Composite dry water and dry powder extinguishing agent for fire extinguishing bomb and preparation method of composite dry water and dry powder extinguishing agent

Abstract

The invention relates to a composite dry water and dry powder extinguishing agent for a fire extinguishing bomb, which is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 5 to 10 percent of 100 to 3000-mesh hydrophobic silicon dioxide, 10 to 30 percent of water, and 60 to 85 percent of one or more of 100 to 300-mesh ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, sodium bicarbonate or dry powder extinguishing agent, 0-3% of one or a mixture of two of talcum powder and aluminum hydroxide, and 0-5% of phosphoric acid. Meanwhile, the invention further discloses a preparation method of the composite dry water and dry powder extinguishing agent. The fire extinguishing agent is low in cost, excellent in fire extinguishing performance, suitable for large-scale popularization and application and wide in practical application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fire extinguishers, and in particular to a composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent for fire extinguishing bombs and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Fire extinguishing bombs (CN 208372337 U, CN 108392763 A, CN 206007851 U) are ignited by pull rings and fuses. The fire extinguishing agent instantly generates a huge shock wave composed of high-pressure and high-temperature gas to form a negative pressure, cut off the flames of surrounding combustibles, and destroy the combustion chain; at the same time, the high-pressure drives the dry powder of the fire extinguishing agent to be quickly and evenly scattered and spread to the fire area, fully contacting and decomposing with the combustibles, thereby reducing the temperature at the scene and forming a glass-like fire-isolating film on the combustibles to ensure that the fire does not re-ignite after extinguishing.

[0003] Fire extinguishing bombs are suitable for all fields such as industry, agriculture, transportation, military, and construction. They can be widely used in forests, grasslands, oil fields, ports, mines, factories, various types of transportation, various types of buildings and other life scenes. They have the characteristics of high fire extinguishing efficiency, safety and no harm to people, green environmental protection, no secondary pollution, simple operation, and easy to carry. It is another creation of gunpowder application and fire extinguishing technology, and it is a revolution that subverts traditional fire extinguishing thinking. The innovative fire extinguishing thinking of fire extinguishing bombs has put forward new requirements for fire extinguishing dry powder, such as ultra-fine, functional and other new fire extinguishing agents.

[0004] Dry water, as a special material, has attracted widespread attention in the field of fire extinguishing due to its unique physical and chemical properties. Dry water is a special material made of a mixture of water and nano-scale silica particles, with a water content of up to 95% and a powdery appearance. Its special structure gives it good water storage capacity, high specific surface area, good thermal stability and chemical stability. It is a low-cost, non-toxic and pollution-free core-shell structure composite powder particle with good adsorption and thermal insulation properties. It has high application value and potential in the field of fire extinguishing agents.

[0005] As a core-shell structure fire extinguishing agent, dry water has the following three fire extinguishing mechanisms: cooling effect, oxygen dilution effect and non-uniform chemical effect. When the dry water fire extinguishing agent is sprayed into the flame, the dry water powder particles will be heated and the water inside will be released. The dry water particles are quickly dehydrated. During the dehydration process, the water evaporates and absorbs a large amount of heat, which plays a cooling role; the water droplets in the dry water powder particles are easier to reach the flame zone than traditional fine water mist. In addition, the core-shell structure fire extinguishing agent powder particles with a certain density can be quickly distributed and suspended in the flame zone. After heating, the evaporated water forms a water vapor layer on the flame, which plays an oxygen dilution effect and suppresses the flame well. The cooling effect and oxygen dilution effect of water droplets are fully exerted through the coating of SiO2. Therefore, the cooling effect of water and the suffocation effect of powder are considered to be the main fire extinguishing mechanisms of core-shell structure fire extinguishing agents.

[0006] At present, the common and ultra-fine dry powder fire extinguishing agents on the market are widely used in various places due to their low environmental toxicity and good fire extinguishing performance. However, the fire extinguishing performance of common dry powder fire extinguishing agents is affected due to their large particle size, small specific surface area and easy agglomeration; the production process of ultra-fine dry powder fire extinguishing agents is complex, energy consumption is high and cost is high.

[0007] Therefore, a new type of composite powder fire extinguishing agent with low preparation cost, small particle size, smaller bulk density, and better fluidity, spreading, diffusion and sedimentation properties is a key technical issue that needs to be solved in the promotion and application of new fire extinguishing bomb fire extinguishing products. Summary of the invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent for fire extinguishing bombs with low cost and excellent fire extinguishing performance.

