Non-contact power-off and power-on detection system

Abstract

The invention discloses a non-contact power failure and recovery detection system, which relates to the technical field of intelligent power grid detection and comprises an application layer, a module processing layer, a protocol layer, a driving layer and a hardware layer. The application layer comprises uplink communication, data acquisition, data storage and parameter storage; wherein the data storage and the parameter storage form a storage module, and the storage module is further in interactive connection with the user layer interface; the module processing layer is used for carrier module processing; and the protocol layer comprises a data processing module, an RS-485 communication protocol module, a data acquisition module, a phase identification module, a power-off identification module, a data storage module, an uploading protocol management module and a dog feeding module. According to the non-contact power-off and power-on detection system, the non-contact power-off and power-on detection device and the accurate identification method for the power-off and power-on position, power-off data acquisition, arrangement and analysis of a tail-end power grid are realized, data support is provided for application of an intelligent power distribution network big data technology, the actual effect of a power grid feedback link can be further strengthened, and the power-off and power-on position identification efficiency is improved. And the user can obtain more accurate and high-quality power service.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of smart grid detection technology, and in particular to a contactless power outage and restoration detection system. Background Art

[0002] The intelligentization of low-voltage substations is a crucial component of smart grid construction. Currently, during the construction of low-voltage substations, only electricity consumption information collection has been completed, achieving full coverage and collection of electricity consumption information within these substations. However, existing low-voltage substations generally suffer from large equipment volumes, unbalanced and insufficient development, and low standardization of facilities and equipment. The substations' power lines are complex due to their age and non-standard wiring, making it difficult to clearly understand the relationships between households, transformers, and phases, as well as between equipment and branch lines. This makes it difficult to accurately locate faults, resulting in a heavy workload for operations and maintenance. Furthermore, the lack of automated management solutions for low-voltage substations results in a low level of operational monitoring within these substations. The 0.4kV power supply equipment between the distribution transformer and the user's meter lacks monitoring capabilities, making its operational status essentially a monitoring blind spot. However, the 0.4kV low-voltage grid has the highest fault rate among the entire distribution network.

[0003] At present, the commonly used power outage and restoration monitoring methods in power grids are all based on power line carrier technology. Within 60 seconds after the power outage, the supercapacitor in the carrier communication unit is used to power the communication unit to generate a power outage event for the smart electricity meter for active reporting. However, this method cannot effectively monitor the power outage of the circuit breaker behind the meter, and cannot accurately determine the location of the power outage and restoration. At the same time, there is no wired power outage and restoration monitoring method for half-loaded substations or 485-line collection substations. Therefore, finding a power outage and restoration monitoring method that can accurately determine the location of the power outage fault and can be applied to the 485-line collection substation has become a problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a non-contact power outage and restoration detection system, which solves the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a non-contact power outage and restoration detection system, comprising an application layer, a module processing layer, a protocol layer, a driver layer and a hardware layer;

[0006] The application layer includes uplink communication, data acquisition, data storage, and parameter storage. Data storage and parameter storage constitute the storage module, which is also interactively connected with the user layer interface and the data acquisition and storage modules.

[0007] Module processing layer, used for carrier module processing;

[0008] The protocol layer includes data processing, RS-485 communication protocol, data acquisition, phase identification, power failure identification, data storage, upload protocol management, and dog feeding module; data processing is connected to data acquisition, phase identification, and power failure identification respectively, and data processing is also connected to data storage;

[0009] Data processing is used to process the data collected by each channel, including format conversion, energy calculation, and converting it into a storage format and then handing it over to the data storage module for unified storage;

[0010] RS-485 communication protocol, realizes data 483 communication through RS-485 communication interaction;

[0011] Data collection is used to periodically collect the required electricity meter data, including rated voltage, rated current, active energy, reactive energy, demand, time period rate, load curve, and cover opening record;

[0012] Phase identification: It maintains communication with the phase sensor to obtain the phase information value of each line. After receiving the phase identification command sent by the uplink channel, it parses the phase value of the current meter box terminal carried in the phase identification command and calculates the phase value based on the phase angle reported by the sensor.

