Power transmission line lightning stroke fault positioning method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power systems, and provides a power transmission line lightning stroke fault positioning method and device, electronic equipment and a storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring transient voltage data after a power transmission line is directly struck by lightning; defining a set of possible fault locations based on the historical fault data; converting the transient voltage into a transient current; reversely injecting the transient current into a simulation model of the power transmission system from the same observation point, and simulating a transverse branch current at each possible fault position; and calculating the time domain similarity between the transient current and the transverse branch current at each possible fault position, and determining the fault position with the highest similarity as a lightning stroke fault position. According to the invention, high-precision positioning of the lightning stroke fault can be realized only by installing one measurement point in the main substation, and the reliability is high. The method is not only suitable for a lossless system, but also suitable for a lossy transmission line.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power systems, and in particular to a method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium for locating lightning faults in power transmission lines. Background Art

[0002] There is a clear correlation between lightning and power system blackouts. The incidence of lightning strikes on overhead transmission lines is estimated by lightning exposure, which involves the physical processes involved in the final stage of the downward development of the lightning lead. This process may result in lightning strikes on phase conductors, towers, or overhead ground wires. The lightning return current injected into these conductors generates a high-voltage lightning surge that propagates in the form of a traveling wave starting from the lightning attachment point along the transmission line in both directions.

[0003] When a direct lightning strike occurs near a substation, the lightning surge can damage the transformer windings and even the secondary side equipment. In addition to this rare case, direct lightning may also cause flashover (in the case of shield failure) and back flashover. In this case, the most obvious effect is a voltage sag or permanent power outage. And during the flashover, the insulation performance of the network components will degrade. The weakening of insulation strength is actually a hidden danger that needs to be discovered as early as possible and eliminated through routine maintenance.

[0004] Therefore, accurately locating the lightning fault point is crucial to power supply safety. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the embodiments of the present application provide a method, device, electronic device and storage medium for locating lightning faults in power transmission lines, which can accurately locate lightning fault points and ensure power supply safety.

[0006] A first aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a method for locating a lightning fault in a power transmission line, comprising:

[0007] Obtain transient voltage data after a transmission line is directly struck by lightning;

[0008] defining a set of possible fault locations based on historical fault data;

[0009] Convert transient voltage into transient current;

[0010] Reversely injecting the transient current from the same observation point into a simulation model of the power transmission system to simulate the transverse branch current at each possible fault location;

[0011] The time domain similarity between the transient current and the transverse branch current at each possible fault location is calculated, and the fault location with the highest similarity is determined as the lightning fault location.

[0012] The embodiment of the present application ensures the accuracy and real-time performance of the data used by obtaining transient voltage data after a direct lightning strike. A set of possible fault locations is defined based on historical fault data, providing a reasonable range of assumptions for subsequent simulations. The transient voltage is converted into a transient current and reversely injected into the simulation model from the same observation point to ensure the correct propagation path of the signal in the simulation. By calculating the time domain similarity to determine the fault location and output it, the simulated location closest to the actual fault location can be effectively identified, thereby improving positioning accuracy and reliability. The present application only needs to install one measurement point in the main substation to achieve fault location, and its performance is insensitive to system complexity and configuration. At the same time, this method is not only applicable to lossless systems, but also to lossy transmission lines. For lossy media, both the reverse loss model and the lossy reverse propagation model can achieve accurate fault location.

[0013] In one embodiment, the obtaining of the transient voltage signal after the transmission line is directly struck by lightning includes obtaining transient voltage data measured at a given observation point after the transmission line is directly struck by lightning.

[0014] The embodiment of the present application obtains the transient voltage data measured at a given observation point, thereby ensuring the clarity and consistency of the data source and avoiding the errors caused by different observation points. By processing the data at a specific observation point, the data quality of the input simulation can be better controlled, thereby improving the accuracy of the entire positioning system. In addition, the use of fixed observation points can also simplify the data collection and processing process, facilitate standardized operations, and improve work efficiency.

[0015] In one embodiment, converting the transient voltage into the transient current includes performing time reversal processing on the transient voltage to obtain the transient current.

[0016] The embodiment of the present application converts transient voltage into transient current through time reversal, so that the current signal of the reverse injection simulation model is closer to the actual situation.

