High-precision real-time distance calculation method based on double-optical-comb laser ranging system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of laser ranging, in particular to a high-precision real-time distance calculation method based on a double-optical-comb laser ranging system. The high-precision real-time distance calculation method based on the double-optical-comb laser ranging system comprises the following steps: generating a double-optical-comb laser signal: generating the double-optical-comb laser signal by using a nonlinear optical effect, and dividing the double-optical-comb laser signal into two beams of light through an optical element for transmitting and receiving respectively; and transmitting the light signal: transmitting the transmitted light beam to a target object through an optical fiber or a free space. According to the invention, by adopting the double-optical-comb laser signals and combining real-time calculation of phase difference and frequency information, the distance measurement precision is obviously improved, the measurement precision of a submillimeter level can be achieved, and meanwhile, through real-time signal processing and a dynamic feedback mechanism, measurement requirements under different environmental conditions can be rapidly adapted; the timeliness and accuracy of a measurement result are ensured, and the dynamic measurement requirement is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of laser distance measurement, and in particular to a high-precision real-time distance calculation method based on a dual-optical comb laser distance measurement system. Background Art

[0002] Laser ranging uses laser as a light source to measure distance. With the rapid development of science and technology, the requirements for laser ranging technology in terms of measurement accuracy, real-time performance and application scope are constantly increasing. Traditional laser ranging methods have disadvantages such as insufficient measurement accuracy, great environmental influence, and poor real-time performance, which cannot meet the needs of high-precision and high-speed measurement. Dual-comb laser technology has gradually become a research hotspot for high-precision ranging due to its superior frequency stability and wide bandwidth characteristics. Dual-comb laser systems can achieve higher measurement accuracy and faster response speeds by generating light waves of multiple frequencies.

[0003] In the prior art, although there are a variety of laser ranging systems, they often rely on a single light source or a laser with a fixed frequency, making it difficult to achieve high-precision real-time distance measurement in complex environments. At the same time, their real-time data processing capabilities are insufficient and their adaptability to environmental changes is poor.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new distance measurement method that can fully utilize the advantages of dual-comb lasers, overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, and achieve high-precision, real-time distance calculation. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-precision real-time distance calculation method based on a dual-comb laser ranging system to solve the problem that the traditional laser ranging method proposed in the above background technology often relies on a single light source or a laser with a fixed frequency, and it is difficult to achieve high-precision real-time distance measurement in a complex environment.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a high-precision real-time distance calculation method based on a dual-comb laser ranging system, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Generate dual-comb laser signal: Generate dual-comb laser signal by using nonlinear optical effect, and divide it into two beams through optical elements, one for transmission and the other for reception;

[0008] S2, transmitting optical signal: transmitting the transmitting light beam to the target object through optical fiber or free space;

[0009] S3, receiving reflected light signal: using a photodetector to receive the light signal reflected from the target object and record its intensity and phase information;

[0010] S4, real-time signal processing: using frequency domain analysis method, fast Fourier transform is performed on the received optical signal to extract phase difference and frequency information;

[0011] S5, distance calculation: according to the phase difference and frequency information, combined with the known speed of light, calculate the real-time distance of the target object;

[0012] S6. Dynamically adjust the emission frequency: dynamically adjust the laser emission frequency by real-time monitoring of environmental factors;

[0013] S7, data fusion and output: The calculated distance information is fused with other sensor data and output to the user terminal or control system in real time.

[0014] As a further improvement of the technical solution, the specific operation steps of generating the dual-comb laser signal in step S1 are:

[0015] S11. Select a laser source: a titanium sapphire laser or a fiber laser;

[0016] S12, configuring a nonlinear optical element: using a nonlinear optical crystal to transmit a laser beam into the crystal, thereby initiating a difference frequency generation process;

[0017] S13, generating dual optical comb signals: converting the input laser signal into multiple coherent laser frequency modes through self-interaction and nonlinear effects;

[0018] S14, beam splitting processing: the generated dual-comb laser signal is split into two beams by an optical beam splitter, one for transmission and the other for reception.

[0019] As a further improvement of the technical solution, the specific operation steps of emitting the optical signal in step S2 are:

[0020] S21, select the emission optical system: select a focusing lens for the emission light beam to ensure that the laser beam is focused on the target object;

[0021] S22. Set the optical fiber or free space transmission path: If using optical fiber, ensure that the end of the optical fiber is well connected to the transmission end. If using free space, ensure that there are no obstacles in the transmission path and the light beam is calibrated.