[0013] Power outage identification: maintains communication with the current sensor to obtain the power outage status information of each line, monitors the phase and power outage identification sensor communication interface in real time, parses the received communication message, and immediately reports the power outage alarm information to the uplink channel after parsing;

[0014] Data storage is used to store data information processed by the data processing unit, classify it according to time nodes, and provide an independent interface for querying historical data; the storage medium for its historical data is Flash;

[0015] Upload protocol management, terminal data upload protocol library, complete framing and deframing during data communication;

[0016] The dog feeding module uses ESP32 dog feeding software and uses periodic dog feeding monitoring during system operation. If the dog feeding operation is not performed within 1.5 seconds, the terminal will automatically restart;

[0017] The driver layer includes serial port, LED, cross sampling, SPI, and encapsulates QSPI driver, FLASH driver, and UART driver to implement hardware interface;

[0018] The hardware layer consists of a power-off / restart induction probe, an analog signal processing unit, a power supply unit, a main control chip processing unit, and a communication unit.

[0019] Optionally, the data processing module completes the terminal raw data statistics and analysis functions, and the module provides a unified service interface to the outside world and outputs requests based on the processing results.

[0020] Optionally, the watchdog feeding module is used to monitor the operation of the embedded system and reset the system when an unknown software or hardware failure occurs; when the system is operating normally, the count value will be reset before the watchdog timer overflows, which is defined as a "dog feeding operation". If the timer overflows, it means that the "dog cannot be fed" and the system is abnormal.

[0021] Optionally, the main control chip processing unit is interactively connected with the analog signal processing unit, the power supply unit, and the communication unit respectively, wherein the power supply unit provides power support for the analog signal processing unit, the main control chip processing unit, and the communication unit, and the hardware layer is interactively connected with the driver layer through the communication unit.

[0022] Optionally, the power supply unit adopts a 220V AC power supply and 12V and 5V isolated DC power outputs.

[0023] The present invention provides a non-contact power outage and restoration detection system, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] This non-contact power outage and restoration detection system uses electric field sensing to detect whether the line is energized. The monitoring location can be freely selected and it supports installation without power outages, providing a safer, more convenient, and low-power power outage and restoration monitoring method.

[0025] Through optimized structure and circuit design, it can realize real-time detection of the presence and magnitude of induced voltage in the powered equipment. It has a simple structure, is easy to operate, and can be installed and constructed without power outages. It can also detect power outages and restorations before and after the meter and on the incoming line, and monitor the voltage cycle signal and voltage amplitude of the power line in real time. When it is detected that the voltage cycle signal has no valid AC cycle for a continuous period or the voltage amplitude is lower than the power outage threshold, the intelligent terminal reports the power outage information to the user terminal through HPLC. Compared with the original method relying on carrier wave, it has a wider application range and lower cost.

[0026] In order to accurately measure the voltage of unknown types of lines and adapt to complex low-voltage measurement environments, an electric field coupled voltage sensor based on topology transformation was designed, and steady-state and transient response tests were carried out on the prototype. The results obtained met the measurement requirements and were able to achieve relatively accurate measurement of the voltage of different types of lines and reproduce the line voltage waveform under transient conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is the schematic diagram of the main control board circuit board in the invention;

[0028] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the compiler execution flow in the invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0030] The present invention provides a technical solution: a non-contact power failure and restoration detection system, comprising an application layer, a module processing layer, a protocol layer, a driver layer and a hardware layer;

[0031] The application layer includes uplink communication, data acquisition, data storage, and parameter storage. Data storage and parameter storage constitute the storage module, which is also interactively connected with the user layer interface and the data acquisition and storage modules.

