An intelligent control system for distributed photovoltaic power station equipment

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic device control and relates to an intelligent control system for distributed photovoltaic power station equipment. By performing multi-dimensional correlation analysis on the dynamic environmental parameters and attitude parameters of photovoltaic modules, the present invention obtains the regulation requirements for the environmental impact and light impact of photovoltaic modules, and then performs attitude regulation to achieve a double improvement in power generation efficiency and equipment safety, significantly increasing the adaptability of photovoltaic modules to the environment and the overall power generation efficiency. At the same time, the irradiance sampling sequence, power output curve and conversion efficiency of each photovoltaic module within the monitoring period are periodically coupled and analyzed to obtain the operation compliance index of each photovoltaic module. According to the operation compliance index, the photovoltaic modules are optimized and regulated to eliminate the difference in photovoltaic power generation caused by environmental differences in adjacent areas, reduce the possibility of inefficient operation of equipment, and ensure the overall power generation efficiency balance of the distributed photovoltaic power station.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic equipment control, and relates to an intelligent control system for distributed photovoltaic power station equipment. Background Art

[0002] Distributed photovoltaic power station equipment refers to various equipment used in distributed photovoltaic power generation systems, mainly for converting solar energy into electrical energy and realizing the transmission, distribution, and use of electrical energy. In order to adjust the working state of distributed photovoltaic power station equipment in real time and improve power generation efficiency, it is necessary to perform intelligent control on it.

[0003] For example, Chinese Patent No. CN119030452A discloses an environmental monitoring system and method for a photovoltaic power station. By monitoring the ambient data around the photovoltaic modules, the ambient data includes the incident angle, wind speed, and radiation intensity. The optimal illumination angle is determined according to the incident angle and radiation intensity, and the tilt angle of the photovoltaic modules is adjusted according to the optimal illumination angle. The backplane temperature of the photovoltaic modules is obtained in real time; and the tilt angle of the photovoltaic modules is corrected once according to the wind speed, and the tilt angle is corrected twice according to the backplane temperature. The present invention provides ambient data to adjust the angle of the photovoltaic modules and improve the power generation efficiency, and solves the problem of the lack of an effective device for monitoring and collecting the data of the environment where the photovoltaic power generation system is located in the actual operation of photovoltaic power generation.

[0004] For example, Chinese Patent No. CN117997269A discloses a photovoltaic power station monitoring system, including a monitoring module for monitoring and obtaining the data during the operation of photovoltaic modules and the ambient data of the photovoltaic power station; a control module for controlling the monitoring module to monitor the operation process of photovoltaic modules and the ambient of the photovoltaic power station, and obtaining the data during the operation of photovoltaic modules and the ambient data of the photovoltaic power station in real time. The control module also has an alarm function; the cloud platform presets the operation data of photovoltaic modules and the threshold values of ambient data of the photovoltaic power station, and the cloud platform is also used to receive the data during the operation of photovoltaic modules and the ambient data of the photovoltaic power station obtained by the control module. The present invention has a high degree of intelligence and can realize the comprehensive monitoring and regulation of the photovoltaic power station in the background, providing convenience for the monitoring and management of large-area photovoltaic power stations.

[0005] The above prior arts have the following deficiencies: 1. The prior art only adjusts the tilt angle of the photovoltaic modules according to the illumination angle, without considering the operation safety problems of the photovoltaic modules in complex environments such as wind speed and wind direction. Furthermore, there is a lack of real-time correlation analysis and precise regulation means for multi-dimensional environmental parameters and tilt angles, further increasing the safety risks of the photovoltaic modules.

[0006] 2. In the prior art, the operation process data is analyzed with the operation data threshold of photovoltaic modules, and regulation is carried out based on the analysis results. However, since the distribution positions of photovoltaic modules are affected by different lighting environments, it is impossible to accurately identify inefficient devices, and thus it is impossible to effectively optimize and regulate inefficient devices, reducing the overall power generation efficiency balance of distributed photovoltaic power stations. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, to solve the problems proposed in the above background technology, a distributed photovoltaic power station equipment intelligent control system is proposed.

[0008] The object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a distributed photovoltaic power station equipment intelligent control system, which includes: a photovoltaic data acquisition module for real-time collecting the dynamic environment parameters and attitude parameters of each photovoltaic module through multi-dimensional sensors. The dynamic environment parameters include wind speed, wind direction angle, light intensity, and rain adhesion amount, and the attitude parameters include direction angle and tilt angle.

