Pixel unit, pixel reading circuit, image sensor and electronic equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a pixel unit, a pixel reading circuit, an image sensor and electronic equipment, and the pixel unit comprises a first photosensitive pixel, a second photosensitive pixel, a third photosensitive pixel and a fourth photosensitive pixel which are distributed in an array, and a micro lens covering the four photosensitive pixels. Each first photosensitive pixel comprises a blue photosensitive layer, a green photosensitive layer and a red photosensitive layer which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom and are electrically isolated from one another; the second photosensitive pixel comprises a blue photosensitive layer and a green photosensitive layer which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom and are electrically isolated from each other; the third photosensitive pixel comprises a green photosensitive layer and a red photosensitive layer which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom and are electrically isolated from each other; the fourth photosensitive pixel comprises a blue photosensitive layer, a green photosensitive layer and a red photosensitive layer which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom and are electrically isolated from one another; and the photosensitive layers with the same color in different photosensitive pixels are positioned on the same layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of camera equipment, and specifically relates to a pixel unit, a pixel reading circuit, an image sensor and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] In the related art, a pixel is usually composed of a photodiode and a color filter above. In this pixel structure, light of a specific wavelength band can pass through the color filter and be converted into an electrical signal by the photodiode below the color filter, and then converted into electrical signal data of the color channel corresponding to the color filter. In this pixel structure, under a single exposure, each pixel can only generate electrical signal data of the color channel corresponding to its color filter, so that for any scene, only a specific image defined by the pixel filter array can be obtained. For example, if the pixel structure in the camera is the above-mentioned pixel structure, and the pixel filter array is a Bayer array, the camera shoots any scene, and the image obtained by a single exposure is a Bayer image. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present application aims to provide a pixel unit, a pixel reading circuit, an image sensor and an electronic device, which can obtain at least one of a full-resolution G channel image, a full-resolution Bayer image, a full-resolution CMY image and a full-resolution four-in-one mode image through a single exposure, so as to facilitate the adaptive acquisition of different images for different scenes.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a pixel unit, including: a first photosensitive pixel, a second photosensitive pixel, a third photosensitive pixel, and a fourth photosensitive pixel distributed in an array, and also including a microlens; The first photosensitive pixel comprises: a blue photosensitive layer, a green photosensitive layer and a red photosensitive layer which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom and electrically isolated from each other; The second photosensitive pixel comprises: a blue photosensitive layer and a green photosensitive layer stacked in sequence from top to bottom and electrically isolated from each other; The third photosensitive pixel comprises: a green photosensitive layer and a red photosensitive layer stacked in sequence from top to bottom and electrically isolated from each other; The fourth photosensitive pixel comprises: a blue photosensitive layer, a green photosensitive layer and a red photosensitive layer which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom and electrically isolated from each other; The microlens covers the first photosensitive pixel, the second photosensitive pixel, the third photosensitive pixel and the fourth photosensitive pixel; Among them, the photosensitive layers of the same color in different photosensitive pixels are located in the same layer.

[0005] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a pixel reading circuit for controlling and reading the above-mentioned pixel unit, wherein the pixel reading circuit comprises: A first control module, used for controlling the photogenerated charges of the green photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel and the photogenerated charges of the blue photosensitive layer and the red photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel to be transferred to a first voltage reading module of the pixel reading circuit; A second control module, used for controlling the photogenerated charges of the green photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel and the photogenerated charges of the blue photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel to be transferred to the first voltage reading module; A third control module, used for controlling the photogenerated charges of the green photosensitive layer of the third photosensitive pixel and the photogenerated charges of the red photosensitive layer of the third photosensitive pixel to be transferred to the second voltage reading module of the pixel reading circuit; The fourth control module is used to control the photogenerated charges of the green photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel and the photogenerated charges of the blue photosensitive layer and the red photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel to be transferred to the second voltage reading module.

[0006] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an image sensor, comprising: the above-mentioned pixel unit and the above-mentioned pixel reading circuit; wherein the pixel reading circuit is connected to the pixel unit.

[0007] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a camera, comprising: the above-mentioned image sensor.

[0008] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including: the above-mentioned camera.

[0009] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a pixel reading method, which is performed by the above-mentioned pixel reading circuit, and the method includes: Before exposure, the pixel reading circuit clears all residual photogenerated charges in the first photosensitive pixel, the second photosensitive pixel, the third photosensitive pixel, the fourth photosensitive pixel and the first voltage reading module and the second voltage reading module; After the exposure is completed, the pixel reading circuit controls the photogenerated charges of at least one photosensitive layer of each of the first photosensitive pixel and the second photosensitive pixel to be transferred to the first voltage reading module, and controls the photogenerated charges of at least one photosensitive layer of each of the third photosensitive pixel and the fourth photosensitive pixel to be transferred to the second voltage reading module, so as to read the voltage signal value of at least one photosensitive layer of each of the first photosensitive pixel, the second photosensitive pixel, the third photosensitive pixel and the fourth photosensitive pixel.

[0010] The pixel unit of the embodiment of the present application eliminates the color filter, and is provided with four photosensitive pixels and a microlens covering the four photosensitive pixels. A plurality of photosensitive layers of different colors are provided for each photosensitive pixel. In a single exposure, the multiple color photosensitive layers of each photosensitive pixel can generate electrical signal data of multiple color channels. Based on the pixel unit of the embodiment of the present application, at least one of a full-resolution G channel image, a full-resolution Bayer image, a full-resolution CMY image, and a full-resolution four-in-one mode image can be obtained through a single exposure, which is convenient for adaptively acquiring different images for different scenes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pixel unit in some embodiments of the present application; Figure 2A Based on a single Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the G channel image obtained by the pixel unit shown; Figure 2B It is based on multiple Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a full-resolution G channel image obtained by a pixel unit as shown; Figure 3A Based on a single Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the Bayer image obtained by the pixel unit shown; Figure 3B It is based on multiple Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a full-resolution Bayer image obtained by a pixel unit shown; Figure 4A Based on a single Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a CMY image obtained by the pixel unit shown; Figure 4B It is based on multiple Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a full-resolution CMY image obtained by the pixel unit shown; Figure 5A Based on a single Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a four-in-one mode image obtained by a pixel unit shown; Figure 5B It is based on multiple Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a full-resolution four-in-one mode image obtained by a pixel unit as shown; Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a pixel unit in some embodiments of the present application; Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a pixel reading circuit in some embodiments of the present application; Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a pixel reading circuit in some embodiments of the present application; Fig. 9is a schematic structural diagram of a pixel reading circuit in some embodiments of the present application; Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of the relative positions of the pixel reading circuit and the pixel unit in some embodiments of the present application; Fig.11 is a flowchart of a pixel reading method according to some embodiments of the present application; Fig.12 is a flowchart of a pixel reading method according to some embodiments of the present application; Fig.13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an image sensor according to some embodiments of the present application.

[0012] Reference numerals: 100-pixel unit; 110-first photosensitive pixel; 111-blue photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel; 112-green photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel; 113-red photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel; 120-second photosensitive pixel; 121-blue photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel; 122-green photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel; 130-third photosensitive pixel; 132-green photosensitive layer of the third photosensitive pixel; 133-red photosensitive layer of the third photosensitive pixel; 140-fourth photosensitive pixel; 141-fourth photosensitive pixel - blue photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel; 142 - green photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel; 143 - red photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel; 150 - microlens; 200 - pixel reading circuit; 211 - third switch; 212 - first switch; 213 - second switch; 214 - fourth switch; 215 - first floating diffusion capacitor; 216 - first reset switch; 221 - seventh switch; 222 - fifth switch; 223 - sixth switch; 224 - eighth switch, 225 - second floating diffusion capacitor; 226 - second reset switch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limitations on the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0014] The term "first" or "second" in the specification and claims of this application may include one or more of the features explicitly or implicitly. In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more. In addition, "and / or" in the specification and claims means at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally means that the objects connected before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0015] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0016] An embodiment of the present application provides a pixel unit. Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the pixel unit of some embodiments of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments of the present application, the pixel unit 100 includes: a first photosensitive pixel 110, a second photosensitive pixel 120, a third photosensitive pixel 130 and a fourth photosensitive pixel 140 distributed in an array, and also includes a microlens 150.

[0017] The first photosensitive pixel 110 includes: a blue photosensitive layer 111, a green photosensitive layer 112 and a red photosensitive layer 113 which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom and electrically isolated from each other; The second photosensitive pixel 120 includes: a blue photosensitive layer 121 and a green photosensitive layer 122 which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom and electrically isolated from each other; The third photosensitive pixel 130 includes: a green photosensitive layer 132 and a red photosensitive layer 133 which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom and electrically isolated from each other; The fourth photosensitive pixel 140 includes: a blue photosensitive layer 141, a green photosensitive layer 142 and a red photosensitive layer 143 which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom and electrically isolated from each other; A microlens 150 , covering the first photosensitive pixel 110 , the second photosensitive pixel 120 , the third photosensitive pixel 130 , and the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 ; Among them, the photosensitive layers of the same color in different photosensitive pixels are located in the same layer.

[0018] The pixel unit 100 of the embodiment of the present application cancels the color filter, sets four photosensitive pixels and micro lenses covering the four photosensitive pixels, sets multiple photosensitive layers of different colors for each photosensitive pixel, and in a single exposure, the multiple color photosensitive layers of each photosensitive pixel can generate electrical signal data of multiple color channels. Based on the pixel unit of the embodiment of the present application, at least one of the full-resolution G channel image, full-resolution Bayer image, full-resolution CMY image, and full-resolution four-in-one mode image can be obtained through a single exposure, which is convenient for adaptively obtaining different images for different scenes. .

