Portable single photon light source emitter device and method of use

Abstract

The invention discloses a portable single-photon light source emitter device and a use method, and relates to the technical field of quantum information. The device comprises a light source part, a detector part and a shell part, the light source part comprises a light-emitting diode, a polaroid and a ball valve; the detector part comprises a photomultiplier; the invention mainly aims to provide a portable single-photon light source emitter device, and aims to solve the problems of complicated equipment, high cost and high use difficulty in the prior art, and through the design of a light source part and a detector part, the stability and adaptability of a light source are improved; and the whole shell structure is made of a low-cost material, so that the preparation cost is reduced, and the practicability and the flexibility of the device are improved by adjusting a light source adjusting parameter according to the waveform of the output signal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of quantum information technology, and in particular to a portable single-photon light source transmitter device and a method of using the same. Background Art

[0002] A single-photon light source refers to a light source that can emit single photons. It has broad application prospects and important research value in the fields of quantum communication, quantum computing, and quantum optical measurement. The complexity of a single-photon light source device is mainly reflected in its multiple key components, which are not only numerous, but also have very high requirements for their respective functions and performance. As the core of the device, the preparation and integration technology of a single-photon source is complex and requires high-precision process and equipment support. Different implementation methods, such as quantum dots, single molecules, or superconducting circuits, have their own unique preparation and maintenance requirements. The accuracy and stability of optical components such as beam splitters, mirrors, and interferometers are crucial to the experimental results. They require precise design and manufacture to ensure the transmission and interference effects of photons. In single-photon interference experiments, the detector needs to have extremely high sensitivity and resolution so that it can accurately detect the existence and state of a single photon, which requires the detector to have advanced photoelectric conversion technology and signal processing capabilities.

[0003] At present, the complexity and high requirements of single-photon light source devices also lead to the problem that they are not easy to move. Since the device contains multiple precision optical and electronic devices, the size and weight of the entire device are relatively large. This requires additional equipment and manpower support during the movement and deployment of the device. At the same time, some single-photon sources and detectors have strict requirements on environmental conditions (such as temperature, humidity, vibration, etc.). During the movement process, it is necessary to ensure that these environmental conditions are met to avoid affecting the performance of the device. Precise connection and calibration are required between the various components in the device to ensure the transmission and interference effect of photons. During the movement process, these connections and calibrations may be disturbed or damaged, and need to be re-debugged and calibrated. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of this application is to provide a portable single-photon light source emitter device, which aims to solve the problems of complex equipment, high cost and difficulty in use in the prior art. Through the design of the light source part and the detector part, the stability and adaptability of the light source are improved; and the overall shell structure is made of low-cost materials, which reduces the preparation cost. At the same time, the method of adjusting the light source adjustment parameters according to the waveform of the output signal is used to improve the practicality and flexibility of the device.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the embodiment of the present application provides a portable single-photon light source emitter device, the device comprising a light source part, a detector part and a device housing part; the light source part comprises a light emitting diode, a polarizer and a ball valve; the detector part comprises a photomultiplier tube;

[0006] Wherein, the light emitting diode is used to realize the generation of single photon light source signal;

[0007] The polarizer is connected to the ball valve, and is used to receive the single-photon light source signal and adjust the polarization state of the single-photon light source signal;

[0008] The ball valve is connected to the photomultiplier tube, and the ball valve is used to receive the single-photon light source signal after the polarization state is adjusted, and adjust the light intensity of the single-photon light source signal;

[0009] The photomultiplier tube is used to receive the single-photon light source signal after the light intensity is adjusted, and convert the single-photon light source signal into a corresponding electrical signal.

[0010] In one embodiment, the device housing portion further comprises a metal tube shell of a light source portion and a metal tube shell of a detector portion;

[0011] The metal tube shell of the light source is connected to the metal tube shell of the detector, and the metal tube shell of the light source part is used to protect the light source part and prevent the single-photon light source signal from being interfered by the outside world;

[0012] The metal tube shell of the detector part is used to protect the detector part and perform electromagnetic shielding for the detector part.

[0013] In one embodiment, the light source portion further comprises a light emitting diode power line, a front cover and a first 3D printed tubular fixing structure;

[0014] The LED power line is connected to the LED, the LED power line is used to transmit the power supply voltage input to the LED, and the front cover is used to fix the LED;

[0015] The first 3D printed tubular fixing structure is connected to the metal tube shell of the light source part, and the first 3D printed tubular fixing structure is used to fix the polarizer.

[0016] In one embodiment, the polarizer further comprises a front polarizer and a rear polarizer;

[0017] Wherein, the front polarizer is fixed on the front cover at a preset position away from the light-emitting diode, and the rear polarizer is fixed to the front end of the first 3D printed tubular fixing structure;

[0018] Different angles between the front polarizer and the rear polarizer correspond to different polarization states of the single-photon light source signal.

[0019] In one embodiment, the detector part further includes: a photomultiplier tube power line, a photomultiplier tube voltage divider and a photomultiplier tube signal line;

[0020] Wherein, the photomultiplier tube power line is connected to the photomultiplier tube, and the photomultiplier tube power line is used to transmit the power supply voltage input to the photomultiplier tube;

[0021] The photomultiplier tube voltage divider is connected to the photomultiplier tube, and the photomultiplier tube voltage divider divides the supply voltage input to the photomultiplier tube;

[0022] The photomultiplier tube signal line is connected to the photomultiplier tube, and the photomultiplier tube signal line is used to transmit the electrical signal output by the photomultiplier tube.

