A method and system for automatically selecting reinforcing steel for concrete frame members

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of automatic selection methods and systems of concrete frame member reinforcement, belong to concrete structure design technical field, comprising: selection concrete beam hoop reinforcement;Selection concrete beam longitudinal reinforcement;Selection concrete beam waist muscle;Selection concrete column reinforcement;Selection concrete floor reinforcement;Selection concrete foundation reinforcement.The application fuses genetic algorithm, heuristic algorithm and various optimization methods, by reasonably dividing six key steps of reinforcement selection process, significantly improves the selection efficiency and accuracy.Compared with previous methods, the technology has obvious advantages in cost control, construction adaptability, calculation efficiency and other aspects, not only shortens the calculation time, but also better fits the actual construction demand, effectively reduces the rework problem caused by the inconsistency between design result and construction site.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of concrete structure design technology, specifically relating to a method and system for automatic selection of steel reinforcement in concrete frame components. Background Technology

[0002] In concrete structure design, reinforcement selection is a crucial step in ensuring construction quality and schedule. Traditional manual calculation methods suffer from significant problems such as low efficiency, difficulty in cost control, and reinforcement waste. Although current computer-aided reinforcement selection methods represent an improvement over manual methods, the results often differ considerably from the actual reinforcement layout in construction, particularly regarding the selection of longitudinal reinforcement, which lacks rationality. Furthermore, each reinforcement selection module uses independent calculations, neglecting the necessary interrelationships between some modules, and the reinforcement selection algorithm design often relies heavily on exhaustive methods, thus requiring further efficiency improvements.

[0003] Manually calculating the required steel reinforcement is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Designers must manually calculate the quantity, diameter, and length of the necessary reinforcement based on specific structural requirements and design specifications. This process is not only time-consuming but also prone to errors, potentially leading to uncertainty and instability in the design. Calculation errors can not only affect construction progress but also potentially cause structural safety issues.

[0004] While existing computer-aided reinforcement selection methods have improved efficiency in some aspects, they typically calculate each reinforcement module (such as stirrups, longitudinal bars, and web bars) independently, ignoring the inherent relationships between modules. However, in actual construction, these modules are interconnected. This independent calculation method leads to reinforcement selection results that do not match actual construction needs, requiring secondary adjustments on-site, which consumes computational resources and increases labor costs. Furthermore, the frequent use of exhaustive methods as the core of module calculations also results in low operational efficiency, especially when there are many reinforcement selection options. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an automatic reinforcement selection method and system for concrete frame components. It aims to overcome the challenges of traditional concrete reinforcement selection methods, such as poor cost control and lack of flexibility. At the same time, it focuses on using genetic algorithms and heuristic algorithms to improve reinforcement selection efficiency, reduce secondary adjustments, and ensure that the selected reinforcement achieves a scientific and reasonable matching.

[0006] The specific technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0007] The primary objective of this patent is to provide a method for automatically selecting and matching reinforcing bars in concrete frame members, including:

[0008] Selecting stirrups for concrete beams: First, determine the maximum and minimum diameter range of stirrups according to engineering design requirements and specifications, and generate a stirrup diameter selection list according to a certain step size; then, determine the type of beam based on the beam's stress characteristics, span, and load distribution; finally, combine the beam type and its stress characteristics, and use a genetic algorithm to optimize the selection of stirrup diameter, number of legs, and number of stirrups to ensure that the calculated reinforcement area is closest to the design requirements and complies with relevant structural design codes and standards.

[0009] Selection of longitudinal reinforcement for concrete beams: First, the lap splice method of the longitudinal reinforcement in the middle of the beam is determined, and the supports are merged. For each single-span support location, the applicable steel diameter is selected according to the design specifications. Second, the type and quantity of continuous longitudinal reinforcement, top reinforcement at mid-span, and negative reinforcement at supports are selected based on rules. The reinforcement selection of each module in this process is interconnected. Rule-based algorithms are used to ensure that the reinforcement configuration of each part meets the structural design requirements. For the selection of bottom reinforcement at mid-span, an independent calculation method is adopted, using a genetic algorithm to optimize the combination of diameter and number of bars to minimize the reinforcement area and meet the design requirements. Finally, the ratio of the actual reinforcement area to the calculated reinforcement area of ​​each module is recorded to control the over-reinforcement rate and to reasonably allocate the number of steel bar rows to ensure the overall performance and safety of the beam.

[0010] Selecting and configuring reinforced concrete beam web reinforcement: First, based on the calculated reinforcement area, determine whether torsional web reinforcement is needed. If so, optimize the diameter and number combinations using a heuristic algorithm to select the most suitable configuration to meet design requirements. If the reinforcement area is zero, determine whether to add structural web reinforcement based on the beam height. This method can quickly make reinforcement decisions while ensuring structural safety and compliance with specifications, avoiding the problems of long calculation times and rework in traditional methods.

[0011] Selecting reinforcement for concrete columns: First, based on design requirements and stress analysis, select the direction with fewer legs required for the transverse and longitudinal reinforcement of the concrete column for preliminary reinforcement calculation. Second, record the reinforcement parameters such as the diameter, number of legs, and number of bars of the reinforcement in that direction. Finally, based on the calculated transverse or longitudinal reinforcement information, determine the stirrup configuration for the other direction.

[0012] Selecting and configuring steel reinforcement for concrete slabs: First, sort the list of steel reinforcement diameters to ensure a reasonable selection order. Second, sort the list of steel reinforcement spacing in the slab to provide a basis for subsequent reinforcement configuration. Adjust the reinforcement configuration according to the principle of prioritizing steel reinforcement diameter adjustments, followed by steel reinforcement spacing adjustments, until the reinforcement configuration of the slab meets the design requirements.