[0019] Specifically, the microlens 150 is used to introduce incident light into each photosensitive pixel. The first photosensitive pixel 110 can be located in the first row and the first column; the second photosensitive pixel 120 can be located in the first row and the second column; the third photosensitive pixel 130 can be located in the second row and the first column; the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 can be located in the second row and the second column. Each photosensitive layer of each photosensitive pixel is used to absorb incident light of a corresponding color to generate photogenerated charges. The blue photosensitive layer is used to sense the blue spectral component in the incident light to generate photogenerated charges. The green photosensitive layer is used to sense the green spectral component in the incident light to generate photogenerated charges. The red photosensitive layer is used to sense the red spectral component in the incident light to generate photogenerated charges.

[0020] The blue photosensitive layer, green photosensitive layer, and red photosensitive layer are stacked from top to bottom. "Top" refers to the direction where the microlens and the like are located, and "bottom" refers to the direction of the substrate and the like. In other words, in each photosensitive pixel, light enters from the blue photosensitive layer, passes through the green photosensitive layer, and finally enters the red photosensitive layer.

[0021] In each photosensitive pixel, adjacent photosensitive layers are electrically isolated from each other. Moreover, the wavelength of the blue spectral component is shorter than the wavelength of the green spectral component, and the wavelength of the green spectral component is shorter than the wavelength of the red spectral component. Stacking the blue photosensitive layer, the green photosensitive layer, and the red photosensitive layer in order from short to long wavelengths from top to bottom can make the blue photosensitive layer, the green photosensitive layer, and the red photosensitive layer absorb the blue spectral component, the green spectral component, and the red spectral component of the incident light in turn to generate photogenerated charges when light is incident. The photogenerated charges generated by the corresponding color photosensitive layer can be converted into electrical signals of the corresponding color channels. Thus, through a single exposure, electrical signal data of multiple color channels can be obtained for each photosensitive pixel.

[0022] Based on the electrical signal data of at least one color channel of each photosensitive pixel, at least one of a full-resolution G channel image, a full-resolution Bayer image, a full-resolution CMY image, and a full-resolution four-in-one mode image can be generated, which is convenient for adaptively acquiring different images for different scenes.

[0023] As an example, in one exposure, the incident light passes through the microlens 150 and is divided into four beams that enter the first photosensitive pixel 110, the second photosensitive pixel 120, the third photosensitive pixel 130, and the fourth photosensitive pixel 140. The green photosensitive layer 112 of the first photosensitive pixel 110 absorbs green light to generate photogenerated charges, the green photosensitive layer 122 of the second photosensitive pixel 120 absorbs green light to generate photogenerated charges, the green photosensitive layer 132 of the third photosensitive pixel 130 absorbs green light to generate photogenerated charges, and the green photosensitive layer 143 of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 absorbs green light to generate photogenerated charges.

[0024] After one exposure, the photogenerated charge generated by the green photosensitive layer 112 of the first photosensitive pixel 110 can be converted into a voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel 110. The photogenerated charge generated by the green photosensitive layer 122 of the second photosensitive pixel 120 can be converted into a voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel 120. The photogenerated charge generated by the green photosensitive layer 132 of the third photosensitive pixel 130 can be converted into a voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the third photosensitive pixel 130. The photogenerated charge generated by the green photosensitive layer 142 of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 can be converted into a voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel 130.

[0025] The voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of each photosensitive pixel is the analog voltage signal value of the green channel of each photosensitive pixel. The voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel 110 is the voltage signal value of the green channel of the first photosensitive pixel 110. The voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel 120 is the voltage signal value of the green channel of the second photosensitive pixel 120. The voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the third photosensitive pixel 130 is the voltage signal value of the green channel of the third photosensitive pixel 130. The voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 is the voltage signal value of the green channel of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140.

[0026] Based on the voltage signal value of the green channel of the first photosensitive pixel 110, the voltage signal value of the green channel of the second photosensitive pixel 120, the voltage signal value of the green channel of the third photosensitive pixel 130, and the voltage signal value of the green channel of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140, it is possible to generate the following Figure 2A The G (green) channel image shown in FIG. 1 , wherein G1 represents the voltage signal value of the green channel of the first photosensitive pixel 110 , G2 represents the voltage signal value of the green channel of the second photosensitive pixel 120 , G3 represents the voltage signal value of the green channel of the third photosensitive pixel 130 , and G4 represents the voltage signal value of the green channel of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 .

[0027] Figure 2A The image shown is a G channel image of a single pixel unit 100. Based on each pixel unit 100 in the plurality of pixel units 100, Figure 2A The G channel image shown can generate a full-resolution G (green) channel image, such as Figure 2B The full-resolution G channel image can be used for "cross" or double "cross" phase focus (Phase Detection AutoFocus, referred to as PDAF) to improve the accuracy of phase focus.

[0028] Among them, phase focusing is a technology that determines the current focal position based on the phase difference of light and then performs focusing. In the pixel unit 100, after the incident light passes through the microlens 150, it is divided into four beams and enters the first photosensitive pixel 110, the second photosensitive pixel 120, the third photosensitive pixel 130, and the fourth photosensitive pixel 140. The green photosensitive layers of the first photosensitive pixel 110, the second photosensitive pixel 120, the third photosensitive pixel 130, and the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 are in the same plane. Therefore, the voltage signal value of the green channel of the first photosensitive pixel 110, the second photosensitive pixel 120, the third photosensitive pixel 130, and the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 can calculate the phase difference in the "cross" or double "cross" direction used for phase focusing.

[0029] For example, based on Figure 2A A horizontal phase difference can be calculated based on the voltage signal value G1 of the green channel of the first photosensitive pixel 110 and the voltage signal value G2 of the green channel of the second photosensitive pixel 120. Figure 2A Another horizontal phase difference can be calculated based on the voltage signal value G3 of the green channel of the third photosensitive pixel 130 and the voltage signal value G4 of the green channel of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140. Figure 2A A vertical phase difference can be calculated based on the voltage signal value G1 of the green channel of the first photosensitive pixel 110 and the voltage signal value G3 of the green channel of the third photosensitive pixel 130. Figure 2A Another vertical phase difference can be calculated based on the voltage signal value G2 of the green channel of the second photosensitive pixel 120 and the voltage signal value G4 of the green channel of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140. Figure 2A Based on the voltage signal value G1 of the green channel of the first photosensitive pixel 110 and the voltage signal value G4 of the green channel of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140, an oblique phase difference can be calculated. Figure 2A Another oblique phase difference can be calculated by using the voltage signal value G2 of the green channel of the second photosensitive pixel 120 and the voltage signal value G3 of the green channel of the third photosensitive pixel 130. Based on the phase differences in the above directions, the phase difference in the "cross" direction or the phase difference in the double "cross" direction (i.e., "M") can be obtained, and the "cross" or double "cross" phase focusing can be performed to make the phase focusing more accurate.

[0030] It can be seen from the above that, based on the pixel unit 100 according to the embodiment of the present application, a full-resolution G channel image can be obtained for phase focusing, thereby improving the accuracy of phase focusing.

[0031] As another example, in one exposure, the incident light passes through the microlens 150 and is divided into four beams that enter the first photosensitive pixel 110, the second photosensitive pixel 120, the third photosensitive pixel 130, and the fourth photosensitive pixel 140. The green photosensitive layer 112 of the first photosensitive pixel 110 absorbs green light to generate photogenerated charges, the blue photosensitive layer 121 of the second photosensitive pixel 120 absorbs blue light to generate photogenerated charges, the red photosensitive layer 133 of the third photosensitive pixel 130 absorbs red light to generate photogenerated charges, and the green photosensitive layer 142 of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 absorbs green light to generate photogenerated charges.

[0032] After one exposure, the photogenerated charge generated by the green photosensitive layer 112 of the first photosensitive pixel 110 can be converted into a voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel 110. The photogenerated charge generated by the blue photosensitive layer 121 of the second photosensitive pixel 120 can be converted into a voltage signal value of the blue photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel 120. The photogenerated charge generated by the red photosensitive layer 133 of the third photosensitive pixel 130 can be converted into a voltage signal value of the red photosensitive layer of the third photosensitive pixel 130. The photogenerated charge generated by the green photosensitive layer 142 of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 can be converted into a voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel 130.

[0033] The voltage signal value of each color photosensitive layer of each photosensitive pixel is the analog voltage signal value of the corresponding color channel of each photosensitive pixel. The voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel 110 is the voltage signal value of the green channel of the first photosensitive pixel 110. The voltage signal value of the blue photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel 120 is the voltage signal value of the blue channel of the second photosensitive pixel 120. The voltage signal value of the red photosensitive layer of the third photosensitive pixel 130 is the voltage signal value of the red channel of the third photosensitive pixel 130. The voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 is the voltage signal value of the green channel of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140.

[0034] Based on the voltage signal value of the green channel of the first photosensitive pixel 110, the voltage signal value of the blue channel of the second photosensitive pixel 120, the voltage signal value of the red channel of the third photosensitive pixel 130, and the voltage signal value of the green channel of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140, the following can be generated: Figure 3AThe Bayer image shown in FIG. 1 shows a voltage signal value of a green channel of the first photosensitive pixel 110 , B2 shows a voltage signal value of a blue channel of the second photosensitive pixel 120 , R3 shows a voltage signal value of a red channel of the third photosensitive pixel 130 , and G4 shows a voltage signal value of a green channel of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 .

[0035] Figure 3A The image shown is a Bayer image of a single pixel unit 100. Figure 3A The Bayer image shown can generate a full-resolution Bayer image, such as Figure 3B The full-resolution Bayer image has the largest number of pixels, but its photosensitivity is weak. It can be used to obtain full-resolution Bayer images for high-light scenes such as outdoor scenes, thus improving the shooting clarity of high-brightness scenes such as outdoor scenes.