[0009] An equipment regulation requirement analysis module for performing multi-dimensional correlation analysis on the dynamic environment parameters and attitude parameters of each photovoltaic module to obtain the regulation requirements of the environmental impact and lighting impact of the photovoltaic module.

[0010] An equipment regulation confirmation module for identifying target photovoltaic modules according to the regulation requirements and performing attitude regulation based on the attitude parameters and dynamic environment parameters of the target photovoltaic modules.

[0011] An equipment operation analysis module for coupling and analyzing the irradiance sampling sequence, power output curve, and conversion efficiency of each photovoltaic module obtained periodically within the monitoring period to obtain an operation compliance index.

[0012] An equipment operation regulation module for generating an equipment shutdown and maintenance instruction for photovoltaic modules with an operation compliance index lower than the set compliance threshold, and performing optimization regulation on photovoltaic modules with an operation compliance index higher than the set compliance threshold and lower than the optimization index threshold.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) The present invention performs real-time collection and correlation analysis on the dynamic environment parameters and attitude parameters of photovoltaic modules through multi-dimensional sensors, generates regulation requirements and performs attitude regulation, enabling the photovoltaic modules to maintain the best power generation attitude while coping with strong winds, achieving a double improvement in power generation efficiency and equipment safety, and significantly increasing the environmental adaptability of photovoltaic modules and the overall power generation efficiency.

[0014] (2) Through the coupling analysis of the wind speed, wind direction angle, and rain adhesion amount in the dynamic environment parameters and the direction angle and tilt angle in the attitude parameters, the present invention can accurately determine whether each photovoltaic module needs to adjust the tilt angle, adjust the direction angle, or remove rain, improving the accuracy of identifying regulation requirements.

[0015] (3) By comparing and analyzing the corresponding irradiance sampling sequences, power output curves, and conversion efficiencies of the photovoltaic modules in adjacent regions, the present invention locates the photovoltaic modules with low operation compliance indices and performs optimized regulation to eliminate the differences in photovoltaic power generation caused by environmental differences in adjacent regions, reduce the possibility of inefficient operation of equipment, and ensure the overall power generation efficiency balance of the distributed photovoltaic power station. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the connection of each module of the system of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the steps for obtaining the regulation requirements of the photovoltaic modules in the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the analysis steps of the equipment regulation confirmation module in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0020] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Please refer to Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an intelligent control system for distributed photovoltaic power station equipment, which includes: a photovoltaic data acquisition module, an equipment regulation requirement analysis module, an equipment regulation confirmation module, an equipment operation analysis module, and an equipment operation regulation module.

[0022] Among the above, the equipment regulation requirement analysis module is respectively connected to the photovoltaic data acquisition module and the equipment regulation confirmation module, and the equipment operation analysis module is respectively connected to the equipment regulation confirmation module and the equipment operation regulation module.

[0023] The photovoltaic data acquisition module is used to collect the dynamic environmental parameters and attitude parameters of each photovoltaic module in real time through multi-dimensional sensors. The dynamic environmental parameters include wind speed, wind direction angle, light intensity, and rainwater adhesion amount, and the attitude parameters include direction angle and tilt angle.

[0024] It should be added that the multi-dimensional sensor includes a wind speed and direction sensor, a light sensor, an optical rainfall monitoring sensor, an azimuth sensor, and an inclination sensor.

[0025] The wind speed and wind direction angle of each photovoltaic module are monitored by a wind speed and direction sensor installed on the photovoltaic module.

[0026] The light intensity of each photovoltaic module is monitored by a light sensor installed on the photovoltaic module.

[0027] It should be added that the rainwater adhesion amount of each photovoltaic module is monitored by an optical rainfall monitoring device installed on the photovoltaic module. When raindrops fall on the surface of the photovoltaic module and pass through the optical path of the optical rainfall monitoring device, the raindrops will scatter and absorb light. Different sizes and numbers of raindrops have different degrees of scattering and absorption of light. Generally speaking, the larger and more numerous the raindrops, the more obvious the scattering and absorption of light. Since the light is scattered and absorbed when passing through the raindrops, the intensity of the light reaching the receiving end changes. This change has a certain relationship with the rainwater adhesion amount. By measuring the change in light intensity, the information of the rainwater adhesion amount can be indirectly obtained. The photodetector at the receiving end converts the received optical signal into an electrical signal. The change in light intensity will cause the intensity of the electrical signal to change accordingly. For example, when the light intensity weakens due to the scattering and absorption of rainwater, the amplitude of the electrical signal output by the photodetector will decrease. The electrical signal output by the photodetector is usually a weak analog signal and needs to be processed such as amplified and filtered to improve the signal quality and stability, remove noise and interference signals. The processed electrical signal is transmitted to a data acquisition system or a controller, where analog-to-digital conversion is performed to convert the analog signal into a digital signal. The data processing device analyzes and calculates the digital signal according to the preset algorithm and calibration parameters, and converts it into the corresponding rainwater adhesion amount.

