Intelligent Protection System and Method Based on PON Optical Link in Power Distribution Automation

Abstract

This invention discloses an intelligent protection system and method based on PON optical links in power distribution automation, belonging to the field of power management technology. This invention solves the problem of complex operation and maintenance, leading to a large workload, inherent in existing methods. It establishes a PON network in the distribution network and calculates historical fiber status information to obtain fiber warning thresholds; it establishes primary and backup fiber links and sets trigger conditions for the backup fiber links; based on the warning thresholds, it evaluates the real-time status of the fibers. If a fiber link triggers a fault condition, the current fiber link is automatically switched from the primary fiber link to the backup fiber link, thereby ensuring the continuity of power supply in the distribution network and improving power supply reliability; by setting a timed feedback mechanism, it achieves timed feedback of link status, enabling the status processing unit to receive the latest status information in a timely manner and make corresponding adjustments and optimizations based on the status information to ensure the stable operation of the distribution network.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power management technology, specifically to an intelligent protection system and method based on a PON optical link for power distribution automation. Background Technology

[0002] Distribution automation is a new type of power management system that monitors, controls, and optimizes the power grid through automation technology. It can monitor the grid's status in real time, accurately predict faults, and take timely measures to prevent fault escalation, ensuring the continuity and stability of power supply. A PON optical link refers to the optical transmission link in a Passive Optical Network (PON), mainly composed of an Optical Line Terminal (OLT), an Optical Distribution Network (ODN), and an Optical Network Unit (ONU). It can deliver electrical energy to users in a highly efficient and low-cost manner, and achieve remote communication and control through fiber optic networks, greatly reducing power loss and improving power quality and reliability. Distribution automation PON optical links apply PON technology to distribution automation systems, enabling remote monitoring and management of distribution automation equipment through optical links, achieving more intelligent and automated power management.

[0003] With the continuous development of network technology, PON optical links need to support faster and more complex network scenarios. Implementing protection mechanisms for PON optical links can ensure that the stability and reliability of the network are not affected during network upgrades and expansions, which is an important measure to adapt to complex network environments and meet future business needs.

[0004] However, in existing technologies, PON optical link protection mechanisms require regular inspection and maintenance to ensure that backup links are available; this increases the complexity and workload of operation and maintenance, and raises the overall deployment and maintenance costs of the network.

[0005] Therefore, it does not meet the existing requirements. In response, we propose an intelligent protection system and method based on the PON optical link for power distribution automation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent protection system and method based on PON optical links in power distribution automation. This system establishes a PON network in the power distribution network and calculates historical optical fiber status information to obtain an optical fiber early warning threshold. It establishes a primary optical fiber link and a backup optical fiber link, and sets triggering conditions for the backup optical fiber link. Based on the early warning threshold, the real-time status of the optical fiber is evaluated. If a fault condition is triggered in the optical fiber link, the current optical fiber link is automatically switched from the primary optical fiber link to the backup optical fiber link, thereby ensuring the continuity of power supply in the power distribution network and improving power supply reliability. By setting a timed feedback mechanism, the link status is fed back in a timely manner, enabling the status processing unit to receive the latest status information in a timely manner and make corresponding adjustments and optimizations based on the status information to ensure the stable operation of the power distribution network. This solves the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] The objective of this invention is achieved as follows: an intelligent protection system based on a PON optical link for power distribution automation, characterized in that: the intelligent protection system includes a PON network construction unit, used to establish a PON network in the power distribution network and connect the electrical equipment in the power distribution network and the power distribution automation system through optical fiber;

[0008] The link acquisition unit is used to obtain historical status information of optical fibers in the distribution network PON network through web crawling technology, forming an optical fiber information database. The status information of the optical fiber includes: length, loss, number of connectors and connection status. The status of the optical fiber is monitored in real time through the power distribution automation system, and the status of the optical fiber includes: changes in optical fiber length, changes in loss and changes in connector status.

[0009] The status processing unit is used to preprocess the historical status information of the optical fiber, and to calculate the historical status information of the preprocessed optical fiber using the intermediate value extraction method. It extracts the warning threshold for each status of the optical fiber, and evaluates and warns the real-time status of the optical fiber based on each warning threshold to obtain the current status information of the optical fiber.

[0010] The intelligent protection unit is used to establish a fiber optic link fault protection mechanism, including: establishing a primary fiber optic link and a backup fiber optic link, and setting the trigger conditions for the backup fiber optic link; based on the current fiber optic status information, if the current fiber optic link triggers the fault conditions, the intelligent protection unit will automatically switch the current fiber optic link from the primary fiber optic link to the backup fiber optic link.

[0011] The timing feedback unit is used to set a timing feedback mechanism for the link acquisition unit. After the link acquisition unit collects the status of the optical fiber in real time, it sends data feedback to the status processing unit at regular intervals according to the feedback node.

[0012] Preferably, the PON network building unit includes:

[0013] Network setup module, used to build PON networks in power distribution networks;

[0014] The power management module is used to control the power switches related to the PON network;

[0015] The configuration management module is used to manage and configure the parameters and rules of the PON network;

[0016] The network setup includes the following terminals:

[0017] The processor is used to process instructions and data related to the PON network;

[0018] The memory is used to store program code, configuration information, and status information related to the PON network.

[0019] PON terminal equipment is a terminal device used to connect to electrical equipment and power distribution automation systems in the power distribution network via optical fiber.