[0023] In one embodiment, the detector portion further includes: a rear cover and a second 3D printed tubular fixing structure;

[0024] Wherein, the rear cover is connected to the second 3D printed tubular fixed structure, and the rear cover is used to protect the detector part and provide an outlet for the photomultiplier tube power line and the photomultiplier tube signal line;

[0025] The second 3D printed tubular fixing structure is connected to the metal tube shell of the detector part, and the second 3D printed tubular fixing structure is used to fix the photomultiplier tube.

[0026] A method for using a portable single-photon light source emitter device, the method comprising the following steps:

[0027] Detecting the output state of the single-photon light source signal using the electrical signal output by the photomultiplier tube signal line;

[0028] According to the output state of the single-photon light source signal, adjusting the corresponding light source adjustment parameter;

[0029] According to the adjustment result of the light source adjustment parameter, a stable single-photon light source signal is output.

[0030] In one embodiment, the step of detecting the output state of the single-photon light source signal using the electrical signal output by the photomultiplier tube signal line further includes:

[0031] The light emitting diode is powered by the light emitting diode power line, and the light emitting diode outputs an unstable single-photon light source signal;

[0032] The photomultiplier tube is powered by the photomultiplier tube power line, and the photomultiplier tube signal line is connected to the input end of an oscilloscope to observe the waveform of the electrical signal output by the photomultiplier tube signal line;

[0033] According to the waveform displayed on the oscilloscope, it is determined whether the output state of the single-photon light source signal corresponding to the electrical signal is stable.

[0034] In one embodiment, the step of judging whether the output state of the single-photon light source signal corresponding to the electrical signal is stable according to the waveform displayed on the oscilloscope further includes:

[0035] When the waveform of the electrical signal on the oscilloscope appears a preset number of times and the signal amplitude is within a preset interval, it is determined that the single-photon light source signal output by the emitter device is in a stable output state.

[0036] In one embodiment, the step of adjusting the corresponding light source adjustment parameter according to the output state of the single-photon light source signal further includes:

[0037] According to the output waveform corresponding to the single-photon light source signal, the voltage parameter of the light source part, the angle parameter between the front polarizer and the rear polarizer, and the opening and closing degree parameter of the ball valve are adjusted.

[0038] The above one or more technical solutions provided by this application may have the following advantages or at least achieve the following technical effects:

[0039] The present application discloses a portable single-photon light source transmitter device and a method of using the device, which relates to the field of quantum information technology. The device mainly includes a light source part, a detector part and a device shell part; the light source part includes a light emitting diode, a polarizer and a ball valve; the detector part includes a photomultiplier tube; wherein the light emitting diode is used to realize the generation of a single-photon light source signal; the polarizer is connected to the ball valve, the polarizer is used to receive the single-photon light source signal, and adjust the polarization state of the single-photon light source signal; the ball valve is connected to the photomultiplier tube, the ball valve is used to receive the single-photon light source signal after the polarization state is adjusted, and adjust the light intensity of the single-photon light source signal; the photomultiplier tube is used to receive the single-photon light source signal after the illumination intensity is adjusted, and convert the single-photon light source signal into a corresponding electrical signal. The present application aims to solve the problems of complex equipment, high difficulty in use and high cost in the prior art. Through the design of the light source part and the detector part, the stability and adaptability of the light source are improved; and the overall shell structure is made of low-cost materials, which reduces the preparation cost. At the same time, the method of adjusting the light source adjustment parameters according to the waveform of the output signal is also provided to improve the practicality and flexibility of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0041] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a portable single-photon light source emitter device proposed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a light source portion of a portable single-photon light source emitter device proposed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a portable single-photon light source emitter device proposed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 4 A schematic flow chart of a method for using the portable single-photon light source emitter device proposed in an embodiment of the present application.

[0045] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0047] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present application involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0048] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present application, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features limited to "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, if "and / or" or "and / or" appears in the full text, its meaning includes three parallel schemes. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes scheme A, or scheme B, or a scheme that satisfies both A and B. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by this application.

[0049] In order to achieve efficient use of a portable single-photon light source emitter device, this application will introduce in detail a portable single-photon light source emitter device and a method of use. Figure 1 , Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a portable single-photon light source transmitter device proposed in an embodiment of the present application. The present application proposes a portable single-photon light source transmitter device, which carefully designs the light source part, the detector part and the device shell part to ensure efficient, stable and portable operating performance. These parts are precisely designed and assembled to form a portable single-photon light source transmitter device with a compact structure and complete functions. The portable single-photon light source transmitter device of the present application realizes an efficient, stable and portable single-photon light source solution through careful design and assembly. The device integrates the light source part, the detector part and the device shell part. By adjusting parameters such as the signal source voltage, the polarizer angle and the ball valve opening and closing degree, the performance of the light source can be optimized and a stable single-photon signal can be generated. At the same time, the shell part of the device provides good electromagnetic shielding and darkroom effects, ensuring the stable operation of the light source and the detector. The device has broad application prospects and important research value in the fields of quantum communication, quantum computing and quantum optical measurement.

[0050] In this embodiment, the device includes a light source part, a detector part and a device housing part; the light source part includes a light emitting diode, a polarizer and a ball valve; the detector part includes a photomultiplier tube;

[0051] Wherein, the light emitting diode is used to realize the generation of single photon light source signal;

[0052] The polarizer is connected to the ball valve, and is used to receive the single-photon light source signal and adjust the polarization state of the single-photon light source signal;

[0053] The ball valve is connected to the photomultiplier tube, and the ball valve is used to receive the single-photon light source signal after the polarization state is adjusted, and adjust the light intensity of the single-photon light source signal;

[0054] The photomultiplier tube is used to receive the single-photon light source signal after the light intensity is adjusted, and convert the single-photon light source signal into a corresponding electrical signal.