[0009] Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a preparation method of the composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent.

[0010] In order to solve the above problems, the composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent for fire extinguishing bombs described in the present invention is characterized in that the composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 5-10% of 100-3000 mesh hydrophobic silicon dioxide (SiO2), 10-30% of water, 60-85% of 100-300 mesh diammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) or one or more components of dry powder fire extinguishing agent, 0-3% of one or a mixture of two of talcum powder and aluminum hydroxide, and 0-5% of phosphoric acid.

[0011] The composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 5-8% of 300-1000 mesh hydrophobic silicon dioxide (SiO2), 16-26% of water, 75-78% of 150-300 mesh diammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) or one or more components of dry powder fire extinguishing agent, 1-2% of one or a mixture of talcum powder and aluminum hydroxide, and 2-3% of phosphoric acid.

[0012] The composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 5% of 500-800 mesh hydrophobic silicon dioxide (SiO2), 17% of water, 75% of 100-300 mesh diammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) or one or more components of dry powder fire extinguishing agent, 1% of one or a mixture of talcum powder and aluminum hydroxide, and 2% of phosphoric acid.

[0013] The composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 7% of 500-mesh hydrophobic silicon dioxide (SiO2), 18% of water, and 75% of a mixture of diammonium phosphate and dry powder fire extinguishing agent.

[0014] The method for preparing the composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent for fire extinguishing bombs as described above comprises the following steps: ⑴Weigh according to the ratio; (2) Dissolve excess diammonium phosphate and phosphoric acid in water, stir, let stand for 30 minutes, and take the supernatant to obtain a saturated aqueous solution of diammonium phosphate; (3) Mixing and grinding ammonium dihydrogen phosphate with one or more components of ammonium polyphosphate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) or dry powder fire extinguishing agent by ultrafine grinding machine for 10 minutes to obtain a dry powder mixture; (4) Add hydrophobic silica to a saturated aqueous solution of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and stir in a high-speed mixer at a speed of 500 to 10,000 rpm for 0.5 to 5 minutes to obtain a dry water base material; ⑸ Add talcum powder and aluminum hydroxide, one or a mixture of the two, and a dry powder mixture to the dry water base material, stir in a high-speed mixer at a speed of 500-10,000 rpm for 0.5-5 minutes, and mix evenly to obtain a composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent.

[0015] The method for preparing the composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent for fire extinguishing bombs as described above comprises the following steps: ①Weigh according to the ratio; ② Add one or more components of ammonium polyphosphate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) or phosphoric acid into water, stir and dissolve to obtain a mixed solution; ③ Add ammonium dihydrogen phosphate to the mixed solution, stir and grind it with an ultrafine grinder for 10 minutes to obtain a slurry solid-liquid mixture; ④ Mix the slurry solid-liquid mixture with hydrophobic silica, stir in a high-speed mixer at a speed of 500-10,000 rpm for 0.5-3 minutes, then add one or more mixtures of talcum powder, aluminum hydroxide and dry powder fire extinguishing agent, continue stirring for 3 minutes, and after mixing evenly, the composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent is obtained.

[0016] The method for preparing the composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent for fire extinguishing bombs as described above comprises the following steps: S1 is weighed according to the proportion; S2: dissolving ammonium dihydrogen phosphate in water, stirring, standing for 30 minutes, and taking the supernatant to obtain a saturated aqueous solution of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate; S3: mixing hydrophobic silica with a saturated aqueous solution of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, adding the mixture into a high-speed mixer, and stirring for 2 minutes to obtain a dry water base material; Add dry powder fire extinguishing agent to S4 dry water base material, stir in a mixer for 3 minutes, and mix evenly to obtain composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent.

[0017] The method for preparing the composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent for fire extinguishing bombs as described above comprises the following steps: ⅰWeigh according to the ratio; ii. Dissolve excess diammonium phosphate in water, stir, and let stand for 30 minutes, then take the supernatant to obtain a saturated aqueous solution of diammonium phosphate; ⅲ Mixing and grinding ammonium dihydrogen phosphate with one or more components of ammonium polyphosphate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) or dry powder fire extinguishing agent by ultrafine grinding machine for 10 minutes to obtain a dry powder mixture; ⅳ Add hydrophobic silica to a saturated aqueous solution of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and stir in a high-speed stirrer at a speed of 500 to 10,000 rpm for 0.5 to 5 minutes to obtain a dry water base material; ⅴ Add the dry powder mixture to the dry water base material and stir it in a high-speed mixer at a speed of 500-10,000 rpm for 0.5-5 minutes to obtain a uniformly mixed composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent.