[0022] As a further improvement of the technical solution, the specific operation steps of receiving the reflected light signal in step S3 are:

[0023] S31. Select photodetector: APD or superconducting single photon detector;

[0024] S32, setting up a receiving optical system: similarly using a focusing lens to focus the reflected light signal to ensure that as much light as possible is received;

[0025] S33, signal recording: establish a signal acquisition system to record the intensity and phase information of the received optical signal in the form of digital signals on a high-speed data acquisition card.

[0026] As a further improvement of the technical solution, the specific operation steps of the real-time signal processing in step S4 are:

[0027] S41, signal preprocessing: performing denoising on the collected optical signal;

[0028] S42, fast Fourier transform processing: using the FFT algorithm, converting the time domain signal into a frequency domain signal to obtain the frequency component of the signal;

[0029] S43, extracting phase difference and frequency information: extracting the phase information and frequency characteristics of the coherent signal from the FFT result, and calculating the phase difference of the optical signal.

[0030] As a further improvement of the technical solution, the specific operation steps of the signal preprocessing in step S41 are:

[0031] S411, noise removal: according to the predefined noise standard or environmental noise level, a signal threshold is set to identify and remove the background noise in the signal, and a mean filter is applied to smooth the signal to remove the rapidly fluctuating noise. The size of the filter window can be set to balance the relationship between signal detail retention and noise removal;

[0032] S412, bandpass filtering: according to the frequency characteristics of the system, a bandpass filter is selected, and its passband frequency range is set to allow effective frequency components of the signal to pass through, the collected signal is input into the bandpass filter, and a clear signal after filtering is output;

[0033] S413, signal normalization: normalizing the denoised and filtered signal by subtracting the minimum value of each signal value and then dividing it by its range (maximum value - minimum value) to ensure that the signal amplitude is within a certain range;

[0034] S414, time domain analysis: Display the time domain waveform of the preprocessed signal to check whether there are abnormal fluctuations or obvious defects, and readjust the acquisition parameters or filtering parameters if necessary.

[0035] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, the specific operation steps of the fast Fourier transform processing in step S41 are:

[0036] S421, select FFT parameters: select an appropriate number of FFT points according to the length of the processed signal, usually a power of 2, and select a window function;

[0037] S422, applying a window function: multiplying the selected window function by the preprocessed signal, and performing weighted processing on the signal before transformation;

[0038] S423, executing FFT: using the FFT function in a programming language to transform the signal processed by the window function to obtain its frequency domain representation;

[0039] S424, calculate frequency axis: confirm signal sampling frequency f s The frequency axis is 1kHz, and the frequency axis is calculated according to the number of FFT points. Each item of the frequency axis can be calculated by the following formula:

[0040]

[0041] Where, is the k index (0 to N-1), and N is the number of FFT points;

[0042] S425, extracting the frequency components of the coherent signal: calculating the amplitude (amplitude spectrum) of each frequency component in the frequency domain and the phase (phase spectrum) of each frequency component;

[0043] S426. Result visualization: Plot the calculated amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum into a graph.

[0044] As a further improvement of the technical solution, the specific operation steps of distance calculation in step S5 are:

[0045] S51. Establish a distance calculation model: Based on the relationship between the speed of light c and the phase difference ΔΦ, use the formula Calculate, where Δt represents the round trip delay time of the signal;

[0046] S52, perform distance calculation: calculate the position of the target and determine the actual distance through phase difference and frequency information.

[0047] As a further improvement of the technical solution, the specific operation steps of dynamically adjusting the transmission frequency in step S6 are:

[0048] S61. Configure environmental monitoring equipment: set temperature, humidity, and air pressure sensors to obtain environmental parameters in real time;

[0049] S62, Real-time data analysis: Design real-time monitoring software and hardware, including temperature sensors and humidity sensors, to combine the acquired environmental data with the emission characteristics of the laser system;

[0050] S63, dynamic adjustment system: adjust the working state of the laser transmitter according to the sensor feedback.

[0051] As a further improvement of the technical solution, the specific operation steps of data fusion and output in step S7 are:

[0052] S71, establishing a data fusion algorithm: selecting a Kalman filter data processing algorithm to merge ranging information from different sensors;

[0053] S72, designing an output interface: selecting a communication protocol to transmit the calculated distance information to a user terminal or a control system;

[0054] S73. Real-time user interface display: Develop a user interface, including a PC or mobile device application, to display real-time distance measurement results and related information.