[0013] Selecting concrete foundation reinforcement: First, the reinforcement configuration is divided into four directions according to the foundation structure: top transverse, top longitudinal, bottom transverse, and bottom longitudinal. Second, the concrete slab reinforcement selection algorithm is applied to each of these four directions. Finally, the diameter, type, and spacing of the reinforcement in each direction are recorded, and the configuration information is returned to ensure that the reinforcement configuration in each direction meets the design requirements.

[0014] Preferably, the selected concrete beam stirrups specifically include:

[0015] S101. Construct a list of stirrup diameter selections;

[0016] S10101. Sort the stirrup diameter library by radius from largest to smallest and save it as a list;

[0017] S10102. Add the preferred diameter to the beginning of the list;

[0018] S102. Determine the type of beam, wherein the beam type includes frame beams and non-frame beams;

[0019] S10201. Select reinforcement bars according to the order of calculation of encrypted area and unencrypted area;

[0020] S1020101. Generate a list of spacings from largest to smallest according to the maximum spacing, minimum spacing, and spacing modulus of the encrypted area;

[0021] S1020102. Add the preferred spacing to the beginning of the list and remove values ​​that do not meet the spacing requirements;

[0022] S103. Construct a genetic algorithm;

[0023] S10301, Use the range of diameter D, number of roots n, and number of limbs m as input to the genetic algorithm;

[0024] S10302, Constructing the objective function Where A cal This indicates the area to be reinforced, where λ is the penalty coefficient.

[0025] S10303. Set the number of iterations, and record the optimal solution of the iteration process through selection, crossover and mutation operations to obtain the number of stirrups, diameter type and number of legs in the densified area;

[0026] S104. When the current beam is a frame beam, the number of legs and diameter of the non-reinforced zone are consistent with those of the reinforced zone. Only the spacing is calculated until the reinforcement requirements are met. When the current beam is a non-frame beam or one end of the current beam has no support, the configuration of the reinforced zone and the non-reinforced zone are the same. The calculation result of the reinforced zone is the final selection result.

[0027] Preferably, the selected longitudinal reinforcement of the concrete beam specifically includes:

[0028] S201. Determine the lap splice mode at the middle of the beam: Based on the selected lap splice mode at the middle of the beam, obtain the corresponding parameters and determine whether the lap splice is the normal mode or the upper reinforcement mode at the middle of the span.

[0029] S202, Support Combination:

[0030] S20201. Determine the situation at both ends of a multi-span beam and perform merging processing;

[0031] S2020101. If there are cantilevered ends and the merging mode includes cantilever merging, then the calculated area of ​​the corresponding cantilevered end and the support of the connected beam shall be set to the same value.

[0032] S20202: Traverse multi-span beams and merge the areas of beams that meet the conditions;

[0033] S2020201. If merging is allowed, and the difference in the calculated reinforcement area and ratio between the current beam and the adjacent beam support is within the allowable range, select the maximum calculated reinforcement area to assign a value to the beam support area.

[0034] S203. Determine the appropriate diameter for each single-span support location;

[0035] S20301, Processing of the preferred diameter and reinforcement diameter database;

[0036] S2030101. Sort the reinforcement selection library by diameter from largest to smallest according to the diameter size;

[0037] S20302, Trial calculation of the preferred diameter;

[0038] S2030201. Based on the calculated reinforcement area and preferred diameter of the current support, calculate the required number of steel bars.

[0039] S2030202. Check if the number of roots is within the range.

[0040] S20303. When the preferred diameter does not meet the number of bars required, steel bars shall be selected from the diameter selection library for trial calculation.

[0041] S2030301. When the number of bars calculated for the preferred diameter is less than the minimum number of bars, start from the model in the diameter selection library that is closest to the preferred diameter and try to calculate towards the smaller diameter until the bar count condition is met.

[0042] S2030302. When the number of bars calculated for the preferred diameter is greater than the maximum number of bars, start from the model in the diameter selection library that is closest to the preferred diameter and try to calculate towards the larger diameter until the bar count condition is met.

[0043] S204. Set the number of continuous longitudinal bars. According to the structural requirements, at least two through bars are required at the top of the mid-span.

[0044] S205, optional upper cross section;

[0045] S20501. Calculate the number and diameter of the upper reinforcement bars required at mid-span.

[0046] S2050101. The diameter of the upper reinforcement bar at mid-span should be the same as that of the support.

[0047] S2050102, the number of upper reinforcement bars at mid-span is calculated based on the reinforcement area, current diameter and type, and the number of longitudinal reinforcement bars at the corresponding location.

[0048] S20502. Adjust the number of reinforcing bars according to the erection pattern;

[0049] S2050201. When the use of stirrup reinforcement is permitted, the upper mid-span reinforcement will not be adjusted for the time being.

[0050] S2050202. When the use of stirrups is not allowed, the number of upper stirrups shall be adjusted according to the minimum number of stirrups required.

[0051] S205020201. At the middle position of a single span where the number of steel bars is less than the minimum requirement, supplement the steel bars to the minimum number.

[0052] S205020202: If the minimum number of roots requirement is met, no further processing is required.

[0053] S206, Adjustment of the pattern of the upper reinforcement bars along the entire length and mid-span;

[0054] S20601. If the small diameter or mid-span top reinforcement mode is selected, all diameters and numbers of the continuous longitudinal reinforcement are superimposed on the mid-span top reinforcement position, and the continuous longitudinal reinforcement is left empty.

[0055] S20602. If the continuous longitudinal reinforcement mode is selected, no adjustment is required for now;

[0056] S207, Replacement of negative reinforcement in support;

[0057] S20701. If there are continuous longitudinal bars, subtract the number of continuous longitudinal bars from the number of bars at the support.

[0058] S20702. If there are upper reinforcement bars at the mid-span, subtract the number of upper reinforcement bars at the mid-span from the number of reinforcement bars at the support.

[0059] S208, Selection of lower reinforcement bars;

[0060] S20801. Use the diameter D and the number of roots n as inputs to the genetic algorithm;

[0061] S20802, Constructing the objective function Where A cal This indicates the area to be reinforced, where λ is the penalty coefficient.