[0018] The method for preparing the composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent for fire extinguishing bombs as described above comprises the following steps: aWeigh according to the ratio; b. Dissolve excess diammonium phosphate in water, stir, and let stand for 30 minutes, then take the supernatant to obtain a saturated aqueous solution of diammonium phosphate; c. Stir and grind the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate through an ultrafine grinder for 10 minutes to obtain a dry powder mixture; d. Add hydrophobic silica to a saturated aqueous solution of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and stir in a high-speed stirrer at a speed of 500 to 10,000 rpm for 0.5 to 5 minutes to prepare a dry water base material; e. Add the dry powder mixture and the dry powder fire extinguishing agent into the dry water base material, stir in a high-speed mixer at a speed of 500-10000 rpm for 0.5-5 minutes to obtain a uniformly mixed composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. The SiO2 used in the present invention has undergone special surface treatment, and the resulting composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent has good anti-caking effect and is easy to store for a long time.

[0020] 2. The composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention has a high water content, which can reach up to 30%, and has good fire extinguishing effect and low cost.

[0021] 3. The present invention combines dry water with traditional fire extinguishing agents for the first time, giving full play to the advantages of the two fire extinguishing agents, and is particularly suitable for use in fire extinguishing bombs of new fire fighting equipment, with better effects.

[0022] 4. The raw materials of the present invention are simple, cheap and easy to obtain, and have good economic benefits.

[0023] 5. The manufacturing process of the present invention is simple, eliminating the time-consuming grinding process of ultrafine dry powder production, saving energy; at the same time, the fire extinguishing agent has good fluidity, is not easy to harden, has high fire extinguishing efficiency, can be applied to various fire extinguishing devices, especially to new fire extinguishing devices and fire extinguishing bombs, and has better fire extinguishing effect.

[0024] 6. When the composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention is used for extinguishing a fire, it not only reacts with the OH free radicals generated in the flame combustion reaction, but also the sprayed or scattered powder can evenly settle on the surface of the burning object to form a thin film, blocking the contact with oxygen and preventing the spread of the flame. At the same time, the evaporation of water in the dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent and the decomposition process of other components absorb a large amount of heat, effectively reducing the temperature of the fire scene, accelerating the fire extinguishing, having a high fire extinguishing efficiency, and being environmentally friendly.

[0025] 7. The composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention is used in combination with fire-fighting bombs. Since the composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent has a small powder density, the fire-fighting bomb body is light in weight (the weight is 40-50% lighter than the ultra-fine dry powder fire extinguishing agent fire-fighting bomb body) under the same volume and the same fire-fighting efficiency, which is convenient for firefighters in forests, grasslands, etc. to carry with them during long journeys and climbing, reducing the load, reducing physical energy consumption, and ensuring the personal safety of firefighters. At the same time, the composite dry water dry powder fire-fighting bomb has a faster fire-fighting effect, and a single bomb has a large fire-fighting area, which is especially suitable for grassland and forest fires, effectively reducing fire losses, suitable for large-scale promotion and use, and has a wide range of practical application prospects. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] A composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent for fire extinguishing bombs, the composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 5-10% of 100-3000 mesh hydrophobic silicon dioxide (SiO2), 10-30% of water, 60-85% of 100-300 mesh diammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) or one or more components of dry powder fire extinguishing agent, 0-3% of one or a mixture of talcum powder and aluminum hydroxide, and 0-5% of phosphoric acid.

[0027] The composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent can be composed of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 5~8% of 300~1000 mesh hydrophobic silica (SiO2), 16~26% of water, 75~78% of 150~300 mesh diammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) or one or more components of dry powder fire extinguishing agent, 1~2% of one or a mixture of talc and aluminum hydroxide, and 2~3% of phosphoric acid.

[0028] The composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent can also be composed of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 5% of 500-800 mesh hydrophobic silica (SiO2), 17% of water, 75% of 100-300 mesh diammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) or one or more components of dry powder fire extinguishing agent, 1% of one or a mixture of talcum powder and aluminum hydroxide, and 2% of phosphoric acid.