[0055] Specifically, in this embodiment, the device consists of three main parts: a light source part, a detector part, and a device housing part. The light source part is responsible for generating and adjusting light signals, the detector part is responsible for receiving and converting these light signals into electrical signals, and the device housing part plays the role of protecting and supporting these components.

[0056] Light-emitting diodes are the core of portable single-photon light source emitter devices, used to generate single photons. In this application, light-emitting diodes are carefully selected to ensure that the photons they emit have extremely high monochromaticity and coherence, which is the basis for high-precision optical experiments.

[0057] The polarizer is a key control component of the light source. It is located behind the light-emitting diode and is used to receive the single-photon light source signal emitted by the light-emitting diode. The polarizer has a specific light transmission axis, and only light signals parallel to this axis can pass through. By rotating the polarizer, the polarization direction of the light signal can be adjusted, thereby achieving precise control of the polarization state of the light signal.

[0058] The ball valve is used as an adjustable optical attenuator. It is located behind the polarizer and is used to receive polarization-adjusted single-photon light source signals. The ball valve can control the intensity of the light signal passing through by adjusting the aperture or transmittance inside it. This adjustment capability allows the device to flexibly adapt to different light signal intensity requirements, ensuring that the detector part can receive light signals of appropriate intensity.

[0059] The photomultiplier tube (PMT) is a highly sensitive photodetector that can convert weak light signals into measurable electrical signals. In the device, the PMT is located behind the ball valve and is used to receive single-photon light source signals with adjusted light intensity. The PMT contains a multi-stage multiplication structure that can gradually amplify the electronic signal excited by a single photon, thereby achieving accurate detection of weak light signals.

[0060] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the device housing portion further includes a metal tube shell of the light source portion and a metal tube shell of the detector portion;

[0061] The metal tube shell of the light source is connected to the metal tube shell of the detector, and the metal tube shell of the light source part is used to protect the light source part and prevent the single-photon light source signal from being interfered by the outside world;

[0062] The metal tube shell of the detector part is used to protect the detector part and perform electromagnetic shielding for the detector part.

[0063] Specifically, in this embodiment, the device shell is a key structure to protect the internal components and ensure the stable operation of the device. It is mainly composed of a metal tube shell of the light source part and a metal tube shell of the detector part, which are connected together in an appropriate manner to form a complete and closed protection system.

[0064] The metal shell of the light source part is an important component in the device for protecting the light source part. It is usually made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant metal materials such as stainless steel or aluminum alloy to ensure that its structural integrity and performance stability can be maintained even in harsh environments. The metal shell can effectively prevent external dust, moisture, oil and other harmful substances from invading the light source part, thereby protecting key components such as the light-emitting diode ball valve from damage. The metal shell of the light source part has excellent electromagnetic shielding performance, which can prevent external electromagnetic fields from interfering with the single-photon light source signal. This is crucial to ensure the stability and accuracy of the light source signal, especially in applications that require high-precision measurement. At the same time, it can also prevent the electromagnetic radiation generated by the light source part from leaking into the external environment, avoiding interference with other electronic equipment.

[0065] The metal shell of the detector part is also made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant metal materials to protect key components such as photomultiplier tubes. Similar to the metal shell of the light source part, the metal shell of the detector part can also effectively prevent external dust, moisture and other harmful substances from invading the detector part, thereby protecting components such as photomultiplier tubes from damage. It can also provide mechanical protection to prevent components from loosening or damage due to factors such as vibration and impact. The metal shell of the detector part also has excellent electromagnetic shielding performance. It can prevent external electromagnetic fields from interfering with the photomultiplier tube, ensuring that the detector can accurately receive and convert optical signals into electrical signals. In addition, it can prevent the electromagnetic radiation generated by the detector part from leaking into the external environment, protecting the normal operation of surrounding electronic equipment.

[0066] It is particularly important to note that the device housing is designed with a reasonable structure to ensure that the light source part, the detector part and the connecting components between them can be stably fixed in a predetermined position to prevent performance degradation or damage caused by factors such as vibration or impact. For components that need to work for a long time or generate a lot of heat, the device housing is usually designed with a heat dissipation structure to ensure that these components can work stably within a suitable temperature range. In addition, the metal tube shell of the light source part and the metal tube shell of the detector part are connected together in an appropriate manner, such as threaded connection, flange connection or welding. The choice of connection method should be determined according to the specific requirements of the device and the use environment to ensure the firmness and sealing of the connection. The design of the metal tube shell takes into account heat dissipation and mechanical strength to ensure the stable operation of the detector part in harsh environments.

[0067] Further, in this embodiment, the light source part also includes a light emitting diode power line, a front cover and a first 3D printed tubular fixing structure;

[0068] The LED power line is connected to the LED, the LED power line is used to transmit the power supply voltage input to the LED, and the front cover is used to fix the LED;

[0069] The first 3D printed tubular fixing structure is connected to the metal tube shell of the light source part, and the first 3D printed tubular fixing structure is used to fix the polarizer.

[0070] Specifically, in this embodiment, the light source part not only includes core components such as light-emitting diodes, polarizers and ball valves, but also adds auxiliary components such as light-emitting diode power lines, front covers and the first 3D printed tubular fixing structure to ensure the overall performance and stability of the light source part.