[0062] S20803. Set the number of iterations, and record the optimal solution of the iteration process through selection, crossover and mutation operations to obtain the number of reinforcing bars and diameter type of the lower part of the span.

[0063] S209, Adjustment of the diameter and model of the upper reinforcement bar at mid-span;

[0064] S20901. Calculate the difference between the actual area and the calculated area of ​​the upper reinforcement at the left support, right support, and mid-span of the current span, and take the minimum value S. min ;

[0065] S20902. Find the diameter model r1 that is the smallest level smaller than the current mid-span diameter model r0;

[0066] S20903, According to the formula: Get the corresponding number of changed roots;

[0067] S210, Adjustment of the diameter and model of the negative reinforcement bar of the support;

[0068] S21001. Calculate the difference between the actual area and the calculated area of ​​the current support, the continuous longitudinal reinforcement, and the top reinforcement at mid-span, and take the minimum value S. min The other update methods are the same as S209;

[0069] S211, Record the information of the vertical reinforcement of the frame;

[0070] S21101. If the use of support reinforcement is not allowed, S211 ends.

[0071] S21102. If the use of stirrups is allowed, iterate through the number of stirrups at the mid-span of each span. Where the minimum number of stirrups is not met, add stirrups until the total number of stirrups at the mid-span meets the minimum number requirement.

[0072] S212. Traverse each part, record the ratio of actual reinforcement area to calculated reinforcement area, and record the over-reinforcement rate.

[0073] S213. Traverse each part and assign the number of rows of reinforcing bars to be selected.

[0074] Preferably, the selected concrete beam web reinforcement specifically comprises:

[0075] S301. Calculate the reinforcement area based on the current span of the web reinforcement and classify the web reinforcement type;

[0076] S302. If the calculated reinforcement area of ​​the web reinforcement is 0, then it is a structural web reinforcement.

[0077] S30201. Determine whether structural stirrups are needed based on the effective height requirements of the beam.

[0078] S3020101. If the effective height H is 0, no structural stirrups shall be configured.

[0079] S3020102. If the effective height is not 0, take the smallest diameter steel bar type, according to the formula: Calculate the number of beams, where H represents the beam height, S represents the spacing, and N represents the number of beams.

[0080] S30202. Calculate the reinforcement area based on the web reinforcement and set anti-torsional web reinforcement;

[0081] S3020201. Sort the diameters according to the preferred diameter and the diameter selection library;

[0082] S3020202. Calculate in the order of increasing diameter and increasing number of pieces to select the diameter model and number of pieces that meet the requirements.

[0083] Preferably, the selected concrete column reinforcement specifically comprises:

[0084] S401. Calculate the direction with the smaller number of limbs between the horizontal and vertical directions of the column.

[0085] S402, the calculation formula and method are the same as S101, record the diameter, number of limbs, and number of roots in the current direction;

[0086] S403. Based on the results recorded in S402, calculate the stirrup information in the other direction;

[0087] S40301. First, fix the diameter and number of pieces, and only change the number of legs;

[0088] S40302. If the area ratio requirement is still not met even when the number of limbs is increased to the maximum, then adjustments should be made according to the principle of increasing the diameter and decreasing the spacing.

[0089] Preferably, the selected concrete floor slab reinforcement specifically comprises:

[0090] S501, Sorting the list of floor slab diameters;

[0091] S502, Sorting of floor slab spacing list;

[0092] S50201. According to the maximum spacing and minimum spacing and the adjustment module component spacing list, save the spacing list sorted from largest to smallest;

[0093] S50202: Add the preferred spacing to the beginning of the S50202 list and remove spacing values ​​that are not within the allowable spacing range;

[0094] S503. Perform trial calculations according to the principle of first changing the diameter and then changing the spacing until the reinforcement requirements are met.

[0095] Preferably, the selected concrete foundation reinforcement specifically comprises:

[0096] By dividing and calculating the foundation in different directions, the diameter and spacing values ​​in each direction are obtained, thereby ensuring that the foundation design meets the structural requirements and load-bearing capacity requirements.

[0097] S601. Divide the foundation according to the top horizontal, top vertical, bottom horizontal, and bottom vertical divisions.

[0098] S602, Use the same method for selecting reinforcement in concrete slabs in each direction;

[0099] S603, Record the diameter model spacing values ​​in each direction and return them.

[0100] A second objective of this invention is to provide an automatic reinforcement matching system for concrete frame members, comprising:

[0101] Concrete Beam Stirrup Selection Module: This module determines the selectable range of stirrup diameters based on engineering design specifications and requirements, and generates a corresponding diameter list. Based on the beam's stress characteristics, span, and load distribution, it identifies the beam type and records the range of stirrup diameters, number of stirrups, and number of legs. Then, using a genetic algorithm, it automatically optimizes the stirrup configuration based on these parameters to ensure it meets structural design specifications and safety requirements.

[0102] Concrete Beam Longitudinal Reinforcement Selection Module: This module uses both genetic and heuristic algorithms. First, it clarifies the lap splice method of the longitudinal reinforcement in the middle of the beam and handles the support merging problem. For each single-span support location, the system selects suitable rebar diameters and sets the type and quantity of continuous longitudinal reinforcement, top mid-span reinforcement, support negative reinforcement, and bottom mid-span reinforcement based on rules. The bottom mid-span reinforcement is treated as an independent part and optimized using a genetic algorithm to achieve the optimal reinforcement area. The reinforcement selection for other locations follows a rule-based algorithm to ensure reasonable correlation between modules. Finally, the ratio of actual reinforcement area to calculated reinforcement area is recorded to control the over-reinforcement rate, rationally allocate the number of rebar rows, and ensure the overall performance and safety of the beam.

[0103] Concrete Beam Web Reinforcement Selection Module: This module uses a heuristic algorithm to classify web reinforcement types based on the calculated reinforcement area of ​​the current web reinforcement section and the beam height, and analyzes and calculates the selection of anti-torsional web reinforcement or structural web reinforcement.