[0020] The communication interface is used to enable communication between the PON network and the power distribution network.

[0021] Preferably, the link acquisition unit includes

[0022] The web crawler engine module is used to obtain historical status information of optical fibers in the PON network of the power distribution network through web crawler technology, and save the historical information to form an optical fiber information database.

[0023] The fiber optic monitoring module is used to monitor the fiber optic cable in real time using an optical time domain reflectometer, and transmits the data detected by the optical time domain reflectometer to the status processing unit via GPRS technology.

[0024] The history record module is used to record changes in the fiber optic status. When the fiber optic status changes, the history record module records the status change and stores it in the fiber optic information database.

[0025] Preferably, the state processing unit includes:

[0026] The preprocessing module is used to preprocess the historical state information of optical fibers to make the dataset more regular and stable.

[0027] The state partitioning module is used to divide the preprocessed dataset into multiple time periods according to time sequence;

[0028] The threshold calculation module is used to calculate the average and median of the status data within each time period, and to perform a weighted average of the average and median of all time periods to obtain the average and median of the status. Then, based on the distribution of the average and median of the status, the status warning threshold of the optical fiber is determined.

[0029] The fault diagnosis module is used to assess and issue warnings on the real-time status of the optical fiber based on the warning threshold. If the real-time status of the optical fiber exceeds the warning threshold, it indicates that there is a problem with the optical fiber, and the alarm information is promptly fed back to the intelligent protection unit.

[0030] Preferably, the state processing unit further includes:

[0031] The fiber optic parameter extraction module is used to retrieve the length change rate, loss change rate, and connector status change rate contained in the fiber optic status information when the real-time status of the fiber does not exceed the warning threshold.

[0032] The loss comparison module is used to compare the loss change rate with a preset loss change risk warning threshold.

[0033] The fiber optic condition anomaly coefficient acquisition module is used to acquire the fiber optic condition anomaly coefficient by using the length change rate, loss change rate and connector condition change rate when the loss change rate exceeds the preset loss change risk warning threshold.

[0034] The optical fiber state anomaly coefficient is obtained by the following formula:

[0035]

[0036] Where J represents the fiber state anomaly coefficient; S represents the loss change rate; S y This indicates the preset risk warning threshold for changes in losses; L p Z represents the rate of change of length. p Indicates the rate of change of the joint condition;

[0037] An anomaly coefficient comparison module is used to compare the optical fiber state anomaly coefficient with a preset anomaly coefficient threshold.

[0038] The warning threshold adjustment module is used to adjust the warning threshold when the optical fiber status anomaly coefficient exceeds a preset anomaly coefficient threshold.

[0039] Preferably, the early warning threshold adjustment module includes:

[0040] The warning threshold retrieval module is used to retrieve the warning threshold when the optical fiber status anomaly coefficient exceeds the preset anomaly coefficient threshold.

[0041] The median retrieval module is used to retrieve the average and median of the length change rate, loss change rate, and joint status change rate for each time period.

[0042] The threshold adjustment coefficient acquisition module is used to obtain the threshold adjustment coefficient by combining the average and median of the length change rate, loss change rate, and connector status change rate for each time period with the fiber status anomaly coefficient.

[0043] The threshold adjustment coefficient is obtained by the following formula:

[0044]

[0045] Where Q represents the threshold adjustment coefficient corresponding to length, loss, and connection status; n represents the total number of time periods; X zi+1 Indicates the first i+ The median of the rate of change of length, rate of change of loss, and rate of change of joint condition over a given time period; X zi X represents the median of the length change rate, loss change rate, and connector condition change rate corresponding to the i-th time period; J represents the fiber condition anomaly coefficient; X represents the optical fiber condition anomaly coefficient. pi X represents the average of the length change rate, loss change rate, and joint condition change rate corresponding to the i-th time period; pi+1 This represents the average of the length change rate, loss change rate, and joint status change rate corresponding to the (i+1)th time period;

[0046] The warning threshold adjustment execution module is used to adjust the warning threshold using the threshold adjustment coefficient and obtain the adjusted warning threshold.

[0047] The adjusted warning threshold is obtained using the following formula:

[0048] Y t = (1+Q)·Y0;

[0049] Among them, Y t Y0 represents the adjusted warning threshold corresponding to length, loss, and connection status; Q represents the original warning threshold corresponding to length, loss, and connection status; and Q represents the threshold adjustment coefficient corresponding to length, loss, and connection status.

[0050] Preferably, the intelligent protection unit includes:

[0051] The condition triggering module is used to set fault triggering conditions based on the fault type of the main link in the historical status information of the optical fiber. The conditions include: single point of failure risk of the main link, load change of the main link, and status of the main link.

[0052] The link switching module is used to switch the primary fiber optic link to the backup fiber optic link when a failure condition is triggered in the fiber optic link.

[0053] Preferably, the timing feedback unit includes:

[0054] The timing setting module is used to add a timer to the link acquisition unit, set the acquisition time interval and feedback period for the link acquisition unit, so that the link acquisition unit can automatically trigger the status acquisition operation at the set time interval and periodically feed back the status information to the status processing unit for data analysis.

[0055] The frequency adjustment module is used to adjust the feedback cycle and time interval in a timely manner when a fiber optic fault is detected.

[0056] Preferably, the fault diagnosis module includes:

[0057] The troubleshooting module is used to attempt to troubleshoot the fiber optic fault when it occurs, and to feed back the troubleshooting results to the intelligent protection unit.

