Double-storage three-supply carbon dioxide energy storage refrigeration system

Abstract

The invention discloses a double-storage and three-supply carbon dioxide energy storage refrigeration system, and belongs to the technical field of heat dissipation and cooling of data centers. The invention discloses a double-storage and three-supply carbon dioxide energy storage refrigerating system, which is characterized in that a ground source heat pump energy storage loop stores heat energy of a data center and energy stored by a cold storage ice making loop during ice making at the low ebb of electricity price; the third supply means that a data center cooling loop of the system foundation is used for cooling and cooling the data center, a cold storage ice-making loop is used for cooling and cooling the data center at the peak of the electricity price, and a ground source heat pump energy storage loop is used for cooling the data center; the cold supply cost of the system is reduced by storing energy at the electricity price low ebb and energy at the electricity price peak, waste heat is recycled through the ground source heat pump energy storage loop, and the recycled energy is used for cooling the data center, so that the energy consumption of the system is reduced. The defects that an existing data center cooling system is high in energy consumption and high in cost are overcome.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of heat dissipation and cooling of data centers, and in particular relates to a dual-storage and three-supply carbon dioxide energy storage refrigeration system. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous advancement of science and technology, especially the development of artificial intelligence, the computing power demand of data centers has skyrocketed, and with it comes an urgent need for heat dissipation technology. The existing data center heat dissipation system not only takes into account the cooling needs of the data center, but also considers the issue of energy recovery; that is, the waste heat of the data center is used for cooling in the heat dissipation system, which not only recycles the waste heat, but also saves the energy required for cooling. Despite this, since data centers generate a large amount of waste heat during operation, the amount of waste heat discharged is very large and relatively stable, resulting in the data center's cooling system still having the defects of high energy consumption and high cost.

[0003] In summary, existing data center cooling systems have the disadvantages of high energy consumption and high cost. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a dual-storage and three-supply carbon dioxide energy storage refrigeration system in view of the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art, which has a novel and reasonable design, high energy utilization rate and low cost.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A dual-storage and triple-supply carbon dioxide energy storage refrigeration system includes a data center cooling circuit, a cold storage and ice making circuit, and a ground source heat pump energy storage circuit, wherein the data center cooling circuit, the cold storage and ice making circuit, and the ground source heat pump energy storage circuit share the same evaporator and condenser;

[0007] The data center cooling circuit includes a carbon dioxide gas storage tank, a first compressor, a second compressor, a first intercooler, a second intercooler, a condenser, an evaporator, a first regenerator, a second regenerator, a first expander, and a second expander; the outlet of the carbon dioxide gas storage tank, the first compressor, the first intercooler, the second compressor, the second intercooler, and the high-pressure port of the condenser are connected in sequence, and the low-pressure port of the condenser, the first regenerator, the first expander, the second regenerator, the second expander, and the inlet of the carbon dioxide gas storage tank are connected in sequence. The condenser is connected to the evaporator through a drying filter and a throttle valve. The evaporator is arranged at the data center to achieve cooling of the data center;

[0008] The cold storage and ice-making circuit includes a dry ice maker for converting carbon dioxide into dry ice, a dry ice storage tank for storing dry ice, a dry ice sublimation device for sublimating dry ice into high-temperature and high-pressure carbon dioxide gas, and a high-pressure gas storage tank for storing high-temperature and high-pressure carbon dioxide; the outlet of the dry ice maker, the dry ice storage tank, the dry ice sublimation device and the inlet of the high-pressure gas storage tank are connected in sequence, the outlet of the high-pressure gas storage tank is connected to the high-pressure inlet of the condenser through the first channel of the second three-way valve, and the outlet of the high-pressure gas storage tank is connected to the inlet of the first compressor through the second channel of the second three-way valve; the outlet of the evaporator is connected to the inlet of the dry ice maker; the dry ice maker is started to realize cold energy storage when the electricity price is low, and the second three-way valve is opened to output cold energy when the electricity price is high;

[0009] The geothermal heat pump energy storage loop includes a first heat exchange pipeline and an underground energy storage pipeline; the underground energy storage pipeline is connected to the condenser and the evaporator through the first heat exchange pipeline to realize the recovery of heat energy from the data center, and the first heat exchange pipeline includes a water outlet pipeline and a return water pipeline, and a geothermal heat pump unit is arranged on the return water pipeline.