[0104] Reinforcement Selection Module for Concrete Columns: This module uses a heuristic algorithm. First, it calculates the reinforcement information for the column with the smaller number of legs in the horizontal and vertical directions, and records the diameter, number of legs, and number of bars in the current direction. Then, it uses this as a benchmark to calculate the reinforcement information for the other direction.

[0105] Reinforcement Selection Module for Concrete Slabs: This module uses a heuristic algorithm. First, it sorts the list of slab diameters, then sorts the list of slab spacing. The system performs trial calculations by changing the diameter first, then the spacing, until the design requirements are met.

[0106] Concrete Foundation Reinforcement Selection Module: This module first divides the foundation into four directions: top transverse, top longitudinal, bottom transverse, and bottom longitudinal. Then, it calls the floor slab reinforcement configuration method for each direction. Finally, it records the diameter and spacing values ​​for each direction and returns the result.

[0107] The third objective of this patent is to provide a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, provides the aforementioned method for automatically selecting and matching reinforcing bars in concrete frame components.

[0108] The fourth objective of this patent is to provide an information data processing terminal for implementing the above-mentioned method for automatic selection of steel reinforcement in concrete frame components.

[0109] The fifth objective of this patent is to provide a computer-readable storage medium, including instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the aforementioned method for automatically selecting and matching steel reinforcement in concrete frame components.

[0110] The advantages and positive effects of this invention are as follows:

[0111] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0112] This invention discloses an automatic reinforcement selection method and system for concrete frame members, belonging to the field of concrete structure design technology. The method includes: selecting concrete beam stirrups; selecting concrete beam longitudinal reinforcement; selecting concrete beam web reinforcement; selecting concrete column reinforcement; selecting concrete floor slab reinforcement; and selecting concrete foundation reinforcement. This invention integrates multiple optimization methods such as genetic algorithms and heuristic algorithms. By rationally dividing the reinforcement selection process into six key steps, it significantly improves the selection efficiency and accuracy. Compared with previous methods, this technology has significant advantages in cost control, construction adaptability, and computational efficiency. It not only shortens the calculation time but also better aligns with actual construction needs, effectively reducing rework problems caused by discrepancies between design results and construction site conditions.

[0113] This invention innovatively integrates multiple optimization techniques, including genetic algorithms and heuristic algorithms, into an automatic rebar selection method and system for reinforced concrete frame members. These algorithms play a crucial role in the rebar selection process, ensuring accuracy and efficiency at each step through iterative optimization and local search strategies. The genetic algorithm simulates natural selection and genetic mutation to progressively select the optimal solution from the initial population, while the heuristic algorithm quickly finds an approximate optimal solution through empirical rules and intuitive judgment. This multi-algorithm fusion approach not only improves the intelligence and adaptability of the selection process but also better balances various needs, such as cost control, construction adaptability, and computational efficiency, in complex multi-objective optimization problems. Through this method, this invention significantly improves the overall performance of rebar selection for reinforced concrete frame members, providing more reliable and efficient technical support for engineering design. Attached Figure Description

[0114] Figure 1 This is the reinforcement result of the beam stirrups in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0115] Figure 2 This is the longitudinal reinforcement result of the beam in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0116] Figure 3 This is the reinforcement result of the beam web reinforcement in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0117] Figure 4 This is the reinforcement result of the column stirrups in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0118] Figure 5 This is the foundation reinforcement result in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0119] The units for both calculated and actual area are mm, and the units for both calculated and actual area of ​​stirrups are Av / S. Detailed Implementation

[0120] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0121] Please see Figures 1 to 5 ;

[0122] The first embodiment discloses an automatic reinforcement selection method for concrete frame members, mainly comprising:

[0123] Selection of stirrups for concrete beams: The process of selecting stirrups for beams is refined into steps such as diameter selection, number of legs selection, spacing selection, and reinforcement area comparison, and then refined into a general method. This general method aims to provide a systematic and efficient solution for the selection of stirrups for concrete frame members.

[0124] S101. Construct a list of stirrup diameter selections;

[0125] S10101. Sort the stirrup diameter library by radius from largest to smallest and save it as a list;

[0126] S10102. Add the preferred diameter to the beginning of the list;

[0127] S102. Determine the type of beam, wherein the beam type includes frame beams and non-frame beams;

[0128] S10201. Select reinforcement bars according to the order of calculation of encrypted area and unencrypted area;

[0129] S1020101. Generate a list of spacings from largest to smallest according to the maximum spacing, minimum spacing, and spacing modulus of the encrypted area;

[0130] S1020102. Add the preferred spacing to the beginning of the list and remove values ​​that do not meet the spacing requirements;

[0131] S103. Construct a genetic algorithm;

[0132] S10301, Use the range of diameter D, number of roots n, and number of limbs m as input to the genetic algorithm;

[0133] S10302, Constructing the objective function Where A cal This indicates the area to be reinforced, where λ is the penalty coefficient.

[0134] S10303. Set the number of iterations, and record the optimal solution of the iteration process through selection, crossover and mutation operations to obtain the number of stirrups, diameter type and number of legs in the densified area;

[0135] S104. When the current beam is a frame beam, the number of legs and diameter of the non-reinforced zone are consistent with those of the reinforced zone. Only the spacing is calculated until the reinforcement requirements are met. When the current beam is a non-frame beam or one end of the current beam has no support, the configuration of the reinforced zone and the non-reinforced zone are the same. The calculation result of the reinforced zone is the final selection result.

[0136] Longitudinal reinforcement selection for concrete beams: This method treats the entire beam segment as the analysis object and adjusts the overall reinforcement to meet the design factors of different beam types, such as frame beams or non-frame beams, different locations within a single span (e.g., left and right supports, upper and lower mid-span), and whether the ends are cantilevered. Based on actual engineering needs, this method considers the differences in reinforcement selection modes for different beams and provides flexible and targeted reinforcement selection design schemes for multi-span beams with varying stress conditions and support constraints.