[0017] In one embodiment, calculating the time domain similarity between the transient current and the transverse branch current at each possible fault location, and determining the fault location with the highest similarity as the lightning fault location, includes:

[0018] Sampling the transient current to obtain a transient current signal sequence, sampling the transverse branch current to obtain a transverse branch current sequence;

[0019] Calculating a maximum value index of a cross-correlation sequence between the transient current signal sequence and the transverse branch current sequence at each possible fault location;

[0020] The fault position corresponding to the largest one among the maximum value indicators of the mutual correlation sequences is taken as the fault position with the highest similarity, and is determined as the lightning fault position.

[0021] The embodiment of the present application samples the signal sequence and calculates the maximum index of the mutual correlation sequence. Through discretization processing, the complex time-continuous signal is transformed into a discrete signal sequence that is easy to process, which greatly simplifies the calculation process. The maximum index of the mutual correlation sequence is used as a quantitative standard to measure the similarity between two signals, so that the determination of the fault location is more accurate. The most likely fault location can be determined efficiently, which significantly improves the speed and accuracy of fault location.

[0022] In one embodiment, the calculation formula of the maximum value index of the mutual correlation sequence is:

[0023]

[0024] Where, k = 0, 1, 2, ..., K; l = 0, ± 1, ± 2, ..., ± (K-1); is the time window; Δt is the time sampling interval; K is the time window The number of time sampling periods included; k is an integer variable used to index a specific sampling point in the discrete time signal; is the maximum value index of the cross-correlation sequence for each possible fault location; x G is a set of possible fault locations defined; ψ(x G ,kl) represents the relationship between ψ(x G ,k) is the signal sequence after |l sampling points are shifted on the time axis; φ(k) is the transient current signal sequence; ψ(x G , k) is the transverse branch current sequence; l is the temporal shift of the signal.

[0025] The embodiment of the present application ensures the rigor and repeatability of the calculation process by introducing parameters such as time window, time sampling interval, signal shift, etc., ensures the accuracy of the calculation, and provides a reliable basis for the subsequent fault location determination. In this way, the slight difference between the transient current and the lateral branch current can be captured more finely, thereby improving the accuracy of fault location.

[0026] A second aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a transmission line lightning fault location device, comprising:

[0027] A data acquisition module is used to acquire transient voltage data of a transmission line after it is directly struck by lightning;

[0028] A fault location definition module, used to define a set of possible fault locations based on historical fault data;

[0029] A conversion module, used for converting transient voltage into transient current;

[0030] A transverse branch current calculation module, used for reversely injecting the transient current from the same observation point into the simulation model of the power transmission system to simulate the transverse branch current at each possible fault location;

[0031] The fault location determination module is used to calculate the time domain similarity between the transient current and the transverse branch current at each possible fault location, and determine the fault location with the highest similarity as the lightning fault location.

[0032] A third aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, comprising a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the electronic device implements the method for analyzing the lightning resistance level of a transmission tower as provided in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application.

[0033] A fourth aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method described in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application is implemented.

[0034] The first aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a method for locating lightning faults in power transmission lines, which ensures the accuracy and real-time performance of the data used by obtaining transient voltage data after being directly struck by lightning. A set of possible fault locations is defined based on historical fault data, providing a reasonable range of assumptions for subsequent simulations. The transient voltage is converted into a transient current and reversely injected into the simulation model from the same observation point to ensure the correct propagation path of the signal in the simulation. By calculating the time domain similarity to determine the fault location and output it, the simulated location closest to the actual fault location can be effectively identified, thereby improving the positioning accuracy and reliability. The present application only needs to install one measurement point in the main substation to achieve fault location, and its performance is insensitive to system complexity and configuration. At the same time, the method is not only applicable to lossless systems, but also to lossy transmission lines. For lossy media, both the reverse loss model and the lossy reverse propagation model can achieve accurate fault location.

[0035] It can be understood that the beneficial effects of the second to fourth aspects mentioned above can be found in the relevant description of the first aspect mentioned above, and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for locating a lightning fault in a power transmission line provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of a method for locating a lightning fault in a power transmission line provided by another embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of a method for locating a lightning fault in a power transmission line provided by another embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a transmission line lightning fault locating device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In the following description, specific details such as specific system structures, technologies, etc. are provided for the purpose of illustration rather than limitation, so as to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present application. However, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that the present application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other cases, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted to prevent unnecessary details from obstructing the description of the present application.

