coupled with a heat pump energy storage, characterized in that: include: Nuclear power systems, heat pump energy storage systems, heating systems and heat supply systems; The nuclear power system has a first steam circulation path and generates electricity using saturated steam in the first steam circulation path, the heating system includes: a superheater, an evaporator and a first preheater, and the heat supply system has a second steam circulation path and supplies heat using superheated steam in the second steam circulation path; The heat pump energy storage system is used to absorb and store heat from the first steam cycle path when in peak load state; The superheater, the evaporator and the first preheater are used to absorb heat from the heat pump energy storage system in sequence, and the first preheater, the evaporator and the superheater are used to release heat to the second steam circulation path in sequence.

2. The nuclear power plant heating peak-shaving system coupled with heat pump energy storage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The heat pump energy storage system comprises: A compression device, a first expansion device and an energy storage device; Wherein, the passage between the medium input end of the compression device and the medium output end of the first expansion device is used to absorb heat from the first steam cycle passage when in a peak shaving state, and the passage between the medium output end of the compression device and the medium input end of the first expansion device is used to release heat to the energy storage device when in a peak shaving state; The superheater, the evaporator and the first preheater are used to absorb heat from the energy storage device in sequence.

3. The nuclear power plant heating peak-shaving system coupled with heat pump energy storage according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The heat pump energy storage system also includes: Heat absorbers and emitters; The heat absorbing channel of the heat absorber is used to absorb heat from the first steam circulation path, and the heat releasing channel of the heat absorber is connected in series between the medium input end of the compression device and the medium output end of the first expansion device, the heat releasing channel input end of the heat absorber is connected to the medium output end of the first expansion device, and the heat releasing channel output end of the heat absorber is connected to the medium input end of the compression device; The heat absorption channel of the radiator is connected in series between the medium output end of the compression device and the medium input end of the first expansion device, and the heat absorption channel input end of the radiator is connected to the medium output end of the compression device, the heat absorption channel output end of the radiator is connected to the medium input end of the first expansion device, the heat release channel input end of the radiator is connected to the low-temperature medium output end of the energy storage device, and the heat release channel output end of the radiator is connected to the high-temperature medium input end of the energy storage device.

4. The nuclear power plant heating peak-shaving system coupled with heat pump energy storage according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The heat pump energy storage system also includes: An isolation heat exchanger, wherein the heat absorption channel of the isolation heat exchanger is connected in parallel to the first steam circulation passage, and the heat release channel output end of the isolation heat exchanger is connected to the heat absorption channel input end of the heat absorber, and the heat release channel input end of the isolation heat exchanger is connected to the heat absorption channel output end of the heat absorber; Wherein, the medium pressure in the heat release channel of the isolation heat exchanger is greater than the steam pressure in the heat absorption channel of the isolation heat exchanger.

5. The nuclear power plant heating peak-shaving system coupled with heat pump energy storage according to claim 2, characterized in that: The nuclear power system comprises: Reactor, steam generator, high pressure cylinder, reheater, medium and low pressure cylinder, generator; The steam output end of the reactor is connected to the heat absorption channel input end of the steam generator, and the cooling water input end of the reactor is connected to the heat absorption channel output end of the steam generator, and the heat release channel output end of the steam generator is connected to the steam input end of the high-pressure cylinder and the heat absorption channel input end of the reheater respectively; The heat release channel input end of the reheater is connected to the steam output end of the high-pressure cylinder, and the heat release channel output end of the reheater is connected to the steam input end of the medium and low-pressure cylinders, and the heat absorption channel output end of the reheater and the steam output end of the medium and low-pressure cylinders are respectively connected to the heat release channel input end of the steam generator; The passage between the medium input end of the compression device and the medium output end of the first expansion device is used to absorb heat from the steam at the output end of the steam generator heat release channel, the steam of the high-pressure cylinder and the steam of the medium and low-pressure cylinders.