[0071] The LED power cable is a key component that connects the external power supply to the LED. It is usually made of highly conductive materials, such as copper or tinned copper, to ensure stable transmission of current. The LED power cable is responsible for transmitting the supply voltage provided by the external power supply to the LED, so that it can emit light stably and generate single-photon light source signals. By adjusting the size of the supply voltage, the luminous intensity and stability of the LED can be controlled to meet different application requirements. The LED power cable usually has an interface that matches the LED, such as pin type, patch type or threaded type, to ensure the firmness and reliability of the connection. The LED power cable passes through the hole in the center of the front cover, and the hole gap is filled with black sealant to ensure the sealing of the structure and the electromagnetic shielding effect. The length and diameter can be customized according to actual needs to adapt to different installation environments and power supply configurations.

[0072] The front cover is an important protective component of the light source part. It is usually made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant materials such as aluminum alloy or stainless steel. The front cover is used to fix the LED to prevent it from loosening or being damaged due to factors such as vibration or impact during operation. It can also provide a closed protective environment for the LED to prevent the intrusion of harmful substances such as external dust and moisture, thereby extending the service life of the LED. The front cover usually has fixing holes or slots that match the LED to ensure that the LED can be stably mounted on the front cover. The inner surface of the front cover may also be designed with heat dissipation structures, such as heat dissipation fins or heat dissipation holes, to improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the LED.

[0073] The first 3D printed tubular fixed structure is the fixed structure part of the light source part, which is manufactured using 3D printing technology and has the characteristics of high precision and customizability. The first 3D printed tubular fixed structure is used to fix the polarizer to ensure that it can maintain a stable position and angle during operation. Through 3D printing technology, the size and shape of the tubular fixed structure can be precisely controlled to adapt to different models of polarizers and installation environments. The first 3D printed tubular fixed structure usually has a fixing groove or buckle that matches the polarizer to ensure that the polarizer can be stably mounted on the tubular fixed structure. The inner wall of the tubular fixed structure may also be designed with an anti-slip structure, such as a protrusion or a groove, to improve the fixing stability of the polarizer.

[0074] Further, in this embodiment, the polarizer further comprises a front polarizer and a rear polarizer;

[0075] Wherein, the front polarizer is fixed on the front cover at a preset position away from the light-emitting diode, and the rear polarizer is fixed to the front end of the first 3D printed tubular fixing structure;

[0076] Different angles between the front polarizer and the rear polarizer correspond to different polarization states of the single-photon light source signal.

[0077] Specifically, in this embodiment, the polarizer is designed to include two independent parts, namely a front polarizer and a rear polarizer, which are respectively fixed at different positions and work together to regulate the polarization state of the single-photon light source signal.

[0078] The front polarizer is the first part of the polarizer assembly and is usually fixed on the front cover at a preset position away from the LED. This preset position is determined based on the light-emitting characteristics of the LED, the optical path design, and the polarization control requirements. Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the light source part of the portable single-photon light source transmitter device proposed in the embodiment of the present application. The main function of the front polarizer is to preliminarily adjust the polarization state of the single-photon light source signal. By setting a specific light transmission axis direction, the front polarizer only allows light signals parallel to the axis to pass through, thereby achieving preliminary screening of the polarization direction of the light signal. The front polarizer is usually made of polarizing materials with high light transmittance and high stability, such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film or potassium iodide (KI) crystal. These materials have good polarization properties and chemical stability, and can maintain a stable polarization effect in various environments. The shape and size of the front polarizer are usually matched with the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting diode to ensure that the light signal can pass through the polarizer evenly.

[0079] The rear polarizer is the second part of the polarizer assembly and is usually fixed at the front end of the first 3D printed tubular fixed structure, located behind the front polarizer. A certain distance is maintained between the rear polarizer and the front polarizer so that a certain optical path space is formed between the two. The main function of the rear polarizer is to further adjust the polarization state of the single-photon light source signal. By changing the angle between the transmission axis direction of the rear polarizer and the front polarizer, the polarization state of the light signal can be precisely controlled. This control capability is crucial for applications of light signals that require a specific polarization state. The material of the rear polarizer is the same or similar to that of the front polarizer to ensure consistency in polarization performance between the two. The shape and size of the rear polarizer are usually matched with the front polarizer to form a stable optical path between the two. Different angles between the front and rear polarizers correspond to different polarization states of the single-photon light source signal. By adjusting the angle between the two, continuous control of the polarization state of the light signal can be achieved. This control capability enables the device to flexibly adapt to different polarization requirements, thus playing an important role in various optical experiments.

[0080] Further, in this embodiment, the detector part also includes: a photomultiplier tube power line, a photomultiplier tube voltage divider and a photomultiplier tube signal line;

[0081] Wherein, the photomultiplier tube power line is connected to the photomultiplier tube, and the photomultiplier tube power line is used to transmit the power supply voltage input to the photomultiplier tube;

[0082] The photomultiplier tube voltage divider is connected to the photomultiplier tube, and the photomultiplier tube voltage divider divides the supply voltage input to the photomultiplier tube;

[0083] The photomultiplier tube signal line is connected to the photomultiplier tube, and the photomultiplier tube signal line is used to transmit the electrical signal output by the photomultiplier tube.

[0084] Specifically, in this embodiment, the detector part not only includes the core component of the photomultiplier tube, but also adds auxiliary components such as the photomultiplier tube power line, the photomultiplier tube voltage divider and the photomultiplier tube signal line to ensure the stable operation and signal transmission of the photomultiplier tube.

[0085] The photomultiplier tube power cord is a key component that connects the external power supply to the photomultiplier tube. It is usually made of highly conductive materials to ensure stable transmission of current. The photomultiplier tube power cord is responsible for transmitting the supply voltage provided by the external power supply to the photomultiplier tube, so that it can work stably and generate electrical signals. The stability and accuracy of the supply voltage have a direct impact on the performance of the photomultiplier tube, so the design and material selection of the power cord are crucial. The photomultiplier tube power cord usually has an interface that matches the photomultiplier tube, such as pin type, patch type or threaded type, to ensure the firmness and reliability of the connection. The length and diameter of the photomultiplier tube power cord can be customized according to actual needs to adapt to different installation environments and power supply configurations.