[0043] It should be understood that when used in the present specification and the appended claims, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of described features, wholes, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0044] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" etc. described in the specification of this application mean that one or more embodiments of the present application include specific features, structures or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment. Therefore, the statements "in one embodiment", "in some embodiments", "in some other embodiments", "in some other embodiments", etc. that appear in different places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but mean "one or more but not all embodiments", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in other ways. The terms "including", "comprising", "having" and their variations all mean "including but not limited to", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in other ways.

[0045] The transmission line lightning fault location provided by the embodiment of the present application can be executed by the processor of the electronic device when running a computer program with corresponding functions. By obtaining the transient voltage data after being directly struck by lightning, the accuracy and real-time performance of the data used are ensured. A set of possible fault locations is defined to provide a reasonable range of assumptions for subsequent simulations. The transient voltage is converted into a transient current and reversely injected into the simulation model from the same observation point to ensure the correct propagation path of the signal in the simulation. The fault location is determined and output by calculating the time domain similarity, and the simulated location closest to the actual fault location can be effectively identified, thereby improving the positioning accuracy and reliability. The present application only needs to install a measurement point in the main substation to achieve fault location, and its performance is insensitive to system complexity and configuration. At the same time, the method is not only applicable to lossless systems, but also to lossy transmission lines. For lossy media, both the reverse loss model and the lossy reverse propagation model can achieve accurate fault location.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, the method for locating a lightning fault in a power transmission line provided in an embodiment of the present application includes the following steps S101 to S105:

[0047] Step S101: Obtain transient voltage data after a transmission line is directly struck by lightning.

[0048] In the application, a given observation point can be a distributed measurement system installed on the secondary winding of a transformer in a substation feeding a transmission line. Transient voltage data of a transmission line after a direct lightning strike is collected at a given observation point by high-precision measurement equipment (such as a high-speed digital oscilloscope or an electromagnetic transient recorder). These devices can capture high-frequency transient voltage signals generated at the moment of lightning strike at a very high sampling rate (e.g., millions of samples per second). In order to ensure the integrity and accuracy of the data, observation points are usually set at multiple key locations and the data is recorded synchronously. In addition, the collected data can be preliminarily processed, such as filtering and denoising, to eliminate possible interference signals and ensure the reliability of subsequent analysis.

[0049] Step S102: define a group of possible fault locations based on historical fault data.

[0050] In the application, based on the specific topological structure of the transmission line and historical fault data, a set of possible fault locations xG = {xg|xg,1,xg,2,…,xf,…} is defined, where x g For each guessed lightning strike or flashover location, a set of possible fault locations includes the actual fault location (i.e. x = x f ). This set of locations includes but is not limited to towers, substation entrances, and other potential fault hotspots that are known to be susceptible to lightning strikes. To improve positioning accuracy, geographic information systems (GIS) and meteorological data can also be combined to predict areas with a higher probability of lightning strikes. Each possible fault location is assigned a unique identifier for easy reference in subsequent calculations. In addition, depending on the length and complexity of the transmission line, the entire line can be divided into several sections, with multiple possible fault locations set for each section to cover all potential fault points.

[0051] Step S103: convert the transient voltage into transient current.

[0052] In the application, the transient voltage signal can be first time-reversed to point from the future to the past, simulating the reverse propagation process of the lightning event. Then, the transient current signal is calculated using the Norton equivalent impedance. This conversion process not only takes into account the electrical characteristics of the actual line, but also ensures the physical consistency when the simulation model is injected in reverse. In addition, for multi-phase systems, the voltage and current signals of each phase conductor can be processed separately to ensure that the relationship between the phases is accurate.

[0053] Step S104: reversely inject the transient current from the same observation point into the simulation model of the power transmission system to simulate the transverse branch current at each possible fault location.

[0054] In the application, the transient current signal obtained in step S103 is reversely injected from the same observation point into the electromagnetic transient simulation model of the power transmission system. The simulation model can simulate the behavior of the transmission line and its components (such as conductors, towers, substations, etc.) under electromagnetic transient conditions. The simulation model can solve Maxwell's equations by numerical methods (such as finite difference method or finite element method) to accurately describe the forward and reverse propagation characteristics of electromagnetic waves on the transmission line. After the reverse-injected transient current signal passes through the simulation model, a transverse branch current signal at each possible fault location is generated. These signals reflect what would happen if a lightning strike or flashover occurs at x G The situation of current propagation along the transmission line when the position is .