[0137] During the design process, this method comprehensively considers multiple technical indicators and design requirements, such as diameter selection of reinforcement, reinforcement spacing requirements, and row number limitations. Through detailed analysis of the stress characteristics and functional requirements of multi-span beam structures, it provides engineering designers with a comprehensive design scheme for longitudinal reinforcement selection. By selecting reinforcement for multi-span beams under different locations and functional requirements, the overall performance optimization of concrete structures in terms of load-bearing capacity, deformation control, and durability is ensured.

[0138] Furthermore, this method emphasizes the integrity and systematic nature of the design scheme. Considering various design constraints, it applies genetic algorithms and rule-based heuristic algorithms to the selection of mid-span and lower-level reinforcement and other multi-location reinforcement selection processes, respectively. By rationally coordinating the diameter selection, arrangement, and quantity control of the longitudinal reinforcement, optimal design results are achieved. Through in-depth research on the reinforcement selection problem of multi-span beams and the provision of targeted solutions, this method not only improves the load-bearing performance and overall stability of beam members but also provides a valuable reference for advancements in concrete structure design in engineering practice.

[0139] S201. Determine the beam mid-span lap splice mode: Based on the beam mid-span lap splice mode selected by the user, obtain the corresponding parameters and determine whether the lap splice is the normal mode or the mid-span upper reinforcement mode.

[0140] S202, Support Combination:

[0141] S203. Determine the appropriate diameter for each single-span support location;

[0142] S204. Set the number of longitudinal bars. According to the structural requirements, at least two through bars are required at the top of the mid-span. This stage does not discuss whether the existence of bars that run through multiple spans is allowed. It is only used to indicate the structural requirements.

[0143] S205, optional upper cross section;

[0144] S206, Adjustment of the pattern of the upper reinforcement bars along the entire length and mid-span;

[0145] S207 support negative reinforcement replacement;

[0146] S208, Selection of lower reinforcement bars;

[0147] S20801. Use the diameter D and the number of roots n as inputs to the genetic algorithm;

[0148] S20802, Constructing the objective function Where A cal This indicates the area to be reinforced, where λ is the penalty coefficient.

[0149] S20803. Set the number of iterations, and record the optimal solution of the iteration process through selection, crossover and mutation operations to obtain the number of reinforcing bars and diameter type of the lower part of the span.

[0150] S209, Adjustment of the diameter and model of the upper reinforcement bar at mid-span;

[0151] S20901. Calculate the difference between the actual area and the calculated area of ​​the upper reinforcement at the left support, right support, and mid-span of the current span, and take the minimum value S. min ;

[0152] S20902. Find the diameter model r1 that is the smallest level smaller than the current mid-span diameter model r0;

[0153] S20903, According to the formula: Get the corresponding number of changed roots;

[0154] S210, Adjustment of the diameter and model of the negative reinforcement bar of the support;

[0155] S21001. Calculate the difference between the actual area and the calculated area of ​​the current support, the continuous longitudinal reinforcement, and the top reinforcement at mid-span, and take the minimum value S. min The other update methods are the same as S209;

[0156] S211, Record the information of the vertical reinforcement of the record frame;

[0157] S212. Traverse each part, record the ratio of actual reinforcement area to calculated reinforcement area, and record the over-reinforcement rate.

[0158] S213. Traverse each part and allocate the number of rows of reinforcing bars to be selected;

[0159] Selection of web reinforcement in concrete beams: The type of web reinforcement is determined by calculating the reinforcement area, including structural web reinforcement and torsional web reinforcement. For structural web reinforcement, the number of bars is calculated based on the beam height and the maximum spacing of the web reinforcement, and an appropriate diameter is selected. For torsional web reinforcement, the diameter types are sorted according to a certain procedure, and a heuristic algorithm is used to determine the appropriate diameter and number of bars to ensure that the load-bearing area meets the design requirements.

[0160] S301. Classify the type of web reinforcement based on the reinforcement area calculated for the current span of web reinforcement;

[0161] S302. If the calculated reinforcement area of ​​the web reinforcement is 0, then it is a structural web reinforcement.

[0162] S30201. Determine whether structural stirrups are needed based on the beam height requirements;

[0163] S3020101, the beam height is 0, no structural stirrups are required;

[0164] S3020102. If the height is not 0, use the minimum diameter as the rebar type, according to the formula: Calculate the number of beams, where H represents the beam height, S represents the spacing, and N represents the number of beams.

[0165] S30202. Calculate the reinforcement area based on the web reinforcement and set anti-torsional web reinforcement;

[0166] S3020201. Sort the diameters according to the preferred diameter and the diameter selection library;

[0167] S3020202. Calculate in the order of increasing diameter and increasing number of pieces to select the diameter model and number of pieces that meet the requirements.

[0168] Reinforcement selection for concrete columns: First, calculate the reinforcement requirements in the direction with fewer stirrup legs, recording the diameter, number of legs, and number of stirrups in that direction. Then, based on this information, calculate the stirrup requirements in the other direction. During the calculation, first try adjusting the number of legs; if increasing the number of legs cannot meet the reinforcement area requirements, then the diameter and spacing need to be adjusted. This method considers the stress characteristics of the column, ensuring sufficient support and seismic resistance in both the transverse and longitudinal directions by rationally selecting the diameter, number of legs, and spacing of the stirrups.

[0169] S401. Find the direction with the smaller number of minimum limbs in the horizontal and vertical directions of the column and perform the calculation.

[0170] S402, the calculation formula and method are the same as S101, record the diameter, number of limbs, and number of roots in the current direction;

[0171] S403. Based on the results recorded in S402, calculate the stirrup information in the other direction;

[0172] Reinforcement selection for concrete floor slabs: By sorting and adjusting the list of floor slab diameters and spacings, calculations are performed with the goal of meeting design requirements, ensuring that the reinforcement ratio meets the standards, thereby guaranteeing the structural safety and stability of the floor slab.