[0086] The photomultiplier tube voltage divider is a component directly connected to the photomultiplier tube, which is used to divide the supply voltage input to the photomultiplier tube. The main function of the photomultiplier tube voltage divider is to divide the externally provided higher voltage into multiple lower voltage levels to meet the voltage requirements of different cascade multipliers inside the photomultiplier tube. Through precise voltage division control, the gain performance and stability of the photomultiplier tube can be optimized, thereby improving the overall performance of the detector. The photomultiplier tube voltage divider is usually composed of multiple resistors, capacitors and other components, which are connected together according to a specific circuit structure to form a voltage divider circuit. The design and manufacture of the photomultiplier tube voltage divider needs to take into account factors such as the characteristics of the photomultiplier tube, the working environment, and the required gain performance.

[0087] The photomultiplier tube signal line is a key component that connects the photomultiplier tube to the subsequent signal processing circuit. The photomultiplier tube signal line is responsible for transmitting the electrical signals output by the photomultiplier tube. These signals are usually very weak current or voltage signals, representing information such as the intensity and frequency of the light signal. The transmission performance and stability of the signal line have a direct impact on the sensitivity and accuracy of the detector. The photomultiplier tube signal line is usually designed with low-noise, high-impedance matching coaxial cable or twisted pair to reduce attenuation and interference during signal transmission. The length and diameter of the signal line should be customized according to actual needs to adapt to different installation environments and signal processing requirements. Components such as the photomultiplier tube power line, photomultiplier tube voltage divider and photomultiplier tube signal line are connected to the photomultiplier tube to form a complete detector part. The connection method may include pin connection, welding or snap connection, depending on the structure and installation requirements of each component. At the same time, the fixation of these components in the detector part also needs to take into account factors such as stability and reliability to ensure that the detector can work stably for a long time.

[0088] Further, in this embodiment, the detector part further includes: a rear cover and a second 3D printed tubular fixing structure;

[0089] Wherein, the rear cover is connected to the second 3D printed tubular fixed structure, and the rear cover is used to protect the detector part and provide an outlet for the photomultiplier tube power line and the photomultiplier tube signal line;

[0090] The second 3D printed tubular fixing structure is connected to the metal tube shell of the detector part, and the second 3D printed tubular fixing structure is used to fix the photomultiplier tube.

[0091] Specifically, in this embodiment, the detector part not only includes the photomultiplier tube and its related components, but also adds auxiliary components such as a back cover and a second 3D printed tubular fixing structure to ensure the stability and reliability of the detector part.

[0092] The back cover is an important protective component of the detector part. It is usually connected to the second 3D printed tubular fixed structure to form the outer shell of the detector part. The main function of the back cover is to protect the components inside the detector part and prevent them from being disturbed and damaged by the external environment. The back cover also provides an outlet for the photomultiplier tube power line and the photomultiplier tube signal line, so that these cables can be easily connected to the external power supply and signal processing circuit. Through reasonable design, the back cover can also play a role in heat dissipation, helping the detector part to release heat and maintain a stable temperature during operation. The back cover is usually made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant materials such as aluminum alloy or stainless steel to ensure that it has good mechanical properties and durability. The shape and size of the back cover usually match the metal tube shell of the detector part to ensure that the two can be tightly connected together to form a complete shell. The back cover is usually designed with outlet holes or slots that match the photomultiplier tube power line and the photomultiplier tube signal line so that the cables can easily pass through and be fixed on the back cover.

[0093] The second 3D printed tubular fixing structure is another important component of the detector part. It is usually connected to the metal tube shell of the detector part and is used to fix the photomultiplier tube. The main function of the second 3D printed tubular fixing structure is to provide a stable and reliable support structure for fixing the photomultiplier tube to prevent it from loosening or being damaged due to factors such as vibration or impact during operation. Through 3D printing technology, the size and shape of the tubular fixing structure can be precisely controlled to adapt to different models of photomultiplier tubes and installation environments. The second 3D printed tubular fixing structure is usually made of high-precision and high-strength 3D printing materials, such as nylon, polylactic acid (PLA) or photosensitive resin. The inner wall of the second 3D printed tubular fixing structure can be designed with a fixing groove or buckle that matches the photomultiplier tube to ensure that the photomultiplier tube can be stably installed on the tubular fixing structure. Both ends of the second 3D printed tubular fixing structure are usually designed with connection interfaces that match the metal tube shell of the detector part, such as a threaded interface, a flange interface or a buckle interface, so as to be tightly connected to the metal tube shell. Reference Figure 3 , Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the portable single-photon light source transmitter device proposed in the embodiment of the present application. Among them, the corresponding identifiers of the portable single-photon light source transmitter device are respectively a light-emitting diode 1, a light-emitting diode power line 2, and polarizers (a front polarizer 3 and a rear polarizer 4); a first 3D printed tubular fixed structure 5, a front cover 6, a ball valve 7, a photomultiplier tube 9, a photomultiplier tube voltage divider 10, a photomultiplier tube power line and a signal line 11, a second 3D printed tubular fixed structure 12, a rear cover 13, a metal tube shell 8 of the light source part, and a metal tube shell 14 of the detector part.