[0032] Module processing layer, used for carrier module processing;

[0033] The protocol layer includes data processing, RS-485 communication protocol, data acquisition, phase identification, power failure identification, data storage, upload protocol management, and dog feeding module; data processing is connected to data acquisition, phase identification, and power failure identification respectively, and data processing is also connected to data storage;

[0034] Data processing is used to process the data collected by each channel, including format conversion, energy calculation, and conversion to a storage format before being handed over to the data storage module for unified storage. The data processing module completes the terminal raw data statistics and analysis functions. The module provides a unified service interface to the outside world and outputs requests based on the processing results;

[0035] RS-485 communication protocol, realizes data 483 communication through RS-485 communication interaction;

[0036] Data collection is used to periodically collect the required electricity meter data, including rated voltage, rated current, active energy, reactive energy, demand, time period rate, load curve, and cover opening record;

[0037] Phase identification: It maintains communication with the phase sensor to obtain the phase information value of each line. After receiving the phase identification command sent by the uplink channel, it parses the phase value of the current meter box terminal carried in the phase identification command and calculates the phase value based on the phase angle reported by the sensor.

[0038] Power outage identification: maintains communication with the current sensor to obtain the power outage status information of each line, monitors the phase and power outage identification sensor communication interface in real time, parses the received communication message, and immediately reports the power outage alarm information to the uplink channel after parsing;

[0039] Data storage is used to store data information processed by the data processing unit, classify it according to time nodes, and provide an independent interface for querying historical data; the storage medium for its historical data is Flash;

[0040] Upload protocol management, terminal data upload protocol library, complete framing and deframing during data communication;

[0041] The watchdog feeding module uses the ESP32 watchdog feeding software and implements periodic watchdog feeding monitoring during system operation. If the watchdog feeding operation is not performed within 1.5 seconds, the terminal will automatically restart. The watchdog feeding module is used to monitor the operation of the embedded system and reset the system in the event of unknown software or hardware failures. When the system is operating normally, the count value will be reset before the watchdog timer overflows, which is defined as a "watchdog feeding operation". If the timer overflows, it means that the watchdog cannot be fed, and the system is abnormal.

[0042] Driver layer, including serial port, LED, cross sampling, SPI, encapsulates QSPI driver, FLASH driver, UART driver, used to implement hardware interface;

[0043] The hardware layer consists of a power-off and power-restart induction probe, an analog signal processing unit, a power supply unit, a main control chip processing unit, and a communication unit. The main control chip processing unit is interactively connected with the analog signal processing unit, the power supply unit, and the communication unit respectively. The power supply unit provides power for the analog signal processing unit, the main control chip processing unit, and the communication unit. The hardware layer is interactively connected with the driver layer through the communication unit. The power supply unit uses a 220V AC power supply and 12V and 5V isolated DC power outputs.

[0044] in,

[0045] The system hardware equipment is connected using differential probes in parallel, with an accuracy rate of 99%; the electrical measuring relay uses the Chint NXJ small electromagnetic relay - NXJ-DC24V-2Z1;

[0046] Table 1 Main parameters of NXJ-DC24V-2Z1 electromagnetic relay

[0047]

[0048]

[0049] The main control board circuit of the analog signal processing unit is designed according to the control logic principle, such as Figure 1 As shown, the time stamp counter is a 64-bit MSR inside the chip, and one count is added for each clock.

[0050] An optimized Butterworth filter was selected. Based on the noise spectrum, and on the principle of maximizing the measurement bandwidth and reducing the filter order, the -3dB frequency was determined to be 30kHz, the cutoff frequency Fs was 80kHz, the attenuation was -40db, and the gain was 1.

[0051] Compile control program such as Figure 2 As shown in the figure, when the system starts, the power outage threshold is first set. When it is detected that the voltage cycle signal has no valid AC cycle for a continuous period, a power outage event is determined to have occurred. When the voltage cycle signal is normal and the voltage is lower than the power outage threshold, a power outage event is determined to have occurred. However, at this time, a power outage event is only determined to have occurred when the monitored voltage is lower than the power outage threshold for 5 consecutive seconds. This processing can effectively prevent false power outage events caused by voltage jitter. The threshold calculation method is: power outage threshold = rated voltage × 60%.

[0052] Configure the acquisition configuration unit according to the object-oriented communication protocol. When processing combined data items, the protocol abstracts the combined data into an interface class with collection attributes. The protocol issues tasks through the acquisition configuration unit table. As needed, set OAD1 to 20000200, OAD2 to 20000201, and OAD3 to 200002102. 2000: Metered voltage; 02: Current 000B + Voltage / Current Phase Angle Variable Interface Class Second Attribute - Sub-item Value Group 00010B; 00: The first element of the sub-item value group - Phase A voltage; 01: The second element of the sub-item value group - Phase B voltage; 02: The third element of the sub-item value group - Phase C voltage.