[0055] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0056] 1. In this high-precision real-time distance calculation method based on the dual-comb laser ranging system, the ranging accuracy is significantly improved by using dual-comb laser signals combined with real-time calculation of phase difference and frequency information, and can achieve sub-millimeter measurement accuracy. At the same time, through real-time signal processing and dynamic feedback mechanism, it can quickly adapt to measurement needs under different environmental conditions, ensure the timeliness and accuracy of measurement results, and meet dynamic measurement needs.

[0057] 2. In the high-precision real-time distance calculation method based on the dual-comb laser ranging system, by dynamically adjusting the laser emission frequency and real-time monitoring of environmental factors, the method can adapt to measurements under different environmental conditions and ensure the reliability of the measurement results.

[0058] 3. In the high-precision real-time distance calculation method based on the dual-comb laser ranging system, by fusing the calculated distance information with other sensor data, it can effectively suppress environmental noise and interference signals, improve the stability of measurement, and output the fused data to the user terminal or control system in real time, which can ensure the integrity and accuracy of the information. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the steps of the high-precision real-time distance calculation method based on the dual-comb laser ranging system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0061] In a specific embodiment, Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides a high-precision real-time distance calculation method based on a dual-comb laser ranging system, comprising the following steps:

[0062] The first step is to generate dual-comb laser signals: nonlinear optical effects are used to generate dual-comb laser signals, which are then divided into two beams through optical elements, one for transmission and the other for reception.

[0063] Select laser source:

[0064] 1. Laser type - Select a suitable laser, usually a laser with high power and broadband, such as a titanium sapphire laser or a fiber laser.

[0065] 2. Laser characteristics: Ensure that the laser has good frequency stability and coherence for subsequent dual-comb generation.

[0066] Configure nonlinear optical elements:

[0067] 1. Select nonlinear optical crystals - Select suitable nonlinear optical materials (such as lithium niobate, KTP or BBO) that can effectively perform difference frequency generation (DFG) or four-wave mixing (FWM).

[0068] 2. Crystal parameters: Ensure that the phase matching conditions of the selected crystal are met to improve the efficiency of light comb generation.

[0069] Generate dual-comb signal:

[0070] 1. Stimulate nonlinear process - introduce the laser beam into the nonlinear optical crystal to stimulate the nonlinear effect, generate optical signals with multiple coherent frequencies, and form a dual optical comb.

[0071] 2. Optical comb characteristics: Ensure that the generated dual optical comb signals have uniform frequency spacing and good coherence for subsequent ranging applications.

[0072] Beam splitting:

[0073] 1. Use a beam splitter: Split the generated dual-comb laser signal into two beams using an optical beam splitter (such as a semi-transparent lens or a beam splitter).

[0074] 2. Transmit beam - a beam of light is used to transmit to the target object.

[0075] 3. Receive beam - Another beam of light is used to receive the reflected signal, which usually needs to be modulated and processed by appropriate optical components.

[0076] The second step is to transmit the optical signal: transmit the transmitting light beam to the target object through optical fiber or free space.

[0077] Select the transmit optics: Select a focusing lens for the transmit beam to ensure that the laser beam is focused on the target object and to reduce signal scatter.

[0078] Set up the fiber or free space launch path: If using fiber, make sure the fiber end is well connected to the launch end. If using free space, make sure there are no obstacles in the launch path and the beam is aligned.

[0079] Step 3: Receive reflected light signals: Use a photodetector to receive the light signals reflected from the target object and record their intensity and phase information.

[0080] Select photodetector: Select a suitable photodetector, usually a highly sensitive superconducting single photon detector or avalanche photodiode (APD), to ensure that weak reflected signals can be received. At the same time, ensure that the wavelength response of the detector is consistent with the emission light source. In addition, connect the photodetector to a preamplifier, which can enhance weak optical signals to improve the signal-to-noise ratio.

[0081] Set up the receiving optical system: Place an appropriate optical lens (such as a focusing lens) in front of the photodetector to collect the light signal reflected from the target object. At the same time, adjust the focal length of the lens to correspond to the distance between the target object and obtain the best light collection efficiency.

[0082] Signal recording: Adjust the relative position and angle of the photodetector and the optical lens to ensure that it can accurately receive the light signal reflected from the target object. At the same time, the photodetector receives the reflected light signal, and establishes a signal acquisition system to record the intensity and phase information of the received light signal in the form of a digital signal on a high-speed data acquisition card.