[0055] Step S105: Calculate the time domain similarity between the transient current and the transverse branch current at each possible fault location, and determine the fault location with the highest similarity as the lightning fault location.

[0056] The embodiment of the present application ensures the accuracy and real-time performance of the data used by obtaining transient voltage data after a direct lightning strike. A set of possible fault locations is defined to provide a reasonable range of assumptions for subsequent simulations. The transient voltage is converted into a transient current and reversely injected into the simulation model from the same observation point to ensure the correct propagation path of the signal in the simulation. By calculating the time domain similarity to determine the fault location and output it, the simulated location closest to the actual fault location can be effectively identified, thereby improving the positioning accuracy and reliability. The present application only needs to install one measurement point in the main substation to achieve fault location, and its performance is insensitive to system complexity and configuration. At the same time, this method is not only applicable to lossless systems, but also to lossy transmission lines. For lossy media, both the reverse loss model and the lossy reverse propagation model can achieve accurate fault location.

[0057] In one embodiment, obtaining a transient voltage signal after a transmission line is directly struck by lightning includes obtaining transient voltage data measured at a given observation point after the transmission line is directly struck by lightning.

[0058] In the application, the transient voltage measured at a given observation point (a distributed measurement system installed on the secondary winding of the transformer at the transmission line feeding substation) is obtained from the moment of triggering after the transmission line is directly struck by lightning:

[0059]

[0060] Where T is the recorded transient voltage The time window, t trigger It is the triggering moment after the transmission line is struck by direct lightning. The observation point is located at one terminal of the network, which is usually assumed to be the origin of the spatial coordinate system (i.e. the subscript "0" of the observed voltage in the above formula).

[0061] The embodiment of the present application obtains the transient voltage data measured at a given observation point, thereby ensuring the clarity and consistency of the data source and avoiding the errors caused by different observation points. By processing the data at a specific observation point, the data quality of the input simulation can be better controlled, thereby improving the accuracy of the entire positioning system. In addition, the use of fixed observation points can also simplify the data collection and processing process, facilitate standardized operations, and improve work efficiency.

[0062] In one embodiment, converting the transient voltage into the transient current includes performing a time reversal process on the transient voltage to obtain the transient current.

[0063] In the application, first, in the time window The high-frequency transient voltage is extracted by appropriate filtering (i.e. removing the steady-state power frequency component) and time-reversed to:

[0064]

[0065] In the formula, is the high-frequency transient voltage extracted after filtering, is the time window for extraction.

[0066] Then, the Norton equivalent is applied to convert the transient voltage signal into a transient current signal:

[0067]

[0068] Where Z0 is the input impedance of the terminal (transformer), which is assumed to be high impedance. is the transient voltage signal after filtering and time reversal.

[0069] Finally, by placing the current The numerical model of the network is back-injected from the observation point to simulate the current flowing through the transverse branch, which is located at x G Each predetermined position in .

[0070] The embodiment of the present application converts transient voltage into transient current through time reversal, so that the current signal of the reverse injection simulation model is closer to the actual situation.

[0071] In one embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, step S105 includes the following steps S201 to S203:

[0072] Step S201: sampling the transient current to obtain a transient current signal sequence, and sampling the transverse branch current to obtain a transverse branch current sequence.

[0073] In the application, Sampling is performed with a period of Δt, that is, Get the transverse branch current sequence φ(k); Sampling is performed with a period of Δt, that is, Get the transient current signal sequence ψ(x G ,k).

[0074] in, k=0,1,2,…,K; l=0,±1,±2,…,±(K-1); is the time window; Δt is the time sampling interval; K is the time window The number of time sampling periods included; k is an integer variable used to index a specific sampling point in the discrete time signal; It represents transient current, and the additional subscript "ph" indicates the phase conductor; Represents the transverse branch current.

[0075] Step S202: Calculate a maximum value index of a cross-correlation sequence between a transient current signal sequence and a transverse branch current sequence at each possible fault location.

[0076] In the application, the calculation formula of the maximum value index of the cross-correlation sequence is:

[0077]

[0078] Where, l = 0, ±1, ±2, ..., ±(K-1); is the time window; Δt is the time sampling interval; K is the time window The number of time sampling periods included; k is an integer variable used to index a specific sampling point in the discrete time signal; is the maximum value index of the cross-correlation sequence for each possible fault location; x G is a set of possible fault locations defined; ψ(x G ,kl) represents the relationship between ψ(x G ,k) is the signal sequence after |l| sampling points are shifted on the time axis; φ(k) is the transient current signal sequence; ψ(x G , k) is the transverse branch current sequence; l is the temporal shift of the signal.