[0053] To check the HPLC data transmission error, 20 sets of voltage data were selected, each of which was 16-bit binary. In order to distinguish the data categories, the communication data was encoded. A serial number was added before each data stream, represented by 8 bits of binary; and a "0" was added after each data stream, represented by 8 bits of binary.

[0054] At the same time, the input and output of the power outage and restoration detection system all use isolation technology. For contacts that are easily introduced by lightning strikes, such as communication input / output ports and power input terminals, the terminals must have good lightning protection measures, as well as power-on anti-false operation measures, control reverse calibration, and execute control processes without tripping functions.

[0055] Access to the terminal, including parameter setting, program upgrades and fault debugging, requires password verification. The terminal is password protected and sealed, and the terminal can be managed according to permissions.

[0056] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. Non-contact power failure detection system, characterized by: Includes application layer, module processing layer, protocol layer, driver layer and hardware layer; The application layer includes uplink communication, data acquisition, data storage, and parameter storage; among them, data storage and parameter storage constitute a storage module, and the storage module is also interactively connected with the user layer interface, and the data acquisition and storage modules are connected; Module processing layer, used for carrier module processing; The protocol layer includes data processing, RS-485 communication protocol, data acquisition, phase identification, power failure identification, data storage, upload protocol management, and dog feeding module; data processing is connected with data acquisition, phase identification, and power failure identification respectively, and data processing is also connected with data storage; Data processing is used to process the data collected by each channel, including format conversion, energy calculation, and converting it into a storage format and then handing it over to the data storage module for unified storage; RS-485 communication protocol, through RS-485 communication interaction, realize data 483 communication; Data collection is used to periodically collect the required electric energy meter data, including rated voltage, rated current, active electric energy, reactive electric energy, demand, time period rate, load curve, and cover opening record; Phase identification: maintains communication with the phase sensor to obtain the phase information value of each line. After receiving the phase identification command sent by the uplink channel, it parses the phase value of the current meter box terminal carried in the phase identification command and calculates the phase value based on the phase angle reported by the sensor. Power failure identification: maintain communication with the current sensor to obtain the power failure status information of each line, monitor the phase and power failure identification sensor communication interface in real time, parse the received communication message, and if it is a power failure alarm message, report it to the uplink channel immediately after analysis; Data storage is used to store data information processed by the data processing unit, classify it according to time nodes, and provide an independent interface for querying historical data; the storage medium for its historical data is Flash; Upload protocol management, terminal data upload protocol library, complete framing and deframing during data communication; The dog feeding module uses ESP32 dog feeding software, and uses timed dog feeding monitoring during system operation. If the dog feeding operation is not performed within 1.5s, the terminal will automatically restart; Driver layer, including serial port, LED, cross sampling, SPI, encapsulation of QSPI driver, FLASH driver, UART driver, used to realize hardware interface; The hardware layer consists of a power-off and power-off induction probe, an analog signal processing unit, a power supply unit, a main control chip processing unit, and a communication unit.

2. The non-contact power failure detection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data processing module completes the terminal raw data statistics and analysis functions, and the module provides a unified service interface to the outside and outputs requests according to the processing results.

3. The non-contact power failure detection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The watchdog feeding module is used to monitor the operation of the embedded system and reset the system when an unknown software or hardware failure occurs. When the system is running normally, the count value will be reset before the watchdog timer overflows, which is defined as a "watchdog feeding operation". If the timer overflows, it means that the watchdog cannot be fed and the system is abnormal.

4. The non-contact power failure detection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The main control chip processing unit is interactively connected with the analog signal processing unit, the power supply unit, and the communication unit respectively, wherein the power supply unit provides power support for the analog signal processing unit, the main control chip processing unit, and the communication unit, and the hardware layer is interactively connected with the driver layer through the communication unit.

5. The non-contact power failure detection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The power supply unit adopts 220V AC power supply and 12V and 5V isolated DC power output.

Images