[0058] The method for intelligent protection based on the PON optical link of power distribution automation, implemented based on the intelligent protection system based on the PON optical link of power distribution automation as described in any one of claims 1-9, is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0059] Step S1: By establishing a PON network in the distribution network and using optical fiber to connect the electrical equipment and distribution automation system in the distribution network, remote communication and control are provided for the distribution network automation system.

[0060] Step S2: Calculate the historical state information of the optical fiber using the intermediate value extraction method to obtain the warning threshold for each state of the optical fiber;

[0061] Step S3: Set a timed feedback mechanism for the link acquisition unit. After the link acquisition unit collects the status of the optical fiber in real time, it will provide data feedback according to the feedback node at regular intervals.

[0062] Step S4: Based on each warning threshold, evaluate and issue warnings on the real-time status of the optical fiber to obtain the current status information of the optical fiber;

[0063] Step S5: Establish the primary fiber optic link and the backup fiber optic link, and set the trigger conditions for the backup fiber optic link.

[0064] Step S6: Based on the current fiber status information, if the current fiber link triggers a fault condition, the current fiber link will be automatically switched from the primary fiber link to the backup fiber link.

[0065] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following improvements and advantages:

[0066] 1. This invention establishes a PON network in the power distribution network, calculates the historical status information of optical fibers to obtain early warning thresholds for each state of the optical fibers; establishes a primary optical fiber link and a backup optical fiber link, and sets the triggering conditions for the backup optical fiber link; the link acquisition unit collects the status of the optical fibers in real time and provides feedback periodically; the real-time status of the optical fibers is evaluated based on the early warning thresholds, and if the optical fiber link triggers a fault condition, the current optical fiber link is automatically switched from the primary optical fiber link to the backup optical fiber link, thereby ensuring the continuity of power supply in the power distribution network and improving the reliability of power supply.

[0067] 2. This invention achieves timed feedback of link status by setting a timed feedback mechanism for real-time data, enabling the status processing unit to receive the latest status information in a timely manner and make corresponding adjustments and optimizations based on the status information to ensure the stable operation of the distribution network. Attached Figure Description

[0068] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating the composition of the intelligent protection system based on the PON optical link for power distribution automation according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0069] The invention will be further summarized below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0070] To address the technical challenge that existing PON optical link protection mechanisms require regular inspection and maintenance to ensure backup links remain available, thereby increasing operational complexity and workload, and raising overall network deployment and maintenance costs, such as… Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides the following technical solution:

[0071] The intelligent protection system based on the PON optical link for power distribution automation includes:

[0072] The PON network construction unit is used to establish a PON network in the power distribution network and connect electrical equipment and power distribution automation systems in the power distribution network via optical fiber to achieve remote communication and control. It also performs topology and protocol design for the PON network to ensure its stability and security. The PON network construction unit includes:

[0073] The network setup module is used to build a PON network in the power distribution network. The network setup includes the following terminals: a processor for processing PON network-related instructions and data, and the processor is programmable; a memory for storing PON network-related program code, configuration information, and status information, and the memory is read-write; PON terminal equipment for connecting to electrical equipment and power distribution automation systems in the power distribution network via optical fiber, and the PON terminal equipment supports the Ethernet protocol; and a communication interface for enabling communication between the PON network and the power distribution network, and the communication interface supports an Ethernet interface. Specifically, the PON optical link mainly consists of an optical line terminal (OLT) and an optical distribution network (ODN). It consists of an Optical Network Unit (ONU). The Optical Line Terminal (OLT) is located on the network side, usually at the central office, responsible for network centralization and access, optical-to-electrical conversion, bandwidth allocation, and control of channel connections, as well as real-time monitoring, management, and maintenance functions. The Optical Distribution Network (ODN) is located between the OLT and the ONU, providing optical channels. The ODN consists of passive devices such as optical splitters and does not contain any active electronic devices. The ONU is located on the user side, responsible for receiving data sent by the OLT and directly providing services to users. After registration, the ONU is assigned a unique logical link identifier to distinguish different ONUs.

[0074] The power management module controls the power switches associated with the PON network. Specifically, it monitors power supply voltage and current in real time and displays this information on the monitoring screen of the distribution network. Administrators can remotely control the power switches of all nodes in the PON network as needed to ensure normal operation and avoid unnecessary power outages due to overload. It can also monitor the load status of each node in the PON network via telemetry commands and automatically adjust the power output of each node based on the load to ensure power balance throughout the system. When an anomaly is detected, it can promptly issue an alarm to notify maintenance personnel for repair, preventing disruption to normal power supply. In summary, the power management module effectively controls the power switches associated with the PON network to ensure its stable operation.

[0075] The configuration management module is used to manage and configure the parameters and rules of the PON network. Specifically, the configuration management module receives configuration instructions from the superior management system or other modules, parses and verifies the received configuration instructions, modifies the parameters and rules of the PON network according to the configuration instructions, and distributes the modified parameters and rules to all nodes in the PON network.

[0076] The beneficial effects achieved by the above are as follows: By rapidly constructing and deploying PON networks in the distribution network, the goals of intelligent and automated distribution networks can be realized. Existing electrical equipment and distribution automation systems can be integrated into an intelligent PON network without altering the existing distribution network architecture, thereby improving the reliability and efficiency of the distribution network. Simultaneously, PON networks can provide more flexible network topologies and higher bandwidth, enabling easier interconnection and collaborative operation between nodes within the distribution network.