[0028] The direction angle of each photovoltaic module is obtained by monitoring with an azimuth sensor installed on the bracket or frame of the photovoltaic module. Usually, it is in the range of 0 to 360, representing the orientation angle of the photovoltaic module. Starting from a specific reference direction (such as due north), the angle value is determined by rotating clockwise to clarify the orientation of the photovoltaic module.

[0029] The tilt angle of each photovoltaic module is obtained by monitoring with an inclination sensor installed on the back of the photovoltaic module. Generally, it is between 0 and 90. 0 means the photovoltaic module is in a horizontal state, and 90 means the module is in a vertical state.

[0030] The device regulation demand analysis module is used to perform multi-dimensional correlation analysis on the dynamic environment parameters and attitude parameters of each photovoltaic module to obtain the regulation demands of the environmental impact and light impact of the photovoltaic module.

[0031] For example, the method for obtaining the regulation requirements of the environmental impact and light impact of the photovoltaic module includes: Y1. Obtain the windward area and wind resistance according to the tilt angle in the attitude parameters of each photovoltaic module, and analyze the degree of influence of wind load in combination with the wind speed in the dynamic environmental parameters. Figure 2 It should be noted that the method for analyzing the degree of influence of wind load is: Y1-1. Obtain the standard length and standard width of the photovoltaic module from the photovoltaic module database, and substitute them and the tilt angle of each photovoltaic module into the windward area calculation formula to obtain the windward area of each photovoltaic module. The windward area calculation formula is

[0032] where is the windward area, and and are the standard length and standard width of the photovoltaic module respectively, and is the tilt angle.

[0033] When the photovoltaic module is placed horizontally, , , and at this time the windward area , because the wind blows almost parallel to the surface of the module, the pressure on the module is extremely small. When the photovoltaic module is placed vertically, , , and at this time the windward area , that is, equal to the original area of the photovoltaic module. At this time, the wind blows vertically towards the photovoltaic module and the wind force received is the largest.

[0034] Y1-2. Match and compare the tilt angle of each photovoltaic module with the tilt angle intervals corresponding to the set wind resistance coefficients to obtain the wind resistance coefficient of each photovoltaic module.

[0035] In a specific embodiment, the tilt angle intervals corresponding to the set reference wind resistance coefficients can be as follows: when the tilt angle of the photovoltaic module is 0°-10°, the wind resistance coefficient is 1; when the tilt angle of the photovoltaic module is 10°-30°, the wind resistance coefficient is 1.5; when the tilt angle of the photovoltaic module is 30°-90°, the wind resistance coefficient is 1.8.

[0036] Y1-3. Multiply the windward area, wind resistance coefficient and wind speed of each photovoltaic module to obtain the degree of influence of wind load. The analysis expression of the degree of influence of wind load is where is the degree of influence of wind load, is the air density, is the wind speed, and is the wind resistance coefficient.

[0037] Y2. Substitute the difference between the wind direction angle and the direction angle into the cosine function to obtain the wind direction influence degree. Since the cosine function can reflect the included angle relationship between the wind direction angle and the direction angle, when the wind direction angle is consistent with the direction angle of the photovoltaic module, the difference between the two is , and the cosine value is 1, indicating that the influence of the wind on the photovoltaic module reaches a certain "benchmark" degree. As the difference between the wind direction angle and the direction angle increases, the cosine value gradually decreases, meaning that the influence degree of the wind on the photovoltaic module is changing. Furthermore, the influence of different wind directions on the photovoltaic module is quantified to obtain the wind direction influence coefficient.

[0038] Y3. Compare the rainwater adhesion amount in the dynamic environmental parameters with the set rainwater adhesion amount threshold to analyze the rainwater adhesion degree.

[0039] Furthermore, the analysis of the rainwater adhesion degree specifically includes: matching and comparing the rainwater adhesion amount of each photovoltaic module with the set rainwater adhesion amount threshold. If the rainwater adhesion amount of a certain photovoltaic module is greater than the set rainwater adhesion amount threshold, then 1 is taken as the rainwater adhesion degree of this photovoltaic module; otherwise, 0 is taken as the rainwater adhesion degree of this photovoltaic module, and thus the rainwater adhesion degree of each photovoltaic module is obtained.