[0094] It is particularly important to note that in the present embodiment, the back cover and the second 3D printed tubular fixing structure are connected to the metal tube shell of the detector part through a specific connection method. The connection method may include threaded connection, flange connection, welding or snap connection, etc., depending on the structure and installation requirements of each component. At the same time, the fixation of these components in the detector part also needs to take into account factors such as stability and reliability to ensure that the detector can work stably for a long time. The detector part further improves the stability and reliability of the detector part by introducing auxiliary components such as the back cover and the second 3D printed tubular fixing structure. This design not only protects the components inside the detector part from interference and damage from the external environment, but also provides a convenient outlet and a fixed support structure for the photomultiplier tube power line and the photomultiplier tube signal line.

[0095] Based on the first embodiment of the present application, in the second embodiment of the present application, the same or similar contents as those in the above-mentioned embodiment 1 can be referred to the above introduction and will not be repeated later. Figure 4The present invention provides a method for using a portable single-photon light source transmitter device, which is applied to the portable single-photon light source transmitter device, and includes the following steps S10 to S30:

[0096] Step S10, using the electrical signal output by the photomultiplier tube signal line to detect the output state of the single-photon light source signal;

[0097] Step S20, adjusting corresponding light source adjustment parameters according to the output state of the single-photon light source signal;

[0098] Step S30: outputting a stable single-photon light source signal according to the adjustment result of the light source adjustment parameter.

[0099] Specifically, in this embodiment, the method of use is applicable to the portable single-photon light source emitter device, and includes the steps of using the electrical signal output by the photomultiplier tube signal line to detect, adjust and finally output a stable single-photon light source signal.

[0100] Step S10, first ensure that the portable single-photon light source transmitter device is correctly connected, including key components such as the photomultiplier tube power cord, the photomultiplier tube voltage divider, and the photomultiplier tube signal line. Initialize the device, start the power supply, and check whether each component is working properly. After the photomultiplier tube receives the single-photon light source signal, it will convert it into a weak electrical signal. These electrical signals are transmitted to the signal processing circuit through the photomultiplier tube signal line. The signal processing circuit amplifies, filters, and digitizes the received electrical signals to extract the output state information of the single-photon light source signal. According to the processed electrical signal, it is judged whether the output state of the single-photon light source signal is stable, whether the intensity is appropriate, and whether there is noise interference.

[0101] Step S20, the adjustment process involves gradually changing the parameter value and observing its effect on the output state of the single-photon light source signal. During the adjustment process, the output state of the single-photon light source signal is continuously monitored by the electrical signal fed back by the photomultiplier tube signal line. According to the feedback results, iterative adjustments are made until the optimal parameter setting is found.

[0102] Step S30, after finding the best parameter settings, keep these parameters unchanged. At this point, the portable single-photon light source transmitter device will output a stable single-photon light source signal. The output single-photon light source signal is performance verified by measuring equipment such as an oscilloscope. Ensure that the signal's wavelength, intensity, pulse width and other parameters meet the design requirements. In practical applications, the portable single-photon light source transmitter device is regularly monitored and maintained for a long time. Discover and solve possible problems in a timely manner to ensure that the device can work stably for a long time. The method for using the portable single-photon light source transmitter device in this embodiment detects the output state of the single-photon light source signal by utilizing the electrical signal output by the photomultiplier tube signal line, and adjusts the corresponding light source adjustment parameters according to the detection results, and finally achieves the goal of stabilizing the output of the single-photon light source signal. This method not only improves the stability and reliability of the portable single-photon light source transmitter device, but also provides a solid foundation for subsequent optical experiments and applications.

[0103] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the step of detecting the output state of the single-photon light source signal using the electrical signal output by the photomultiplier tube signal line further includes:

[0104] The light emitting diode is powered by the light emitting diode power line, and the light emitting diode outputs an unstable single-photon light source signal;

[0105] The photomultiplier tube is powered by the photomultiplier tube power line, and the photomultiplier tube signal line is connected to the input end of an oscilloscope to observe the waveform of the electrical signal output by the photomultiplier tube signal line;

[0106] According to the waveform displayed on the oscilloscope, it is determined whether the output state of the single-photon light source signal corresponding to the electrical signal is stable.

[0107] Specifically, in this embodiment, it is deeply understood how to use the electrical signal output by the photomultiplier tube signal line to detect the output state of the single-photon light source signal. This step is the key to ensuring that the device can stably output high-quality single-photon light source signals.

[0108] In a portable single-photon light source transmitter device, the light-emitting diode is usually powered by a light-emitting diode power cord. The power cord converts the electrical energy provided by the external power supply into the driving current required by the light-emitting diode, thereby driving the light-emitting diode to emit light. However, due to factors such as the light-emitting diode manufacturing process, the working environment, and the driving current, the light signal output by the light-emitting diode may have certain instability. This instability may manifest as intensity fluctuations, wavelength drifts, and pulse width changes of the light signal.

[0109] PMT is a highly sensitive photoelectric device that can convert weak light signals into electrical signals. PMT contains multiple dynodes. When the light signal is irradiated to the photocathode of PMT, photoelectrons are excited. These photoelectrons are accelerated and collide between the dynodes to produce more secondary electrons, thereby amplifying the signal. In a portable single-photon light source emitter device, PMT is usually powered by a photomultiplier tube power cord. The voltage provided by the power cord is distributed to each dynode of PMT to ensure that PMT can work normally and output stable electrical signals. In order to observe the waveform of the electrical signal output by the PMT signal line, it is necessary to connect the PMT signal line to the input end of the oscilloscope. An oscilloscope is an instrument that can display the change of voltage or current over time in real time, and can intuitively understand the characteristics and stability of the electrical signal output by PMT. Before connecting the oscilloscope, it is necessary to ensure that the input impedance of the oscilloscope matches the output impedance of the PMT signal line to avoid signal reflection and distortion. At the same time, it is also necessary to set the parameters such as the range and sampling rate of the oscilloscope according to the amplitude and frequency range of the electrical signal output by PMT.