[0077] The link acquisition unit is used to acquire historical status information of optical fibers in the distribution network PON network through web crawling technology, forming an optical fiber information database. The status information of the optical fibers includes: length, loss, number of connectors, and connection status. The status of the optical fibers is monitored in real time by the distribution automation system, including changes in fiber length, loss, and connector status. When an anomaly is detected, the status processing unit issues an alarm, which is then handled by the intelligent protection unit. The link acquisition unit includes:

[0078] The web crawler engine module is used to obtain historical status information of optical fibers in the PON network of the power distribution network through web crawling technology, and save the historical information to form an optical fiber information database. Specifically, web crawling technology can obtain optical fiber status information by accessing relevant web pages and other relevant databases, and extract effective information by parsing the web page content and saving it to the optical fiber information database.

[0079] The fiber optic monitoring module uses an optical time-domain reflectometer (OTDR) to monitor optical fibers in real time. The data detected by the OTD is transmitted to the status processing unit via GPRS technology. Specifically, OTD is a non-destructive testing technique that determines fiber optic breaks, splices, and defects by measuring the reflection time and amplitude of optical signals. It allows for real-time monitoring of fiber optic status, such as length, loss, number of splices, and connection status. GPRS, a mobile communication technology, transmits data from field devices to the status processing unit. By combining the fiber optic status information detected by the OTD with GPRS technology, the fiber optic status information can be uploaded in real-time to the power distribution automation system and the status processing unit.

[0080] The history record module is used to record changes in the fiber optic status. When the fiber optic status changes, the history record module records the status change and stores it in the fiber optic information database.

[0081] The beneficial effects achieved by the above are as follows: By combining optical time-domain reflectometry (OTDR) and GPRS technology, it is possible to remotely transmit and analyze fiber optic status information while simultaneously monitoring the fiber optic status in real time. This allows for the implementation of appropriate measures, contributing to better management and maintenance of fiber optic resources in the power distribution network and ensuring the reliability of power supply. Furthermore, recording fiber optic status information provides a deeper understanding of fiber optic usage and maintenance needs, offering valuable reference information for subsequent maintenance and management.

[0082] A state processing unit is used to preprocess the historical state information of the optical fiber, and to calculate the preprocessed historical state information of the optical fiber using the median extraction method. This extracts the warning thresholds for each state of the optical fiber, and based on these warning thresholds, evaluates and issues warnings for the real-time state of the optical fiber, thus obtaining the current state information of the optical fiber. The state processing unit includes:

[0083] The preprocessing module is used to preprocess the historical state information of optical fibers. It traverses and analyzes the data stream, identifies abnormal or inconsistent data that requires preprocessing, and takes corresponding preprocessing measures according to different abnormalities or inconsistencies, such as removing duplicates and filling missing values. The preprocessed data is then integrated and summarized to form a new dataset, which is fed back to the state partitioning module for further processing. In summary, this module can effectively preprocess optical fiber state information, making the dataset more regular and stable, which helps to make subsequent analysis work more accurate and reliable.

[0084] The state partitioning module is used to divide the preprocessed dataset into multiple time periods according to time sequence. The data in each time period represents a continuous period of time, which can be set according to the actual situation, such as a day, a week, a month, etc. In specific implementation, the data in each time period can be discretized to reduce the number of states in the dataset to a minimum. This simplifies the state calculation process and better reflects the trend of state changes.

[0085] The threshold calculation module calculates the average and median of the status data within each time period. It then performs a weighted average of the average and median across all time periods to obtain the overall status average and median. Based on the distribution of the status average and median, it determines the fiber optic status warning threshold. Specifically, the calculation method for the status warning threshold is determined based on historical status data changes. For example, it may use linear interpolation to calculate the threshold, performing a weighted average of the average and median for each time period to consider the importance of status data in different time periods; or it may use a time-weighted average method, assigning different weights to the data in each time period to reflect their importance; and finally, it determines the fiber optic status warning threshold based on the distribution of the status average and median; or it may use statistical methods to analyze the status average and median and make a reasonable selection based on their distribution. Through these steps, the status warning threshold can be effectively calculated, taking into account the importance of status data in different time periods. The fiber optic status threshold represents the normal range for the fiber optic cable in different states; exceeding this threshold indicates a potential problem with the fiber optic cable.

[0086] The fault diagnosis module is used to assess and issue warnings on the real-time status of the optical fiber based on a warning threshold. If the real-time status of the optical fiber exceeds the warning threshold, it indicates a problem with the optical fiber, and the module promptly sends an alarm to the intelligent protection unit. The fault diagnosis module includes:

[0087] The troubleshooting module is used to attempt to troubleshoot fiber optic faults and feed the results back to the intelligent protection unit. This includes: determining the fault type based on factors such as frequency and duration; analyzing the cause of the fault based on historical records and on-site investigations; taking measures to eliminate the fault, such as replacing, cleaning, or repairing fiber optic connectors; recording the troubleshooting process and results in a database; and updating the fault status by resetting the fiber optic status to normal and sending the troubleshooting results to the intelligent protection unit. Through these steps, fiber optic faults can be effectively detected, and the results can be promptly fed back to the intelligent protection unit during troubleshooting, enabling the unit to take appropriate protective measures in a timely manner.

