Electromagnet and locking assembly having an electromagnet and a spring

Abstract

The invention relates to an electromagnet and a locking assembly with the electromagnet and a spring pre-locking part. The locking assembly comprises the electromagnet with an armature and an armature rod; a member rotatable about an axis in a first direction of rotation and an opposite second direction of rotation and having a circumferential engagement portion; a locking member having a reset surface, the locking member being connected to the armature lever and being adjustable between a locked position in which the locking member is inserted into one of the engagement portions to prevent rotation of the rotatable member in the first rotational direction, and a released position in which the locking member is released from the first rotational direction; the locking part is separated from the joint with one of the joint parts at the release position so as to allow the rotatable part to rotate along the second rotation direction; the spring part is used for pre-tightening the locking part to the locking position and allowing the locking part to reset to the releasing position; wherein the rotatable part can act on the restoring surface during rotation in the second rotational direction in order to place the locking part in the release position against the spring force of the spring element.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an electromagnet and a locking assembly. Background Art

[0002] From practice and in particular from the technical field of parking locks and parking brakes, locks based on a rotating shaft of a bistable solenoid, such as in a handbrake, are known. The armature rod of the solenoid valve serves to prevent the shaft from rotating. This design is problematic, in particular in terms of the large installation space required.

[0003] However, the functional scope of the known locks also needs to be improved in view of the necessity of temperature-induced readjustment functions, especially for electric parking locks and parking brakes. This is because the thermally actuated electric parking brake is usually preloaded with an electric motor when the vehicle is switched off. By locking the motor shaft to the magnet of the electric parking lock, a parking brake effect is achieved, and the brake can no longer be "opened". However, when the brake cools down, the component size is reduced and the parking lock is unlocked, as a result of which the vehicle can be moved.

[0004] For this purpose, a systematic solution is proposed in practice, in which the electric motor is turned again after a few minutes according to the electronically stored brake cooling curve and the brake lining is pressed more firmly against the brake disc / brake drum again. However, the reliability and durability of the previously known locking assemblies are not sufficient to allow such a readjustment function. In addition, the permanent electromagnetic holding force of the previously known locking assemblies prevents reliable readjustment. This is because the armature had to be moved out of its locked position or blocking position for readjustment. During this period, the system is in the "open" state and does not prevent the vehicle from rolling away in the event of a malfunction. The re-generation of the locked position or blocking position takes too long and / or cannot be reliably achieved in the event of a malfunction. Summary of the invention

[0005] It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an electromagnet and locking assembly that overcomes the above-mentioned problems and disadvantages.

[0006] Therefore, an electromagnet for a locking assembly is proposed, comprising an armature that can be fixed in at least one stable permanent magnetic end position, an armature rod, a coil that can be selectively energized for adjusting the armature, and a spring element that is supported at one end on a first support seat and at the other end on a second support seat, the second support seat being movably mounted relative to the first support seat so that the second support seat can move relative to the armature and / or the armature rod when the coil is not energized and / or during the stable permanent magnetic end position of the armature.

[0007] The spring element allows the second bearing seat to be movable and reset when the coil is not energized and / or during the stable permanent magnetic end position of the armature. However, this advantage allows readjustment without having to move the armature by energizing the coil.

[0008] The first bearing seat can be realized by an armature, an armature rod, a claw or a claw portion. The second bearing seat can be realized by an armature rod, a component guided on the armature rod such as a guide housing, a claw or a claw portion (preferably another claw portion).

[0009] The permanent magnetic retention of the armature can be achieved, for example, by means of a coil or a yoke.

[0010] The configurations and advantages described below with respect to the locking assembly should also be considered to be disclosed and capable of being claimed with respect to the electromagnet, and vice versa.

[0011] A locking assembly is also proposed, comprising an electromagnet having an armature and an armature rod, a component rotatable about an axis in a first rotational direction and an opposite second rotational direction and having a circumferential engagement portion, a locking component having a reset surface, a spring member, the locking component being connected to the armature rod and adjustable between a locked position and a released position, in which the locking component is inserted into one of the engagement portions to prevent the rotatable component from rotating in the first direction, and in which the locking component is disengaged from one of the engagement portions to allow the rotatable component to rotate in the second rotational direction, the spring member preloads the locking component to the locked position and allows the locking component to be reset to the released position, wherein the rotatable component can act on the reset surface during rotation in the second rotational direction so as to place the locking component in the released position against the spring force of the spring member. The electromagnet may be an electromagnet according to the present invention.

[0012] In the locked position, the locking element prevents the rotatable element from rotating in the first rotational direction and allows the rotatable element to rotate in the second rotational direction. The rotatable element can then advantageously be rotated out of the locked position, in which, for example, the locking assembly prevents the motor vehicle from rolling away accidentally in the second rotational direction, for example in order to readjust it after a few minutes and to be able to place the brake lining more firmly against the brake disc / brake drum again. In the released position, readjustment can be performed. The spring element allows readjustment and also produces a newer locked position again. Readjustment can therefore take place without the help of an electromagnet or its activation. Due to the multiple engagements, readjustment can be performed in a ratchet manner. This is because the rotatable element can be further rotated relative to the locking element in the second rotational direction for as long as desired; the locking element can be immediately inserted into any engagement and can be put into the released position again when it is further rotated in the second rotational direction.

[0013] The circumferential side of the rotatable part may have teeth, the toothed side being formed by the circumferential engagement portion.

[0014] During the rotation in the second rotational direction, the rotatable part acts on the reset surface to place the locking part in the release position against the spring force of the spring element in the locked position. Acting on the reset surface to place the locking part in its release position can be achieved by corresponding engagement parts or teeth or tooth flanks.

[0015] The locking assembly can be adjusted between a driving position and a parking position by adjusting the armature. In the driving position, the locking part can be spaced apart from the rotatable part due to a corresponding adjustment of the armature. The distance can be an air distance. The locking part can be in a neutral position. In the parking position, the locking part can be in its locked position due to a corresponding adjustment of the armature. In the parking position, the locking part can also be adjusted into its release position, but this is not caused by the adjustment of the armature, but is allowed by the spring element.

[0016] The electromagnet can adjust the armature between an extended, extended position and a retracted, retracted position. The driving position or the parking position can be set in the extended position. The other of the driving position and the parking position can be set in the retracted position. The electromagnet can be a bistable electromagnet. Therefore, the extended position and the retracted position can be set in stable end positions of the armature. In these end positions, the armature can be permanently magnetized, preferably without energization to ensure the end position. The armature can adjust the armature rod to produce a locked position of the locking part. As a result, the locked position (of the locking part) and / or the parking position (of the locking assembly) can be produced in a simple manner.

[0017] The locking assembly thus allows the locking element to be displaced against the force of the spring element without the armature having to be adjusted from its end position and without having to return it to the end position after readjustment. In addition, the release position and the updated locking position can be produced without current. Current supply and switching of the electromagnet for readjustment is avoided. Safety is thus significantly increased, since a situation in which the locking assembly is "opened" in the parking position due to current supply for readjustment is avoided, in particular a failure to prevent the motor vehicle from rolling away accidentally is avoided.