[0036] It can be seen from the above that based on the pixel unit 100 of the embodiment of the present application, a full-resolution Bayer image can be obtained for a high-brightness scene, thereby improving the shooting clarity of the image of the high-brightness scene.

[0037] As another example, in one exposure, the incident light passes through the microlens 150 and is divided into four beams that enter the first photosensitive pixel 110, the second photosensitive pixel 120, the third photosensitive pixel 130, and the fourth photosensitive pixel 140. The blue photosensitive layer 111 of the first photosensitive pixel 110 absorbs blue light to generate photogenerated charges, and the red photosensitive layer 113 absorbs red light to generate photogenerated charges. The blue photosensitive layer 121 of the second photosensitive pixel 120 absorbs blue light to generate photogenerated charges, and the green photosensitive layer 122 absorbs green light to generate photogenerated charges. The green photosensitive layer 132 of the third photosensitive pixel 130 absorbs green light to generate photogenerated charges, and the red photosensitive layer 133 absorbs red light to generate photogenerated charges. The blue photosensitive layer 141 of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 absorbs blue light to generate photogenerated charges, and the red photosensitive layer 143 absorbs red light to generate photogenerated charges.

[0038] After one exposure, the photogenerated charges of the blue photosensitive layer 111 and the photogenerated charges of the red photosensitive layer 113 of the first photosensitive pixel 110 can be converted into a voltage signal value of the magenta channel of the first photosensitive pixel 110. The photogenerated charges of the blue photosensitive layer 121 and the photogenerated charges of the green photosensitive layer 122 of the second photosensitive pixel 120 can be converted into a voltage signal value of the cyan channel of the second photosensitive pixel 120. The photogenerated charges of the green photosensitive layer 132 and the photogenerated charges of the red photosensitive layer 133 of the third photosensitive pixel 130 can be converted into a voltage signal value of the yellow channel of the third photosensitive pixel 130. The photogenerated charges of the blue photosensitive layer 141 and the photogenerated charges of the red photosensitive layer 143 of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 can be converted into a voltage signal value of the magenta channel of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140.

[0039] Based on the voltage signal value of the magenta channel of the first photosensitive pixel 110, the voltage signal value of the cyan channel of the second photosensitive pixel 120, the voltage signal value of the yellow channel of the third photosensitive pixel 130, and the voltage signal value of the magenta channel of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140, it is possible to generate the following Figure 4A The CMY image shown in FIG. 1 shows a voltage signal value of the magenta channel of the first photosensitive pixel 110 , C2 shows a voltage signal value of the cyan channel of the second photosensitive pixel 120 , Y3 shows a voltage signal value of the yellow channel of the third photosensitive pixel 130 , and M4 shows a voltage signal value of the magenta channel of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 .

[0040] Figure 4A The CMY image shown is a CMY image of a single pixel unit. Figure 4A The CMY image shown can generate a full-resolution CMY image, such as Figure 4B As shown in the figure, the full-resolution CMY image has a strong color perception ability. The full-resolution CMY image can be obtained for complex color scenes, and the color reproduction of the image of the complex color scene can be improved.

[0041] It can be seen from the above that based on the pixel unit 100 of the embodiment of the present application, a full-resolution CMY image can be obtained for complex color scenes, thereby improving the color reproduction of images of complex color scenes.

[0042] As another example, in one exposure, the incident light passes through the microlens 150 and is divided into four beams that enter the first photosensitive pixel 110, the second photosensitive pixel 120, the third photosensitive pixel 130, and the fourth photosensitive pixel 140. The blue photosensitive layer 111 of the first photosensitive pixel 110 absorbs blue light to generate photogenerated charges, the green photosensitive layer 112 absorbs green light to generate photogenerated charges, and the red photosensitive layer 113 absorbs red light to generate photogenerated charges. The blue photosensitive layer 121 of the second photosensitive pixel 120 absorbs blue light to generate photogenerated charges, and the green photosensitive layer 122 absorbs green light to generate photogenerated charges. The green photosensitive layer 132 of the third photosensitive pixel 130 absorbs green light to generate photogenerated charges, and the red photosensitive layer 133 absorbs red light to generate photogenerated charges. The blue photosensitive layer 141 of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 absorbs blue light to generate photogenerated charges, the green photosensitive layer 142 absorbs green light to generate photogenerated charges, and the red photosensitive layer 143 absorbs red light to generate photogenerated charges.

[0043] The photogenerated charges of the blue photosensitive layer 111 of the first photosensitive pixel 110, the photogenerated charges of the blue photosensitive layer 121 of the second photosensitive pixel 120, and the photogenerated charges of the blue photosensitive layer 141 of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 can be converted into a voltage signal value of the blue channel of the pixel unit 100. The photogenerated charges of the green photosensitive layer 112 of the first photosensitive pixel 110, the photogenerated charges of the green photosensitive layer 122 of the second photosensitive pixel 120, the photogenerated charges of the third photosensitive pixel 132, and the photogenerated charges of the green photosensitive layer 142 of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 can be converted into a voltage signal value of the green channel of the pixel unit 100. The photogenerated charges of the red photosensitive layer 113 of the first photosensitive pixel 110, the photogenerated charges of the red photosensitive layer 133 of the third photosensitive pixel 130, and the photogenerated charges of the red photosensitive layer 143 of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 can be converted into a voltage signal value of the red channel of the pixel unit 100, thereby obtaining the following: Figure 5A The four-in-one mode image shown. Among them, Figure 5A In , R represents the voltage signal value of the red channel of the pixel unit 100 , G represents the voltage signal value of the green channel of the pixel unit 100 , and B represents the voltage signal value of the blue channel of the pixel unit 100 .

[0044] Figure 5A The four-in-one mode image shown is an image of a single pixel unit 100. Since the voltage signal value of any channel among the blue channel, green channel, and red channel of the pixel unit 100 can be obtained, based on each pixel unit 100 in the plurality of pixel units 100, Figure 5A The four-in-one mode image shown in FIG. 1 can obtain a full-resolution four-in-one mode image, such as Figure 5B The full-resolution four-in-one mode has higher image brightness and better clarity. It can be used to obtain low-brightness scenes such as city night scenes. Figure 5B The full-resolution four-in-one mode image shown above is used to improve the brightness and clarity of images in low-brightness scenes such as city night scenes.

[0045] From the above, it can be seen that based on the pixel unit 100 of the embodiment of the present application, a full-resolution four-in-one mode image can be obtained for low-brightness scenes such as city night scenes, thereby improving the brightness and clarity of images of low-brightness scenes such as city night scenes.

[0046] As can be seen from the above examples, the pixel unit 100 based on the embodiment of the present application can obtain at least one of a full-resolution G channel image, a full-resolution Bayer image, a full-resolution CMY image, and a full-resolution four-in-one mode image through a single exposure, which is convenient for adaptively acquiring different images for different scenes.

[0047] In a specific implementation, in the pixel unit 100, the blue photosensitive layer, the green photosensitive layer, and the red photosensitive layer of each photosensitive pixel are specifically photodiodes (PDs) that can sense light of corresponding colors. The blue photosensitive layer can be a photodiode for sensing photogenerated charges generated by blue light. The green photosensitive layer can be a photodiode for sensing photogenerated charges generated by green light. The red photosensitive layer can be a photodiode for sensing photogenerated charges generated by red light.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present application, the blue photosensitive layer, green photosensitive layer, and red photosensitive layer of each photosensitive pixel can be made based on a semiconductor that can sense the corresponding color light. The thickness of the blue photosensitive layer, green photosensitive layer, and red photosensitive layer can be determined based on the color light sensed by each. The blue photosensitive layer of each photosensitive pixel is used to sense blue light, and its thickness range can be: 0.8um~1.2um. The green photosensitive layer of each photosensitive pixel is used to sense green light, and its thickness range can be: 1.1um~2.3um. The red photosensitive layer of each photosensitive pixel is used to sense red light, and its thickness range can be: 2.8um~4.3um.

[0049] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of pixel units in some embodiments of the present application. Figure 6 The pixel unit 100 is shown with Figure 1 The structure of the pixel unit 100 shown is similar, except that: Figure 6 In the pixel unit 100 shown, the blue photosensitive layer 111 of the first photosensitive pixel 110 is electrically connected to the red photosensitive layer 113 , and the blue photosensitive layer 141 of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 is electrically connected to the red photosensitive layer 143 .

[0050] By electrically connecting the blue photosensitive layer 111 of the first photosensitive pixel 110 with the red photosensitive layer 113, and electrically connecting the blue photosensitive layer 141 of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 with the red photosensitive layer 143, the photogenerated charges of the blue photosensitive layer 111 and the red photosensitive layer 113 of the first photosensitive pixel 110 can be converted into voltage signal values ​​for reading, and the photogenerated charges of the blue photosensitive layer 141 and the red photosensitive layer 143 in the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 can be converted into voltage signal values ​​for reading. Therefore, for each photosensitive pixel, only two readings are required, namely, reading the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer and reading the voltage signal values ​​of photosensitive layers other than the green photosensitive layer. The above-mentioned multiple images can be obtained with fewer readings, thereby shortening the time for image generation and improving the efficiency of image generation.