[0088] The beneficial effects achieved by the above are: by effectively utilizing the historical status information of optical fibers, the distribution network automation system can be assisted in assessing and providing early warnings about the status of optical fibers, thereby identifying problems in advance and preventing them from escalating.

[0089] Specifically, the state processing unit also includes:

[0090] The fiber optic parameter extraction module is used to retrieve the length change rate, loss change rate, and connector status change rate contained in the fiber optic status information when the real-time status of the fiber does not exceed the warning threshold.

[0091] The loss comparison module is used to compare the loss change rate with a preset loss change risk warning threshold.

[0092] The fiber optic condition anomaly coefficient acquisition module is used to acquire the fiber optic condition anomaly coefficient by using the length change rate, loss change rate and connector condition change rate when the loss change rate exceeds the preset loss change risk warning threshold.

[0093] The fiber optic condition anomaly coefficient is obtained using the following formula:

[0094]

[0095] Where J represents the fiber state anomaly coefficient; S represents the loss change rate; S y This indicates the preset risk warning threshold for changes in losses; L p Z represents the rate of change of length. p Indicates the rate of change of the joint condition;

[0096] An anomaly coefficient comparison module is used to compare the optical fiber state anomaly coefficient with a preset anomaly coefficient threshold.

[0097] The warning threshold adjustment module is used to adjust the warning threshold when the optical fiber status anomaly coefficient exceeds a preset anomaly coefficient threshold.

[0098] The technical effects of the above solution are as follows: Through the fiber optic parameter extraction module, the system can acquire fiber optic status information in real time, including length change rate, loss change rate, and connector status change rate, but only when the real-time status of these parameters does not exceed the initially set warning threshold. This mechanism helps reduce unnecessary data processing while ensuring a certain level of monitoring accuracy even when the fiber optic status is initially judged to be normal. The loss comparison module can accurately assess the fiber optic loss risk by comparing the loss change rate with the preset loss change risk warning threshold. This is of great significance for timely detection of potential fiber optic loss problems and prevention of signal quality degradation. When the loss change rate exceeds the warning threshold, the fiber optic status anomaly coefficient acquisition module uses the length change rate, loss change rate, and connector status change rate to comprehensively calculate the fiber optic status anomaly coefficient (J). This comprehensive evaluation method is more accurate than single-parameter judgment and can more comprehensively reflect the actual status of the fiber optic.

[0099] Through an anomaly coefficient comparison module and an early warning threshold adjustment module, the system can automatically adjust the early warning threshold based on the fiber optic status anomaly coefficient. This adaptive mechanism helps the system maintain the accuracy and effectiveness of early warnings when facing different environmental conditions and fiber optic aging. Overall, this technical solution improves the maintenance efficiency of fiber optic networks through real-time monitoring, precise assessment, and intelligent adjustment. It can provide early warnings before problems occur, reducing service interruptions caused by fiber optic faults and thus lowering maintenance costs. Through comprehensive monitoring and early warning of fiber optic status, this technical solution helps to promptly identify and resolve potential problems, thereby enhancing the stability and reliability of the fiber optic network.

[0100] In summary, this technical solution, through real-time monitoring, precise evaluation, and intelligent adjustment mechanisms, achieves comprehensive monitoring and early warning of fiber optic status, improving maintenance efficiency, reducing costs, and enhancing network stability and reliability.

[0101] Specifically, the early warning threshold adjustment module includes:

[0102] The warning threshold retrieval module is used to retrieve the warning threshold when the optical fiber status anomaly coefficient exceeds the preset anomaly coefficient threshold.

[0103] The median retrieval module is used to retrieve the average and median of the length change rate, loss change rate, and joint status change rate for each time period.

[0104] The threshold adjustment coefficient acquisition module is used to obtain the threshold adjustment coefficient by combining the average and median of the length change rate, loss change rate, and connector status change rate for each time period with the fiber status anomaly coefficient.

[0105] The threshold adjustment coefficient is obtained by the following formula:

[0106]

[0107] Where Q represents the threshold adjustment coefficient corresponding to length, loss, and connection status; n represents the total number of time periods; X zi+1 X represents the median of the rate of change of length, rate of change of loss, and rate of change of joint status corresponding to the (i+1)th time period; zi X represents the median of the length change rate, loss change rate, and connector condition change rate corresponding to the i-th time period; J represents the fiber condition anomaly coefficient; X represents the optical fiber condition anomaly coefficient. pi X represents the average of the length change rate, loss change rate, and joint condition change rate corresponding to the i-th time period; pi+1 This represents the average of the length change rate, loss change rate, and joint status change rate corresponding to the (i+1)th time period;

[0108] The warning threshold adjustment execution module is used to adjust the warning threshold using the threshold adjustment coefficient and obtain the adjusted warning threshold.

[0109] The adjusted warning threshold is obtained using the following formula:

[0110] Y t = (1+Q)·Y0;

[0111] Among them, Y t Y0 represents the adjusted warning threshold corresponding to length, loss, and connection status; Q represents the original warning threshold corresponding to length, loss, and connection status; and Q represents the threshold adjustment coefficient corresponding to length, loss, and connection status.