[0040] Y4. Compare the wind load influence degree, the wind direction influence degree, and the rainwater adhesion degree with the corresponding set influence degrees to judge the environmental impact regulation requirements.

[0041] The rule for judging the environmental impact regulation requirements is: for the photovoltaic modules with the wind load influence degree greater than the set wind load influence degree, the regulation requirement is the tilt angle regulation requirement.

[0042] For the photovoltaic modules with the wind direction influence degree greater than the set wind direction influence degree, the regulation requirement is the direction angle regulation requirement.

[0043] For the photovoltaic modules with the rainwater adhesion degree greater than the set rainwater adhesion degree, the regulation requirement is the rainwater adhesion treatment regulation requirement.

[0044] Y5. Through the fuzzy logic algorithm, match the light intensity, tilt angle, and direction angle of each photovoltaic module with the reference light intensity, reference tilt angle, and reference direction angle of the corresponding photovoltaic module at the current time point to obtain the light influence regulation requirements.

[0045] The analysis method for the light influence regulation requirements is: record the light intensity, tilt angle, and direction angle of each photovoltaic module as , and , is the photovoltaic module number, .

[0046] Extract the reference light intensity, reference tilt angle, and reference direction angle of each photovoltaic module at each time point from the historical database, and then extract the reference light intensity, reference tilt angle, and reference direction angle of each photovoltaic module at the current time point, and denote them as 、 and 。

[0047] Perform deviation value analysis on the light intensity, tilt angle, and direction angle of each photovoltaic module and their corresponding reference light intensity, reference tilt angle, and reference direction angle to obtain the light influence deviation coefficient of each photovoltaic module. Among them, the light influence deviation coefficient of each photovoltaic module is calculated by the expression as Calculate the light influence deviation coefficient of each photovoltaic module , 、 and are the light intensity deviation weight, tilt angle deviation weight, and direction angle deviation weight of the set reference respectively, , 。

[0048] Regulate the photovoltaic modules with light influence deviation coefficients greater than the set light influence deviation coefficient threshold as light influence regulation requirements.

[0049] Through the coupling analysis of the wind speed, wind direction angle, rainwater adhesion amount in the dynamic environmental parameters and the direction angle and tilt angle in the attitude parameters, the present invention can accurately judge whether each photovoltaic module needs to be adjusted in tilt angle, adjusted in direction angle or cleared of rainwater, improving the recognition accuracy of regulation requirements.

[0050] It should be added that the acquisition method of the reference light intensity: collect the historical light intensity monitoring data of the location where the photovoltaic module is located in the recent period (such as a set of 3 days), and statistically calculate the average light intensity at each time point, and use this as the reference light intensity at each time point.

[0051] The acquisition method of the reference tilt angle: collect the historical tilt angle monitoring data of the location where the photovoltaic module is located in the recent period (such as a set of 3 days), and statistically calculate the power generation power at different tilt angles at each time point, and screen the tilt angle with the highest power generation power at each time point as the reference tilt angle at each time point.

[0052] It should be added that the acquisition method of the reference direction angle: collect the historical solar position monitoring data of the location where the photovoltaic module is located in the recent period (such as a set of 3 days), classify and organize them according to time and calculate the statistical quantity, and deeply analyze its time variation law for seasons and cycles, so as to obtain the reference direction angle at each time point.

[0053] It should be added that the light intensity directly determines the amount of electric energy that a photovoltaic module can generate, showing an almost linear relationship with the power generation. According to the principle of the photovoltaic effect, the stronger the light intensity, the higher the power generation. When there is a deviation in the light intensity, it will directly lead to a change in the power generation. The tilt angle determines the tilt angle and duration of the photovoltaic module receiving solar radiation, which has an important impact on the long-term power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation system. An appropriate tilt angle can enable the photovoltaic module to obtain more solar radiation for most of the year, improving the power generation efficiency. The azimuth angle mainly affects the situation of the photovoltaic module receiving sunlight at different times of the day. Compared with the light intensity and tilt angle, its impact on the power generation efficiency is relatively small. Therefore, setting For the convenience of analysis, it can be specifically set to 0.5, it can be specifically set to 0.3, it can be specifically set to 0.2.