[0010] Furthermore, the data center cooling circuit also includes an auxiliary energy storage medium circuit; the auxiliary energy storage medium circuit includes a second heat exchange pipeline, the second heat exchange pipeline is sequentially connected to the first intercooler, the second intercooler, the first heat regenerator and the second heat regenerator, a hot medium storage tank is arranged on the second heat exchange pipeline between the second intercooler and the first heat regenerator, and a cold medium storage tank is arranged on the second heat exchange pipeline between the second heat regenerator and the first intercooler.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a pressure detection instrument for detecting the pressure of carbon dioxide in the high-pressure gas outlet tank. When the pressure is less than the pressure threshold, the second channel of the second three-way valve is opened; when the pressure is greater than or equal to the pressure threshold, the first channel of the second three-way valve is opened.

[0012] Furthermore, a circulating pump is provided on the connecting pipeline between the second channel of the second three-way valve and the inlet of the first compressor.

[0013] Furthermore, a first three-way valve is included, wherein a first channel of the first three-way valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline between a carbon dioxide gas storage tank and a first compressor, and a second channel of the first three-way valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline between a high-pressure gas storage tank and a first compressor.

[0014] Furthermore, a third heat exchange pipeline is included, and the third heat exchange pipeline is connected to the evaporator and the dry ice sublimation device to achieve heat exchange between the evaporator and the dry ice sublimation device.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0016] The present invention discloses a dual-storage and triple-supply carbon dioxide energy storage refrigeration system. The dual-storage refers to: the ground source heat pump energy storage loop stores the heat energy of the data center and the cold storage ice making loop stores the energy for ice making when the electricity price is low. The triple supply refers to: the data center cooling loop of the system base provides cooling and cooling for the data center, the cold storage ice making loop provides cooling and cooling for the data center when the electricity price is high, and the ground source heat pump energy storage loop provides cooling for the data center function. The cost of system cooling is reduced by storing energy at the low electricity price and at the peak of electricity price, and the waste heat is recovered by the ground source heat pump energy storage loop, and the recovered energy is used for cooling the data center, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the system. The defects of high energy consumption and high cost of the existing data center cooling system are eliminated. Furthermore, the heat generated in the compression process is removed by dividing the carbon dioxide compression process into sections and cooling between each section. This method can significantly reduce the compression power consumption, because the power consumption of adiabatic compression is greater than that of isothermal compression. Through interstage cooling, the compression heat can be effectively removed, thereby saving energy.

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a dual-storage and three-supply carbon dioxide energy storage refrigeration system of the present invention;

[0019] Description of reference numerals:

[0020] 1—CO2 gas storage tank; 2—First compressor; 3—First intercooler;

[0021] 4—second compressor; 5—second intercooler; 6—second expander;

[0022] 7—second regenerator; 8—first expander; 9—first regenerator;

[0023] 10—cold medium storage tank; 11—hot medium storage tank; 12—condenser;

[0024] 13—evaporator; 14—dry ice making machine; 15—dry ice storage tank;

[0025] 16—dry ice sublimation device; 17—high-pressure gas storage tank; 18—circulation pump;

[0026] 19—first three-way valve; 20—second three-way valve; 21—drying filter;

[0027] 22—throttle valve; 23—stop valve; 24—ground source heat pump unit;

[0028] 25—underground energy storage pipeline; 27—first heat exchange pipeline; 28—second heat exchange pipeline;

[0029] 29—The third heat exchange pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Example of a dual storage and triple supply carbon dioxide energy storage refrigeration system:

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, a dual-storage and three-supply carbon dioxide energy storage refrigeration system includes a data center cooling circuit, a cold storage and ice-making circuit and a ground source heat pump energy storage circuit. The data center cooling circuit, the cold storage and ice-making circuit and the ground source heat pump energy storage circuit share the same evaporator 13 and condenser 12; the data center cooling circuit is used to cool the data center, and the ground source heat pump energy storage circuit is used to store the operating heat energy of the data center in the underground energy storage pipeline 25 for use by the data center cooling circuit; the cold storage and ice-making circuit is used to use electricity to make ice and store energy when the electricity price is low; and the energy is used when the electricity price is peak for use by the data center cooling circuit, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the system electricity cost.