[0112] The technical effects of the above solution are as follows: Through the median retrieval module and the average retrieval module, the system can obtain the median and average values ​​of fiber optic status parameters for each time period. These statistics reflect the changing trend of fiber optic status over time. The threshold adjustment coefficient acquisition module uses these statistics and fiber optic status anomaly coefficients to calculate the threshold adjustment coefficient, enabling the warning threshold to be dynamically adjusted according to the actual changes in fiber optic status, thus improving the system's adaptability and accuracy. By comprehensively considering fiber optic status parameters (including length change rate, loss change rate, and connector status change rate) and their median and average values ​​across multiple time periods, the system can more comprehensively assess the fiber optic status, thereby adjusting the warning threshold more accurately. This comprehensive assessment method helps reduce false alarms and missed alarms, improving the accuracy and reliability of warnings. This technical solution achieves intelligent adjustment of the warning threshold, automatically adjusting it according to the actual changes in fiber optic status without manual intervention. This not only reduces the workload of maintenance personnel but also improves the intelligence level of fiber optic network management. By dynamically adjusting the warning threshold, the system can better adapt to various uncertainties and changes in the fiber optic network, such as environmental changes and equipment aging. This helps improve the system's robustness and stability, ensuring the normal operation of the fiber optic network in complex environments. Through precise early warning and intelligent adjustments, the system can take timely measures when fiber optic conditions are abnormal, preventing problems from escalating and thus optimizing resource utilization. This helps reduce service interruptions and resource waste caused by fiber optic failures.

[0113] In summary, this technical solution improves the accuracy and intelligence of fiber optic network monitoring by dynamically adjusting the early warning threshold, enhances the robustness and stability of the system, optimizes resource utilization, and provides a strong guarantee for the reliable operation of fiber optic networks.

[0114] The intelligent protection unit is used to establish a fiber optic link fault protection mechanism, including: establishing a primary fiber optic link and a backup fiber optic link, and setting the trigger conditions for the backup fiber optic link; based on the current fiber optic status information, if the current fiber optic link triggers a fault condition, the intelligent protection unit automatically switches the current fiber optic link from the primary fiber optic link to the backup fiber optic link, thereby better ensuring the stability and reliability of the power distribution communication network; the intelligent protection unit includes:

[0115] The condition triggering module is used to set fault triggering conditions based on the fault type of the main link in the historical status information of the optical fiber. These conditions include: the risk of a single point of failure in the main link, changes in the load of the main link, and the status of the main link. Specifically, the backup link is set up primarily to mitigate the risk of a single point of failure when the main link fails. Therefore, the triggering condition for the backup link can be set to a failure of the main link, such as optical power falling below a set threshold or complete disconnection. Secondly, when the load of the main link suddenly increases or decreases to a certain extent, it may increase the risk of a main link failure; in this case, the backup link can be activated as an alternative. Furthermore, the backup link can also determine whether a switchover is needed based on the status of the main link; for example, when the main link experiences a serious fault, the backup link can be activated as an alternative. Finally, the setting of the backup link needs to consider time factors, such as how long the backup link needs to take over the work of the main link to ensure timely switching to the backup link and avoid power outages caused by main link failures. In practical applications, the fault triggering conditions can be adjusted and optimized according to specific circumstances to ensure that the triggering conditions of the backup link effectively guarantee the continuity of power supply. In summary, the status of the current fiber optic link is determined based on the pre-set backup fiber optic link triggering conditions. If the triggering conditions are met, the fiber optic link is considered to be faulty.

[0116] The link switching module is used to switch the primary fiber optic link to the backup fiber optic link when the fiber optic link triggers a fault condition, thereby ensuring the continuity of power supply. At the same time, during the switching process, the intelligent protection unit also needs to continuously monitor the status of the fiber optic link and the backup link to ensure the smooth progress of the switching process and prevent new faults caused by abnormalities during the switching process.

[0117] The beneficial effects achieved by the above are as follows: by setting trigger conditions, a rapid switch to a backup link can be achieved when the main link fails, thereby ensuring the continuity of power supply and improving the reliability of power supply.

[0118] A timing feedback unit is used to set a timing feedback mechanism for the link acquisition unit. After the link acquisition unit acquires the status of the optical fiber in real time, it sends data feedback to the status processing unit at regular intervals according to the feedback nodes. The timing feedback unit includes:

[0119] The timing setting module is used to add timers to the link acquisition unit, setting the acquisition interval and feedback period for the link acquisition unit. This allows the link acquisition unit to automatically trigger status acquisition operations at the set intervals, determining the status update frequency of each link, and periodically feeding the status information back to the status processing unit for data analysis. Specifically, this is achieved by adding one or more timers to the link acquisition unit and setting their trigger conditions and intervals as needed. For example, timers can be set to automatically trigger status acquisition operations at specific times, such as every hour, day, or week. The timed tasks are added to the operating system or application of the link acquisition unit, and corresponding trigger conditions are set in the operating system or application according to the time intervals set by the timers. This allows the link acquisition unit to set the acquisition interval and feedback period, automatically triggering status acquisition operations at the set intervals, thus determining the status update frequency of each link, and enabling the status information to be periodically fed back to the status processing unit for data analysis.

[0120] The frequency adjustment module is used to promptly adjust the feedback period and time interval when a fiber optic fault is detected. Specifically, it uses the fiber optic status analysis results obtained from the fault diagnosis module to determine whether a fiber optic fault has occurred. After confirming the fault, the frequency adjustment module adjusts the feedback period and time interval accordingly, such as increasing or decreasing the feedback period, to better adapt to changes in the actual status. After adjusting the feedback period and time interval, the frequency adjustment module restarts the status acquisition operation to obtain the latest status information. In this way, it can respond promptly to changes in link status and adjust the feedback period and time interval accordingly to adapt to changes in the actual situation, ensuring the timeliness and accuracy of status information.