[0018] The spring element allows a released position due to its own compression or energy absorption. The spring element can produce a locked position due to its own extension or energy release. It also has a tolerance compensation function. Due to the fact that it preloads the locking part into the locked position, it can compensate for tolerances between the (preferably stable) end position of the armature and the end stop of the locking part engaging the rotatable part and ensure a stable locked position.

[0019] The locking assembly may be a parking lock locking assembly or a parking brake locking assembly.

[0020] According to a conceivable embodiment of the locking assembly, the reset surface can be designed and / or arranged in such a way that contact by the rotatable part and its rotation in the second rotational direction leads to adjustment of the locking part, preferably to longitudinal adjustment of the locking part in the axial direction or in the longitudinal direction.

[0021] According to one conceivable embodiment of the locking assembly, the locking member may have a reset surface and a locking surface. These surfaces may be arranged on opposite sides of the locking member and / or may face in opposite directions. The locking surface can abut against the engagement portion of the rotatable member and prevent the rotatable member from rotating in the first rotational direction.

[0022] According to a conceivable embodiment of the locking assembly, the locking surface may be designed and / or arranged such that contact by the rotatable component prevents the rotatable component from rotating in the first rotational direction. Contact with the locking surface may be achieved by corresponding engagement portions or teeth.

[0023] The armature rod can be hollow and / or can be multi-piece. For this purpose, it can include at least a first and a second armature rod. As a result, the armature rod mass is reduced to obtain a higher adjustability and flow capacity. The armature rods can be fitted into each other and / or fixedly connected to each other. This is used to reduce the required installation space and for optimal function. The interior of the armature rod can be directly fluidically connected to each other, for example, through end side holes in the armature rod. This leads to an optimal flow capacity via the shortest possible path. The armature rod can form a peripheral flange on its end side, preferably formed in one piece. The peripheral flange can define an armature stop. As a result, other components can be omitted to save installation space and avoid connection. The armature rod can form a diameter step, preferably formed in one piece. The diameter step can define a direct support on which the spring element can be supported. As a result, other components can be omitted to save installation space and avoid connection.

[0024] According to one embodiment of the locking assembly, for example according to the first aspect, the locking member can be fixedly connected to the armature rod. This reduces the number of components and results in a consistent movement of the armature rod and the locking member. The locking member can be fastened to the armature rod, preferably at one end of the rod. This avoids kinematics between the armature rod and the locking member that require installation space. The rod end is the end facing the rotatable member.

[0025] According to a conceivable embodiment of the locking assembly, the locking element can be a locking wedge. The locking wedge can reliably prevent the rotatable element from rotating in the first rotational direction in the locked position in a functionally effective but at the same time geometrically simple manner, but can also be brought into the released position. Furthermore, the locking surface and the restoring surface can be formed on both sides of the wedge in a geometrically simple manner.

[0026] According to one embodiment of the locking assembly, the armature can be mounted movably relative to the armature rod. In an advantageous manner, the armature and the armature rod can move relative to each other. Specifically, even when the armature is in a stable end position when the electromagnet coil is de-energized, the armature rod can be adjusted against the spring force by the locking member, and the release position of the locking member can be simply achieved. But on the contrary, it may also be advantageous that the movement caused by the locking member of the armature rod has no effect on the stable end position of the armature, and the armature maintains its stable position. As a result, a small spring element can be used because it does not have to work against magnetic forces. The armature can be movably mounted on the armature rod and / or the armature tube and / or the coil body and / or the support bushing. In addition, the so-called drawer effect between the armature and the armature rod, which may be caused by magnetic forces and other lateral forces, can be avoided thereby.

[0027] According to a conceivable embodiment of the locking assembly, the locking assembly can be designed to place the locking part into the release position against the spring force of the spring element and the subsequent movement of the locking part into the locked position can take place when the armature is stationary. In addition, at the same time, the armature can remain in a stable position and / or the coil can be de-energized at the same time. Thus, advantageously, neither power supply nor air gap need to be generated at the armature. The locking assembly can reliably prevent the motor vehicle from rolling away accidentally. This can be achieved, for example, by relatively movable mounting of the spring element and the armature relative to the armature rod.

[0028] According to one embodiment of the locking assembly, the armature rod can have or form an armature stop, by means of which the armature rod can strike the armature. The armature stop can be configured in the form of a peripheral step or a diameter step. The armature stop can advantageously be used in a dual manner. Firstly, it can be limited to an end position between the armature and the armature rod, so that the armature rod cannot be adjusted further. Therefore, the adjustment stroke of the armature rod may be limited. Secondly, the armature stop can serve as a drive member and drive the armature rod when adjusting the armature. As a result, the locking part can be moved out of its locked position by electromagnetic means. Due to the armature stop, the armature rod can limit the adjustment stroke in one of its adjustment directions (for example in the direction of the rotatable part) and can engage with the armature in a form-fitting manner, so that it can be moved in the opposite adjustment direction relative to the armature.

[0029] According to a conceivable embodiment of the locking assembly, the armature stop can abut the armature in the locked position of the locking element and / or in the neutral position of the locking element. The abutment can be caused by a spring element. As a result, a compact design can be achieved. In the neutral position, the locking part can be spaced apart from the rotatable part. The distance can be an aerial distance. The distance can be achieved based on a corresponding adjustment of the armature. The armature can be designed for this purpose.

[0030] According to one embodiment of the locking assembly, the spring element can be a helical spring, which is supported at one end on the armature and at the other end directly on the armature rod or on a support part fixedly connected to the armature rod. The armature itself can remain permanently magnetic, so that it is a stable support seat for the spring element, especially in its extended position. The support of the spring element on both sides of the armature and the armature rod leads to a mechanical connection of these two parts. The spring element can also be a meander spring or a cup spring. For direct support, the armature rod can be formed with a diameter step or a flange, preferably formed in one piece. This reduces the number of required components.

[0031] According to a conceivable embodiment of the locking assembly, the spring force of the spring element can be lower than the permanent magnetic holding force of the armature, preferably in its extended position. As a result, even if the locking member is placed in its release position against the spring force and resists the permanent magnetic holding force of the armature, the spring element is advantageously unable to adjust the armature.

[0032] According to a conceivable embodiment of the locking assembly, the rotatable part acting on the reset surface when rotating in the second rotational direction can lead to an adjustment of the locking part and the armature rod in the axial direction. Thus, the armature rod can be pushed into the housing of the electromagnet.

[0033] According to an embodiment of the locking assembly, for example according to the second aspect, the locking member can be an integral claw and / or can be movably mounted relative to the armature rod at one end, preferably via an elongated hole, and / or can be rotatably mounted at the other end. The claw allows a nonlinear adjustment of the locking member between a locked position and a released position. In addition, the position of the lock between the locking member and the engagement portion can be located away from the electromagnet or can also be arranged transversely to the longitudinal axis. The elongated hole allows a controlled guided movement of the claw. The integral claw can be composed of a single piece. The locking member can have teeth forming a reset surface and a locking surface. The locking member can be mounted on a rotating support at the other end.