[0083] Step 4: Real-time signal processing: Use frequency domain analysis method to perform fast Fourier transform on the received optical signal to extract phase difference and frequency information.

[0084] Signal preprocessing:

[0085] 1. Noise Removal - According to the pre-defined noise standard or environmental noise level, a signal threshold is set to identify and remove background noise in the signal. At the same time, a mean filter is applied to smooth the signal to remove rapidly fluctuating noise. The size of the filter window can be set to balance the relationship between signal detail retention and denoising.

[0086] 2. Bandpass filtering - According to the frequency characteristics of the system, select a bandpass filter and set its passband frequency range to allow the effective frequency components of the signal to pass through and remove low-frequency and high-frequency interference. At the same time, the collected signal is input into the bandpass filter to output a clear filtered signal.

[0087] 3. Signal normalization - Normalize the denoised and filtered signal by subtracting the minimum value of each signal value and then dividing it by its range (maximum value - minimum value) to ensure that the signal amplitude is within a certain range for subsequent analysis.

[0088] 4. Time domain analysis - Display the time domain waveform of the preprocessed signal to check whether there are abnormal fluctuations or obvious defects, and readjust the acquisition parameters or filtering parameters if necessary.

[0089] Fast Fourier Transform Processing:

[0090] 1. Select FFT parameters - select the appropriate number of FFT points according to the length of the processed signal, usually a power of 2, such as 256, 512, 1024, etc., to ensure the efficiency and accuracy of FFT processing. And select a window function, such as Hanning window, Hamming window or Blackman window, to reduce spectrum leakage and improve the accuracy of frequency domain analysis.

[0091] 2. Apply a window function - multiply the selected window function by the preprocessed signal to weight the signal before transformation to enhance the significance of the main signal frequency components.

[0092] 3. Execute FFT - Use the FFT function in the programming language to transform the signal processed by the window function to obtain its frequency domain representation.

[0093] 4. Calculate the frequency axis - confirm the signal sampling frequency f s The frequency axis is 1kHz, and the frequency axis is calculated according to the number of FFT points. Each item of the frequency axis can be calculated by the following formula:

[0094]

[0095] Where, is the k index (0 to N-1) and N is the number of FFT points.

[0096] 5. Extract the frequency components of the coherent signal - calculate the amplitude of each frequency component in the frequency domain (amplitude spectrum) and the phase of each frequency component (phase spectrum).

[0097] 6. Result visualization - Plot the calculated amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum into a graph to intuitively display the frequency characteristics and phase difference of the signal, thereby providing comprehensive information for subsequent distance calculation.

[0098] Extract phase difference and frequency information:

[0099] 1. Calculate the phase spectrum - extract the phase information by calculating the complex FFT result, using the formula:

[0100] Φ=atan2(Im,Re)

[0101] Among them, Im and Re are the imaginary part and real part of the FFT result respectively.

[0102] 2. Phase difference calculation - Calculate the phase difference based on the transmitted and received frequency signals:

[0103] ΔΦ=Φ 接收 -Φ 发射

[0104] If the phase difference exceeds π or is less than -π, phase wrap-around adjustment is required to ensure that the phase difference is within the range of -π to π.

[0105] Step 5: Distance calculation: Based on the phase difference and frequency information, combined with the known speed of light, calculate the real-time distance of the target object.

[0106] Establish a distance calculation model:

[0107] 1. Signal analysis: The phase difference ΔΦ and frequency f information are obtained from the real-time signal processing stage in step 4. The phase difference is used to characterize the phase change between the received reflected light signal and the transmitted light signal, while the frequency represents the speed of signal change.

[0108] 2. Determine the speed of light - using the known constant of the speed of light c = 3 × 10 8 m / s. This is the theoretical speed of light in a vacuum. It should also be noted that the speed of light in different media may be affected by the refractive index (for example, the refractive index of air is slightly greater than 1).

[0109] 3. Formula establishment: Based on the relationship between the speed of light c and the phase difference ΔΦ, use the formula Calculate, where Δt represents the round trip delay time of the signal.

[0110] Perform a distance calculation:

[0111] 1. Calculate distance based on phase information - using the above formula Perform distance calculation.

[0112] 2. Calculate distance based on frequency information - Calculate distance based on frequency changes. The following formula can be used: where f 0 is the center frequency of the emitted laser.