[0173] S501, Sorting the list of floor slab diameters;

[0174] S502, Sorting of floor slab spacing list;

[0175] S503. Perform trial calculations according to the principle of changing the diameter first and then the spacing until the requirements are met;

[0176] Selection of steel reinforcement for concrete foundations: By dividing and calculating the foundation in different directions, the diameter, type, and spacing values ​​for each direction are obtained, thereby ensuring that the foundation design meets the structural requirements and load-bearing capacity requirements;

[0177] S601. Divide the foundation according to the top horizontal, top vertical, bottom horizontal, and bottom vertical divisions.

[0178] S602, Use the same method for selecting reinforcement in concrete slabs in each direction;

[0179] S603, Record the diameter model spacing values ​​in each direction and return them.

[0180] A second embodiment provides an automatic reinforcement matching system for concrete frame members, used to execute the method of the first embodiment, including:

[0181] Concrete Beam Stirrup Selection Module: This module determines the selectable range of stirrup diameters based on engineering design specifications and requirements, and generates a corresponding diameter list. Based on the beam's stress characteristics, span, and load distribution, it identifies the beam type and records the range of stirrup diameters, number of stirrups, and number of legs. Then, using a genetic algorithm, it automatically optimizes the stirrup configuration based on these parameters to ensure it meets structural design specifications and safety requirements.

[0182] Concrete Beam Longitudinal Reinforcement Selection Module: This module first clarifies the lap splice method of the longitudinal reinforcement in the middle of the beam and handles the support merging issue. For each single-span support location, the system selects suitable rebar diameters and sets the type and quantity of continuous longitudinal reinforcement, top mid-span reinforcement, support negative reinforcement, and bottom mid-span reinforcement based on rules. The bottom mid-span reinforcement is treated as an independent part and optimized using a genetic algorithm to achieve the optimal reinforcement area. The reinforcement selection for other locations follows a rule-based algorithm to ensure reasonable correlation between modules. Finally, the ratio of actual reinforcement area to calculated reinforcement area is recorded to control the over-reinforcement rate, rationally allocate the number of rebar rows, and ensure the overall performance and safety of the beam.

[0183] Concrete Beam Web Reinforcement Selection Module: This module uses a heuristic algorithm to classify web reinforcement types based on the calculated reinforcement area of ​​the current web reinforcement section and the beam height, and analyzes and calculates the selection of anti-torsional web reinforcement or structural web reinforcement.

[0184] Reinforcement Selection Module for Concrete Columns: This module first calculates the reinforcement information for the column with the smaller number of legs in the transverse and longitudinal directions, records the diameter, number of legs, and number of bars in the current direction, and then uses this as a benchmark to calculate the reinforcement information for the other direction.

[0185] Reinforcement Selection Module for Concrete Slabs: This module first sorts the list of slab diameters, then sorts the list of slab spacings. The system performs trial calculations by changing the diameter first, then the spacing, until the design requirements are met.

[0186] Concrete Foundation Reinforcement Selection Module: This module first divides the foundation into four directions: top transverse, top longitudinal, bottom transverse, and bottom longitudinal. Then, it calls the floor slab reinforcement configuration method for each direction. Finally, it records the diameter and spacing values ​​for each direction and returns the result.

[0187] A third embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method for automatically selecting and matching steel reinforcement in concrete frame components.

[0188] Fourth embodiment: A computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method for automatic selection of steel reinforcement in concrete frame components.

[0189] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved, in whole or in part, through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product, the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded or executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present invention are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., a solid-state drive (SSD)).

[0190] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for automatically selecting and matching reinforcing bars in concrete frame members, characterized in that, include: Selecting stirrups for concrete beams: Based on engineering design requirements and specifications, determine the maximum and minimum diameter range of the stirrups, and generate a stirrup diameter selection list according to a certain step size; The beam type is determined based on its stress characteristics, span, and load distribution. Combining the beam type and stress characteristics, a genetic algorithm is used to optimize the selection of stirrup diameter, number of legs, and number of stirrups. Specifically: S101. Construct a list of stirrup diameter selections; S10101. Sort the stirrup diameter library by radius from largest to smallest and save it as a list; S10102. Add the preferred diameter to the beginning of the list; S102. Determine the type of beam, wherein the beam type includes frame beams and non-frame beams; S10201. Select reinforcement bars according to the order of calculation of encrypted area and unencrypted area; S1020101. Generate a list of spacings from largest to smallest according to the maximum spacing, minimum spacing, and spacing modulus of the encrypted area; S1020102. Add the preferred spacing to the beginning of the list and remove values ​​that do not meet the spacing requirements; S103. Construct a genetic algorithm; S10301, diameter , number of roots and number of limbs The range is used as input to the genetic algorithm; S10302, Constructing the objective function ,in, This indicates the area to be calculated for reinforcement. This is the penalty coefficient; S10303. Set the number of iterations, and record the optimal solution of the iteration process through selection, crossover and mutation operations to obtain the number of stirrups, diameter type and number of legs in the densified area; S104. When the current beam is a frame beam, the number of legs and diameter of the non-reinforced zone are consistent with those of the reinforced zone. Only the spacing is calculated until the reinforcement requirements are met. When the current beam is a non-frame beam or one end of the current beam has no support, the reinforcement and non-reinforced zones are configured the same. The calculation result of the reinforced zone is the final selection result. Selecting longitudinal reinforcement for concrete beams: Determine the lap splice method of the longitudinal reinforcement in the middle of the beam and perform support merging treatment; For each single-span support location, the applicable rebar diameter is selected according to the design specifications, and the type and quantity of longitudinal reinforcement, mid-span top reinforcement, and support negative reinforcement are selected based on rules. The rebar configuration of each part is ensured to meet the structural design requirements through rule-based algorithm calculation. For the selection of mid-span bottom reinforcement, an independent calculation method is adopted, and a genetic algorithm is used to optimize the combination of diameter and number of bars. The ratio of the actual reinforcement area to the calculated reinforcement area of ​​each module is recorded to control the over-selection rate and allocate the number of rebar rows. Selecting concrete beam web reinforcement: Based on the calculated reinforcement area, determine whether torsional web reinforcement is needed; if so, optimize the diameter and number combinations using a heuristic algorithm to select the appropriate configuration; if the reinforcement area is zero, determine whether structural web reinforcement is needed based on the beam height; specifically: S301. Calculate the reinforcement area based on the current span of the web reinforcement and classify the web reinforcement type; S302. If the calculated reinforcement area of ​​the web reinforcement is 0, then it is a structural web reinforcement. S30201. Determine whether structural stirrups are needed based on the effective height requirements of the beam. S3020101. If the effective height H is 0, no structural stirrups shall be configured. S3020102. If the effective height is not 0, the minimum diameter shall be used as the rebar type, according to the formula: Calculate the number of beams, where H represents the beam height, S represents the spacing, and N represents the number of beams. S30202. Calculate the reinforcement area based on the web reinforcement and set anti-torsional web reinforcement; S3020201. Sort the diameters according to the preferred diameter and the diameter selection library; S3020202. Calculate in the order of increasing diameter and increasing number of pieces to select the diameter model and number of pieces that meet the requirements; Selecting concrete column reinforcement: Based on design requirements and stress analysis, select the direction with fewer legs required for the transverse and longitudinal reinforcement of the concrete column for preliminary reinforcement calculation, and record the reinforcement parameters such as the diameter, number of legs and number of bars of the reinforcement in that direction. Based on the calculated transverse or longitudinal reinforcement information, determine the stirrup configuration in the other direction. Selecting and matching concrete floor slab reinforcement: Sort the list of reinforcement diameters and the list of reinforcement spacing in the floor slab, and adjust the reinforcement according to the principle of first adjusting the reinforcement diameter and then adjusting the reinforcement spacing, until the reinforcement configuration of the floor slab meets the design requirements. Selecting concrete foundation reinforcement: Based on the foundation structure, the reinforcement configuration is divided into four directions: top transverse, top longitudinal, bottom transverse, and bottom longitudinal. The concrete slab reinforcement selection algorithm is applied to each of the four directions to record the diameter, type, and spacing of the reinforcement in each direction, and the configuration information is returned.