[0034] According to a conceivable embodiment of the locking assembly, the armature rod and the locking member can be kinematically coupled to each other in such a way that a linear adjustment of the armature rod causes a rotation of the locking member. As a result, the locking member can be pivoted out of its locked position.

[0035] According to one embodiment of the locking assembly, the armature rod may include a guide housing, which can be movably guided on the armature rod body and may have a bearing point, preferably a bearing spindle, for the locking member. The guide housing may be guided on the armature rod body so as to be longitudinally movable. The armature rod body may be surrounded by the armature rod. If the armature is fixedly connected to the armature rod, the mobility between the armature rod body and the guide housing may be advantageous. This is because the locking member can be adjusted to its release position by adjusting the guide housing. The locking member may be mounted at the bearing point, the bearing spindle preferably being inserted in the elongated hole. The bearing spindle may be oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.

[0036] According to a conceivable embodiment of the locking assembly, the inner peripheral side of the guide housing can have a bearing surface for guiding on the armature rod body. As a result, the guide housing is firmly guided and fixed in a tilt-proof manner. For the sake of simple and cost-effective production, the inner peripheral bearing surface can be formed by a radially inward-turned wall of the guide housing.

[0037] According to a conceivable embodiment of the locking assembly, the guide housing can be arranged at one end of the armature rod body. This reduces the required installation space.

[0038] According to a possible embodiment of the locking assembly, the spring element can be a helical spring, which is supported on the guide housing at one end and directly supported on the armature rod or armature rod body at the other end or on a support portion fixedly connected to the armature rod, armature rod body or armature. As a result, the guide housing and also the locking component connected thereto can be preloaded. The armature rod / armature rod body or armature all constitute a firm support seat for the spring element. The support of the spring element on both sides of the armature rod / armature rod body / armature and the guide housing causes the two parts to be mechanically connected. This position of the spring element makes it possible for the guide housing to be adjusted and preloaded independently of the position of the armature or armature rod or armature rod body. The spring element can also be a bending spring or a cup spring.

[0039] According to a conceivable embodiment of the locking assembly, the spring element can be arranged on the outer circumference relative to the armature rod or the armature rod body. This arrangement saves installation space.

[0040] According to a conceivable embodiment of the locking assembly, the spring element can be arranged in the guide housing. This arrangement saves installation space and protects the spring element from contamination.

[0041] According to a conceivable embodiment of the locking assembly, the armature rod or the armature rod body may have or form a guide housing stop. The guide housing stop may be configured as a peripheral step or a diameter step. The guide housing stop may advantageously be used dually. First, it can define the end position between the armature rod / armature rod body and the guide housing, so that the guide housing cannot be further adjusted. As a result, the adjustment stroke of the guide housing may be limited. Secondly, when adjusting the armature rod / armature rod body / armature, the guide housing stop may serve as a drive member and may drive the guide housing. As a result, the locking member may be moved out of its locked position by electromagnetic means. Due to the guide housing stop, the adjustment stroke of the guide housing in one of its adjustment directions may be limited, and the guide housing may move in opposite adjustment directions relative to the armature rod and / or the armature rod body and / or the armature and may be engaged with the armature rod and / or the armature rod body and / or the armature in a form-fitting manner.

[0042] According to a conceivable embodiment of the locking assembly, the armature can be fixedly connected to the armature rod or the armature rod body. This reduces the number of parts and results in a consistent movement of the armature and the armature rod / armature rod body. This avoids mobility between the armature and the armature rod / armature rod body that requires installation space.

[0043] According to a conceivable embodiment of the locking assembly, the locking assembly can be designed so that the locking part can be placed into the release position against the spring force of the spring part, and the subsequent movement of the locking part into the locked position can take place when the armature is stationary. In addition, at the same time, the armature can remain in a stable position and / or the coil can be de-energized at the same time. Therefore, it is advantageously not necessary to energize or to generate an air gap at the armature. The locking assembly can reliably prevent the motor vehicle from rolling away accidentally. This can be achieved, for example, by a relatively movable mounting of the spring part and the armature or the armature rod relative to the guide housing.

[0044] According to an embodiment of the locking assembly, for example according to the third aspect, the locking member can be a multi-piece pawl and / or can be movably mounted relative to the armature rod at one end, preferably via an elongated hole, and / or can be rotatably mounted at the other end. The multi-piece pawl allows a non-linear adjustment of the locking member between the locked position and the released position. In addition, the location of the lock between the locking member and the engagement portion can be located away from the electromagnet or can also be arranged transversely relative to the longitudinal axis. The elongated hole allows a controlled guided movement of the pawl. The locking member can have teeth forming a reset surface and a locking surface.

[0045] According to a conceivable embodiment of the locking assembly, the multi-piece pawl can include at least two pawl parts, which can be arranged to be movable relative to and on each other. As a result, for example, the spring element can be arranged only on the pawl itself. The armature or the armature rod can remain without the spring element.

[0046] According to a conceivable embodiment of the locking assembly, the at least two claws can be mounted together rotatably. This is used for the bending movement of the locking component itself and leads to a saving of installation space, especially in combination with the leg spring.

[0047] According to a conceivable embodiment of the locking assembly, one of the claws can have or form a claw stop for the other claw. Firstly, the claw stop can define an end position between the respective claws, and the two claws cannot then be adjusted relative to each other. As a result, the adjustment travel of the claws can be limited. Secondly, the claw stop can act as a drive element and can drive the other claw when one claw is adjusted. As a result, the locking element can be moved out of its locked position electromagnetically. Therefore, due to the claw stop, the adjustment travel of the claw without the claw stop in one of its adjustment directions can be limited, and the claw without the claw stop can move in the opposite adjustment direction relative to the claw with the claw stop and can engage in a form-fitting manner with the claw with the claw stop. The form-fitting engagement can be achieved by a spring element.

[0048] According to one embodiment of the locking assembly, the armature rod may include a guide, which may be fixedly connected to the armature rod and may have a bearing point, preferably a bearing spindle, for the locking member. Due to the guide, the armature rod remainder may have a smaller diameter and be more slender. This is because the locking member can be adjusted to its release position by adjusting the guide. The locking member may be mounted at the bearing point, the bearing spindle preferably engaging in the slotted hole. The bearing spindle may be oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.

[0049] According to a conceivable embodiment of the locking assembly, the spring element can be a leg spring which is supported at one end on one claw part of the multi-part claw and at the other end on the other claw part of the multi-part claw. The leg spring is advantageously used to preload the two claw parts against each other, preferably in the direction of the claw stop. The claw parts can be bent relative to each other and return to the preloaded initial position due to the spring.

[0050] According to a conceivable embodiment of the locking assembly, the armature can be fixedly connected to the armature rod or the armature rod body. This reduces the number of components and results in a consistent movement of the armature and the armature rod / armature rod body. This avoids mobility between the armature and the armature rod / armature rod body that requires installation space.

[0051] According to a conceivable embodiment of the locking assembly, the armature rod may include an armature rod body and a guide housing or guide member. As a result, a component that can achieve structural advantages and cost reduction can be formed.

[0052] According to a conceivable embodiment of the locking assembly, the guide element can be arranged at one end of the armature rod. This reduces the required installation space.