[0113] 3. Synthesize the final distance calculation - In order to improve the calculation accuracy, the distance based on the phase difference and frequency information can be weighted and synthesized to obtain the final distance estimate:

[0114] d final=W·D+w·d, where W and w are maintenance weights and can be tuned according to experimental data.

[0115] Step 6: Dynamically adjust the emission frequency: Dynamically adjust the laser emission frequency by real-time monitoring of environmental factors.

[0116] Configure environmental monitoring equipment: set up temperature, humidity, and air pressure sensors to obtain environmental parameters in real time.

[0117] Real-time data analysis: Design real-time monitoring hardware and software, including temperature sensors and humidity sensors, to combine the acquired environmental data with the emission characteristics of the laser system.

[0118] Dynamic adjustment system: According to sensor feedback, adjust the operating state of the laser transmitter (such as changing the driving current or wavelength of the laser) to maintain the best ranging performance.

[0119] Step 7: Data fusion and output: The calculated distance information is fused with other sensor data and output to the user terminal or control system in real time.

[0120] Establish a data fusion algorithm: Select a Kalman filter data processing algorithm to merge the ranging information from different sensors.

[0121] Design output interface: Select communication protocol to transmit the calculated distance information to the user terminal or control system (such as through serial port, Ethernet, etc.).

[0122] Real-time user interface display: Develop a user interface, including a PC or mobile device application, to display real-time ranging results and related information for easy user monitoring and operation.

[0123] In summary, the present invention provides a high-precision real-time distance calculation method based on a dual-comb laser ranging system. By adopting dual-comb laser signals and combining real-time calculation of phase difference and frequency information, the ranging accuracy is significantly improved, and the measurement accuracy of the sub-millimeter level can be achieved. At the same time, through real-time signal processing and dynamic feedback mechanism, the method can quickly adapt to the measurement requirements under different environmental conditions, ensure the timeliness and accuracy of the measurement results, and meet the dynamic measurement requirements; and by dynamically adjusting the laser emission frequency and real-time monitoring of environmental factors, the method can adapt to the measurement under different environmental conditions and ensure the reliability of the measurement results; in addition, by fusing the calculated distance information with other sensor data, the environmental noise and interference signals can be effectively suppressed, and the stability of the measurement can be improved. At the same time, the fused data is output to the user terminal or control system in real time, which can ensure the integrity and accuracy of the information.

[0124] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only preferred examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-precision real-time distance calculation method based on a dual-comb laser ranging system, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Generate dual-comb laser signal: Generate dual-comb laser signal by using nonlinear optical effect, and divide it into two beams through optical elements, one for transmission and the other for reception; S2, transmitting optical signal: transmitting the transmitting light beam to the target object through optical fiber or free space; S3, receiving reflected light signal: using a photodetector to receive the light signal reflected from the target object and record its intensity and phase information; S4, real-time signal processing: using frequency domain analysis method, fast Fourier transform is performed on the received optical signal to extract phase difference and frequency information; S5, distance calculation: according to the phase difference and frequency information, combined with the known speed of light, calculate the real-time distance of the target object; S6. Dynamically adjust the emission frequency: dynamically adjust the laser emission frequency by real-time monitoring of environmental factors; S7, data fusion and output: The calculated distance information is fused with other sensor data and output to the user terminal or control system in real time.

2. The high-precision real-time distance calculation method based on the dual-comb laser ranging system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The specific operation steps of generating the dual-comb laser signal in step S1 are: S11. Select a laser source: a titanium sapphire laser or a fiber laser; S12, configuring a nonlinear optical element: using a nonlinear optical crystal to transmit a laser beam into the crystal, thereby initiating a difference frequency generation process; S13, generating dual optical comb signals: converting the input laser signal into multiple coherent laser frequency modes through self-interaction and nonlinear effects; S14, beam splitting processing: the generated dual-comb laser signal is split into two beams by an optical beam splitter, one for transmission and the other for reception.

3. The high-precision real-time distance calculation method based on the dual-comb laser ranging system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The specific operation steps of transmitting the optical signal in step S2 are: S21, select the emission optical system: select a focusing lens for the emission light beam to ensure that the laser beam is focused on the target object; S22. Set the optical fiber or free space transmission path: If using optical fiber, ensure that the end of the optical fiber is well connected to the transmission end. If using free space, ensure that there are no obstacles in the transmission path and the light beam is calibrated.