2. The automatic reinforcement selection method for concrete frame members according to claim 1, characterized in that, The selected longitudinal reinforcement of the concrete beam is specifically as follows: S201. Determine the lap splice mode at the middle of the beam: Based on the selected lap splice mode at the middle of the beam, obtain the corresponding parameters and determine whether the lap splice is the normal mode or the upper reinforcement mode at the middle of the span. S202, Support Combination: S20201. Determine the situation at both ends of a multi-span beam and perform merging processing; S2020101. If there are cantilevered ends and the merging mode includes cantilever merging, then the calculated area of ​​the corresponding cantilevered end and the support of the connected beam shall be set to the same value. S20202: Traverse multi-span beams and merge the areas of beams that meet the conditions; S2020201. If merging is allowed, and the difference in the calculated reinforcement area and ratio between the current beam and the adjacent beam support is within the allowable range, select the maximum calculated reinforcement area to assign a value to the beam support area. S203. Determine the appropriate diameter for each single-span support location; S20301, Processing of the preferred diameter and reinforcement diameter database; S2030101. Sort the reinforcement selection library by diameter from largest to smallest according to the diameter size; S20302, Trial calculation of the preferred diameter; S2030201. Based on the calculated reinforcement area and preferred diameter of the current support, calculate the required number of steel bars. S2030202. Check if the number of roots is within the range. S20303. When the preferred diameter does not meet the number of bars required, steel bars shall be selected from the diameter selection library for trial calculation. S2030301. When the number of bars calculated for the preferred diameter is less than the minimum number of bars, start from the model in the diameter selection library that is closest to the preferred diameter and try to calculate towards the smaller diameter until the bar count condition is met. S2030302. When the number of bars calculated for the preferred diameter is greater than the maximum number of bars, start from the model in the diameter selection library that is closest to the preferred diameter and try to calculate towards the larger diameter until the bar count condition is met. S204. Set the number of continuous longitudinal bars. According to the structural requirements, at least two through bars are required at the top of the mid-span. S205, optional upper cross section; S20501. Calculate the number and diameter of the upper reinforcement bars required at mid-span. S2050101. The diameter of the upper reinforcement bar at mid-span should be the same as that of the support. S2050102, the number of upper reinforcement bars at mid-span is calculated based on the reinforcement area, current diameter and type, and the number of longitudinal reinforcement bars at the corresponding location. S20502. Adjust the number of reinforcing bars according to the erection pattern; S2050201. When the use of stirrup reinforcement is permitted, the upper mid-span reinforcement will not be adjusted for the time being. S2050202. When the use of stirrups is not allowed, the number of upper stirrups shall be adjusted according to the minimum number of stirrups required. S205020201. At the middle position of a single span where the number of steel bars is less than the minimum requirement, supplement the steel bars to the minimum number. S205020202: If the minimum number of roots requirement is met, no further processing is required. S206, Adjustment of the pattern of the upper reinforcement bars along the entire length and mid-span; S20601. If the small diameter or mid-span top reinforcement mode is selected, all diameters and numbers of the continuous longitudinal reinforcement are superimposed on the mid-span top reinforcement position, and the continuous longitudinal reinforcement is left empty. S20602. If the continuous longitudinal reinforcement mode is selected, no adjustment is required for now; S207, Replacement of negative reinforcement in support; S20701. If there are continuous longitudinal bars, subtract the number of continuous longitudinal bars from the number of bars at the support. S20702. If there are upper reinforcement bars at the mid-span, subtract the number of upper reinforcement bars at the mid-span from the number of reinforcement bars at the support. S208, Selection of lower reinforcement bars; S20801, diameter and the number of roots This serves as the input for the genetic algorithm; S20802, Constructing the objective function S20803. Set the number of iterations, and record the optimal solution of the iteration process through selection, crossover and mutation operations to obtain the number of reinforcing bars and diameter type of the lower part of the span. S209, Adjustment of the diameter and model of the upper reinforcement bar at mid-span; S20901. Calculate the difference between the actual area and the calculated area of ​​the upper reinforcement at the left support, right support, and mid-span of the current span, and take the minimum value. ; S20902. Find the diameter model one level smaller than the current mid-span diameter model r0. ; S20903, According to the formula: , thus obtaining the corresponding number of changed roots; S210, Adjustment of the diameter and model of the negative reinforcement bar of the support; S21001. Calculate the difference between the actual area and the calculated area of ​​the current support, the continuous longitudinal reinforcement, and the top reinforcement at mid-span, and take the minimum value. The other update methods are the same as S209; S211, Record the information of the vertical reinforcement of the frame; S21101. If the use of support reinforcement is not allowed, S211 ends. S21102. If the use of stirrups is allowed, iterate through the number of stirrups at the mid-span of each span. Where the minimum number of stirrups is not met, add stirrups until the total number of stirrups at the mid-span meets the minimum number requirement. S212. Traverse each part, record the ratio of actual reinforcement area to calculated reinforcement area, and record the over-reinforcement rate. S213. Traverse each part and assign the number of rows of reinforcing bars to be selected.