[0053] According to a possible embodiment of the locking assembly, the locking assembly can be designed so that the locking part can be placed into the release position against the spring force of the spring element, and the subsequent movement of the locking part into the locked position can take place when the armature is stationary. In addition, at the same time, the armature can remain in a stable position and / or the coil can be de-energized at the same time. Thus, advantageously, neither power supply nor air gap need to be generated at the armature. The locking assembly can reliably prevent the motor vehicle from rolling away accidentally. This can be achieved, for example, by relatively movable mounting of the spring element and the claw relative to each other.

[0054] The rotatable part can be a gear or a shaft. Thus, the locking assembly can interact with a component in a simple and installation space-saving manner, which component itself can also belong to another component such as an electric motor. The rotatable part can be driven by an electric motor. The engagement part can be arranged on the outer peripheral side of the rotatable part, which position may also be suitable for teeth. This exposes it in a simple way to the locking action of a locking part that can be engaged from the outside. The axis of the rotatable part can be its rotation axis. The rotatable part can be rotated relative to the electromagnet. These engagement parts can be arranged equidistantly from each other and / or extend over the entire circumference. The rotatable part can be formed rotationally symmetrically about this axis. As a result, the position of the rotatable part relative to the locking part has basically no influence on the locked position. The direction of rotation can be opposite.

[0055] The connection between the armature rod and the locking element can be a positive fit.

[0056] The armature and the armature rod can be oriented concentrically relative to each other. The armature and the armature rod can be moved longitudinally in the armature space. The armature can have an axial hole for accommodating the armature rod. The armature rod can extend from the armature on one side, preferably on both sides.

[0057] Also included herein is a method for operating a locking assembly of the present invention, comprising the steps of:

[0058] - providing a locking assembly according to the invention,

[0059] - adjusting the locking assembly to its parked position, wherein the locking member is inserted into one of the engagement portions to prevent the rotatable member from rotating in a first rotational direction,

[0060] - Perform reconditioning, comprising the following sub-steps:

[0061] o when the coil is not energized, the rotatable part is rotated in the second rotational direction and the locking part is thereby placed into the release position against the spring force of the spring element,

[0062] o Re-inserting the locking member into one of the engagement portions when the coil is not energized to prevent the rotatable member from rotating in the first rotational direction.

[0063] In the parking position, the locking assembly is suitable for preventing the motor vehicle from rolling away accidentally. The advantages described above with respect to the locking assembly also apply analogously to the operating method, to which reference is made in this regard. The readjustment is preferably carried out completely when the coil is not energized or the armature is not adjusted. The method steps can be carried out in a specified sequence. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0064] Further features, details and advantages of the invention are derived from the following description of exemplary embodiments based on the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:

[0065] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing an electromagnet,

[0066] Figure 2 A first longitudinal section showing a locking assembly of a first embodiment,

[0067] Figure 3 A second longitudinal section showing the locking assembly of the first embodiment,

[0068] Figure 4 A third longitudinal sectional view showing the locking assembly of the first embodiment,

[0069] Figure 5 A first longitudinal section showing a locking assembly of a second embodiment,

[0070] Figure 6 A second longitudinal section showing a locking assembly of a second embodiment,

[0071] Figure 7 A third longitudinal sectional view showing the locking assembly of the second embodiment,

[0072] Figure 8 A first longitudinal section showing a locking assembly of a third embodiment,

[0073] Fig. 9 A second longitudinal sectional view showing a locking assembly of a third embodiment,

[0074] Fig.10 a third longitudinal sectional view showing a locking assembly of a third embodiment, and Fig.11 A first longitudinal cross-sectional view of a locking assembly of a fourth embodiment is shown.

[0075] Reference numerals list

[0076] 2 Electromagnet 302 Electromagnet

[0077] 10 Spring part 303 Armature

[0078] 16 coil 304 armature rod

[0079] 100 locking assembly 305 housing

[0080] 102 electromagnet 306 locking component

[0081] 103 armature 306a claw part

[0082] 104 armature rod 306b claw portion

[0083] 105 housing 306c pivot point

[0084] 106 locking member 307 ring member

[0085] 107 ring member 308 reset surface

[0086] 108 reset surface 309 locking surface

[0087] 109 locking surface 310 spring member

[0088] 110 spring parts 312 parts

[0089] 112 component 314 joint

[0090] 114 joint part 315 teeth

[0091] 115 teeth 316 coil

[0092] 116 coil 316a coil package

[0093] 116a coil package 318 coil body

[0094] 118 coil body 350 long hole

[0095] 120 support member 352 guide member

[0096] 150 armature stop 353 armature rod

[0097] 200 locking assembly 354 supporting spindle

[0098] 202 electromagnet 356 armature tube

[0099] 203 armature 360 ​​claw stop

[0100] 204 armature rod 362 rotation support

[0101] 205 housing 364 teeth

[0102] 206 locking component 400 locking assembly

[0103] 207 ring 402 electromagnet

[0104] 208 reset surface 403 armature

[0105] 209 locking surface 404 armature rod

[0106] 210 spring member 404a armature rod

[0107] 212 component 404b armature rod

[0108] 214 joint part 410 spring member

[0109] 215 teeth 421 base

[0110] 216 coil 450 armature stop

[0111] 216a coil package 466 holes

[0112] 218 coil body A1 axis

[0113] 250 Long hole A2 axis

[0114] 252 guide housing B1 support seat

[0115] 253 armature rod body B2 support seat

[0116] 254 Supporting mandrel D1 first rotation direction

[0117] 256 armature tube D2 second rotation direction

[0118] 258 Support surface P1 parking position

[0119] 260 Guide housing stop P2 travel position

[0120] 262 Rotating support PM permanent magnet

[0121] 264 teeth S1 locked position

[0122] 300 Locking assembly S2 release position

[0123] S3 neutral position DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0124] In the drawings, identical or mutually corresponding parts are indicated by the same reference numerals and will therefore not be described again unless it is convenient. In order to avoid repetition, features that have already been described will not be described again, and such features may be applied to all parts with identical or mutually corresponding reference numerals unless this is explicitly excluded. The disclosure in the specification as a whole may be similarly transferred to the same parts with the same reference numerals or the same part names. The same is true for position indications used in the specification such as upper / top side, lower / bottom side, side, etc., which relate to the figures currently described and shown, and will be similarly transferred to the new position in the event of a change in position. In addition, individual features or combinations of features from the different embodiments shown and described may also constitute independent or creative solutions or solutions of the present invention.

[0125] Figure 1 An electromagnet 2 is schematically shown, which can be used, for example, in a locking assembly 100, 200, 300, 400. The electromagnet 2 is penetrated by an axis A1 or a longitudinal axis. It comprises a coil 16 which can be selectively energized for adjusting the armature. The electromagnet 2 also comprises a spring element 10 supported at both ends. One end thereof is supported on a first support seat B1. The support seat B1 can be realized by a component of the electromagnet 2. At the other end, it is supported on a second support seat B2. The support seat B2 can be realized by a component of the electromagnet 2 or by a component separate from the electromagnet. The spring element 10 can be compressed between the support seats B1, B2. The support seats B1, B2 can be mounted so as to move relative to each other.