4. The high-precision real-time distance calculation method based on the dual-comb laser ranging system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The specific operation steps of receiving the reflected light signal in step S3 are: S31. Select photodetector: APD or superconducting single photon detector; S32, setting up a receiving optical system: similarly using a focusing lens to focus the reflected light signal to ensure that as much light as possible is received; S33, signal recording: establish a signal acquisition system to record the intensity and phase information of the received optical signal in the form of digital signals on a high-speed data acquisition card.

5. The high-precision real-time distance calculation method based on the dual-comb laser ranging system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The specific operation steps of the real-time signal processing in step S4 are: S41, signal preprocessing: performing denoising on the collected optical signal; S42, fast Fourier transform processing: using the FFT algorithm, converting the time domain signal into a frequency domain signal to obtain the frequency component of the signal; S43, extracting phase difference and frequency information: extracting the phase information and frequency characteristics of the coherent signal from the FFT result, and calculating the phase difference of the optical signal.

6. The high-precision real-time distance calculation method based on the dual-comb laser ranging system according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The specific operation steps of the signal preprocessing in step S41 are: S411, noise removal: according to the predefined noise standard or environmental noise level, a signal threshold is set to identify and remove the background noise in the signal, and a mean filter is applied to smooth the signal to remove the rapidly fluctuating noise. The size of the filter window can be set to balance the relationship between signal detail retention and noise removal; S412, bandpass filtering: according to the frequency characteristics of the system, a bandpass filter is selected, and its passband frequency range is set to allow effective frequency components of the signal to pass through, the collected signal is input into the bandpass filter, and a clear signal after filtering is output; S413, signal normalization: normalizing the denoised and filtered signal by subtracting the minimum value of each signal value and then dividing it by its range (maximum value - minimum value) to ensure that the signal amplitude is within a certain range; S414, time domain analysis: Display the time domain waveform of the preprocessed signal to check whether there are abnormal fluctuations or obvious defects, and readjust the acquisition parameters or filtering parameters if necessary.

7. The high-precision real-time distance calculation method based on the dual-comb laser ranging system according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The specific operation steps of the fast Fourier transform processing in step S41 are: S421, select FFT parameters: select an appropriate number of FFT points according to the length of the processed signal, usually a power of 2, and select a window function; S422, applying a window function: multiplying the selected window function by the preprocessed signal, and performing weighted processing on the signal before transformation; S423, executing FFT: using the FFT function in a programming language to transform the signal processed by the window function to obtain its frequency domain representation; S424, calculate frequency axis: confirm signal sampling frequency f s The frequency axis is 1kHz, and the frequency axis is calculated according to the number of FFT points. Each item of the frequency axis can be calculated by the following formula: Where, is the k index (0 to N-1), and N is the number of FFT points; S425, extracting the frequency components of the coherent signal: calculating the amplitude (amplitude spectrum) of each frequency component in the frequency domain and the phase (phase spectrum) of each frequency component; S426. Result visualization: Plot the calculated amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum into a graph.

8. The high-precision real-time distance calculation method based on the dual-comb laser ranging system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The specific operation steps of distance calculation in step S5 are: S51. Establish a distance calculation model: Based on the relationship between the speed of light c and the phase difference ΔΦ, use the formula Calculate, where Δt represents the round trip delay time of the signal; S52, perform distance calculation: calculate the position of the target and determine the actual distance through phase difference and frequency information.

9. The high-precision real-time distance calculation method based on the dual-comb laser ranging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific operation steps of dynamically adjusting the transmission frequency in step S6 are: S61. Configure environmental monitoring equipment: set temperature, humidity, and air pressure sensors to obtain environmental parameters in real time; S62, Real-time data analysis: Design real-time monitoring software and hardware, including temperature sensors and humidity sensors, to combine the acquired environmental data with the emission characteristics of the laser system; S63, dynamic adjustment system: adjust the working state of the laser transmitter according to the sensor feedback.

10. The high-precision real-time distance calculation method based on the dual-comb laser ranging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific operation steps of data fusion and output in step S7 are: S71, establishing a data fusion algorithm: selecting a Kalman filter data processing algorithm to merge ranging information from different sensors; S72, designing an output interface: selecting a communication protocol to transmit the calculated distance information to a user terminal or a control system; S73. Real-time user interface display: Develop a user interface, including a PC or mobile device application, to display real-time distance measurement results and related information.

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