[0054] It should be added that for the light intensity deviation part: It is used to measure the deviation degree between the current light intensity and the reference light intensity. For example, when the actual light intensity differs greatly from the reference light intensity, the value of this item will be large, thus increasing the light control demand coefficient and indicating that adjustments need to be made to light-related factors to optimize the power generation effect. For the tilt angle deviation part: It is used to reflect the deviation between the tilt angle of the photovoltaic module and the reference tilt angle. When the actual tilt angle deviates greatly from the reference angle, this item will correspondingly increase the light control demand coefficient, further reminding that the tilt angle of the photovoltaic module needs to be adjusted. For the azimuth angle deviation part: It is used to evaluate the deviation between the azimuth angle of the photovoltaic module and the reference azimuth angle. When the azimuth angle deviation is large, it will have a certain impact on the light control demand coefficient, indicating that fine-tuning of the module direction is needed. By weighted summing these three parts, multiple factors related to the light of the photovoltaic module and their deviations from the reference values are comprehensively considered, and then the light control demand coefficient can be calculated more accurately, providing a quantitative basis for the light control decision of the photovoltaic power station.

[0055] The device regulation confirmation module is used to identify the target photovoltaic module according to the regulation demand, and perform attitude regulation based on the attitude parameters and dynamic environment parameters of the target photovoltaic module.

[0056] Through real-time collection and correlation analysis of the dynamic environment parameters and attitude parameters of the photovoltaic module by multi-dimensional sensors, this invention generates regulation demands and performs attitude regulation, enabling the photovoltaic module to maintain the best power generation attitude while coping with strong winds, achieving a double improvement in power generation efficiency and equipment safety, and significantly increasing the adaptability of the photovoltaic module to the environment and the overall power generation efficiency.

[0057] For example Figure 3 The device regulation confirmation module includes the following: screening photovoltaic modules with environmental impact regulation requirements or light impact regulation requirements, and marking them as target photovoltaic modules.

[0058] When the target photovoltaic module has a tilt angle regulation requirement, determine the first regulated tilt angle of the target photovoltaic module according to the wind speed and the set wind load influence degree.

[0059] When the target photovoltaic module has a direction angle regulation requirement, determine the range of the first regulated direction angle of the target photovoltaic module according to the wind direction angle and the set deviation angle of the best wind direction influence.

[0060] Determine the second regulated tilt angle and the second regulated direction angle of the target photovoltaic module according to whether the target photovoltaic module has a light impact regulation requirement.

[0061] Confirm the final tilt angle according to the first regulated tilt angle and the second regulated tilt angle, and confirm the final direction angle according to the range of the first regulated direction angle and the second regulated direction angle.

[0062] When the target photovoltaic module has a rainwater adhesion treatment regulation requirement, compare the final tilt angle of the target photovoltaic module with the set tilt angle for rainwater adhesion treatment, and then perform rainwater adhesion treatment regulation. This can reduce the power generation loss caused by rainwater adhesion and accumulation on the photovoltaic module, and further improve the service life of the photovoltaic module.

[0063] The method for determining the first regulated tilt angle is as follows: extract the association mapping table of wind speed, tilt angle and wind load influence degree from the photovoltaic module database, screen the mapping relationship between the tilt angle and the wind load influence degree at the wind speed of the target photovoltaic module, and combine the set wind load influence degree to screen the first regulated tilt angle. The association mapping table of wind speed, tilt angle and wind load influence degree is constructed by multiple groups of artificial test data. For example, set the test data of the photovoltaic module at different tilt angles under different wind speeds, analyze the wind load influence degree at different tilt angles under different wind speeds, eliminate the tilt angles with wind load influence degree greater than the set wind load influence degree, and form an association mapping table with the remaining tilt angles and the corresponding wind load influence degree under different wind speeds.

[0064] The method for determining the range of the first regulated direction angle is as follows: perform addition and subtraction operations on the wind direction angle and the set deviation angle of the best wind direction influence respectively to obtain the subtraction operation result and the addition operation result of the wind direction angle and the set deviation angle of the best wind direction influence, and form the range of the first regulated direction angle according to the subtraction operation result and the addition operation result. In a specific embodiment, when the included angle between the wind direction and the plane normal direction of the photovoltaic module is within the range of ±15° (that is, the wind direction is parallel or nearly parallel to the module plane), the wind direction influence degree reaches the minimum, so the set deviation angle of the best wind direction influence is 15°.

[0065] The determination of the second adjustment tilt angle and the second adjustment direction angle of the target photovoltaic module is as follows: If there is a need for light influence adjustment for the target photovoltaic module, the reference tilt angle and the reference direction angle of the target photovoltaic module at the current time point are used as the second adjustment tilt angle and the second adjustment direction angle.

[0066] If there is no need for light influence adjustment for the target photovoltaic module, the tilt angle and the direction angle in the attitude parameters of the target photovoltaic module are used as the second adjustment tilt angle and the second adjustment direction angle.