[0029] Preferably, the composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 10% 500 mesh hydrophobic silicon dioxide (SiO2), 20% saturated aqueous solution of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and 70% dry powder fire extinguishing agent.

[0030] It can also be preferred that the composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 5% of 500-800 mesh hydrophobic silicon dioxide (SiO2), 17% of water, 75% of 100-300 mesh diammonium phosphate, 1% of talc, and 2% of phosphoric acid.

[0031] Further preferably, the composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 7% of 500 mesh hydrophobic silicon dioxide (SiO2), 18% of water, and 75% of a mixture of diammonium phosphate and dry powder fire extinguishing agent.

[0032] The unit of mass in the present invention is g.

[0033] Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, aluminum hydroxide, etc. are all commercially available industrial chemical raw materials with a purity of ≥98%, phosphoric acid purity of ≥75%, and talc purity of ≥90%.

[0034] Silica SiO2: It is a hydrophobic silica with a surface hydrophobic treatment and a particle size of 100~3000 mesh.

[0035] The dry powder fire extinguishing agent is a commercially available dry powder fire extinguishing agent, preferably a commercially available ultra-fine dry powder fire extinguishing agent, and its diammonium phosphate content is ≥75%.

[0036] Water: tap water.

[0037] There are five methods for preparing the composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention: [First] A method for preparing a composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent for fire extinguishing bombs, comprising the following steps: ⑴Weigh according to the ratio; (2) Dissolve excess diammonium phosphate and phosphoric acid in water, stir, let stand for 30 minutes, and take the supernatant to obtain a saturated aqueous solution of diammonium phosphate; (3) Mixing and grinding ammonium dihydrogen phosphate with one or more components of ammonium polyphosphate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) or dry powder fire extinguishing agent by ultrafine grinding machine for 10 minutes to obtain a dry powder mixture; (4) Add hydrophobic silica to a saturated aqueous solution of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and stir in a high-speed stirrer at a speed of 500 to 10,000 rpm for 0.5 to 5 minutes (preferably 4,000 rpm for 2 minutes) to obtain a dry water base material; (5) Add talcum powder and aluminum hydroxide, a mixture of one or both, and a dry powder mixture to the dry water base material, stir in a high-speed mixer at a speed of 500-10,000 rpm for 0.5-5 minutes (preferably 4,000 rpm, stirring for 2 minutes), and mix well to obtain a composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent.

[0038] [Second] A method for preparing a composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent for fire extinguishing bombs, comprising the following steps: ①Weigh according to the ratio; ② Add one or more components of ammonium polyphosphate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) or phosphoric acid into water, stir and dissolve to obtain a mixed solution; ③ Add ammonium dihydrogen phosphate to the mixed solution, stir and grind it with an ultrafine grinder for 10 minutes to obtain a slurry solid-liquid mixture; ④ Mix the slurry solid-liquid mixture with hydrophobic silica, stir in a high-speed mixer at a speed of 500-10000 rpm for 0.5-3 minutes (preferably 4000 rpm, stirring for 2 minutes), then add one or more mixtures of talcum powder, aluminum hydroxide and dry powder fire extinguishing agent, continue stirring for 3 minutes, and after mixing evenly, the composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent is obtained.

[0039] [Third] A method for preparing a composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent for fire extinguishing bombs, comprising the following steps: S1 is weighed according to the proportion; S2: dissolving ammonium dihydrogen phosphate in water, stirring, standing for 30 minutes, and taking the supernatant to obtain a saturated aqueous solution of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate; S3: mixing hydrophobic silica with a saturated aqueous solution of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, adding the mixture into a high-speed mixer, and stirring for 2 minutes (4000 rpm) to obtain a dry water base material; Add dry powder fire extinguishing agent to S4 dry water base material, stir in a mixer (4000 rpm) for 3 minutes, and mix evenly to obtain the composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent.