[0051] An embodiment of the present application also provides a pixel reading circuit. Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a pixel reading circuit of some embodiments of the present application. Figure 7The pixel reading circuit 200 shown is used to control and read the pixel unit 100 of the above-mentioned embodiment. Figure 7 As shown, the pixel reading circuit 200 includes: A first control module 210, for controlling the photogenerated charges of the green photosensitive layer 112 of the first photosensitive pixel 110 and the photogenerated charges of the blue photosensitive layer 111 and the red photosensitive layer 113 of the first photosensitive pixel 110 to be transferred to a first voltage reading module of the pixel reading circuit 200; The second control module 220 is used to control the photogenerated charges of the green photosensitive layer 122 of the second photosensitive pixel 120 and the photogenerated charges of the blue photosensitive layer 121 of the second photosensitive pixel 120 to be transferred to the first voltage reading module; A third control module 230, for controlling the photogenerated charges of the green photosensitive layer 132 of the third photosensitive pixel 130 and the photogenerated charges of the red photosensitive layer 133 of the third photosensitive pixel 130 to be transferred to the second voltage reading module of the pixel reading circuit 200; The fourth control module 240 is used to control the photogenerated charges of the green photosensitive layer 142 of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 and the photogenerated charges of the blue photosensitive layer 141 and the red photosensitive layer 143 of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 to be transferred to the second voltage reading module.

[0052] Based on the pixel reading circuit 200, the voltage signal value of at least one photosensitive layer of each photosensitive pixel can be controlled and read after one exposure. Based on the voltage signal value of at least one photosensitive layer of each photosensitive pixel, at least one of a full-resolution G channel image, a full-resolution Bayer image, a full-resolution CMY image, and a full-resolution four-in-one mode image can be obtained, so as to adaptively obtain different images for different scenes.

[0053] In one implementation, the first control module 210 and the second control module 220 may be connected in parallel. The third control module 230 and the fourth control module 240 may be connected in parallel.

[0054] Specifically, one end of the first control module 210 can be connected to the first photosensitive pixel 110, and the other end of the first control module 210 can be directly connected to the first voltage reading module. One end of the second control module 220 can be connected to the second photosensitive pixel 120, and the other end of the second control module 220 can be directly connected to the first voltage reading module. One end of the third control module 230 can be connected to the third photosensitive pixel 130, and the other end of the third control module 230 can be directly connected to the second voltage reading module. One end of the fourth control module 240 can be connected to the fourth photosensitive pixel 240, and the other end of the fourth control module 240 can be directly connected to the second voltage reading module.

[0055] In one implementation, the first control module 210 may be connected in series with the second control module 220 . The third control module 230 may be connected in series with the fourth control module 240 .

[0056] Specifically, one end of the second control module 220 is connected to the first control module 210, and the other end of the second control module 220 is connected to the first voltage reading module; one end of the fourth control module 240 is connected to the third control module 230, and the other end of the fourth control module 240 is connected to the second voltage reading module.

[0057] In this implementation, one end of the first control module 210 can be connected to the first photosensitive pixel 110, and the other end of the first control module 210 can be connected to the first voltage reading module through the second control module 210. One end of the second control module 220 can also be connected to the second photosensitive pixel 120, and the other end of the second control module 220 can be directly connected to the first voltage reading module. One end of the third control module 230 can be connected to the third photosensitive pixel 130, and the other end of the third control module 230 can be connected to the second voltage reading module through the fourth control module 240. One end of the fourth control module 240 can also be connected to the fourth photosensitive pixel 240, and the other end of the fourth control module 240 can be directly connected to the second voltage reading module.

[0058] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 8 As shown, specifically, the first control module 210 includes a first switch 212 and a second switch 213 connected in series, and the second control module 220 includes a third switch 211 and a fourth switch 214 connected in series, and the third switch 211 is arranged between the first switch 212 and the first voltage reading module.

[0059] The input end of the first switch 212 can be connected to the green photosensitive layer 112 of the first photosensitive pixel 110, and the input end of the second switch 213 can be connected to the blue photosensitive layer 111 and the red photosensitive layer 113 of the first photosensitive pixel 110, respectively. The input end of the third switch 211 can be connected to the green photosensitive layer 122 of the second photosensitive pixel 120. The input end of the fourth switch 214 can be connected to the blue photosensitive layer 121 of the second photosensitive pixel 120.

[0060] When the third switch 211 is turned on, the photogenerated charges of the green photosensitive layer 122 of the second photosensitive pixel 120 are transferred to the first voltage reading module; When the third switch 211 is turned on and the first switch 212 is turned on, the photogenerated charges of the green photosensitive layer 112 of the first photosensitive pixel 110 are transferred to the first voltage reading module; When the third switch 211 is turned on and the fourth switch 214 is turned on, the photogenerated charges of the blue photosensitive layer 121 of the second photosensitive pixel 120 are transferred to the first voltage reading module; When the third switch 211 is turned on, the first switch 212 is turned on, and the second switch 213 is turned on, the photogenerated charges 111 of the blue photosensitive layer and the photogenerated charges of the red photosensitive layer 113 of the first photosensitive pixel 110 are transferred to the first voltage reading module.

[0061] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 8 As shown, the third control module 230 includes a fifth switch 222 and a sixth switch 223 connected in series, and the fourth control module 240 includes a seventh switch 221 and an eighth switch 224 connected in series. The seventh switch 221 is arranged between the fifth switch 222 and the second voltage reading module.

[0062] The input end of the fifth switch 222 can be connected to the green photosensitive layer 132 of the third photosensitive pixel 130, and the input end of the sixth switch 223 can be connected to the red photosensitive layer 133 of the third photosensitive pixel 130. The input end of the seventh switch 221 can be connected to the green photosensitive layer 142 of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140, and the input end of the eighth switch 224 can be connected to the red photosensitive layer 143 and the blue photosensitive layer 141 of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140, respectively.

[0063] When the seventh switch 221 is turned on, the photogenerated charges of the green photosensitive layer 142 of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 are transferred to the second voltage reading module; When the seventh switch 221 is turned on and the fifth switch 222 is turned on, the photogenerated charges of the green photosensitive layer 132 of the third photosensitive pixel 130 are transferred to the second voltage reading module; When the seventh switch 221 is turned on and the eighth switch 224 is turned on, the photogenerated charges of the blue photosensitive layer 141 and the red photosensitive layer 143 of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 are transferred to the second voltage reading module; When the seventh switch 221 is turned on, the fifth switch 222 is turned on, and the sixth switch 223 is turned on, the photogenerated charges of the red photosensitive layer 133 of the third photosensitive pixel 130 are transferred to the second voltage reading module.

[0064] In the above embodiment, the first voltage reading module and the second voltage reading module are used to convert the photogenerated charge into a voltage signal for output. Each voltage reading module may specifically include: a floating diffusion capacitor and a reset switch. The floating diffusion capacitor is used to convert the photogenerated charge into a voltage, and the reset switch is used to clear the photogenerated charge.

[0065] like Figure 8As shown, the first voltage reading module may specifically include: a first floating diffusion capacitor 215 and a first reset switch 216. The first end of the first reset switch 216 is connected to the power supply voltage VDD, the second end of the first reset switch 216 is connected to the first end of the first floating diffusion capacitor 215, and the second end of the first floating diffusion capacitor 215 is grounded. The first voltage reading module is connected, specifically, it can be connected to the first end of the first floating diffusion capacitor 215. The voltage signal value output by the first voltage reading module is specifically the voltage signal value of the first end of the first floating diffusion capacitor 215.

[0066] The second voltage reading module may specifically include: a second floating diffusion capacitor 225 and a second reset switch 226. The first end of the second reset switch 226 is connected to the power supply voltage VDD, the second end of the second reset switch 226 is connected to the first end of the second floating diffusion capacitor 225, and the second end of the second floating diffusion capacitor 225 is grounded. Connecting to the second voltage reading module is specifically connected to the first end of the second floating diffusion capacitor 225. The voltage signal value output by the second voltage reading module is specifically the voltage signal value of the first end of the second floating diffusion capacitor 225.

[0067] In the above embodiments, each photosensitive layer may be a photodiode capable of sensing light of a corresponding color, the connection with the photosensitive layer may specifically be connection with each photodiode, and each reading switch may specifically be a triode switch.

[0068] Fig. 9 : is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pixel reading circuit of some embodiments of the present application. In this schematic diagram, the blue photosensitive layer 111 and the red photosensitive layer 113 of the first photosensitive pixel 110 are electrically connected together, specifically a photodiode PD1_RB, and the green photosensitive layer 112 of the first photosensitive pixel 110 is specifically a photodiode PD1_G. The blue photosensitive layer 121 of the second photosensitive pixel 120 is specifically a photodiode PD2_B, and the green photosensitive layer 122 of the second photosensitive pixel 120 is specifically a photodiode PD2_G. The green photosensitive layer 132 of the third photosensitive pixel 130 is specifically a photodiode PD3_G, and the red photosensitive layer 133 of the third photosensitive pixel 130 is specifically a photodiode PD3_R. The blue photosensitive layer 141 and the red photosensitive layer 143 of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 are electrically connected together, specifically a photodiode PD4_RB, and the green photosensitive layer 142 of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 is specifically a photodiode PD4_G.

[0069] The first switch 212 is specifically a transistor switch TG2 , the second switch 213 is specifically a transistor switch TG3 , the third switch 211 is specifically a transistor switch TG1 , and the fourth switch 214 is specifically a transistor switch TG4 .

[0070] The first floating diffusion capacitor 215 is specifically a floating diffusion capacitor FD1. The first reset switch 216 is specifically a reset switch RST1.

[0071] The fifth switch 222 is specifically a transistor switch TG6 , the sixth switch 223 is specifically a transistor switch TG7 , the seventh switch 221 is specifically a transistor switch TG5 , and the eighth switch 224 is specifically a transistor switch TG8 .

[0072] The second floating diffusion capacitor 225 is specifically a floating diffusion capacitor FD2 , and the second reset switch 226 is specifically a reset switch RST2 .