[0110] When the PMT receives the light signal output by the light-emitting diode, it converts it into an electrical signal and transmits it to the oscilloscope through the signal line. The oscilloscope converts the received electrical signal into a voltage waveform and displays it on the screen. By observing the waveform displayed on the oscilloscope, you can understand the amplitude, frequency, phase, and waveform shape of the electrical signal output by the PMT. This information is crucial for evaluating the stability and quality of the light signal output by the light-emitting diode. When evaluating the stability of the light signal output by the light-emitting diode, you need to pay attention to the stability of the waveform displayed on the oscilloscope. A stable waveform should have a constant amplitude, frequency, and phase, and the waveform shape should remain consistent. If the waveform displayed on the oscilloscope shows obvious fluctuations or changes, then this may mean that the light signal output by the light-emitting diode is unstable. At this time, it is also necessary to adjust the parameters such as the power supply voltage, working environment, and drive current of the light-emitting diode to improve the stability of the light signal. In addition to paying attention to the stability of the waveform, you also need to pay attention to whether there is noise in the waveform displayed on the oscilloscope. Noise usually appears as random fluctuations or glitches on the waveform, which may be caused by external interference, thermal noise or dark current inside the PMT. In order to reduce the impact of noise on waveform analysis, some measures can be taken to reduce the generation and propagation of noise. For example, low-noise power lines and signal lines can be used to reduce external interference; at the same time, the PMT can be preheated and shielded to reduce internal noise.

[0111] After completing the observation and analysis of the waveform on the oscilloscope, the waveform can be used to determine whether the output state of the single-photon light source signal is stable. If the waveform displayed on the oscilloscope has a constant amplitude, frequency and phase, and the waveform shape remains consistent, it can be considered that the light signal output by the light-emitting diode is stable. At this point, the portable single-photon light source transmitter device can output high-quality single-photon light source signals. If the waveform displayed on the oscilloscope shows obvious fluctuations or changes, it is necessary to adjust the power supply voltage, working environment and drive current of the light-emitting diode to improve the stability of the light signal. At the same time, it is also necessary to check whether the connection and settings of equipment such as PMT and oscilloscope are correct to ensure that they can work properly and accurately reflect the state of the light signal output by the light-emitting diode. In order to ensure that the portable single-photon light source transmitter device can work stably for a long time, it is necessary to regularly monitor and maintain the device for a long time. This includes checking the working status of key components such as light-emitting diodes and PMTs, adjusting parameters such as drive current and power supply voltage, and cleaning and maintaining equipment. Through long-term monitoring and maintenance, possible problems can be discovered and solved in a timely manner to ensure that the device can continuously output high-quality single-photon light source signals.

[0112] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the step of judging whether the output state of the single-photon light source signal corresponding to the electrical signal is stable according to the waveform displayed on the oscilloscope further includes:

[0113] When the waveform of the electrical signal on the oscilloscope appears a preset number of times and the signal amplitude is within a preset interval, it is determined that the single-photon light source signal output by the emitter device is in a stable output state.

[0114] Specifically, in this embodiment, it is crucial to ensure the output stability of the single-photon light source signal. To this end, it is necessary to observe and analyze the waveforms of the electrical signals output by the photomultiplier tube signal line using an oscilloscope to determine whether the output state of the single-photon light source signal is stable.

[0115] When the output signal appears about once every ten times (i.e., a single photon event), and the signal amplitude is stable within a certain range (such as about 20mV), it can be determined that the light source signal under the light source condition is a single photon signal. Make sure that all adjustment parameters are stable and no longer need fine-tuning. The stability and reliability of the single-photon light source can be verified by repeated experiments. At this point, the portable single-photon light source emitter device has successfully produced a stable single-photon light source. The detector part can be disassembled (if necessary), and the adjusted single-photon light source can be used as an independent part to provide a stable single-photon light source for experiments that require single-photon measurement. A well-adjusted single-photon light source has parameters such as the number of photon emissions, frequency, and wavelength that have been optimized according to experimental requirements. Therefore, when the experiment only requires a light source but not a detector, the detector part can be disassembled so that the single-photon light source can be used as an independent component to provide a light source for the experiment. By carefully observing and analyzing the waveform output by the photomultiplier tube signal line and adjusting the light source adjustment parameters accordingly, a stable single-photon light source can be successfully output. This process requires patient and meticulous experimental operations, as well as accurate judgment and analysis of the experimental results.

[0116] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the step of adjusting the corresponding light source adjustment parameter according to the output state of the single-photon light source signal further includes:

[0117] According to the output waveform corresponding to the single-photon light source signal, the voltage parameter of the light source part, the angle parameter between the front polarizer and the rear polarizer, and the opening and closing degree parameter of the ball valve are adjusted.

[0118] Specifically, in this embodiment, the signal line of the photomultiplier tube is connected to an oscilloscope or other signal observation device. The photomultiplier tube is powered to ensure that it is in normal working condition. The waveform of the electrical signal output by the photomultiplier tube is observed on the oscilloscope. According to the observed waveform of the photomultiplier tube signal, the light source adjustment parameters are adjusted to optimize the performance of the single-photon light source. The light source adjustment parameters mainly include the signal source voltage, the polarizer angle and the ball valve opening degree.