[0040] [Fourth] A method for preparing a composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent for fire extinguishing bombs, comprising the following steps: ⅰWeigh according to the ratio; ii. Dissolve excess diammonium phosphate in water, stir, and let stand for 30 minutes, then take the supernatant to obtain a saturated aqueous solution of diammonium phosphate; ⅲ Mixing and grinding ammonium dihydrogen phosphate with one or more components of ammonium polyphosphate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) or dry powder fire extinguishing agent by ultrafine grinding machine for 10 minutes to obtain a dry powder mixture; ⅳ Add hydrophobic silica to a saturated aqueous solution of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and stir in a high-speed stirrer at a speed of 500 to 10,000 rpm for 0.5 to 5 minutes to obtain a dry water base material; ⅴ Add the dry powder mixture to the dry water base material, and stir in a high-speed mixer at a speed of 500-10,000 rpm for 0.5-5 minutes (preferably 4,000 rpm for 2 minutes) to obtain a uniformly mixed composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent.

[0041] [Fifth] A method for preparing a composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent for fire extinguishing bombs, comprising the following steps: aWeigh according to the ratio; b. Dissolve excess diammonium phosphate in water, stir, and let stand for 30 minutes, then take the supernatant to obtain a saturated aqueous solution of diammonium phosphate; c. Stir and grind the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate through an ultrafine grinder for 10 minutes to obtain a dry powder mixture; d. Add hydrophobic silica to a saturated aqueous solution of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and stir in a high-speed stirrer at a speed of 500 to 10,000 rpm for 0.5 to 5 minutes to prepare a dry water base material; e. Add the dry powder mixture and the dry powder fire extinguishing agent to the dry water base material, stir in a high-speed mixer at a speed of 500-10000 rpm for 0.5-5 minutes (preferably 4000 rpm, stirring for 2 minutes) to obtain a uniformly mixed composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent.

[0042] Working principle of the present invention: The water droplets in the dry water powder particles in the composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention are easier to reach the flame area than the traditional fine water mist. In addition, the core-shell structure fire extinguishing agent powder particles with a certain density can be quickly distributed and suspended in the flame area. In the flame, the dry water powder particles will be heated and the water inside will be released. The dry water particles are quickly dehydrated and the weight loss stops at about 140°C. During the dehydration process, due to the evaporation of water, a large endothermic peak appears, which effectively reduces the ignition point temperature. Therefore, the "water core" plays an important cooling role in extinguishing the fire. At the same time, the evaporated water forms a water vapor layer on the flame, which has an oxygen dilution effect and well suppresses the flame. The cooling effect and oxygen dilution effect of the water droplets can be fully exerted through the coating of SiO2. Although pure SiO2 particles cannot extinguish flames, their unique porous structure, nanometer size, and large specific surface area characteristics enable them to effectively capture free radicals in the flame and have a certain inhibitory effect on combustion. When combined with water to form particles with a core-shell structure, the fire extinguishing ability of the silicide is greatly improved, playing a synergistic role.

[0043] As the water in the dry water evaporates, the fire extinguishing components such as ammonium dihydrogen phosphate dissolved therein crystallize into fine crystals, and absorb heat in the flame with other dry powder fire extinguishing agents in the composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent, and are more easily decomposed to produce ammonia, phosphoric acid, nitrogen, etc., and finally generate P2O5, which plays a role in chemical suppression of fire extinguishing. Each step of the reaction is an endothermic reaction, which plays an effective cooling role; and the free ammonia and other species produced by the decomposition can react and combine with the OH free radicals produced in the flame combustion reaction, reduce and terminate the free radicals produced by the combustion reaction, and reduce the combustion reaction rate. When the concentration of free ammonia in the flame is high enough, the contact area with the flame is large enough, and the free radical termination rate is greater than the combustion reaction rate, the chain combustion reaction is terminated, causing the flame to be extinguished. At the same time, the silicon dioxide SiO2 and the like in the composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention will evenly settle on the surface of the combustible during the decomposition process, and a layer of glass-like film residue will be generated on the solid surface to cover the combustion surface. After cooling, a covering is formed to isolate the combustion surface from the air. When the covering reaches a certain thickness, it can prevent re-ignition.