[0073] Of course, it is understandable that, in addition to the above components, the pixel reading circuit may also include other components, for example, Fig. 9 It also includes: SF1, SET1, SF2, SET2, ADC, ISP, MIPI and other components. Among them, SF1 and SF2 are signal amplifiers, SET and SET2 are row selectors, ADC is an analog-to-digital converter, ISP is an image signal processor, and MIPI is a mobile industry processor interface.

[0074] In the above embodiment, each control module can be arranged beside the photosensitive pixel corresponding to each control module to control and read the corresponding photosensitive pixel. Fig.10 As shown, the first control module 210 can be set next to the first photosensitive pixel 110, the second control module 220 can be set next to the second photosensitive pixel 120, the third control module 230 can be set next to the third photosensitive pixel 130, and the fourth control module 240 can be set next to the fourth photosensitive pixel 240.

[0075] The present application also provides a pixel reading method, which is performed by any pixel reading circuit 200 in the above embodiments. Fig.11 As shown, the method includes the following processing: Step 101, before exposure, the pixel reading circuit 200 clears all residual photogenerated charges in the first photosensitive pixel 110, the second photosensitive pixel 120, the third photosensitive pixel 130, the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 and the first voltage reading module and the second voltage reading module.

[0076] Step 102, after the exposure is completed, the pixel reading circuit 200 controls the photogenerated charges of at least one photosensitive layer of each photosensitive pixel in the first photosensitive pixel 110 and the second photosensitive pixel 120 to be transferred to the first voltage reading module, and controls the photogenerated charges of at least one photosensitive layer of each photosensitive pixel in the third photosensitive pixel 130 and the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 to be transferred to the second voltage reading module, so as to read the voltage signal value of at least one photosensitive layer of each photosensitive pixel in the first photosensitive pixel 110, the second photosensitive pixel 120, the third photosensitive pixel 130 and the fourth photosensitive pixel 140.

[0077] The pixel reading method of the embodiment of the present application, by controlling and reading the voltage signal value of at least one photosensitive layer of each photosensitive pixel, can obtain at least one of a full-resolution G channel image, a full-resolution Bayer image, a full-resolution CMY image, and a full-resolution four-in-one mode image based on the voltage signal value of at least one photosensitive layer of each photosensitive pixel, thereby facilitating adaptive acquisition of different images for different scenes.

[0078] In some embodiments of the present application, the pixel reading circuit 200 controls the photogenerated charge of at least one photosensitive layer of each photosensitive pixel in the first photosensitive pixel 110 and the second photosensitive pixel 120 to be transferred to the first voltage reading module, and controls the photogenerated charge of at least one photosensitive layer of each photosensitive pixel in the third photosensitive pixel 130 and the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 to be transferred to the second voltage reading module, so as to read the voltage signal value of at least one photosensitive layer of each photosensitive pixel in the first photosensitive pixel 110, the second photosensitive pixel 120, the third photosensitive pixel 130 and the fourth photosensitive pixel 140, including Fig.12 The following processing is shown: Step 201, the second control module 220 controls the photogenerated charges of the green photosensitive layer 122 of the second photosensitive pixel 120 to be transferred to the first voltage reading module to read the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel 120; Step 202, the fourth control module 240 controls the photogenerated charges of the green photosensitive layer 142 of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 to be transferred to the second voltage reading module to read the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140; Step 203, the first control module 210 controls the photogenerated charges of the green photosensitive layer 112 of the first photosensitive pixel 110 to be transferred to the first voltage reading module to read the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel 110; In step 204 , the third control module 230 controls the photogenerated charges of the green photosensitive layer 132 of the third photosensitive pixel 130 to be transferred to the second voltage reading module to read the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the third photosensitive pixel 130 .

[0079] In some embodiments of the present application, the pixel reading method further includes: A full-resolution G channel image is generated based on the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel 110, the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel 120, the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the third photosensitive pixel 130, and the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140.

[0080] In some embodiments of the present application, the pixel reading circuit 200 controls the photogenerated charge of at least one photosensitive layer of each photosensitive pixel in the first photosensitive pixel 110 and the second photosensitive pixel 120 to be transferred to the first voltage reading module, and controls the photogenerated charge of at least one photosensitive layer of each photosensitive pixel in the third photosensitive pixel 130 and the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 to be transferred to the second voltage reading module to read the voltage signal value of at least one photosensitive layer of each photosensitive pixel in the first photosensitive pixel 110, the second photosensitive pixel 120, the third photosensitive pixel 130 and the fourth photosensitive pixel 140, and also includes Fig.12 The following processing in: Step 205, the second control module 220 controls the photogenerated charges of the blue photosensitive layer 121 of the second photosensitive pixel 120 to be transferred to the first voltage reading module to read the voltage signal value of the blue photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel 120; In step 206 , the third control module 230 controls the photogenerated charges of the red photosensitive layer 133 of the third photosensitive pixel 130 to be transferred to the second voltage reading module to read the voltage signal value of the red photosensitive layer of the third photosensitive pixel 130 .

[0081] In some embodiments of the present application, the pixel circuit reading method further includes: A full-resolution Bayer image is generated based on the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel 110, the voltage signal value of the blue photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel 120, the voltage signal value of the red photosensitive layer of the third photosensitive pixel 130, and the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140.

[0082] In some embodiments of the present application, the pixel reading circuit 200 controls the photogenerated charge of at least one photosensitive layer of each photosensitive pixel in the first photosensitive pixel 110 and the second photosensitive pixel 120 to be transferred to the first voltage reading module, and controls the photogenerated charge of at least one photosensitive layer of each photosensitive pixel in the third photosensitive pixel 130 and the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 to be transferred to the second voltage reading module to read the voltage signal value of at least one photosensitive layer of each photosensitive pixel in the first photosensitive pixel 110, the second photosensitive pixel 120, the third photosensitive pixel 130 and the fourth photosensitive pixel 140, and also includes the following steps: Fig.12 The following processing is shown: Step 207, the first control module 210 controls the photogenerated charges of the blue photosensitive layer 111 and the red photosensitive layer 113 of the first photosensitive pixel 110 to be transferred to the first voltage reading module to read the voltage signal values ​​of the blue photosensitive layer and the red photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel 110; Step 208, the fourth control module 240 controls the photogenerated charges of the blue photosensitive layer 141 and the red photosensitive layer 143 of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 to be transferred to the second voltage reading module to read the voltage signal values ​​of the blue photosensitive layer and the red photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140; In some embodiments of the present application, the pixel reading method further includes: Based on the voltage signal values ​​of the blue photosensitive layer and the red photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel 110, a voltage signal value of the magenta channel of the first photosensitive pixel 110 is generated; based on the voltage signal value of the blue photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel 120 and the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel 120, a voltage signal value of the cyan channel of the second photosensitive pixel 120 is generated; based on the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the third photosensitive pixel 130 and the voltage signal value of the red photosensitive layer of the third photosensitive pixel, a voltage signal value of the yellow channel of the third photosensitive pixel 130 is generated; based on the voltage signal values ​​of the blue photosensitive layer and the red photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140, a voltage signal value of the magenta channel of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 is generated; Based on the voltage signal value of the magenta channel of the first photosensitive pixel 110, the voltage signal value of the cyan channel of the second photosensitive pixel 120, the voltage signal value of the yellow channel of the third photosensitive pixel 130, and the voltage signal value of the magenta channel of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140, a full-resolution CMY image is generated.

[0083] In some embodiments of the present application, the pixel reading method further includes: Generate a voltage signal value of a blue channel of the pixel unit 100, a voltage signal value of a green channel of the pixel unit 100, and a voltage signal value of a red photosensitive layer of the pixel unit 100 based on a voltage signal value of a green photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel 110 and voltage signal values ​​of a blue photosensitive layer and a red photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel 110, a voltage signal value of a green photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel 120 and a voltage signal value of a blue photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel 120, a voltage signal value of a green photosensitive layer of the third photosensitive pixel 130 and a voltage signal value of a red photosensitive layer of the third photosensitive pixel, and a voltage signal value of a green photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 and voltage signal values ​​of a blue photosensitive layer and a red photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel; Based on the voltage signal value of the blue channel of the pixel unit 100 , the voltage signal value of the green channel of the pixel unit 100 , and the voltage signal value of the red photosensitive layer of the pixel unit 100 , a full-resolution four-in-one mode image is generated.

[0084] Specifically, the pixel reading circuit 200 may be Figure 8 The pixel reading circuit shown.

[0085] In step 101, the pixel reading circuit 200 may control Figure 8 All switches in the pixel unit 100 are turned on to clear the photogenerated charges of each photosensitive layer of each photosensitive pixel in the pixel unit 100 and the residual charges in each capacitor of the pixel reading circuit 200. Then, the pixel reading circuit 200 can control Figure 8 All switches in the image sensor are turned off. After all switches are turned off, the image sensor or electronic device can control the pixel unit 100 to be exposed. During the exposure process, the incident light enters each photosensitive pixel in the pixel unit 100 through the microlens 150 of the pixel unit 100, and each photosensitive layer of each photosensitive pixel in the pixel unit 100 absorbs the corresponding color light to generate photogenerated charge.

[0086] In step 201, the second control module 220 can control the third switch 211 to be turned on. After the third switch 211 is turned on, the photogenerated charge generated by the green photosensitive layer 122 of the second photosensitive pixel 120 is transferred to the first floating diffusion capacitor 215 through the third switch 211. The first floating diffusion capacitor 215 converts the photogenerated charge into a voltage signal and outputs the voltage signal value of the voltage signal from the first output terminal VOUT1. The voltage signal value is the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel 120.

[0087] In step 202, the fourth control module 240 can control the seventh switch 221 to be turned on. After the seventh switch 221 is turned on, the photogenerated charges generated by the green photosensitive layer 142 of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 are transferred to the second floating diffusion capacitor 225 through the seventh switch 221. The second floating diffusion capacitor 225 converts the photogenerated charges into a voltage signal, and outputs the voltage signal value of the voltage signal from the second output terminal VOUT2. The voltage signal value is the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140.