6. The nuclear power plant heating peak-shaving system coupled with heat pump energy storage according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The heat pump energy storage system also includes: An electric motor, wherein a power output end of the electric motor is drivingly connected to a power input end of the compression device; and / or, A shaft power transmission mechanism, wherein the power input end of the shaft power transmission mechanism is respectively connected to the power output end of the high-pressure cylinder and the power output end of the medium- and low-pressure cylinders by transmission, and the power output end of the shaft power transmission mechanism is connected to the power input end of the compression device by transmission; and / or, A second expansion device, the steam input end of the second expansion device is connected to the output end of the heat release channel of the steam generator, and the steam output end of the second expansion device is connected to the input end of the heat release channel of the reheater, or the steam input end of the second expansion device is respectively connected to the steam output end of the high-pressure cylinder and the steam output end of the medium- and low-pressure cylinders, and the steam output end of the second expansion device is connected to the input end of the heat release channel of the steam generator.

7. The nuclear power plant heating peak-shaving system coupled with heat pump energy storage according to claim 5, characterized in that: The nuclear power system further comprises: Condenser, low pressure heater, first deaerator and high pressure heater; The steam input end of the condenser is connected to the steam output end of the medium and low pressure cylinders, the heat absorption channel input end of the low pressure heater is connected to the steam output end of the medium and low pressure cylinders, and the heat release channel input end of the low pressure heater is connected to the condensate output end of the condenser; The water vapor input end of the first deaerator is respectively connected to the heat absorption channel output end of the low-pressure heater, the heat release channel output end of the low-pressure heater and the steam output end of the high-pressure cylinder, and the heat absorption channel input end of the high-pressure heater is connected to the steam output end of the high-pressure cylinder, the heat release channel input end of the high-pressure heater is connected to the deoxygenated water output end of the first deaerator, and the heat absorption channel output end of the high-pressure heater and the heat release channel output end of the high-pressure heater are respectively connected to the heat release channel input end of the steam generator.

8. The nuclear power plant heating peak-shaving system coupled with heat pump energy storage according to claim 7, characterized in that: The nuclear power system further comprises: Ejector and temperature and pressure reduction device; The steam input end of the ejector is respectively connected to the heat release channel output end of the steam generator, the steam output end of the high-pressure cylinder and the steam output end of the medium- and low-pressure cylinders, and the steam output end of the ejector is connected to the steam input end of the temperature reduction and pressure reduction device, and the water vapor output end of the temperature reduction and pressure reduction device is connected to the water vapor input end of the first deaerator; The passage between the medium input end of the compression device and the medium output end of the first expansion device is used to absorb heat from the passage between the steam output end of the ejector and the steam input end of the temperature reduction and pressure reduction device.

9. The nuclear power plant heating peak-shaving system coupled with heat pump energy storage according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat absorption channel input end of the superheater is connected to the high temperature medium output end of the energy storage device, and the heat absorption channel input end of the evaporator is connected to the heat absorption channel output end of the superheater, the heat absorption channel input end of the first preheater is connected to the heat absorption channel output end of the evaporator, and the heat absorption channel output end of the first preheater is connected to the low temperature medium input end of the energy storage device; The heat release channel input end of the first preheater is connected to the return water end of the second steam circulation path, and the heat release channel input end of the evaporator is connected to the heat release channel output end of the first preheater, the heat release channel input end of the superheater is connected to the heat release channel output end of the evaporator, and the heat release channel output end of the superheater is connected to the heating end of the second steam circulation path.

10. The nuclear power plant heating peak-shaving system coupled with heat pump energy storage according to claim 9, characterized in that: The heating system further comprises: Steam drum, second deaerator and second preheater; The steam drum is arranged between the heat release channel input end of the evaporator and the heat release channel output end of the first preheater and between the heat release channel input end of the superheater and the heat release channel output end of the evaporator, the first input end of the steam drum is connected to the heat release channel output end of the first preheater, the first output end of the steam drum is connected to the heat release channel input end of the evaporator, the second input end of the steam drum is connected to the heat release channel output end of the evaporator, and the second output end of the steam drum is connected to the heat release channel input end of the superheater; The return water input end of the second deaerator is connected to the return water end of the second steam circulation passage, and the steam input end of the second deaerator is respectively connected to the second output end of the drum and the heat release channel output end of the superheater; The heat absorption channel input end of the second preheater is connected to the second output end of the steam drum and the heat release channel output end of the superheater respectively, and the heat absorption channel output end of the second preheater is connected to the water vapor input end of the second deaerator, the heat release channel input end of the second preheater is connected to the deoxygenated water output end of the second deaerator, and the heat release channel output end of the second preheater is connected to the heat release channel input end of the first preheater.

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