[0126] The first bearing seat B1 can be realized, for example, by the armature of the electromagnet 2 or the armature rod of the electromagnet 2. In the present case, the first bearing seat B1 is shown, which is fixed to the permanent magnet PM in a stable permanent magnetic end position. The second bearing seat B2 can be realized, for example, by the armature rod of the electromagnet 2 or a component guided on the armature rod, such as a guide housing 252.

[0127] The spring element 10 enables the second bearing block B2 to be moved relative to the armature and / or the armature rod when the coil 16 is not energized and / or during a stable permanent-magnetic end position of the armature.

[0128] Figures 2 to 4 The locking assembly 100 of the first embodiment is shown in longitudinal cross-section. The locking assembly 100 is penetrated by an axis A1. Figure 2 The locking assembly 100 is shown in a state where it is in its parking position P1 , the electromagnet 102 or its armature 103 is in the extended position S4 , and the locking member 106 is in its locked position S1 . Figure 3 The locking assembly 100 is shown in its driving position P2 , the electromagnet 102 or its armature 103 is in the retracted position S5 , and the locking member 106 is in its neutral position S3 . Figure 4 Similar to Figure 2 Schematically shows a state in which the locking assembly 100 is in its parking position P1 , the electromagnet 102 or its armature 103 is in the extended position S4 , and the locking member 106 is in its release position S2 .

[0129] The locking assembly 100 comprises an electromagnet 102. In the present case, the electromagnet is configured in the form of a bistable lifting magnet. The electromagnet 102 comprises a housing 105 and an energizable coil 116 wound on a coil body 118. The coil 116 comprises two coil packages 116a, which are spaced apart in the direction of the axis A1 and surround the ferromagnetic ring 107 with each other. The electromagnet 102 also comprises an armature 103 and an armature rod 104, which extends from the housing 105 at one end. The armature 103 can be adjusted by energizing the coil 116. The armature 103 and the armature rod 104 are oriented concentrically relative to each other and can move in the direction of the axis A1 or in the longitudinal direction in the armature space. The armature 103 has an axial hole for accommodating the armature rod 104.

[0130] The armature 103 is movably mounted relative to the armature rod 104 and is mounted on the armature rod 104 and / or the coil body 118. Nevertheless, the armature 103 can adjust the armature rod 104 to produce a locked position S1. The armature rod 104 forms an armature stop 150, which is configured as a peripheral step or a diameter step. The armature rod can hit the armature 103 with the armature stop 150. Due to the armature stop 150, the adjustment stroke of the armature rod 104 in one of its adjustment directions (along the axis A1 in the direction of the rotatable part 112) can be limited and can move relative to the armature 103 in the opposite adjustment direction (spaced apart from the rotatable part 12 along the axis A1) and can engage with the armature 103 in a shape-fitting manner. Specifically, if the armature 103 is to be moved from Figure 2 The extended position S4 shown is electromagnetically adjusted to Figure 3 In the retracted position S5 shown, the armature 103 entrains the armature rod 104 in its adjustment direction via the armature stop 150 due to the positive fit.

[0131] Furthermore, the locking assembly 100 comprises a rotatable component 112, which in the present case is shown as a gear. It can be rotated about the axis A2 in a first rotational direction D1 and in an opposite second rotational direction D2. The rotatable component 112 can be rotated relative to the electromagnet 102 and is formed rotationally symmetrically about the axis A2. The rotatable component 112 comprises a peripheral side engagement portion 114 and teeth 115, which are all arranged equidistantly relative to each other and extend over the entire circumference.

[0132] The locking assembly 100 further comprises a locking member 106. The locking member 106 is designed as a locking wedge and is fixedly connected to the armature rod 104 at its rod end facing the rotatable member 112. The locking member 106 comprises a reset surface 108 and a locking surface 109. These two surfaces 108, 109 are formed on two wedge sides and are arranged on opposite sides of the locking member 106. In the locked position S1, the locking member 106 is inserted into the engagement portion 114.

[0133] The reset surface 108 is designed to cooperate with the engagement portion 114 or the tooth on the reset surface 108 during the rotation of the rotatable component 112 in the second rotation direction D2, so as to place the locking component 106 into the release position S2 against the force of the spring element 110. When rotating in the second rotation direction D2, the rotatable component 112 acts on the reset surface 108, causing the locking component 106 and the armature rod 104 to be adjusted in the direction of the axis A1. The armature rod 104 is therefore pushed into the housing 105.

[0134] The locking surface 109 is formed such that when the rotatable component 112 is rotated in the first rotational direction D1 , the component 112 cooperates with the engagement portions 114 or teeth on the locking surface 109 and is prevented from rotating in the first rotational direction D1 .

[0135] Furthermore, the locking assembly 100 comprises a spring element 110, which in the present case is realized in the form of a helical compression spring. The spring element 110 is supported at one end on the armature 103 and at the other end on the armature rod 104 or on a support 120 fixedly connected to the armature rod 104. The spring element 110 preloads the locking element 106 into its locked position S1 and allows the locking element 106 to be reset to its released position S2 against the spring force of the spring element 110. The spring force of the spring element 110 is less than the permanent magnetic holding force of the armature 103.

[0136] The locking assembly 100 shown can be adjusted between the parking position P1 and the driving position P2 by adjusting the armature 103. Figure 2 and Figure 4 ), the motor vehicle is stationary and prevented from rolling away, because the locking member 106 engages in the rotatable member 112 to prevent rotation (preventing rotation in the first rotation direction D1). Figure 3 ) the motor vehicle can travel because the locking part 106 is spaced apart from the rotatable part 112 due to a corresponding adjustment of the armature 103.

[0137] The armature 103 shown can be adjusted between the extended position S4 and the retracted position S5 by energizing the coil 116. Figure 2 and Figure 4), the armature 103 is stably held in a permanent magnetic manner. The parking position P1 is provided because the position of the armature 103 on the armature stop 150 in the extended position S4 allows the locking member 106 to be inserted into the engagement portion 114 in a spring-preloaded manner. In contrast, in the retracted position S5 ( Figure 3 ), the armature 103 is held in the second position of the bistable solenoid by the stable permanent magnet. The driving position P2 is set because in the retracted position S5, the armature 103 has adjusted the armature rod 104 through the armature stop 150, so that the locking part 106 is disengaged from the engagement part 114, and the rotatable part 112 can rotate freely.

[0138] The locking member 106 can be adjusted between a locking position S1, a release position S2 and a neutral position S3. Figure 2 ), it is inserted into one of the engagement portions 114 to prevent the rotatable member 112 from rotating in the first rotation direction D1. The rotation of the rotatable member 112 in the second rotation direction D2 results in the release position S2 ( Figure 4 ). Re-adjustment can occur in the release position S2, which occurs during the parking position P1 of the locking assembly 100 and also during the extended position S4 of the armature 103, if the locking member 106 is disengaged from the corresponding engagement portion 114 to allow the rotatable member 112 to rotate in the second rotational direction D2. In the neutral position S3 ( Figure 3 ), since the armature is adjusted to the retracted position S5, the locking member 106 is spaced apart from the rotatable member 112.