[0088] In step 203, the first control module 210 can control the first switch 212 to be turned on. After the first switch is turned on, the photogenerated charges generated by the green photosensitive layer 112 of the first photosensitive pixel 110 are transferred to the first floating diffusion capacitor 215 through the first switch 212 and the third switch 211. The first floating diffusion capacitor 215 accumulates the photogenerated charges of the green photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel 110 and the photogenerated charges of the green photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel 120. The first floating diffusion capacitor 215 can convert the accumulated photogenerated charges into a voltage signal, and output the voltage signal value of the voltage signal from the first output terminal VOUT1. The voltage signal value is the sum of the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel 110 and the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel 120. The voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel 120 obtained in the previous step 201 can be subtracted from the sum to obtain the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel 110.

[0089] In step 204, the third control module 230 can control the fifth switch 222 to be turned on. After the fifth switch 222 is turned on, the photogenerated charges generated by the green photosensitive layer 132 of the third photosensitive pixel 130 are transferred to the second floating diffusion capacitor 225 via the fifth switch 222 and the seventh switch 221. The second floating diffusion capacitor 225 accumulates the photogenerated charges of the green photosensitive layer of the third photosensitive pixel 130 and the photogenerated charges of the green photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140. The second floating diffusion capacitor 225 can convert the accumulated photogenerated charges into a voltage signal, and output the voltage signal value of the voltage signal from the second output terminal VOUT2. The voltage signal value is the sum of the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the third photosensitive pixel 130 and the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140. The voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 obtained in the previous step 202 can be subtracted from the sum, thereby obtaining the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the third photosensitive pixel 130.

[0090] After the above processing, the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel 110, the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel 120, the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the third photosensitive pixel 130, and the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 are obtained. The voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel 110, the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel 120, the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the third photosensitive pixel 130, and the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 obtained by the above processing can be further combined according to the position of each photosensitive pixel to generate the pixel unit 100 as shown in FIG. Figure 2A G channel image shown.

[0091] Furthermore, each pixel unit 100 in the plurality of pixel units 100 may be Figure 2A The G channel images shown are combined according to the position of each pixel unit to generate a full-resolution G channel image, such as Figure 2B shown.

[0092] The full-resolution G channel image can be used to calculate phase differences in multiple directions such as a cross or double cross, and perform cross or double cross phase focusing.

[0093] In step 205, the second control module 220 can control the fourth switch 214 to be turned on. After the fourth switch 214 is turned on, the photogenerated charges generated by the blue photosensitive layer 121 of the second photosensitive pixel 120 are transferred to the first floating diffusion capacitor 215. At this time, the photogenerated charges generated by the blue photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel 120, the photogenerated charges generated by the green photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel 120, and the photogenerated charges generated by the green photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel 110 are accumulated in the first floating diffusion capacitor 215. The first floating diffusion capacitor 215 can convert these accumulated photogenerated charges into a voltage signal, and output the voltage signal value of the voltage signal from the first output terminal VOUT1. The voltage signal value is the sum of the voltage signal value of the blue photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel 120, the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel 120, and the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel 110. The voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel 120 obtained in the previous step 201 and the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel 110 obtained in the previous step 203 can be subtracted from the total to obtain the voltage signal value of the blue photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel 120.

[0094] In step 206, the third control module 230 can control the sixth switch 223 to be turned on. After the sixth switch 223 is turned on, the photogenerated charges generated by the red photosensitive layer 133 of the third photosensitive pixel 130 are transferred to the second floating diffusion capacitor 225. At this time, the photogenerated charges of the red photosensitive layer of the third photosensitive pixel 130, the photogenerated charges of the green photosensitive layer of the third photosensitive pixel 130, and the photogenerated charges of the green photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 are accumulated in the second floating diffusion capacitor 225. The second floating diffusion capacitor 225 can convert these accumulated charges into a voltage signal, and output the voltage signal value of the voltage signal from the second output terminal VOUT2, which is the sum of the voltage signal value of the red photosensitive layer of the third photosensitive pixel 130, the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the third photosensitive pixel 130, and the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140. The voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the third photosensitive pixel 130 obtained in the previous step 204 and the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 obtained in the previous step 202 can be subtracted from the total to obtain the voltage signal value of the red photosensitive layer of the third photosensitive pixel 130.

[0095] Furthermore, the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel 110, the voltage signal value of the blue photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel 120, the voltage signal value of the red photosensitive layer of the third photosensitive pixel 130, and the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 obtained above can be combined according to the position of each photosensitive pixel to generate the pixel unit 100 as shown in FIG. Figure 3A The Bayer image shown in FIG. 1 , wherein each voltage signal value may be converted into a digital form before being combined.

[0096] Furthermore, each pixel unit in the plurality of pixel units 100 may be Figure 3A The Bayer images shown are combined according to the position of each pixel unit to generate a full-resolution Bayer image, such as Figure 3B shown.

[0097] In step 207, the first control module 210 can control the second switch 213 to be turned on. After the second switch 213 is turned on, the photogenerated charges generated by the blue photosensitive layer 111 and the red photosensitive layer 113 of the first photosensitive pixel 110 are transferred to the first floating diffusion capacitor 215 via the second switch 213, the first switch 212, and the third switch 211. At this time, the photogenerated charges generated by the blue photosensitive layer, the red photosensitive layer, and the green photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel 110, as well as the photogenerated charges generated by the blue photosensitive layer and the green photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel 120 are accumulated in the first floating diffusion capacitor 215. The first floating diffusion capacitor 215 can convert the accumulated photogenerated charges into a voltage signal, and output the voltage signal value of the voltage signal from the first output terminal VOUT1. The voltage signal value is the sum of the voltage signal value of the blue photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel 110, the voltage signal value of the red photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel 110, the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel 110, the voltage signal value of the blue photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel 120, and the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel 120. The voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel 110, the voltage signal value of the blue photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel 120, and the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel 120 obtained previously can be subtracted from the sum to obtain the voltage signal values ​​of the blue photosensitive layer and the red photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel 110. The voltage signal value of the blue photosensitive layer and the red photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel 110 is the sum of the voltage signal value of the blue photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel 110 and the voltage signal value of the red photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel 110.

[0098] In step 208, the fourth control module 240 can control the eighth switch 224 to be turned on. After the eighth switch 224 is turned on, the photogenerated charges generated by the blue photosensitive layer 141 and the photogenerated charges generated by the red photosensitive layer 143 of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 are transferred to the second floating diffusion capacitor 225 via the eighth switch 224 and the seventh switch 221. At this time, the photogenerated charges generated by the blue photosensitive layer, the red photosensitive layer and the green photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 and the photogenerated charges generated by the green photosensitive layer and the red photosensitive layer of the third photosensitive pixel 130 are accumulated in the second floating diffusion capacitor 225. The second floating diffusion capacitor 225 can convert the accumulated photogenerated charges into a voltage signal, and output the voltage signal value of the voltage signal from the second output terminal VOUT2. The voltage signal value is the sum of the voltage signal value of the blue photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140, the voltage signal value of the red photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140, the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140, the voltage signal value of the red photosensitive layer of the third photosensitive pixel 130, and the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the third photosensitive pixel 130. The voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140, the voltage signal value of the red photosensitive layer of the third photosensitive pixel 130, and the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel 120 obtained previously can be subtracted from the sum to obtain the voltage signal values ​​of the blue photosensitive layer and the red photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140. The voltage signal values ​​of the blue photosensitive layer and the red photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 are the sum of the voltage signal value of the blue photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 and the voltage signal value of the red photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140.

[0099] Further, the voltage signal values ​​of the blue photosensitive layer and the red photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel 110 obtained above are determined as the voltage signal value of the magenta channel of the first photosensitive pixel. The voltage signal value of the magenta channel of the first photosensitive pixel is equal to the sum of the voltage signal value of the blue photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel 110 and the voltage signal value of the red photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel 110.

[0100] The voltage signal value of the blue photosensitive layer and the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel 120 obtained above can be added to obtain the voltage signal value of the cyan channel of the second photosensitive pixel 120. The voltage signal value of the cyan channel of the second photosensitive pixel is equal to the sum of the voltage signal value of the blue photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel 120 and the voltage signal value of the red photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel 120.

[0101] The voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer and the voltage signal value of the red photosensitive layer of the third photosensitive pixel 130 obtained above can be added to obtain the voltage signal value of the yellow channel of the third photosensitive pixel 130. The voltage signal value of the yellow channel of the third photosensitive pixel 130 is equal to the sum of the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the third photosensitive pixel 130 and the voltage signal value of the red photosensitive layer of the third photosensitive pixel.

[0102] The voltage signal values ​​of the blue photosensitive layer and the red photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 obtained above can be determined as the voltage signal value of the magenta channel of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140. The voltage signal value of the magenta channel of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 is equal to the sum of the voltage signal value of the blue photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 and the voltage signal value of the red photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140.

[0103] Furthermore, the voltage signal value of the magenta channel of the first photosensitive pixel 110, the voltage signal value of the cyan channel of the second photosensitive pixel 120, the voltage signal value of the yellow channel of the third photosensitive pixel 130, and the voltage signal value of the magenta channel of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140 can be combined according to the positions of the photosensitive pixels to generate the pixel unit 100 as shown in FIG. Figure 4A The CMY image shown in FIG. 1 , wherein each voltage signal value may be converted into a digital form before being combined.

[0104] Furthermore, each pixel unit 100 in the plurality of pixel units 100 may be Figure 4A The CMY images shown are combined according to the position of each pixel unit to generate a full-resolution CMY image, such as Figure 4B shown.