[0119] By changing the voltage of the light source, the intensity and luminous flux of the incident light can be adjusted. Observe the amplitude and frequency changes of the output signal on the oscilloscope. When the output signal appears once every ten times (i.e., a single photon event) and the signal amplitude is moderate (such as about 20mV), this voltage value is a more suitable signal source voltage. Gradually fine-tune the voltage value until the best signal source voltage is found. By rotating the front cover, the angle of the two polarizers can be adjusted to change the polarization state and the intensity of the incident light. Observe the waveform changes of the output signal and the fluctuations of the amplitude and frequency on the oscilloscope. By fine-tuning the angle of the polarizer, find the combination of polarizer angles that makes the signal waveform clearest and most stable. The intensity of the incident light can be further adjusted by adjusting the opening and closing of the ball valve. Observe the intensity changes of the output signal on the oscilloscope, and find the best opening and closing degree that makes the signal intensity moderate and the stability good by adjusting the opening and closing of the ball valve. After adjusting the light source adjustment parameters, observe the output signal on the oscilloscope again.

[0120] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent processing scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A portable single-photon light source emitter device, characterized in that: The device comprises a light source part, a detector part and a device housing part; the light source part comprises a light emitting diode, a polarizing plate and a ball valve; the detector part comprises a photomultiplier tube; Wherein, the light emitting diode is used to realize the generation of single photon light source signal; The polarizer is connected to the ball valve, and is used to receive the single-photon light source signal and adjust the polarization state of the single-photon light source signal; The ball valve is connected to the photomultiplier tube, and the ball valve is used to receive the single-photon light source signal after the polarization state is adjusted, and adjust the light intensity of the single-photon light source signal; The photomultiplier tube is used to receive the single-photon light source signal after the light intensity is adjusted, and convert the single-photon light source signal into a corresponding electrical signal.

2. The portable single-photon light source emitter device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device housing also includes a metal tube shell of the light source part and a metal tube shell of the detector part; The metal tube shell of the light source is connected to the metal tube shell of the detector, and the metal tube shell of the light source part is used to protect the light source part and prevent the single-photon light source signal from being interfered by the outside world; The metal tube shell of the detector part is used to protect the detector part and perform electromagnetic shielding for the detector part.

3. The portable single-photon light source emitter device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The light source part also includes a light emitting diode power line, a front cover and a first 3D printed tubular fixing structure; The LED power line is connected to the LED, the LED power line is used to transmit the power supply voltage input to the LED, and the front cover is used to fix the LED; The first 3D printed tubular fixing structure is connected to the metal tube shell of the light source part, and the first 3D printed tubular fixing structure is used to fix the polarizer.

4. The portable single-photon light source emitter device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The polarizer also includes a front polarizer and a rear polarizer; Wherein, the front polarizer is fixed on the front cover at a preset position away from the light-emitting diode, and the rear polarizer is fixed to the front end of the first 3D printed tubular fixing structure; Different angles between the front polarizer and the rear polarizer correspond to different polarization states of the single-photon light source signal.

5. The portable single-photon light source emitter device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The detector part also includes: a photomultiplier tube power line, a photomultiplier tube voltage divider and a photomultiplier tube signal line; Wherein, the photomultiplier tube power line is connected to the photomultiplier tube, and the photomultiplier tube power line is used to transmit the power supply voltage input to the photomultiplier tube; The photomultiplier tube voltage divider is connected to the photomultiplier tube, and the photomultiplier tube voltage divider divides the supply voltage input to the photomultiplier tube; The photomultiplier tube signal line is connected to the photomultiplier tube, and the photomultiplier tube signal line is used to transmit the electrical signal output by the photomultiplier tube.

6. The portable single-photon light source emitter device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The detector part also includes: a rear cover and a second 3D printed tubular fixing structure; Wherein, the rear cover is connected to the second 3D printed tubular fixed structure, and the rear cover is used to protect the detector part and provide an outlet for the photomultiplier tube power line and the photomultiplier tube signal line; The second 3D printed tubular fixing structure is connected to the metal tube shell of the detector part, and the second 3D printed tubular fixing structure is used to fix the photomultiplier tube.

7. A method for using a portable single-photon light source emitter device, characterized in that: The method is applied to the portable single-photon light source emitter device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and the method comprises the following steps: Detecting the output state of the single-photon light source signal using the electrical signal output by the photomultiplier tube signal line; According to the output state of the single-photon light source signal, adjusting the corresponding light source adjustment parameter; According to the adjustment result of the light source adjustment parameter, a stable single-photon light source signal is output.

8. The method of use according to claim 7, characterized in that: The step of detecting the output state of the single-photon light source signal by using the electrical signal output by the photomultiplier tube signal line further includes: The light emitting diode is powered by the light emitting diode power line, and the light emitting diode outputs an unstable single-photon light source signal; The photomultiplier tube is powered by the photomultiplier tube power line, and the photomultiplier tube signal line is connected to the input end of an oscilloscope to observe the waveform of the electrical signal output by the photomultiplier tube signal line; According to the waveform displayed on the oscilloscope, it is determined whether the output state of the single-photon light source signal corresponding to the electrical signal is stable.

9. The method of use according to claim 8, characterized in that: The step of judging whether the output state of the single-photon light source signal corresponding to the electrical signal is stable according to the waveform displayed on the oscilloscope further includes: When the waveform of the electrical signal on the oscilloscope appears a preset number of times and the signal amplitude is within a preset interval, it is determined that the single-photon light source signal output by the emitter device is in a stable output state.

10. The method of use according to claim 9, characterized in that: The step of adjusting the corresponding light source adjustment parameters according to the output state of the single-photon light source signal also includes: According to the output waveform corresponding to the single-photon light source signal, the voltage parameter of the light source part, the angle parameter between the front polarizer and the rear polarizer, and the opening and closing degree parameter of the ball valve are adjusted.

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