[0079] Step S203: The fault position corresponding to the largest one among the maximum value indicators of the mutual correlation sequences is taken as the fault position with the highest similarity, and is determined as the lightning fault position.

[0080] In the application, according to the formula Calculate the fault location x f , the fault location x f The lightning fault location is determined and output.

[0081] The embodiment of the present application samples the signal sequence and calculates the maximum index of the mutual correlation sequence. Through discretization processing, the complex time-continuous signal is transformed into a discrete signal sequence that is easy to process, which greatly simplifies the calculation process. The maximum index of the mutual correlation sequence is used as a quantitative standard to measure the similarity between the two signals, so that the determination of the fault location is more accurate. The most likely fault location can be determined efficiently, significantly improving the speed and accuracy of fault location. By introducing parameters such as time window, time sampling interval, and signal shift, the rigor and repeatability of the calculation process are ensured, the accuracy of the calculation is guaranteed, and a reliable basis is provided for the subsequent determination of the fault location. In this way, the slight difference between the transient current and the lateral branch current can be captured more finely, thereby improving the accuracy of fault location.

[0082] The present application also provides a method for locating a lightning fault in a power transmission line. Figure 3 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0083] Step S1, obtaining the transient voltage measured at a given observation point (a distributed measurement system installed on the secondary winding of the transformer of the transmission line feeding substation) from the moment of triggering after the transmission line is directly struck by lightning:

[0084]

[0085] Step S2, defining a set of guessed lightning strike or flashover locations (GFLs):

[0086] x G ={x g |x g,1 ,x g,2 ,…,x f ,…}.

[0087] Step S3: In the time window The high-frequency transient voltage is extracted by appropriate filtering (i.e. removing the steady-state power frequency component) and time-reversed to:

[0088]

[0089] Step S4: Apply Norton equivalent to convert the transient voltage signal into a transient current signal:

[0090]

[0091] Step S5: By The numerical model of the network is back-injected from the observation point to simulate the current flowing through the transverse branch, which is located at x G Each predetermined position in .

[0092] Step S6, calculate the MCCS index (i.e., the maximum value index of the mutual correlation sequence):

[0093]

[0094] Step S7: at the estimated lightning and flash locations (GFLs) x G In, x f The most likely position is:

[0095]

[0096] Step S8: Output the lightning strike or flashover distance measurement result x f .

[0097] It should be understood that the size of the serial numbers of the steps in the above embodiments does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0098] The present application also provides a power transmission line lightning fault location device, which is used to perform the steps in the above power transmission line lightning fault location method embodiment. The power transmission line lightning fault location device can be a virtual appliance in an electronic device, which is run by a processor of the electronic device, or it can be the electronic device itself.

[0099] like Figure 4 As shown, a transmission line lightning fault location device 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application includes:

[0100] The data acquisition module 101 is used to acquire transient voltage data of a power transmission line after it is directly struck by lightning;

[0101] A fault location definition module 102, for defining a set of possible fault locations based on historical fault data;

[0102] The conversion module 103 is used to convert the transient voltage into the transient current;

[0103] A transverse branch current calculation module 104 is used to reversely inject the transient current from the same observation point into the simulation model of the power transmission system to simulate the transverse branch current at each possible fault location;

[0104] The fault location determination module 105 is used to calculate the time domain similarity between the transient current and the transverse branch current at each possible fault location, and determine the fault location with the highest similarity as the lightning fault location.

[0105] The data acquisition module is also used to obtain transient voltage data measured at a given observation point after the transmission line is directly struck by lightning.

[0106] In one embodiment, the conversion module is further used to perform time reversal processing on the transient voltage to obtain the transient current.

[0107] In one embodiment, the fault location determination module is further configured to:

[0108] Sampling the transient current to obtain a transient current signal sequence, sampling the transverse branch current to obtain a transverse branch current sequence;

[0109] Calculate the maximum value index of the cross-correlation sequence between the transient current signal sequence and the transverse branch current sequence at each possible fault position;

[0110] The fault position corresponding to the largest one among the maximum value indicators of the mutual correlation sequence is taken as the fault position with the highest similarity and is determined as the lightning fault position.