[0032] In order to achieve cooling and heat dissipation of the data center, the data center cooling circuit includes a carbon dioxide gas storage tank 1, a first compressor 2, a second compressor 4, a first intercooler 3, a second intercooler 5, a condenser 12, an evaporator 13, a first regenerator 9, a second regenerator 7, a first expander 8, and a second expander 6. Specifically, the outlet of the carbon dioxide gas storage tank 1, the first compressor 2, the first intercooler 3, the second compressor 4, the second intercooler 5, and the high-pressure port of the condenser 12 are connected in sequence; the low-pressure port of the condenser 12, the first regenerator 9, the first expander 8, the second regenerator 7, the second expander 6, and the inlet of the carbon dioxide gas storage tank 1 are connected in sequence; the condenser 12 is connected to the evaporator 13 through a drying filter 21 and a throttle valve 22, and the evaporator 13 is set at the data center to achieve cooling of the data center. The refrigerant flows out of the condenser 12, passes through the drying filter 21 to remove impurities, then reduces pressure and temperature through the throttle valve 22, and finally flows into the evaporator 13 for evaporation.

[0033] Among them, the carbon dioxide gas storage tank 1 is used to store low-pressure carbon dioxide, which serves as the starting point of the refrigeration system and provides low-pressure carbon dioxide for the compressor. The first compressor 2 and the second compressor 4 are used to compress the low-pressure carbon dioxide into high-pressure carbon dioxide. And two-stage compression is adopted to improve efficiency and reduce the final exhaust temperature. The first compressor 2 compresses the low-pressure carbon dioxide to an intermediate pressure, and the second compressor 4 further compresses the carbon dioxide at the intermediate pressure to a high pressure. The first intercooler 3 and the second intercooler 5 are used to cool the overheated high-pressure carbon dioxide. The intercooler can reduce the temperature of the high-pressure gas, reduce the heat entering the condenser 12, and improve the efficiency of the entire refrigeration system. The condenser 12 is used to condense the high-pressure carbon dioxide gas into a high-pressure liquid. In the condenser 12, the high-pressure carbon dioxide releases heat to the surrounding environment and changes from a gaseous state to a high-pressure liquid state. The evaporator 13 is used to absorb the heat of the data center and evaporate the liquid carbon dioxide into a low-pressure gaseous state, thereby achieving cooling. The first regenerator 9 and the second regenerator 7 are used to heat the supercooled liquid carbon dioxide. The regenerator can preheat the carbon dioxide on the low-pressure side, increase its temperature, reduce the supercooling in the evaporator 13, and thus improve the performance of the system. The first expander 8 and the second expander 6 are used to expand high-pressure carbon dioxide to low pressure, release energy, and reduce temperature. The expander can replace the traditional throttle valve 22, achieve pressure reduction by mechanical work, and recover part of the expansion energy to improve system efficiency.

[0034] In order to further improve the energy utilization rate in the data center cooling circuit, the data center cooling circuit also includes an auxiliary energy storage medium circuit; the auxiliary energy storage medium circuit includes a second heat exchange pipeline 28, the second heat exchange pipeline 28 is sequentially connected to the first intercooler 3, the second intercooler 5, the first reheater 9 and the second reheater 7, a hot medium storage tank 11 is provided on the second heat exchange pipeline 28 between the second intercooler 5 and the first reheater 9, and a cold medium storage tank 10 is provided on the second heat exchange pipeline 28 between the second reheater 7 and the first intercooler 3. The refrigerant flows in the second heat exchange pipeline 28 and performs heat exchange through various devices; the refrigerant is cooled in the first intercooler 3 and the second intercooler 5; the refrigerant flows through the first reheater 9 and the second reheater 7, and the refrigerant absorbs heat. The hot medium storage tank 11 is used to store hot medium, and the cold medium storage tank 10 is used to store cold medium.