[0121] The beneficial effects achieved by the above are as follows: By setting a timed feedback mechanism for real-time data, the link status can be fed back in a timely manner, enabling the status processing unit to receive the latest status information in a timely manner and make corresponding adjustments and optimizations based on the status information, so as to ensure the stable operation of the distribution network.

[0122] To better demonstrate the operation process of an intelligent protection system based on a PON optical link for power distribution automation, this invention provides an intelligent protection method based on a PON optical link for power distribution automation, comprising the following steps:

[0123] Step S1: By establishing a PON network in the distribution network and using optical fiber to connect the electrical equipment and distribution automation system in the distribution network, remote communication and control are provided for the distribution network automation system.

[0124] Step S2: Calculate the historical state information of the optical fiber using the intermediate value extraction method to obtain the warning threshold for each state of the optical fiber;

[0125] Step S3: Set a timed feedback mechanism for the link acquisition unit. After the link acquisition unit collects the status of the optical fiber in real time, it will provide data feedback according to the feedback node at regular intervals.

[0126] Step S4: Based on each warning threshold, evaluate and issue warnings on the real-time status of the optical fiber to obtain the current status information of the optical fiber;

[0127] Step S5: Establish the primary fiber optic link and the backup fiber optic link, and set the trigger conditions for the backup fiber optic link.

[0128] Step S6: Based on the current fiber status information, if the current fiber link triggers a fault condition, the current fiber link will be automatically switched from the primary fiber link to the backup fiber link.

[0129] The beneficial effects achieved by the above are: by implementing intelligent protection for the PON optical link in power distribution automation, the function is to detect and take measures in a timely manner when a fault occurs, prevent the fault from escalating, and ensure the continuity and stability of power supply.

[0130] Working principle: By establishing a PON network in the distribution network, the historical status information of the optical fiber is calculated to obtain the early warning threshold for each state of the optical fiber; a primary optical fiber link and a backup optical fiber link are established, and the triggering conditions of the backup optical fiber link are set; the status of the optical fiber is collected in real time by the link acquisition unit and feedback is provided periodically; the real-time status of the optical fiber is evaluated based on the early warning threshold. If the optical fiber link triggers the fault condition, the current optical fiber link is automatically switched from the primary optical fiber link to the backup optical fiber link, thereby ensuring the continuity of power supply in the distribution network and improving the reliability of power supply.

[0131] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent protection system based on a PON optical link for power distribution automation, characterized in that: The intelligent protection system includes a PON network construction unit, which is used to establish a PON network in the power distribution network and connect the electrical equipment and the power distribution automation system in the power distribution network through optical fiber. The link acquisition unit is used to obtain historical status information of optical fibers in the distribution network PON network through web crawling technology, and form an optical fiber information database. The status information of the optical fiber includes: length, loss, number of connectors, and connection status; and the status of the optical fiber is monitored in real time through the power distribution automation system, including changes in the length, loss, and connector status of the optical fiber. The status processing unit is used to preprocess the historical status information of the optical fiber, and to calculate the historical status information of the preprocessed optical fiber using the intermediate value extraction method. It extracts the warning threshold for each status of the optical fiber, and evaluates and warns the real-time status of the optical fiber based on each warning threshold to obtain the current status information of the optical fiber. The state processing unit includes: The fiber optic parameter extraction module is used to retrieve the length change rate, loss change rate, and connector status change rate contained in the fiber optic status information when the real-time status of the fiber does not exceed the warning threshold. The loss comparison module is used to compare the loss change rate with a preset loss change risk warning threshold. The fiber optic condition anomaly coefficient acquisition module is used to acquire the fiber optic condition anomaly coefficient by using the length change rate, loss change rate and connector condition change rate when the loss change rate exceeds the preset loss change risk warning threshold. The optical fiber state anomaly coefficient is obtained by the following formula: Where J represents the fiber state anomaly coefficient; S represents the loss change rate; S y This indicates the preset risk warning threshold for changes in loss; L p Z represents the rate of change of length. p Indicates the rate of change of the joint condition; An anomaly coefficient comparison module is used to compare the optical fiber state anomaly coefficient with a preset anomaly coefficient threshold. The warning threshold adjustment module is used to adjust the warning threshold when the optical fiber status anomaly coefficient exceeds a preset anomaly coefficient threshold. The intelligent protection unit is used to establish a fiber optic link fault protection mechanism, including: establishing a primary fiber optic link and a backup fiber optic link, and setting the trigger conditions for the backup fiber optic link; based on the current fiber optic status information, if the current fiber optic link triggers the fault conditions, the intelligent protection unit will automatically switch the current fiber optic link from the primary fiber optic link to the backup fiber optic link. The early warning threshold adjustment module includes: The warning threshold retrieval module is used to retrieve the warning threshold when the optical fiber status anomaly coefficient exceeds the preset anomaly coefficient threshold. The median retrieval module is used to retrieve the average and median of the length change rate, loss change rate, and joint status change rate for each time period. The threshold adjustment coefficient acquisition module is used to obtain the threshold adjustment coefficient by combining the average and median of the length change rate, loss change rate, and connector status change rate for each time period with the fiber status anomaly coefficient. The threshold adjustment coefficient is obtained by the following formula: Where Q represents the threshold adjustment coefficient corresponding to length, loss, and connection status; n represents the total number of time periods; X zi+1 X represents the median of the rate of change of length, rate of change of loss, and rate of change of joint status corresponding to the (i+1)th time period; zi X represents the median of the length change rate, loss change rate, and connector condition change rate corresponding to the i-th time period; J represents the fiber condition anomaly coefficient; X represents the optical fiber condition anomaly coefficient. pi X represents the average of the length change rate, loss change rate, and joint condition change rate corresponding to the i-th time period; pi+1 Indicates the first i+1 The average of the length change rate, loss change rate, and joint condition change rate for each time period; The warning threshold adjustment execution module is used to adjust the warning threshold using the threshold adjustment coefficient and obtain the adjusted warning threshold. The adjusted warning threshold is obtained using the following formula: Y t =(1+Q)·Y0; Among them, Y t Y0 represents the adjusted warning threshold corresponding to length, loss, and connection status; Q represents the original warning threshold corresponding to length, loss, and connection status; and Q represents the threshold adjustment coefficient corresponding to length, loss, and connection status. The timing feedback unit is used to set a timing feedback mechanism for the link acquisition unit. After the link acquisition unit collects the status of the optical fiber in real time, it sends data feedback to the status processing unit at regular intervals according to the feedback node.