[0105] Further, based on the voltage signal values ​​of the blue photosensitive layer and the red photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel 110, the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel 110, the voltage signal value of the blue photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel 120, the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel 120, the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the third photosensitive pixel 130, the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the third photosensitive pixel 130, the voltage signal value of the blue photosensitive layer and the red photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel 140, and the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel, the sum of the voltage signal values ​​of all green photosensitive layers, the sum of the voltage signal values ​​of all red photosensitive layers, and the sum of the voltage signal values ​​of all blue photosensitive layers in the pixel unit 100 can be calculated. Based on the sum of the voltage signal values ​​of all green photosensitive layers in the pixel unit 100, the voltage signal value of the green channel of the pixel unit 100 can be obtained. Based on the sum of the voltage signal values ​​of all red photosensitive layers in the pixel unit 100, the voltage signal value of the red channel of the pixel unit 100 can be obtained. Based on the sum of the voltage signal values ​​of all blue photosensitive layers in the pixel unit 100, the voltage signal value of the blue channel of the pixel unit 100 is obtained. Figure 5A Four-in-one image shown.

[0106] Furthermore, each pixel unit 100 in the plurality of pixel units 100 may be Figure 5A The four-in-one images shown are combined according to the position of each pixel unit 100 to generate a full-resolution four-in-one mode image, such as Figure 5B As shown, before combining, each voltage signal value can be converted into an analog-to-digital value.

[0107] By using the above reading method, as many images as possible can be obtained with as few reading times as possible.

[0108] In implementation, the above step 201 and step 202 may be executed simultaneously, the above step 203 and step 204 may be executed simultaneously, the above step 205 and step 206 may be executed simultaneously, and the above step 207 and step 208 may be executed simultaneously.

[0109] The present application also provides an image sensor, such as Fig.13 The image sensor provided in the embodiment of the present application includes: The pixel unit 100 in the aforementioned embodiment; and; The pixel reading circuit 200 in the aforementioned embodiment; The pixel reading circuit 200 is connected to the pixel unit 100 .

[0110] The image sensor of the embodiment of the present application can read the electrical signal data of multiple color channels of each photosensitive pixel in a single exposure, and obtain at least one of a full-resolution G channel image, a full-resolution Bayer image, a full-resolution CMY image, and a full-resolution four-in-one mode image, so as to facilitate adaptive acquisition of different images for different scenes.

[0111] In some embodiments of the present application, there are multiple pixel units and pixel reading circuits 200, and each pixel reading circuit controls and reads one pixel unit.

[0112] For different scene areas in the shooting scene, the image sensor can adaptively read the corresponding image of the pixel unit corresponding to the scene area based on the pixel reading circuit 200 corresponding to the scene area.

[0113] For example, suppose a shooting scene contains four areas A, B, C, and D. Among them, area A is a focus area, area B is a highlight area, area C is a complex color area, and area D is a darker area.

[0114] Based on the pixel reading circuit corresponding to area A, the image sensor can control and read the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of each pixel unit in the pixel unit corresponding to area A, and generate a full-resolution G channel image of area A for precise phase focusing.

[0115] The image sensor can control and read the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel, the voltage signal value of the blue photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel, the voltage signal value of the red photosensitive layer of the third photosensitive pixel, and the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel in each pixel unit corresponding to the B area based on the pixel reading circuit corresponding to the B area, and generate a full-resolution Bayer image of the B area to improve the clarity of the image in the B area.

[0116] Based on the pixel reading circuit corresponding to area C, the image sensor can control and read the voltage signal values ​​of the blue photosensitive layer and the red photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel of each pixel unit corresponding to area C, the voltage signal values ​​of the blue photosensitive layer and the green photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel, the voltage signal values ​​of the green photosensitive layer and the red photosensitive layer of the third photosensitive pixel, and the voltage signal values ​​of the blue photosensitive layer and the red photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel to generate a full-resolution CMY image of area C to improve the color reproduction of the image in area C.

[0117] The image sensor can control and read the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer of the first photosensitive pixel and the voltage signal value of the blue and red photosensitive layers of each pixel unit corresponding to the D area, the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer and the voltage signal value of the blue photosensitive layer of the second photosensitive pixel, the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer and the voltage signal value of the red photosensitive layer of the third photosensitive pixel, and the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer and the voltage signal value of the blue and red photosensitive layer of the fourth photosensitive pixel based on the pixel reading circuit corresponding to the D area, to generate a full-resolution four-in-one mode image of the D area to improve the brightness and clarity of the image in the D area.

[0118] By adaptively acquiring corresponding images for different areas, the phase focusing capability and the overall shooting effect during shooting can be improved.

[0119] An embodiment of the present application also provides a camera, comprising the image sensor of the above embodiment.

[0120] An embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device, such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, etc., which includes the camera of the above embodiment.

[0121] The above are the pixel unit, pixel reading circuit, image sensor, camera, electronic device and pixel reading method provided in the embodiments of the present application. Other structures and operations of the pixel unit, pixel reading circuit, image sensor, camera, electronic device and pixel reading method according to the embodiments of the present application are known to ordinary technicians in the field and will not be described in detail here.

[0122] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0123] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and that the scope of the present application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A pixel unit (100), characterized in that: include: A first photosensitive pixel (110), a second photosensitive pixel (120), a third photosensitive pixel (130), and a fourth photosensitive pixel (140) are distributed in an array, and also includes a microlens (150); The first photosensitive pixel (110) comprises: a blue photosensitive layer (111), a green photosensitive layer (112), and a red photosensitive layer (113) which are stacked in sequence from top to bottom and electrically isolated from each other; The second photosensitive pixel (120) comprises: a blue photosensitive layer (121) and a green photosensitive layer (122) which are stacked in sequence from top to bottom and electrically isolated from each other; The third photosensitive pixel (130) comprises: a green photosensitive layer (132) and a red photosensitive layer (133) which are stacked in sequence from top to bottom and electrically isolated from each other; The fourth photosensitive pixel (140) comprises: a blue photosensitive layer (141), a green photosensitive layer (142) and a red photosensitive layer (143) which are stacked in sequence from top to bottom and electrically isolated from each other; The microlens (150) covers the first photosensitive pixel (110), the second photosensitive pixel (120), the third photosensitive pixel (130) and the fourth photosensitive pixel (140); Among them, the photosensitive layers of the same color in different photosensitive pixels are located in the same layer.

2. The pixel unit (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first photosensitive pixel (110) is located in the first row and the first column; the second photosensitive pixel (120) is located in the first row and the second column; the third photosensitive pixel (130) is located in the second row and the first column; and the fourth photosensitive pixel (140) is located in the second row and the second column.

3. The pixel unit (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blue photosensitive layer (111) of the first photosensitive pixel (110) is electrically connected to the red photosensitive layer (113), and the blue photosensitive layer (141) of the fourth photosensitive pixel (140) is electrically connected to the red photosensitive layer (143).

4. The pixel unit (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that The blue photosensitive layer in each photosensitive pixel is a photodiode for sensing photogenerated charges generated by blue light; the green photosensitive layer in each photosensitive pixel is a photodiode for sensing photogenerated charges generated by green light; and the red photosensitive layer in each photosensitive pixel is a photodiode for sensing photogenerated charges generated by red light.

5. The pixel unit (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness range of the blue photosensitive layer in each photosensitive pixel is: 0.8um~1.2um; the thickness range of the green photosensitive layer in each photosensitive pixel is: 1.1um~2.3um; the thickness range of the red photosensitive layer in each photosensitive pixel is: 2.8um~4.3um.

6. A pixel reading circuit (200), characterized in that: Used to control and read the pixel unit (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the pixel reading circuit (200) comprising: A first control module (210) is used to control the transfer of the photogenerated charges of the green photosensitive layer (112) of the first photosensitive pixel (110) and the photogenerated charges of the blue photosensitive layer (111) and the red photosensitive layer (113) of the first photosensitive pixel (110) to a first voltage reading module of the pixel reading circuit (200); A second control module (220) is used to control the photogenerated charges of the green photosensitive layer (122) of the second photosensitive pixel (120) and the photogenerated charges of the blue photosensitive layer (121) of the second photosensitive pixel (120) to be transferred to the first voltage reading module; A third control module (230), used for controlling the photogenerated charges of the green photosensitive layer (132) of the third photosensitive pixel (130) and the photogenerated charges of the red photosensitive layer (133) of the third photosensitive pixel (130) to be transferred to a second voltage reading module of the pixel reading circuit (200); The fourth control module (240) is used to control the transfer of the photogenerated charges of the green photosensitive layer (142) of the fourth photosensitive pixel (140) and the photogenerated charges of the blue photosensitive layer (141) and the red photosensitive layer (143) of the fourth photosensitive pixel (140) to the second voltage reading module.

7. The pixel reading circuit (200) according to claim 6, characterized in that: One end of the second control module (220) is connected to the first control module (210), and the other end of the second control module (220) is connected to the first voltage reading module; One end of the fourth control module (240) is connected to the third control module (230), and the other end of the fourth control module (240) is connected to the second voltage reading module.

8. The pixel reading circuit (200) according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first control module (210) comprises a first switch (212) and a second switch (213) connected in series, the second control module (220) comprises a third switch (211) and a fourth switch (214) connected in series, the third switch (211) being arranged between the first switch (212) and the first voltage reading module; When the third switch (211) is turned on, the photogenerated charges of the green photosensitive layer (122) of the second photosensitive pixel (120) are transferred to the first voltage reading module; When the third switch (211) is turned on and the first switch (212) is turned on, the photogenerated charges of the green photosensitive layer (112) of the first photosensitive pixel (110) are transferred to the first voltage reading module; When the third switch (211) is turned on and the fourth switch (214) is turned on, the photogenerated charges of the blue photosensitive layer (121) of the second photosensitive pixel (120) are transferred to the first voltage reading module; When the third switch (211) is turned on, the first switch (212) is turned on, and the second switch (213) is turned on, the photogenerated charges of the blue photosensitive layer (111) and the photogenerated charges of the red photosensitive layer (113) of the first photosensitive pixel (110) are transferred to the first voltage reading module.