[0035] In order to reduce electricity costs, the cold storage and ice-making circuit includes a dry ice maker 14 for converting carbon dioxide into dry ice, a dry ice storage tank 15 for storing dry ice, a dry ice sublimation device for sublimating dry ice into high-temperature and high-pressure carbon dioxide gas, and a high-pressure gas storage tank 17 for storing high-temperature and high-pressure carbon dioxide; the outlet of the dry ice maker 14, the dry ice storage tank 15, the dry ice sublimation device and the inlet of the high-pressure gas storage tank 17 are connected in sequence, the outlet of the high-pressure gas storage tank 17 is connected to the high-pressure inlet of the condenser 12 through the first channel of the second three-way valve 20, and the outlet of the high-pressure gas storage tank 17 is connected to the inlet of the first compressor 2 through the second channel of the second three-way valve 20; the outlet of the above-mentioned evaporator 13 is connected to the inlet of the dry ice maker 14; the dry ice maker 14 is started to realize cold energy storage when the electricity price is low, and the second three-way valve 20 is opened to output cold energy when the electricity price is high.

[0036] In order to achieve orderly utilization of energy, a pressure detection instrument is also included to detect the pressure of carbon dioxide in the high-pressure gas outlet tank. When the pressure is less than the pressure threshold, the second channel of the second three-way valve 20 is opened, and when the pressure is greater than or equal to the pressure threshold, the first channel of the second three-way valve 20 is opened. The opening and closing of the channel of the second three-way valve 20 can be controlled manually or by setting a controller for control.

[0037] In order to improve the circulation efficiency of the system, a circulation pump 18 is provided on the connecting pipeline between the second channel of the second three-way valve 20 and the inlet of the first compressor 2. The circulation pump 18 is responsible for circulating the refrigerant in the system to ensure that the refrigerant can circulate efficiently.

[0038] In order to achieve unified control of the refrigerant entering the first compressor 2, the system also includes a first three-way valve 19, the first channel of the first three-way valve 19 is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the carbon dioxide storage tank 1 and the first compressor 2, and the second channel of the first three-way valve 19 is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the high-pressure gas storage tank 17 and the first compressor 2.

[0039] In order to improve the efficient use of the energy of the cold storage and ice making circuit, a third heat exchange pipeline 29 is also included. The third heat exchange pipeline 29 is connected to the evaporator 13 and the dry ice sublimation device to achieve heat exchange between the evaporator 13 and the dry ice sublimation device.

[0040] In order to realize the recovery of waste heat from the data center, the geothermal heat pump energy storage loop includes a first heat exchange pipeline 27 and an underground energy storage pipeline 25; the underground energy storage pipeline 25 is connected to the condenser 12 and the evaporator 13 through the first heat exchange pipeline 27 to realize the recovery of heat energy from the data center. The first heat exchange pipeline 27 includes a water outlet pipeline and a return water pipeline, and the return water pipeline is provided with a geothermal heat pump unit 24. The underground energy storage pipeline 25 stores heat and cold for use in the cooling loop of the data center.