[0044] Example 1 The weight percentages of the components of the composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent of this embodiment are: 10% hydrophobic silicon dioxide, 30% water, and 60% a mixture of diammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, and sodium bicarbonate. The specific preparation method is as follows: (1) Dissolve 10 g of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate in 30 g of water, stir and let stand for 30 minutes, then take the supernatant to obtain about 38 g of saturated aqueous solution A of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate; (2) 46 g of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 2 g of ammonium sulfate, 2 g of ammonium chloride and 2 g of sodium bicarbonate were stirred and crushed by an ultrafine grinder for 10 minutes to obtain 52 g of dry powder mixture B; ⑶ Mix 10 g of 800 mesh hydrophobic silica with 38 g of solution A, and stir for 2 minutes with a high-speed stirrer (4000 rpm) to obtain 48 g of dry water base material C; (4) Mix 48 g of dry water base material C and 52 g of dry powder mixture B in a high-speed mixer (4000 rpm) for 2 minutes to obtain a uniformly mixed composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent.

[0045] Example 2 The weight percentages of the components of the composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent of this embodiment are: 5% hydrophobic silicon dioxide, 15% water, 2% talcum powder, 1% aluminum hydroxide, 5% phosphoric acid, 72% mixture of diammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride and sodium bicarbonate. The specific preparation method is as follows: (1) Add 2g of ammonium polyphosphate, 2g of ammonium sulfate, 2g of ammonium chloride, 2g of sodium bicarbonate, and 5g of phosphoric acid to 15g of water, stir and dissolve, and prepare 28g of mixed solution A; (2) Add 64 g of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate to the above 28 g of mixed solution A, stir and grind for 10 minutes using an ultrafine grinder to obtain 92 g of a slurry solid-liquid mixture B; ⑶ Add 92g of the slurry solid-liquid mixture B and 5g of 500 mesh hydrophobic silica into a high-speed mixer, stir for 2 minutes at a stirring speed of 4000 rpm, then add 2g of 500 mesh talc and 1g of aluminum hydroxide, and continue stirring for 2 minutes to obtain a uniformly mixed composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent.

[0046] Example 3 The weight percentages of the components of the composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent in this embodiment are: 7% hydrophobic silicon dioxide, 18% water, 75% diammonium phosphate and ultrafine dry powder fire extinguishing agent mixture, and the specific preparation method is as follows: (1) Dissolve 10 g of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate in 18 g of water, stir and let stand for 30 minutes, then take the supernatant to obtain about 23 g of saturated aqueous solution A of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate; (2) 7 g of hydrophobic silica was mixed with 23 g of solution A, added to a high-speed mixer, and stirred for 2 minutes (4000 rpm) to obtain 30 g of dry water base material B; (3) Mix 30 g of dry water base material B with 70 g of ultrafine dry powder fire extinguishing agent, and stir in a blender (4000 rpm) for 3 minutes to obtain a composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent.

[0047] Example 4 The weight percentages of the components of the composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent in this embodiment are: 5% hydrophobic silicon dioxide, 10% water, and 85% diammonium phosphate. The specific preparation method is as follows: (1) Dissolve 5g of diammonium phosphate in 10g of water, stir and let stand for 30 minutes, then take the supernatant to obtain about 13g of saturated aqueous solution A of diammonium phosphate; (2) Stir and crush 82 g of diammonium phosphate by an ultrafine grinder for 10 minutes, and sieve to obtain diammonium phosphate fine powder B; ⑶ Mix 5 g of 800 mesh hydrophobic silica with 13 g of solution A, and stir for 2 minutes with a high-speed stirrer (4000 rpm) to obtain 18 g of dry water base material C; (4) Add 18 g of dry water base material C and 82 g of diammonium phosphate fine powder B into a high-speed mixer (4000 rpm) and stir for 2 minutes to obtain a uniformly mixed composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent.

[0048] Example 5 The weight percentages of the components of the composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent of this embodiment are: 5% hydrophobic silicon dioxide, 17% water, 1% talcum powder, 2% phosphoric acid, and 75% mixture of diammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride and sodium bicarbonate. The specific preparation method is as follows: (1) Dissolve 10g of diammonium phosphate and 2g of phosphoric acid in 17g of water, stir and let stand for 30 minutes, then take the supernatant to obtain about 24g of saturated aqueous solution A of diammonium phosphate; (2) 61 g of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 3 g of ammonium sulfate, 3 g of ammonium chloride and 3 g of sodium bicarbonate were stirred and crushed by an ultrafine grinder for 10 minutes to obtain 70 g of dry powder mixture B; ⑶ Mix 5 g of 800-mesh hydrophobic silica with 24 g of solution A, and stir for 2 minutes with a high-speed stirrer (4000 rpm) to obtain 29 g of dry water base material C; (4) Mix 29g of dry water base material C, 1g of 500 mesh talcum powder and 70g of dry powder mixture B in a high-speed mixer (4000 rpm) for 2 minutes to obtain a uniformly mixed composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent.