2. The intelligent protection system based on the PON optical link for power distribution automation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PON network construction unit includes: Network setup module, used to build PON networks in power distribution networks; The power management module is used to control the power switches related to the PON network; The configuration management module is used to manage and configure the parameters and rules of the PON network; The network setup includes the following terminals: The processor is used to process instructions and data related to the PON network; The memory is used to store program code, configuration information, and status information related to the PON network. PON terminal equipment is a terminal device used to connect to electrical equipment and power distribution automation systems in the power distribution network via optical fiber. The communication interface is used to enable communication between the PON network and the power distribution network.

3. The intelligent protection system based on the PON optical link for power distribution automation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The link acquisition unit includes The web crawler engine module is used to obtain historical status information of optical fibers in the PON network of the power distribution network through web crawler technology, and save the historical information to form an optical fiber information database. The fiber optic monitoring module is used to monitor the fiber optic cable in real time using an optical time domain reflectometer, and transmits the data detected by the optical time domain reflectometer to the status processing unit via GPRS technology. The history record module is used to record changes in the fiber optic status. When the fiber optic status changes, the history record module records the status change and stores it in the fiber optic information database.

4. The intelligent protection system based on the PON optical link for power distribution automation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The state processing unit includes: The preprocessing module is used to preprocess the historical state information of optical fibers to make the dataset more regular and stable. The state partitioning module is used to divide the preprocessed dataset into multiple time periods according to time sequence; The threshold calculation module is used to calculate the average and median of the status data within each time period, and to perform a weighted average of the average and median of all time periods to obtain the average and median of the status. Then, based on the distribution of the average and median of the status, the status warning threshold of the optical fiber is determined. The fault diagnosis module is used to assess and issue warnings on the real-time status of the optical fiber based on the warning threshold. If the real-time status of the optical fiber exceeds the warning threshold, it indicates that there is a problem with the optical fiber, and the alarm information is promptly fed back to the intelligent protection unit.

5. The intelligent protection system based on the PON optical link for power distribution automation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent protection unit includes: The condition triggering module is used to set fault triggering conditions based on the fault type of the main link in the historical status information of the optical fiber. The conditions include: single point of failure risk of the main link, load change of the main link, and status of the main link. The link switching module is used to switch the primary fiber optic link to the backup fiber optic link when a failure condition is triggered in the fiber optic link.

6. The intelligent protection system based on the PON optical link for power distribution automation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The timing feedback unit includes: The timing setting module is used to add a timer to the link acquisition unit, set the acquisition time interval and feedback period for the link acquisition unit, so that the link acquisition unit can automatically trigger the status acquisition operation at the set time interval and periodically feed back the status information to the status processing unit for data analysis. The frequency adjustment module is used to adjust the feedback cycle and time interval in a timely manner when a fiber optic fault is detected.

7. The intelligent protection system based on the PON optical link for power distribution automation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fault diagnosis module includes: The troubleshooting module is used to attempt to troubleshoot the fiber optic fault when it occurs, and to feed back the troubleshooting results to the intelligent protection unit.

8. A method for intelligent protection of a PON optical link based on power distribution automation, implemented based on the intelligent protection system of a PON optical link based on power distribution automation as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step S1: By establishing a PON network in the distribution network and using optical fiber to connect the electrical equipment and distribution automation system in the distribution network, remote communication and control are provided for the distribution network automation system. Step S2: Calculate the historical state information of the optical fiber using the intermediate value extraction method to obtain the warning threshold for each state of the optical fiber; Step S3: Set a timed feedback mechanism for the link acquisition unit. After the link acquisition unit collects the status of the optical fiber in real time, it will provide data feedback according to the feedback node at regular intervals. Step S4: Based on each warning threshold, evaluate and issue warnings on the real-time status of the optical fiber to obtain the current status information of the optical fiber; Step S5: Establish the primary fiber optic link and the backup fiber optic link, and set the trigger conditions for the backup fiber optic link. Step S6: Based on the current fiber status information, if the current fiber link triggers a fault condition, the current fiber link will be automatically switched from the primary fiber link to the backup fiber link.

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