[0067] It should be noted that the confirmation method of the final tilt angle is: compare the first adjustment tilt angle and the second adjustment tilt angle, select the adjustment tilt angle with a smaller angle, and use it as the final tilt angle.

[0068] The confirmation method of the final direction angle is: compare the first adjustment direction angle range with the second adjustment direction angle. If the second adjustment direction angle is within the first adjustment direction angle range, the second adjustment direction angle is used as the final direction angle. If the second adjustment direction angle is outside the first adjustment direction angle range, select the extreme value of the second adjustment direction angle close to the first adjustment direction angle range, and use the average value of the second adjustment direction angle and its extreme value as the final direction angle. In a specific embodiment, if the second adjustment direction angle is 60°, and the first adjustment direction angle range is (100°, 130°), then the extreme value of the second adjustment direction angle close to the first adjustment direction angle range is 100°, and the average value of 60° and 100° is used as the final direction angle.

[0069] The device operation analysis module is used to couple and analyze the irradiance sampling sequence, the power output curve and the conversion efficiency of each photovoltaic module within the monitoring period obtained periodically, so as to obtain the operation compliance index.

[0070] It should be added that the irradiance sampling sequence of each photovoltaic module within the monitoring period is constructed by recording data with an irradiance meter installed on the photovoltaic device, the power output curve is measured by a power meter installed on the photovoltaic device, and the conversion efficiency is calculated by substituting the irradiance and the output power into the efficiency calculation formula: output power / (irradiance × module area).

[0071] The operation compliance index analysis method is: divide adjacent areas according to the arrangement positions of each photovoltaic module to obtain the photovoltaic module sets of each adjacent area.

[0072] Compare the irradiance sampling sequences of each photovoltaic module in the photovoltaic module sets of each adjacent area with each other to obtain the irradiance difference sequences between each photovoltaic module and its adjacent photovoltaic modules, and analyze the irradiance compliance index of each photovoltaic module.

[0073] It should be noted that the irradiance compliance index of each photovoltaic module is obtained by calculating the difference sequence of irradiance between each photovoltaic module and its adjacent photovoltaic modules through average calculation and standard deviation calculation methods, so as to obtain the average irradiance difference and irradiance standard deviation between each photovoltaic module and its adjacent photovoltaic modules.

[0074] Ratio analysis is performed on the average irradiance difference and irradiance standard deviation between each photovoltaic module and its adjacent photovoltaic modules respectively with the average irradiance difference and average irradiance standard deviation, so as to obtain the irradiance compliance index of each photovoltaic module. Among them , in the formula is the irradiance compliance index, and are weight coefficients and , is the irradiance difference, is the average irradiance difference, is the irradiance standard deviation, is the average irradiance standard deviation.

[0075] In one embodiment, the initial values and are set, and this ratio is verified through gradient descent optimization experiments using the historical dataset of the photovoltaic system. Emphasize the weight of the average difference, because the systematic deviation has a more significant impact on the power generation efficiency and needs to be identified first. Pay appropriate attention to the volatility to capture short-term abnormal events. and are used to normalize the irradiance difference and irradiance standard deviation, and then perform weighted fusion to convert the complex irradiance state of the photovoltaic array into a single index. The reciprocal structure is to ensure that the greater the difference, the smaller the irradiance compliance index .

[0076] Extract the maximum power from the power output curves of each photovoltaic module in the photovoltaic modules of each adjacent area, calculate the power difference between each photovoltaic module and its adjacent photovoltaic module through difference calculation, and analyze the power compliance index of each photovoltaic module.

[0077] The power compliance index analysis method of each photovoltaic module is to calculate the average value of the power differences between each photovoltaic module and its adjacent photovoltaic modules to obtain the average power difference. When there is a power difference between a certain photovoltaic module and its adjacent photovoltaic module, the ratio of the average power difference to the power difference is used as the power compliance index of the photovoltaic module.

[0078] Ratio analysis is performed on the conversion efficiency of each photovoltaic module in the photovoltaic modules of each adjacent area and its corresponding rated conversion efficiency to obtain the conversion efficiency compliance index of each photovoltaic module.

[0079] The irradiance compliance index, power compliance index, and conversion efficiency compliance index of each photovoltaic module are weighted and accumulated to obtain an operation compliance index.

[0080] The device operation regulation module is used to generate a device shutdown and maintenance instruction for a photovoltaic module with an operation compliance index lower than the set compliance threshold, and perform optimization regulation on a photovoltaic module with an operation compliance index higher than the set compliance threshold and lower than the optimization index threshold.