[0049] Example 6 The weight percentages of the components of the composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent in this embodiment are: 5% hydrophobic silicon dioxide, 17% water, 78% diammonium phosphate and ultrafine dry powder fire extinguishing agent mixture, and the specific preparation method is as follows: (1) Dissolve 10g of diammonium phosphate in 17g of water, stir and let stand for 30 minutes, then take the supernatant to obtain about 22g of saturated aqueous solution A of diammonium phosphate; (2) Stir and crush 23 g of diammonium phosphate by an ultrafine grinder for 10 minutes, and sieve to obtain diammonium phosphate fine powder B; ⑶ Mix 5g of 500-mesh hydrophobic silica with 22g of solution A, add to a high-speed mixer, and stir for 2 minutes (4000 rpm) to obtain 27g of dry water base C; (4) Mix 27g of dry water base material C, 23g of diammonium phosphate fine powder B and 50g of ultrafine dry powder fire extinguishing agent, and stir in a blender (4000 rpm) for 3 minutes to obtain a composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent.

[0050] The fire extinguishing time and the amount of fire extinguishing agent used of the composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent prepared by Examples 1 to 3 of the present invention are compared with the commercially available common dry powder fire extinguishing agent and ultrafine dry powder fire extinguishing agent. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0051] Table 1: Comparison of fire extinguishing time and amount of fire extinguishing agent between composite dry water powder fire extinguishing agent and ordinary and ultra-fine dry powder fire extinguishing agent It can be clearly seen from Table 1 that the fire extinguishing performance of the composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent is significantly better than the ordinary dry powder fire extinguishing agent on the market, and its performance is comparable to the ultra-fine dry powder fire extinguishing agent on the market, but its raw materials are widely available and easy to obtain, the preparation process is simple, and the production cost is lower.

[0052] The fire extinguishing performance of the fire extinguishing bombs loaded with the composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent prepared in Examples 1 to 3 of the present invention and the commercially available ultrafine dry powder fire extinguishing agent is compared. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0053] Table 2: Comparison of fire extinguishing performance between composite dry water powder fire extinguishing bomb and ultra-fine dry powder fire extinguishing bomb It can be seen from Table 2 that the fire extinguishing area of ​​the composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent fire extinguishing bomb is better than that of the ultra-fine dry powder fire extinguishing agent fire extinguishing bomb, indicating that the composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention has better fluidity, diffusivity and sedimentation. The fire extinguishing bombs of both fire extinguishing agents can completely extinguish the fire of wood sticks pouring oil, but under the same bomb body conditions, the loading amount of the composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent is only half of that of the ultra-fine dry powder, indicating that the composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent has a better fire extinguishing effect; under almost the same fire extinguishing performance, the composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent has a low powder bulk density and the bomb body mass is reduced by nearly 50%, which is convenient for firefighters to carry with them, reduce the weight, reduce physical energy consumption, and ensure the personal safety of firefighters.

[0054] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the inventive contents of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent for fire extinguishing bombs, characterized in that: The composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 5-10% of 100-3000 mesh hydrophobic silicon dioxide, 10-30% of water, 60-85% of 100-300 mesh diammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, sodium bicarbonate or one or more components of dry powder fire extinguishing agent, 0-3% of one or a mixture of talcum powder and aluminum hydroxide, and 0-5% of phosphoric acid.

2. A composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent for fire extinguishing bombs as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 5-8% of 300-1000 mesh hydrophobic silica, 16-26% of water, 75-78% of 150-300 mesh diammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, sodium bicarbonate or one or more components of a dry powder fire extinguishing agent, 1-2% of one or a mixture of talc and aluminum hydroxide, and 2-3% of phosphoric acid.

3. A composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent for fire extinguishing bombs as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 5% of 500-800 mesh hydrophobic silica, 17% of water, 75% of 100-300 mesh diammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, sodium bicarbonate or one or more components of a dry powder fire extinguishing agent, 1% of one or a mixture of talcum powder and aluminum hydroxide, and 2% of phosphoric acid.