[0139] Therefore, the locking assembly 100 is designed to place the locking member 106 into the release position S2 against the spring force of the spring member 110, and the subsequent movement of the locking member 106 to the locking position S1 can occur when the armature 103 is stationary. At the same time, when the coil 116 is not energized, the armature remains in a stable position.

[0140] Figures 5 to 7 The locking assembly 200 of the second embodiment is shown in longitudinal section. The locking assembly 200 is penetrated by the axis A1. Figure 5 The locking assembly 200 is shown in a state where it is in its parking position P1 , the electromagnet 202 or its armature 203 is in a retracted position S5 , and the locking member 206 is in its locking position S1 . Figure 6 The locking assembly 200 is shown in its driving position P2 , the electromagnet 202 or its armature 203 is in the extended position S4 , and the locking member 206 is in its neutral position S3 . Figure 7 Similar to Figure 5 Schematically shows a state in which the locking assembly 200 is in its parking position P1, the electromagnet 202 or its armature 203 is in the retracted position S5, and the locking member 206 is in its release position S2.

[0141] The locking assembly 200 includes an electromagnet 202. In the present case, the electromagnet is configured in the form of a bistable lifting magnet. The electromagnet 202 includes a housing 205 and an energizable coil 216 wound on a coil body 218. The coil 216 includes two coil packages 216a, which are spaced apart in the direction of the axis A1 and surround the ferromagnetic ring 207 with each other. The electromagnet 202 also includes an armature 203 and an armature rod 204, which extends from the housing 205 at one end. The armature 203 can be adjusted by energizing the coil 216. The armature 203 and the armature rod 204 are oriented concentrically relative to each other and can move in the direction of the axis A1 or in the longitudinal direction in the armature space. The armature 203 has an axial hole for accommodating the armature rod 204.

[0142] The armature 203 and the armature rod 204 are fixedly connected. The armature 203 is installed on the coil body 218 or the armature tube 256, for example. The armature 203 can adjust the armature rod 204 to produce the locked position S1. The armature rod 204 includes a guide housing 252 and an armature rod body 253. The guide housing 252 is arranged at one end of the armature rod body 253 and is guided on the armature rod body 253 in a manner that can move in its longitudinal direction. The guide housing 252 has a support point in the form of a support mandrel 254 for the locking component 206. The support mandrel 254 can be aligned perpendicular to the axis A1 or the longitudinal axis. The inner peripheral side of the guide housing 252 has a support surface 258 for guiding on the armature rod body 253, wherein the support surface 258 is formed by the radially inwardly tilted wall of the guide housing 252.

[0143] The armature rod forms a guide housing stop 260. The guide housing stop 260 can limit the adjustment stroke of the guide housing 252.

[0144] Due to the guide housing stop 260, the guide housing 252 can limit the adjustment stroke in one of its adjustment directions (along the axis A1 toward the electromagnet 202) and can move relative to the armature rod in the opposite adjustment direction (spaced from the electromagnet 202 along the axis A1) and can engage with the armature rod 253 in a form-fitting manner. Figure 5 The retracted position S5 shown is electromagnetically adjusted to Figure 6 In the extended position S4 shown, the armature 203 entrains the guide housing 252 in its adjustment direction via the guide housing stop 260 due to the positive fit.

[0145] Furthermore, the locking assembly 200 comprises a rotatable component 212, which in the present case is shown as a gear. It can be rotated about the axis A2 in a first rotation direction D1 and in an opposite second rotation direction D2. The rotatable component 212 is rotatable relative to the electromagnet 202 and is formed rotationally symmetrically about the axis A2. The rotatable component 212 comprises a peripheral side engagement portion 214 and teeth 215, which are all arranged equidistantly relative to each other and extend over the entire circumference.

[0146] The locking assembly 200 also includes a locking member 206. The locking member 206 is designed as an integral claw and is movably mounted relative to the armature rod 204. The locking member 206 has an elongated hole 250, into which a support spindle 254 is inserted. Therefore, the locking member 206 is mounted on the guide housing 252 in such a way that it can rotate around the support spindle 254 and can move along the elongated hole 250. At the other end, the locking member 206 is mounted on a rotating support 262. The locking member 206 has a tooth 264, a reset surface 208 and a locking surface 209. These two surfaces 208, 209 are formed on the tooth 264 of the locking member 206 and are arranged on opposite sides of the tooth 264. In the locked position S1, the locking member 206 is inserted into the engagement portion 214.

[0147] The reset surface 208 is designed to cooperate with the engaging portion 214 or the tooth 212 on the reset surface 208 during the rotation of the rotatable component 212 in the second rotation direction D2, so as to place the locking component 206 into the release position S2 against the force of the spring member 210. When rotating in the second rotation direction D2, the rotatable component 212 acts on the reset surface 208, causing the locking component 206 to be adjusted in the direction of the axis A1, but the armature rod 253 and the armature 203 are not adjusted.

[0148] The locking surface 209 is formed such that when the rotatable component 212 is rotated in the first rotational direction D1 , the component 212 acts with the engagement portion 214 or the tooth 212 on the locking surface 209 and is prevented from rotating in the first rotational direction D1 .

[0149] The armature rod 204 is kinematically coupled to the locking element 206 in such a way that a linear adjustment of the armature rod 204 results in a rotation of the locking element 206 .

[0150] In addition, the locking assembly 200 includes a spring element 210, which is implemented in the form of a helical compression spring in the present example. The spring element 210 is supported on the guide housing 252 at one end and on the armature rod 253 at the other end. The spring element 210 preloads the locking member 206 to its locked position S1 and allows the locking member 206 to be reset to its released position S2 against the spring force of the spring element 210. The spring element 210 is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the armature rod 253 and is located in the guide housing 252.

[0151] The locking assembly 200 shown can be adjusted between the parking position P1 and the driving position P2 by adjusting the armature 203. Figure 5 and Figure 7 ) the motor vehicle is stationary and prevented from rolling away because the locking member 206 engages in the rotatable member 212 to prevent rotation (preventing rotation in the first rotation direction D1). Figure 6 ) the motor vehicle can be driven because the locking part 206 is spaced apart from the rotatable part 212 due to the corresponding adjustment of the armature 203.

[0152] The armature 203 shown can be adjusted between the extended position S4 and the retracted position S5 by energizing the coil 216. Figure 5 and Figure 7 ), the armature 203 is stably held in a permanent magnetic manner. The parking position P1 is provided because the positions of the armature 203 and the armature rod 204 in the retracted position S5 allow the locking member 206 to be inserted into the engagement portion 214 in a spring-preloaded manner. In contrast, in the extended position S4 ( Figure 6 ), the armature 203 is held in the second position of the bistable solenoid by the stable permanent magnet. The driving position P2 is set because the armature 203 has adjusted the guide housing 252 in the extended position S4, so that the locking member 206 is disengaged from the engagement portion 214, and the rotatable member 212 can rotate freely.