[0081] The device operation regulation module includes the following: If there is a photovoltaic module with an operation compliance index higher than the set compliance threshold and lower than the optimization index threshold, then screen the photovoltaic module corresponding to the adjacent area of this photovoltaic module, and select the photovoltaic module with the highest operation compliance index and an operation compliance index higher than the optimization index threshold among the centralized operation compliance indexes of the photovoltaic modules in the adjacent area, and record it as the reference photovoltaic module. Use the attitude parameters of the reference photovoltaic module as the attitude parameters to be regulated for this photovoltaic module, and then perform optimization regulation on this photovoltaic module.

[0082] Through the present invention, by comparing and analyzing the irradiance sampling sequences, power output curves, and conversion efficiencies of the photovoltaic modules in each adjacent area, the photovoltaic modules with low operation compliance indexes are located and optimized, eliminating the differences in photovoltaic power generation caused by environmental differences in adjacent areas, reducing the possibility of inefficient operation of the equipment, and ensuring the overall power generation efficiency balance of the distributed photovoltaic power station.

[0083] The above content is only an example and illustration of the concept of the present invention. Those skilled in the art of this technology can make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to replace them. As long as they do not deviate from the concept of the invention or exceed the scope defined by the present invention, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent control system for distributed photovoltaic power station equipment, characterized in that: The system includes: Photovoltaic data acquisition module, used to collect dynamic environmental parameters and attitude parameters of each photovoltaic module in real time through multi-dimensional sensors. Dynamic environmental parameters include wind speed, wind direction angle, light intensity and rainwater attachment amount, and attitude parameters include direction angle and tilt angle; The equipment control demand analysis module is used to perform multi-dimensional correlation analysis on the dynamic environmental parameters and posture parameters of each photovoltaic module to obtain the control demand of the environmental impact and light impact of the photovoltaic module; The equipment control confirmation module is used to identify the target PV module according to the control requirements and perform attitude control based on the attitude parameters and dynamic environmental parameters of the target PV module; The equipment operation analysis module is used to couple and analyze the irradiance sampling sequence, power output curve and conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic modules in each adjacent area during the monitoring period to obtain the operation compliance index; The equipment operation control module is used to generate equipment shutdown maintenance instructions for photovoltaic modules whose operation compliance index is lower than the set compliance threshold, and to optimize and control photovoltaic modules whose operation compliance index is higher than the set compliance threshold and lower than the optimization index threshold; The method for obtaining the regulation requirements of the environmental impact and light impact of the photovoltaic module includes: The windward area and wind resistance are obtained according to the tilt angle in the attitude parameters of each photovoltaic module, and the influence of wind load is analyzed in combination with the wind speed in the dynamic environmental parameters; Substitute the difference between the wind direction angle and the direction angle into the cosine function to obtain the degree of influence of wind direction; Compare the rainwater adhesion amount in the dynamic environmental parameters with the set rainwater adhesion amount threshold to analyze the degree of rainwater adhesion; Compare the influence degree of wind load, wind direction and rainwater adhesion with the corresponding set influence degree to determine the environmental impact control needs; Through the fuzzy logic algorithm, the light intensity, tilt angle and direction angle of each photovoltaic module are matched with the reference light intensity, reference tilt angle and reference direction angle of the corresponding photovoltaic module at the current time point to obtain the light impact control demand.

2. According to claim 1, a distributed photovoltaic power station equipment intelligent control system is characterized by: The wind load influence degree analysis method is as follows: Obtain the standard length and standard width of the photovoltaic modules, substitute the standard length and standard width and the inclination angle of each photovoltaic module into the windward area calculation formula to obtain the windward area of ​​each photovoltaic module; The inclination angle of each photovoltaic module is matched and compared with the inclination angle interval corresponding to each set wind resistance coefficient to obtain the wind resistance coefficient of each photovoltaic module; The windward area, drag coefficient and wind speed of each photovoltaic module are multiplied to obtain the degree of wind load influence.

3. According to claim 1, a distributed photovoltaic power station equipment intelligent control system is characterized by: The rules for determining the demand for environmental impact regulation are as follows: The photovoltaic module control demand with a wind load impact degree greater than the set wind load impact degree is regarded as the tilt angle control demand; The control demand of photovoltaic modules with a wind direction influence degree greater than the set wind direction influence degree is regarded as the direction angle control demand; The control demand of photovoltaic components with a rainwater adhesion degree greater than the set rainwater adhesion degree is regarded as the rainwater adhesion treatment control demand.