3. The automatic reinforcement selection method for concrete frame members according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific type of reinforced concrete column steel is: S401. Calculate the direction with the smaller number of limbs between the horizontal and vertical directions of the column. S402, the calculation formula and method are the same as S101, record the diameter, number of limbs, and number of roots in the current direction; S403. Based on the results recorded in S402, calculate the stirrup information in the other direction; S40301. First, fix the diameter and number of pieces, and only change the number of legs; S40302. If the area ratio requirement is still not met even when the number of limbs is increased to the maximum, then adjustments should be made according to the principle of increasing the diameter and decreasing the spacing.

4. The automatic reinforcement selection method for concrete frame members according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific reinforcement bars selected for the concrete floor slab are: S501, Sorting the list of floor slab diameters; S502, Sorting of floor slab spacing list; S50201. According to the maximum spacing and minimum spacing and the adjustment module component spacing list, save the spacing list sorted from largest to smallest; S50202: Add the preferred spacing to the beginning of the S50202 list and remove spacing values ​​that are not within the allowable spacing range; S503. Perform trial calculations according to the principle of first changing the diameter and then changing the spacing until the reinforcement requirements are met.

5. The method for automatic selection of reinforcing steel in concrete frame members according to claim 1, characterized in that, The selected concrete foundation reinforcement specifically refers to: S601. Divide the foundation according to the top horizontal, top vertical, bottom horizontal, and bottom vertical divisions. S602, Use the same method for selecting reinforcement in concrete slabs in each direction; S603, Record the diameter model spacing values ​​in each direction and return them.

6. An automatic reinforcement matching system for concrete frame members, characterized in that, For implementing the automatic reinforcement selection method for concrete frame members according to any one of claims 1-5, the automatic reinforcement selection system for concrete frame members comprises: Concrete beam stirrup selection module: Based on engineering design requirements and specifications, determine the maximum and minimum diameter range of stirrups, and generate a stirrup diameter selection list according to a certain step size; determine the beam type based on the beam's stress characteristics, span, and load distribution; and optimize the selection of stirrup diameter, number of legs, and number of stirrups using a genetic algorithm, taking into account the beam type and stress characteristics. Concrete beam longitudinal reinforcement selection module: This module clarifies the lap splice method of the longitudinal reinforcement in the middle of the beam and performs support merging; for each single-span support location, it selects applicable steel bar diameters according to design specifications, and selects the type and quantity of continuous longitudinal reinforcement, top mid-span reinforcement, and support negative reinforcement based on rules; it ensures that the reinforcement configuration of each part meets the structural design requirements through rule-based algorithm calculations; for the selection of bottom mid-span reinforcement, it adopts an independent calculation method, using a genetic algorithm to optimize the combination of diameter and number of bars; it records the ratio of the actual reinforcement area to the calculated reinforcement area for each module, controls the over-reinforcement rate, and allocates the number of steel bar rows; Concrete beam web reinforcement selection module: Based on the calculated reinforcement area, determine whether torsional web reinforcement is needed; if so, optimize the combination of diameter type and number of bars through heuristic algorithm and select the configuration; if the reinforcement area is zero, determine whether to add structural web reinforcement based on the beam height. Concrete column reinforcement selection module: Based on design requirements and stress analysis, select the direction with fewer legs required for the transverse and longitudinal reinforcement of the concrete column for preliminary reinforcement calculation, record the reinforcement parameters such as the diameter, number of legs and number of bars of the reinforcement in this direction, and determine the stirrup configuration in the other direction based on the calculated transverse or longitudinal reinforcement information. Reinforcement selection module for concrete floor slabs: Sort the list of reinforcement diameters and the list of reinforcement spacing in the floor slab, and adjust the reinforcement according to the principle of first adjusting the reinforcement diameter and then adjusting the reinforcement spacing, until the reinforcement configuration of the floor slab meets the design requirements; Concrete foundation reinforcement selection module: Based on the foundation structure, the reinforcement configuration is divided into four directions: top transverse, top longitudinal, bottom transverse, and bottom longitudinal. The concrete slab reinforcement selection algorithm is applied to each of the four directions, and the diameter, type, and spacing of the reinforcement in each direction are recorded. The configuration information is then returned.

7. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it is described in any one of claims 1-5 as the automatic selection method for reinforcing steel bars in concrete frame members.

8. A computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions, when executed on a computer, causing the computer to perform the automatic selection method for reinforcing steel bars in a concrete frame member as described in any one of claims 1-5.

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