[0111] In one embodiment, the calculation formula of the maximum value index of the mutual correlation sequence is:

[0112]

[0113] Where, k = 0, 1, 2, ..., K; l = 0, ± 1, ± 2, ..., ± (K-1); is the time window; Δt is the time sampling interval; K is the time window The number of time sampling periods included; k is an integer variable used to index a specific sampling point in the discrete time signal; is the maximum value index of the cross-correlation sequence for each possible fault location; x G is a set of possible fault locations defined; ψ(x G ,kl) represents the relationship between ψ(x G ,k) is the signal sequence after |l sampling points are shifted on the time axis; φ(k) is the transient current signal sequence; ψ(x G , k) is the transverse branch current sequence; l is the temporal shift of the signal.

[0114] In one embodiment, the fault position corresponding to the largest one among the maximum value indicators of the mutual correlation sequences is taken as the fault position with the highest similarity, and is determined as the lightning fault position, including:

[0115] According to the formula Calculate the fault location x f , the fault location x f The fault location was determined to be a lightning strike.

[0116] In application, each module in the transmission line lightning fault locating device may be a software program module, or may be implemented by different logic circuits integrated in a processor, or may be implemented by multiple distributed processors.

[0117] like Figure 5 As shown, the embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device 200, including: at least one processor 201 ( Figure 5 Only one processor is shown in the figure), a memory 202, and a computer program 203 stored in the memory 202 and executable on at least one processor 201, wherein the processor 201 implements the steps in the above-mentioned various method embodiments when executing the computer program 203.

[0118] In applications, the electronic device may include, but is not limited to, a processor and a memory.

[0119] In applications, the processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor, etc.

[0120] In application, the memory may be an internal storage unit of an electronic device in some embodiments, such as a hard disk or memory of the electronic device. The memory may also be an external storage device of the electronic device in other embodiments, such as a plug-in hard disk, a smart memory card (Smart Media Card, SMC), a secure digital (SecureDigital, SD) card, a flash card (Flash Card), etc. equipped on the electronic device. Further, the memory may also include both an internal storage unit of the electronic device and an external storage device. The memory is used to store an operating system, an application program, a boot loader (BootLoader), data, and other programs, such as program code of a computer program, etc. The memory may also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.

[0121] It should be noted that the information interaction, execution process, etc. between the above-mentioned devices / units are based on the same concept as the method embodiment of the present application. Their specific functions and technical effects can be found in the method embodiment part and will not be repeated here.

[0122] The technicians in the relevant field can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, only the division of the above-mentioned functional units and modules is used as an example for illustration. In practical applications, the above-mentioned function allocation can be completed by different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiment can be integrated in a processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units. In addition, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for the convenience of distinguishing each other, and are not used to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above-mentioned system can refer to the corresponding process in the aforementioned method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0123] The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in the above-mentioned method embodiments can be implemented.

[0124] An embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, including a computer program. When the computer program product runs on an electronic device, the electronic device can implement the steps in the above-mentioned method embodiments when executing the computer program product.

[0125] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the present application implements all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment method, which can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program, and the computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps of the above-mentioned various method embodiments can be implemented. Among them, the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code can be in source code form, object code form, executable file or some intermediate form. The computer-readable medium may at least include: any entity or device that can carry the computer program code to the device / electronic device, a recording medium, a computer memory, a read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), a random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), an electric carrier signal, a telecommunication signal, and a software distribution medium. For example, a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a magnetic disk or an optical disk. In some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, computer-readable media cannot be electric carrier signals and telecommunication signals.

[0126] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described or recorded in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0127] Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0128] In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic, for example, the division of modules or units is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0129] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0130] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and should all be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for locating lightning faults in power transmission lines, characterized in that: include: Obtain transient voltage data after a transmission line is directly struck by lightning; defining a set of possible fault locations based on historical fault data; Convert transient voltage into transient current; Reversely injecting the transient current from the same observation point into a simulation model of the power transmission system to simulate the transverse branch current at each possible fault location; The time domain similarity between the transient current and the transverse branch current at each possible fault location is calculated, and the fault location with the highest similarity is determined as the lightning fault location.