[0153] The locking member 206 can be adjusted between a locking position S1, a release position S2 and a neutral position S3. Figure 5 ), it is inserted into one of the engagement portions 214 to prevent the rotatable member 212 from rotating in the first rotation direction D1. The rotatable member 212 rotates in the second rotation direction D2 resulting in the release position S2 ( Figure 7 ). Re-adjustment is possible in the release position S2, which occurs during the parking position P1 of the locking assembly 200 and during the retracted position S5 of the armature 203, if the locking member 206 is disengaged from the corresponding engagement portion 214 to allow the rotatable member 212 to rotate in the second rotational direction D2. In the neutral position S3 ( Figure 7 ), since the armature 203 is adjusted to the extended position S4, the locking member 206 is spaced apart from the rotatable member 212.

[0154] Therefore, the locking assembly 200 is designed so that the locking member 206 can be placed in the release position S2 against the spring force of the spring element 210 and the subsequent movement of the locking member 206 to the locking position S1 can occur when the armature 203 is stationary. At the same time, the armature 203 remains in a stable position when the coil 216 is not energized.

[0155] Figures 8 to 10 The locking assembly 300 of the third embodiment is shown in longitudinal section. The locking assembly 300 is penetrated by the axis A1. Figure 8 The locking assembly 300 is shown in a state where it is in its parking position P1 , the electromagnet 302 or its armature 303 is in the extended position S4 , and the locking member 306 is in its locking position S1 . Fig. 9 The locking assembly 300 is shown in its driving position P2 , the electromagnet 302 or its armature 303 is in the retracted position S5 , and the locking member 306 is in its neutral position S3 . Fig.10 Similar to Figure 8 Schematically shows a state in which the locking assembly 300 is in its parking position P1, the electromagnet 302 or its armature 303 is in the extended position S4, and the locking member 306 is in its release position S2.

[0156] The locking assembly 300 includes an electromagnet 302. In the present case, the electromagnet is configured as a bistable lifting magnet. The electromagnet 302 includes a housing 305 and an energizable coil 316 wound on a coil body 318. The coil 316 includes two coil packages 316a, which are spaced apart in the direction of the axis A1 and surround the ferromagnetic ring 307 with each other. The electromagnet 302 also includes an armature 303 and an armature rod 304, which extends from the housing 305 at one end. The armature 303 can be adjusted by energizing the coil 316. The armature 303 and the armature rod 304 are oriented concentrically relative to each other and can move in the direction of the axis A1 or in the longitudinal direction within the armature space. The armature 303 has an axial hole for accommodating the armature rod 304.

[0157] The armature 303 and the armature rod 304 are fixedly connected. The armature 303 is mounted, for example, on the coil body 318 or the armature tube 356. The armature 303 can adjust the armature rod 304 to produce the locked position S1. The armature rod 304 includes a guide 352 and an armature rod body 353. The guide 352 is arranged at one end of the armature rod body 353 and is fixedly connected to the armature rod body 353. The guide 352 has a support point in the form of a support spindle 354 for the locking component 306. The support spindle 354 can be aligned perpendicular to the axis A1 or the longitudinal axis.

[0158] Furthermore, the locking assembly 300 comprises a rotatable component 312, which in the present case is shown as a gear. It can be rotated about the axis A2 in a first rotation direction D1 and in an opposite second rotation direction D2. The rotatable component 312 is rotatable relative to the electromagnet 302 and is formed rotationally symmetrically about the axis A2. The rotatable component 312 comprises an outer peripheral side engagement portion 314 and teeth 315, which are all arranged equidistantly relative to each other and extend over the entire circumference.

[0159] The locking assembly 300 also includes a locking member 306. The locking member 306 is designed as a multi-piece pawl and is movably mounted relative to the armature rod 304. The multi-piece pawl includes two pawls 306a, 306b, which are arranged to move relative to each other and around a pivot point 306c. On one pawl 306a, the locking member 306 has an elongated hole 350, in which a support mandrel 354 is inserted. Therefore, the locking member 306 is mounted on the guide member 352 in a manner that it can rotate around the support mandrel 354 and can move along the elongated hole 350. At the other end, the locking member 306 is mounted on the rotating support 362. The locking member 306 has a tooth 364, a reset surface 308 and a locking surface 309. These two surfaces 308, 309 are formed on the tooth 364 of the locking member 306 and are arranged on the opposite sides of the tooth 364. In the locked position S1 , the locking member 306 is inserted into the engagement portion 314 .

[0160] The reset surface 308 is designed to cooperate with the engaging portion 314 or the tooth 312 on the reset surface 308 during the rotation of the rotatable member 312 in the second rotation direction D2 so as to place the locking member 306 into the release position S2 against the force of the spring member 310. When rotating in the second rotation direction D2, the rotatable member 312 acts on the reset surface 308 to cause the two claws 306a, 306b of the locking member 306 to rotate relative to each other around the pivot point 306c, but the armature rod 304 and the armature 303 are not adjusted in the direction of the axis A1.

[0161] The locking surface 309 is formed such that when the rotatable component 312 is rotated in the first rotational direction D1 , the component 312 cooperates with the engagement portion 314 or the tooth 312 on the locking surface 309 and is prevented from rotating in the first rotational direction D1 .

[0162] One of the claws 306a, 306b has a claw stopper 360 for the other claw 306b. The claw stopper 360 can limit the adjustment stroke of the other claw 306a, 306b.

[0163] Due to the claw stopper 360, the adjustment stroke of the claw 306b without the claw stopper 360 in one of its adjustment directions (around the pivot point 306c under the spring force of the spring 310) can be limited, and it can move in the opposite adjustment direction (around the pivot point 306c under the spring force of the spring 310) relative to the armature rod 304 and the armature 303, and can be engaged with the claw 306a with the claw stopper 360 in a form-fitting manner. Specifically, if the armature 303 is to be moved from Figure 6 The extended position S4 shown is electromagnetically adjusted to Fig. 9In the retracted position S5 shown, the armature 303 entrains the two claws 306a, 306b of the locking member 306 in its adjustment direction via the guide piece 352 due to the form-fitting engagement.

[0164] The armature rod 304 is kinematically coupled to the locking element 306 in such a way that a linear adjustment of the armature rod 304 leads to a rotation of the locking element 306 .

[0165] In addition, the locking assembly 300 includes a spring member 310, which is implemented in the form of a leg spring in the present example. The spring member 310 is supported on one of the claws 306a, 306b at one end and on the other claw 306b at the other end. The spring member 310 preloads the locking member 306 to its locked position S1 and allows the locking member 306 to be reset to its released position S2 against the spring force of the spring member 310. The spring member 310 also preloads the claw 306b without the claw stop 360 to the claw stop 360 on the other claw 306a.

[0166] The locking assembly 300 shown can be adjusted between the parking position P1 and the driving position P2 by adjusting the armature 303. Figure 8 and Fig.10 ), the motor vehicle is parked and prevented from rolling away, because the locking member 306 engages in the rotatable member 312 to prevent rotation (preventing rotation in the first rotation direction D1). Fig. 9 ) the motor vehicle can travel because the locking part 306 is spaced apart from the rotatable part 312 due to the corresponding adjustment of the armature 303.