[0041] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent structural change made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the present invention still falls within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-storage and triple-supply carbon dioxide energy storage refrigeration system, characterized in that: It comprises a data center cooling circuit, a cold storage and ice making circuit and a ground source heat pump energy storage circuit, wherein the data center cooling circuit, the cold storage and ice making circuit and the ground source heat pump energy storage circuit share the same evaporator (13) and condenser (12); The data center cooling circuit comprises a carbon dioxide gas storage tank (1), a first compressor (2), a second compressor (4), a first intercooler (3), a second intercooler (5), a condenser (12), an evaporator (13), a first heat exchanger (9), a second heat exchanger (7), a first expander (8), and a second expander (6); the outlet of the carbon dioxide gas storage tank (1), the first compressor (2), the first intercooler (3), the second compressor (4), the second intercooler (5), and the high-pressure port of the condenser (12) are connected in sequence; the low-pressure port of the condenser (12), the first heat exchanger (9), the first expander (8), the second heat exchanger (7), the second expander (6), and the inlet of the carbon dioxide gas storage tank (1) are connected in sequence; the condenser (12) is connected to the evaporator (13) via a drying filter (21) and a throttle valve (22); the evaporator (13) is arranged at the data center to achieve cooling of the data center; The cold storage and ice making circuit comprises a dry ice making machine (14) for converting carbon dioxide into dry ice, a dry ice storage tank (15) for storing dry ice, a dry ice sublimation device (16) for sublimating dry ice into high-temperature and high-pressure carbon dioxide gas, and a high-pressure gas storage tank (17) for storing high-temperature and high-pressure carbon dioxide; the outlet of the dry ice making machine (14), the dry ice storage tank (15), the dry ice sublimation device (16) and the inlet of the high-pressure gas storage tank (17) are connected in sequence, the outlet of the high-pressure gas storage tank (17) is connected to the high-pressure inlet of the condenser (12) through the first channel of the second three-way valve (20), and the outlet of the high-pressure gas storage tank (17) is connected to the inlet of the first compressor (2) through the second channel of the second three-way valve (20); the outlet of the evaporator (13) is connected to the inlet of the dry ice making machine (14); the dry ice making machine (14) is started when the electricity price is low to realize cold energy storage, and the second three-way valve (20) is opened when the electricity price is high to output cold energy; The ground source heat pump energy storage loop comprises a first heat exchange pipeline (27) and an underground energy storage pipeline (25); the underground energy storage pipeline (25) is connected to a condenser (12) and an evaporator (13) via the first heat exchange pipeline (27) to realize the recovery of heat energy from a data center; the first heat exchange pipeline (27) comprises a water outlet pipeline and a water return pipeline; and a ground source heat pump unit (24) is arranged on the water return pipeline.

2. A dual-storage and triple-supply carbon dioxide energy storage refrigeration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data center cooling circuit also includes an auxiliary energy storage medium circuit; the auxiliary energy storage medium circuit includes a second heat exchange pipeline (28), the second heat exchange pipeline (28) is sequentially connected to the first intercooler (3), the second intercooler (5), the first heat regenerator (9) and the second heat regenerator (7), a hot medium storage tank (11) is arranged on the second heat exchange pipeline (28) between the second intercooler (5) and the first heat regenerator (9), and a cold medium storage tank (10) is arranged on the second heat exchange pipeline (28) between the second heat regenerator (7) and the first intercooler (3).

3. A dual-storage and triple-supply carbon dioxide energy storage refrigeration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a pressure detection instrument for detecting the pressure of carbon dioxide in the high-pressure gas outlet tank. When the pressure is less than a pressure threshold, the second channel of the second three-way valve (20) is opened; when the pressure is greater than or equal to the pressure threshold, the first channel of the second three-way valve (20) is opened.

4. A dual-storage and triple-supply carbon dioxide energy storage refrigeration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circulating pump (18) is provided on a connecting pipeline between the second channel of the second three-way valve (20) and the inlet of the first compressor (2).

5. A dual-storage and triple-supply carbon dioxide energy storage refrigeration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a first three-way valve (19), wherein a first channel of the first three-way valve (19) is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the carbon dioxide gas storage tank (1) and the first compressor (2), and a second channel of the first three-way valve (19) is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the high-pressure gas storage tank (17) and the first compressor (2).

6. A dual-storage and triple-supply carbon dioxide energy storage refrigeration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a third heat exchange pipeline (29), which is connected to the evaporator (13) and the dry ice sublimation device (16) to achieve heat exchange between the evaporator (13) and the dry ice sublimation device (16).

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