2. The method for locating a lightning fault in a power transmission line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The obtaining of the transient voltage signal after the transmission line is directly struck by lightning comprises obtaining transient voltage data measured at a given observation point after the transmission line is directly struck by lightning.

3. The method for locating a lightning fault in a power transmission line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The converting of the transient voltage into the transient current includes performing time reversal processing on the transient voltage to obtain the transient current.

4. The method for locating a lightning fault in a power transmission line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculating the time domain similarity between the transient current and the transverse branch current at each possible fault location, and determining the fault location with the highest similarity as the lightning fault location, comprises: Sampling the transient current to obtain a transient current signal sequence, sampling the transverse branch current to obtain a transverse branch current sequence; Calculating a maximum value index of a cross-correlation sequence between the transient current signal sequence and the transverse branch current sequence at each possible fault location; The fault position corresponding to the largest one among the maximum value indicators of the mutual correlation sequences is taken as the fault position with the highest similarity, and is determined as the lightning fault position.

5. The method for locating a lightning fault in a power transmission line according to claim 4, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the maximum value index of the cross-correlation sequence is: Where, k = 0, 1, 2, ..., K; l = 0, ± 1, ± 2, ..., ± (K-1); is the time window; Δt is the time sampling interval; K is the time window The number of time sampling periods included; k is an integer variable used to index a specific sampling point in the discrete time signal; is the maximum value index of the cross-correlation sequence for each possible fault location; xG is a set of possible fault locations defined; ψ(x G ,kl) represents the relationship between ψ(x G ,k) is the signal sequence after |l sampling points are shifted on the time axis; φ(k) is the transient current signal sequence; ψ(x G , k) is the transverse branch current sequence; l is the temporal shift of the signal.

6. The method for locating a lightning fault in a power transmission line according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method of taking the fault position corresponding to the largest one of the maximum value indicators of the mutual correlation sequences as the fault position with the highest similarity and determining it as the lightning fault position includes: According to the formula Calculate the fault location x f , the fault location x f The lightning fault location is determined.

7. A transmission line lightning fault location device, characterized in that: include: A data acquisition module is used to acquire transient voltage data of a transmission line after it is directly struck by lightning; A fault location definition module, used to define a set of possible fault locations based on historical fault data; A conversion module, used for converting transient voltage into transient current; A transverse branch current calculation module, used for reversely injecting the transient current from the same observation point into the simulation model of the power transmission system to simulate the transverse branch current at each possible fault location; The fault location determination module is used to calculate the time domain similarity between the transient current and the transverse branch current at each possible fault location, and determine the fault location with the highest similarity as the lightning fault location.

8. The transmission line lightning fault location device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The data acquisition module is also used to acquire transient voltage data measured at a given observation point after the transmission line is directly struck by lightning.

9. The transmission line lightning fault location device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The conversion module is also used to perform time reversal processing on the transient voltage to obtain the transient current.

10. The transmission line lightning fault location device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fault location determination module is further used for: Sampling the transient current to obtain a transient current signal sequence, sampling the transverse branch current to obtain a transverse branch current sequence; Calculating a maximum value index of a cross-correlation sequence between the transient current signal sequence and the transverse branch current sequence at each possible fault location; The fault position corresponding to the largest one among the maximum value indicators of the mutual correlation sequences is taken as the fault position with the highest similarity, and is determined as the lightning fault position.

11. The transmission line lightning fault location device according to claim 10, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the maximum value index of the cross-correlation sequence is: Where, k = 0, 1, 2, ..., K; l = 0, ± 1, ± 2, ..., ± (K-1); is the time window; Δt is the time sampling interval; K is the time window The number of time sampling periods included; k is an integer variable used to index a specific sampling point in the discrete time signal; is the maximum value index of the cross-correlation sequence for each possible fault location; x G is a set of possible fault locations defined; ψ(x G ,kl) represents the relationship between ψ(x G ,k) is the signal sequence after |l sampling points are shifted on the time axis; φ(k) is the transient current signal sequence; ψ(x G , k) is the transverse branch current sequence; l is the temporal shift of the signal.

12. The transmission line lightning fault location device according to claim 11, characterized in that: The method of taking the fault position corresponding to the largest one of the maximum value indicators of the mutual correlation sequences as the fault position with the highest similarity and determining it as the lightning fault position includes: According to the formula Calculate the fault location x f , the fault location x f The lightning fault location is determined.

13. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, the electronic device implements the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6.

14. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

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