4. The distributed photovoltaic power station equipment intelligent control system according to claim 3 is characterized by: The method for analyzing the lighting impact regulation demand is as follows: Extracting the reference light intensity, reference tilt angle and reference direction angle of each photovoltaic module at each time point from the historical database, and then extracting the reference light intensity, reference tilt angle and reference direction angle of each photovoltaic module at the current time point; The light intensity, tilt angle and direction angle of each photovoltaic module are analyzed for deviations from their corresponding reference light intensity, reference tilt angle and reference direction angle to obtain the light influence deviation coefficient of each photovoltaic module; The photovoltaic component control demand whose light impact deviation coefficient is greater than the set light impact deviation coefficient threshold is regarded as the light impact control demand.

5. The distributed photovoltaic power station equipment intelligent control system according to claim 4 is characterized by: The equipment control confirmation module includes the following contents: Screen photovoltaic modules that have environmental impact regulation requirements or light impact regulation requirements and record them as target photovoltaic modules; When there is a need to adjust the tilt angle of the target photovoltaic assembly, a first adjustment tilt angle of the target photovoltaic assembly is determined according to the wind speed and the influence degree of the set wind load; When there is a need for directional angle control of the target photovoltaic component, a first control directional angle range of the target photovoltaic component is determined according to the wind direction angle and the set optimal wind direction influence deviation angle; Determining a second control tilt angle and a second control direction angle of the target photovoltaic component according to whether the target photovoltaic component has a light-affected control demand; Determine a final tilt angle according to the first controlled tilt angle and the second controlled tilt angle, and determine a final direction angle according to the first controlled direction angle range and the second controlled direction angle; When there is a need for rainwater attachment treatment and regulation of the target photovoltaic module, the final inclination angle of the target photovoltaic module is compared with the set inclination angle for rainwater attachment treatment, and then the rainwater attachment treatment and regulation are performed.

6. A distributed photovoltaic power station equipment intelligent control system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The determination of the second regulating tilt angle and the second regulating direction angle of the target photovoltaic assembly is specifically as follows: If the target photovoltaic component has a light-affected regulation demand, the reference tilt angle and reference direction angle of the target photovoltaic component at the current time point are used as the second regulation tilt angle and the second regulation direction angle; If the target photovoltaic component does not have any light-affected regulation requirements, the tilt angle and direction angle in the attitude parameters of the target photovoltaic component are used as the second regulation tilt angle and the second regulation direction angle.

7. The distributed photovoltaic power station equipment intelligent control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operation compliance index analysis method is as follows: Dividing adjacent areas according to the arrangement positions of the photovoltaic modules to obtain photovoltaic module sets in each adjacent area; The irradiance sampling sequences of each photovoltaic module in each adjacent area are compared with each other to obtain the irradiance difference sequence between each photovoltaic module and its adjacent photovoltaic modules, and the irradiance compliance index of each photovoltaic module is analyzed; Extract the maximum power from the power output curve of each photovoltaic module in the photovoltaic module set of each adjacent area, calculate the power difference between each photovoltaic module and its adjacent photovoltaic module through difference calculation, and analyze the power compliance index of each photovoltaic module; The conversion efficiency of each photovoltaic module in each adjacent area is analyzed by ratio with its corresponding rated conversion efficiency to obtain the conversion efficiency compliance index of each photovoltaic module; The irradiance compliance index, power compliance index and conversion efficiency compliance index of each photovoltaic module are weighted and accumulated to obtain the operation compliance index.

8. The distributed photovoltaic power station equipment intelligent control system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The irradiance compliance index analysis method of each photovoltaic module is as follows: The irradiance difference sequence between each photovoltaic module and its adjacent photovoltaic modules is calculated by average calculation and standard deviation calculation to obtain the average irradiance difference and irradiance standard deviation between each photovoltaic module and its adjacent photovoltaic modules; The irradiance mean difference and irradiance standard deviation of each photovoltaic module and its adjacent photovoltaic modules are respectively compared with the average irradiance mean difference and average irradiance standard deviation to obtain the irradiance compliance index of each photovoltaic module.

9. The distributed photovoltaic power station equipment intelligent control system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The equipment operation control module includes the following: If there is a PV module whose operation compliance index is higher than the set compliance threshold and lower than the optimization index threshold, the PV modules in the adjacent area corresponding to the PV module whose concentrated operation compliance index is higher than the optimization index threshold and whose operation compliance index is the largest are selected and recorded as reference PV modules. The attitude parameters of the reference PV modules are used as the attitude parameters that need to be adjusted for the PV module, and the PV module is then optimized and adjusted.

Images