9. The pixel reading circuit (200) according to claim 7, characterized in that: The third control module (230) comprises a fifth switch (222) and a sixth switch (223) connected in series, the fourth control module (240) comprises a seventh switch (221) and an eighth switch (224) connected in series, the seventh switch (221) being arranged between the fifth switch (222) and the second voltage reading module; When the seventh switch (221) is turned on, the photogenerated charges of the green photosensitive layer (142) of the fourth photosensitive pixel (140) are transferred to the second voltage reading module; When the seventh switch (221) is turned on and the fifth switch (222) is turned on, the photogenerated charges of the green photosensitive layer (132) of the third photosensitive pixel (130) are transferred to the second voltage reading module; When the seventh switch (221) is turned on and the eighth switch (224) is turned on, the photogenerated charges of the blue photosensitive layer (141) and the photogenerated charges of the red photosensitive layer (143) of the fourth photosensitive pixel (140) are transferred to the second voltage reading module; When the seventh switch (221) is turned on, the fifth switch (222) is turned on, and the sixth switch (223) is turned on, the photogenerated charges of the red photosensitive layer (133) of the third photosensitive pixel (130) are transferred to the second voltage reading module.

10. An image sensor, characterized in that: include: A pixel unit (100) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 and a pixel reading circuit (200) as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 9; wherein the pixel reading circuit (200) is connected to the pixel unit (100).

11. A camera, characterized in that: include: The image sensor of claim 10.

12. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: The camera as claimed in claim 11.

13. A pixel reading method, characterized in that: The method is performed by the pixel reading circuit (200) according to any one of claims 6 to 9, comprising: Before exposure, the pixel reading circuit (200) clears all residual photogenerated charges in the first photosensitive pixel (110), the second photosensitive pixel (120), the third photosensitive pixel (130), the fourth photosensitive pixel (140) and the first voltage reading module and the second voltage reading module; After the exposure is completed, the pixel reading circuit (200) controls the photogenerated charges of at least one photosensitive layer of each of the first photosensitive pixel (110) and the second photosensitive pixel (120) to be transferred to the first voltage reading module, and controls the photogenerated charges of at least one photosensitive layer of each of the third photosensitive pixel (130) and the fourth photosensitive pixel (140) to be transferred to the second voltage reading module, so as to read the voltage signal value of at least one photosensitive layer of each of the first photosensitive pixel (110), the second photosensitive pixel (120), the third photosensitive pixel (130) and the fourth photosensitive pixel (140).

14. The pixel reading method according to claim 13, characterized in that: The pixel reading circuit (200) controls the photogenerated charge of at least one photosensitive layer of each of the first photosensitive pixel (110) and the second photosensitive pixel (120) to be transferred to the first voltage reading module, and controls the photogenerated charge of at least one photosensitive layer of each of the third photosensitive pixel (130) and the fourth photosensitive pixel (140) to be transferred to the second voltage reading module, so as to read the voltage signal value of at least one photosensitive layer of each of the first photosensitive pixel (110), the second photosensitive pixel (120), the third photosensitive pixel (130) and the fourth photosensitive pixel (140), including: The second control module (220) controls the photogenerated charges of the green photosensitive layer (122) of the second photosensitive pixel (120) to be transferred to the first voltage reading module, so as to read the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer (122) of the second photosensitive pixel (120); The fourth control module (240) controls the photogenerated charge of the green photosensitive layer (142) of the fourth photosensitive pixel (140) to be transferred to the second voltage reading module, so as to read the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer (142) of the fourth photosensitive pixel (140); The first control module (210) controls the photogenerated charge of the green photosensitive layer (112) of the first photosensitive pixel (110) to be transferred to the first voltage reading module, so as to read the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer (112) of the first photosensitive pixel (110); The third control module (230) controls the photogenerated charge of the green photosensitive layer (132) of the third photosensitive pixel (130) to be transferred to the second voltage reading module, so as to read the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer (132) of the third photosensitive pixel (130); The method further comprises: A full-resolution G channel image is generated based on the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer (112) of the first photosensitive pixel (110), the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer (122) of the second photosensitive pixel (120), the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer (132) of the third photosensitive pixel (130), and the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer (142) of the fourth photosensitive pixel (140).

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that The pixel reading circuit (200) controls the photogenerated charge of at least one photosensitive layer of each of the first photosensitive pixel (110) and the second photosensitive pixel (120) to be transferred to the first voltage reading module, and controls the photogenerated charge of at least one photosensitive layer of each of the third photosensitive pixel (130) and the fourth photosensitive pixel (140) to be transferred to the second voltage reading module, so as to read the voltage signal value of at least one photosensitive layer of each of the first photosensitive pixel (110), the second photosensitive pixel (120), the third photosensitive pixel (130) and the fourth photosensitive pixel (140), and further comprises: The second control module (220) controls the photogenerated charges of the blue photosensitive layer (121) of the second photosensitive pixel (120) to be transferred to the first voltage reading module, so as to read the voltage signal value of the blue photosensitive layer (121) of the second photosensitive pixel (120); The third control module (230) controls the photogenerated charge of the red photosensitive layer (133) of the third photosensitive pixel (130) to be transferred to the second voltage reading module, so as to read the voltage signal value of the red photosensitive layer (133) of the third photosensitive pixel (130); The method further comprises: A full-resolution Bayer image is generated based on the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer (112) of the first photosensitive pixel (110), the voltage signal value of the blue photosensitive layer (121) of the second photosensitive pixel (120), the voltage signal value of the red photosensitive layer (133) of the third photosensitive pixel (130), and the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer (142) of the fourth photosensitive pixel (140).

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that The pixel reading circuit (200) controls the photogenerated charge of at least one photosensitive layer of each of the first photosensitive pixel (110) and the second photosensitive pixel (120) to be transferred to the first voltage reading module, and controls the photogenerated charge of at least one photosensitive layer of each of the third photosensitive pixel (130) and the fourth photosensitive pixel (140) to be transferred to the second voltage reading module, so as to read the voltage signal value of at least one photosensitive layer of each of the first photosensitive pixel (110), the second photosensitive pixel (120), the third photosensitive pixel (130) and the fourth photosensitive pixel (140), and further comprises: The first control module (210) controls the transfer of photogenerated charges of the blue photosensitive layer (111) and the red photosensitive layer (113) of the first photosensitive pixel (110) to the first voltage reading module, so as to read the voltage signal values ​​of the blue photosensitive layer (111) and the red photosensitive layer (113) of the first photosensitive pixel (110); The fourth control module (240) controls the photogenerated charges of the blue photosensitive layer (141) and the red photosensitive layer (143) of the fourth photosensitive pixel (140) to be transferred to the second voltage reading module, so as to read the voltage signal values ​​of the blue photosensitive layer (141) and the red photosensitive layer (143) of the fourth photosensitive pixel (140); The method further comprises: Based on the voltage signal values ​​of the blue photosensitive layer (111) and the red photosensitive layer (113) of the first photosensitive pixel (110), a voltage signal value of the magenta channel of the first photosensitive pixel (110) is generated; based on the voltage signal value of the blue photosensitive layer (121) of the second photosensitive pixel (120) and the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer (122) of the second photosensitive pixel (120), a voltage signal value of the cyan channel of the second photosensitive pixel (120) is generated; Based on the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer (132) of the third photosensitive pixel (130) and the voltage signal value of the red photosensitive layer (133) of the third photosensitive pixel (130), a voltage signal value of the yellow channel of the third photosensitive pixel (130) is generated; based on the voltage signal values ​​of the blue photosensitive layer (141) and the red photosensitive layer (143) of the fourth photosensitive pixel (140), a voltage signal value of the magenta channel of the fourth photosensitive pixel (140) is generated; A full-resolution CMY image is generated based on the voltage signal value of the magenta channel of the first photosensitive pixel (110), the voltage signal value of the cyan channel of the second photosensitive pixel (120), the voltage signal value of the yellow channel of the third photosensitive pixel (130), and the voltage signal value of the magenta channel of the fourth photosensitive pixel (140).

17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that The method further comprises: Based on the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer (112) of the first photosensitive pixel (110), the voltage signal values ​​of the blue photosensitive layer (111) and the red photosensitive layer (113) of the first photosensitive pixel (110), the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer (121) of the second photosensitive pixel (120), the voltage signal value of the blue photosensitive layer (122) of the second photosensitive pixel (120), the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer (132) of the third photosensitive pixel (130), and the voltage signal value of the blue photosensitive layer (133) of the third photosensitive pixel (130). The voltage signal value of the red photosensitive layer (133) of the photosensitive pixel (130), the voltage signal value of the green photosensitive layer (142) of the fourth photosensitive pixel (140), and the voltage signal values ​​of the blue photosensitive layer (141) and the red photosensitive layer (143) of the fourth photosensitive pixel (140) are used to generate the voltage signal value of the blue channel of the pixel unit (100), the voltage signal value of the green channel of the pixel unit (100), and the voltage signal value of the red photosensitive layer of the pixel unit (100); Based on the voltage signal value of the blue channel of the pixel unit (100), the voltage signal value of the green channel of the pixel unit (100) and the voltage signal value of the red photosensitive layer of the pixel unit (100), a full-resolution four-in-one mode image is generated.

Images