4. A composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent for fire extinguishing bombs as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 7% of 500-mesh hydrophobic silica, 18% of water, and 75% of a mixture of diammonium phosphate and dry powder fire extinguishing agent.

5. The method for preparing a composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent for fire extinguishing bombs according to claim 1, comprising the following steps: ⑴Weigh according to the ratio; (2) Dissolve excess diammonium phosphate and phosphoric acid in water, stir, let stand for 30 minutes, and take the supernatant to obtain a saturated aqueous solution of diammonium phosphate; (3) Mixing and grinding diammonium phosphate and one or more components of ammonium polyphosphate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, sodium bicarbonate or dry powder fire extinguishing agent with an ultrafine grinder for 10 minutes to obtain a dry powder mixture; (4) Add hydrophobic silica to a saturated aqueous solution of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and stir in a high-speed mixer at a speed of 500 to 10,000 rpm for 0.5 to 5 minutes to obtain a dry water base material; ⑸ Add talcum powder and aluminum hydroxide, one or a mixture of the two, and a dry powder mixture to the dry water base material, stir in a high-speed mixer at a speed of 500-10,000 rpm for 0.5-5 minutes, and mix evenly to obtain a composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent.

6. A method for preparing a composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent for fire extinguishing bombs as claimed in claim 1, comprising the following steps: ①Weigh according to the ratio; ② Add one or more components of ammonium polyphosphate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, sodium bicarbonate or phosphoric acid into water, stir and dissolve to obtain a mixed solution; ③ Add ammonium dihydrogen phosphate to the mixed solution, stir and grind it with an ultrafine grinder for 10 minutes to obtain a slurry solid-liquid mixture; ④ Mix the slurry solid-liquid mixture with hydrophobic silica, stir in a high-speed mixer at a speed of 500-10,000 rpm for 0.5-3 minutes, then add one or more mixtures of talcum powder, aluminum hydroxide and dry powder fire extinguishing agent, continue stirring for 3 minutes, and after mixing evenly, the composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent is obtained.

7. A method for preparing a composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent for fire extinguishing bombs as claimed in claim 4, comprising the following steps: S1 is weighed according to the proportion; S2: dissolving ammonium dihydrogen phosphate in water, stirring, standing for 30 minutes, and taking the supernatant to obtain a saturated aqueous solution of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate; S3: mixing hydrophobic silica with a saturated aqueous solution of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, adding the mixture into a high-speed mixer, and stirring for 2 minutes to obtain a dry water base material; Add dry powder fire extinguishing agent to S4 dry water base material, stir in a mixer for 3 minutes, and mix evenly to obtain composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent.

8. A method for preparing a composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent for fire extinguishing bombs as claimed in claim 1, comprising the following steps: ⅰWeigh according to the ratio; ii. Dissolve excess diammonium phosphate in water, stir, and let stand for 30 minutes, then take the supernatant to obtain a saturated aqueous solution of diammonium phosphate; ⅲ Mixing and grinding ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and one or more components of ammonium polyphosphate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, sodium bicarbonate or dry powder fire extinguishing agent with an ultrafine grinder for 10 minutes to obtain a dry powder mixture; ⅳ Add hydrophobic silica to a saturated aqueous solution of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and stir in a high-speed stirrer at a speed of 500 to 10,000 rpm for 0.5 to 5 minutes to obtain a dry water base material; ⅴ Add the dry powder mixture to the dry water base material and stir it in a high-speed mixer at a speed of 500-10,000 rpm for 0.5-5 minutes to obtain a uniformly mixed composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent.

9. A method for preparing a composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent for fire extinguishing bombs as claimed in claim 1, comprising the following steps: aWeigh according to the ratio; b. Dissolve excess diammonium phosphate in water, stir, and let stand for 30 minutes, then take the supernatant to obtain a saturated aqueous solution of diammonium phosphate; c. Stir and grind the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate through an ultrafine grinder for 10 minutes to obtain a dry powder mixture; d. Add hydrophobic silica to a saturated aqueous solution of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and stir in a high-speed stirrer at a speed of 500 to 10,000 rpm for 0.5 to 5 minutes to prepare a dry water base material; e. Add the dry powder mixture and the dry powder fire extinguishing agent into the dry water base material, stir in a high-speed mixer at a speed of 500-10000 rpm for 0.5-5 minutes to obtain a uniformly mixed composite dry water dry powder fire extinguishing agent.

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