[0167] The armature 303 shown can be adjusted between the extended position S4 and the retracted position S5 by energizing the coil 316. Figure 8 and Fig.10 ), the armature 303 is stably held in a permanent magnetic manner. The parking position P1 is provided because the positions of the armature 303 and the armature rod 304 in the extended position S4 allow the claws 306a, 306b of the locking member 306 to abut against each other in a spring-preloaded manner and the teeth 364 of the locking member 306 to bite into the engagement portion 314. In contrast, in the retracted position S5 ( Fig. 9 ), the armature 303 is held in the second position of the bistable solenoid by the stable permanent magnet. The driving position P2 is set because the armature 303 has adjusted the guide member 352 in the retracted position S5, so that the locking member 306 is disengaged from the engagement portion 314, and the rotatable member 312 can rotate freely.

[0168] The locking member 306 shown can be adjusted between a locking position S1, a release position S2 and a neutral position S3. Figure 8) is inserted into one of the engagement portions 314 to prevent the rotatable member 312 from rotating in the first rotation direction D1. The rotation of the rotatable member 312 in the second rotation direction D2 results in the release position S2 ( Fig.10 ). Re-adjustment can occur in the release position S2, which occurs during the parking position P1 of the locking assembly 300 and also during the extended position S4 of the armature 303, if the locking member 306 is disengaged from the corresponding engagement portion 314 to allow the rotatable member 312 to rotate in the second rotational direction D2. In the neutral position S3 ( Fig. 9 ), since the armature 303 is adjusted to the retracted position S5, the locking member 306 is spaced apart from the rotatable member 312.

[0169] Therefore, the locking assembly 300 is designed to overcome the spring force of the spring member 310 so that the locking member 306 is placed in the release position S2 and the locking member 306 subsequently moves to the locking position S1 when the armature 303 is stationary. At the same time, the armature 303 remains in a stable position when the coil 316 is not energized.

[0170] Fig.11 A fourth embodiment of a locking assembly 400 is shown which is similar to the Figure 2 The locking assembly 100 of the first embodiment is shown. Therefore, only differences or details that have not yet been described are explained below to avoid repetition. In the present case, the 400th series is used instead of the reference symbols of the 100th series from the locking assembly 100 of the first embodiment.

[0171] The locking assembly 400 comprises a completely hollow armature rod 404, which comprises a first armature rod portion 404a and a second armature rod portion 404b. The two armature rod portions 404a, 404b are inserted into each other and fixedly connected. The interiors thereof are in fluid communication with each other, for example, through an end-side hole 466 in one of the armature rod portions 404a, 404b. One of the armature rod portions 404a, 404b forms a peripheral flange on its end side, which defines an armature stop 450. In the locked position S1 shown, but also in the neutral position S3, the armature stop 450 abuts against the armature 403. The spring element 410 pulls the armature stop 450 toward the armature 403. The other armature rod portion 404a, 404b of the armature rod portions 404a, 404b forms a diameter step, which defines a direct base 421. The spring element 410 is supported on the base 421. The present armature rod 404 uses a direct base 421 instead of a support portion. The armature 403 is guided on the outer peripheral side of the coil body 418, so that coaxial separation with respect to the armature rod 404 can be obtained.

[0172] The present invention is not limited to any of the above-described embodiments, but can be modified in various ways. All features and advantages from the description and drawings, including structural details, spatial arrangements and method steps, may be important to the invention both individually and in various combinations.

[0173] The invention includes all combinations of at least two features disclosed in the description and / or the drawings.

[0174] In order to avoid repetitions, it is intended that features disclosed with respect to the device are also disclosed and capable of being claimed with respect to the method. It is likewise intended that features disclosed with respect to the method are disclosed and capable of being claimed with respect to the device.

Claims

1. An electromagnet (2, 102, 202, 302) for a locking assembly (100, 200, 300, 400), the electromagnet (2, 102, 202, 302) comprising: an armature (103, 203, 303) which can be fixed in at least one stable permanent magnetic end position, - an armature rod (104, 204, 304), - a selectively energizable coil (16, 116, 216, 316) for adjusting the armature (103, 203, 303), - a spring member (10, 110, 210, 310), the spring member (10, 110, 210, 310) o supported at one end on a first support seat (B1), and o supported at the other end on a second support seat (B2), wherein the second support seat (B2) is movably mounted relative to the first support seat (B1), o enables the second bearing seat (B2) to be movable relative to the armature (103, 203, 303) and / or the armature rod (104, 204, 304) when the coil (16, 116, 216, 316) is not energized and / or during the stable permanent magnetic end position of the armature (103, 203, 303).

2. A locking assembly (100, 200, 300), the locking assembly (100, 200, 300) comprising: - an electromagnet (2, 102, 202, 302), the electromagnet (2, 102, 202, 302) having an armature (103, 203, 303) and an armature rod (104, 204, 304), a component (112, 212, 312) rotatable about an axis (A) in a first rotational direction (D1) and in an opposite second rotational direction (D2) and having a circumferential joint (114, 214, 314), a locking member (106, 206, 306) having a return surface (108, 208, 308), the locking member being connected to the armature rod (104, 204, 304) and being adjustable between the following positions, o a locked position (S1), in which the locking member engages in one of the engagement portions (114, 214, 314) to prevent the rotatable member (112, 212, 312) from rotating in the first rotational direction (D1), and a release position (S2), in which the locking component is disengaged from the one of the engagement portions (114, 214, 314) to release the rotation of the rotatable component (112, 212, 312) in the second rotation direction (D2), a spring element (110, 210, 310) which preloads the locking element (106, 206, 306) into the locking position (S1) and allows the locking element (106, 206, 306) to be reset into the release position (S2), - wherein the rotatable component (112, 212, 312) can act on the reset surface (108, 208, 308) during rotation in the second rotational direction (D2) in order to place the locking component (106, 206, 306) into the release position (S2) against the spring force of the spring element (110, 210, 310).

3. The locking assembly (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that: The locking member (106) is fixedly connected to the armature rod (104).

4. The locking assembly (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The armature (103) is movably mounted relative to the armature rod (104).

5. The locking assembly (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The armature rod (104) has or forms an armature stop (150), by means of which the armature rod can strike the armature (103).

6. The locking assembly (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The spring element (110) is a helical spring which is supported at one end on the armature (103) and at the other end is directly supported on the armature rod (104) or is fixedly connected to a support element of the armature rod (104).

7. The locking assembly (200) according to claim 2, characterized in that: The locking component (206) is a one-piece claw and / or is movably mounted relative to the armature rod (204) at one end, preferably through a long hole (250) and / or is rotatably mounted at the other end.

8. The locking assembly (200) according to claim 7, characterized in that: The armature rod (204) comprises a guide housing (252) which is movably guided on the armature rod body and has a bearing point for the locking element (206), preferably a bearing spindle (254).

9. The locking assembly (300) according to claim 2, characterized in that: The locking element (306) is a multi-part claw and / or is movably mounted relative to the armature rod (304) at one end, preferably via an elongated hole (350) and / or is rotatably mounted at the other end.

10. The locking assembly (300) according to claim 9, characterized in that: The armature rod (304) comprises a guide element (352) which is fixedly connected to the armature rod (304) and has a bearing point for the locking element (306), preferably a bearing spindle (354).

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