Garbage screening and crushing device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of garbage crushing treatment, in particular to a garbage screening and crushing device which comprises a machine shell, a tool apron and a roller body are arranged in the machine shell side by side, a first arc-shaped screen and a second arc-shaped screen are arranged below the roller body, and the first screen is located above the second screen. The end, close to the tool apron, of the second screen in the arc direction of the second screen is rotationally connected with the tool apron, and the second screen can be driven by the driving piece to rotate relative to the tool apron. The first screen can horizontally move in the direction parallel to the axis of the roller body relative to the second screen, an elastic reset piece is arranged between the first screen and the second screen, and a linkage assembly is arranged between the first screen and the machine shell. In the crushing working state, the second screen rotates upwards to be coaxial with the roller body, the first screen abuts against the machine shell through the linkage assembly, and meshes of the first screen and meshes of the second screen are arranged in a staggered mode. In the cleaning working state, the second screen rotates downwards to be not coaxial with the roller body, and meshes of the first screen coincide with meshes of the second screen in the radial direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of garbage crushing and processing, in particular to a garbage screening and crushing device. Background Art

[0002] Urban garbage (such as discarded packaging bags, kitchen waste) needs to be crushed and screened during the collection and processing process. A general crusher includes a roller body with knife teeth around it. The roller body and the knife teeth are used to crush the garbage into small pieces. The garbage with a particle size smaller than the set value is discharged from the crusher through the screen, and the large pieces of garbage continue to be crushed in the crusher. In the subsequent processing flow, the small pieces of garbage discharged from the crusher are compressed for subsequent processing.

[0003] In the related technical scheme, the crusher includes a knife seat, roller bodies are respectively provided on both sides of the knife seat, knife teeth are provided on the two roller bodies, and knife teeth are also provided on both sides of the knife seat. The upper end of the roller body rotates toward the knife seat, so that the two sets of knife teeth between the roller body and the knife seat are meshed with each other. The garbage is crushed from the meshing position between the roller body and the knife seat and then falls into the screen position below the roller body.

[0004] However, in the above technical solution, when too much garbage is dumped into the crusher, or a batch of garbage has a high water content and the material is difficult to crush, the garbage is likely to be blocked between the screen and the roller due to the excessive amount, or some garbage that is difficult to crush blocks the rotation of the roller. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a garbage screening and crushing device, which can solve at least one of the above technical problems.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, one or more embodiments of the present invention provide a garbage screening and crushing device, which has a crushing working state and a cleaning working state, including a casing, in which a knife seat and a roller body are arranged side by side, the knife seat and the roller body are both extended horizontally and both have knife teeth. An arc-shaped first screen and a second screen are arranged below the roller body, the first screen is above the second screen and supported by the second screen, and the inner arc surfaces of the two are respectively facing the roller body. The second screen is rotatably connected to the knife seat along its own arc end close to the knife seat, and the second screen can be driven by a driving member to rotate relative to the knife seat. The first screen can translate relative to the second screen in a direction parallel to the axis of the roller body. An elastic reset member is provided between the first screen and the second screen, and a linkage assembly is provided between the first screen and the casing.

[0007] In the crushing working state, the second screen rotates upward to be coaxial with the roller body, the first screen is concentric with the second screen and fits, the first screen and the housing are abutted through the linkage assembly, and the linkage assembly pushes the first screen to move in a direction parallel to the axis of the roller body until it is staggered with the mesh of the second screen. In the cleaning working state, the second screen rotates downward to be coaxial with the roller body, and the linkage assembly of the first screen and the housing is disengaged. The elastic reset member drives the first screen to move in a direction parallel to the axis of the roller body until it coincides with the mesh of the second screen in the radial direction.

[0008] The beneficial effects of one or more of the above technical solutions are: In this solution, one end of the second screen is rotatably connected to the knife holder, and the second screen can drive the first screen to rotate relative to the knife holder to change the spacing between the first screen and the second screen and the roller body, and an elastic reset member and a linkage assembly are provided between the first screen and the second screen. At this time, it is convenient to make the garbage crushing device have a crushing working state and a cleaning working state. In the crushing working state, the second screen can drive the first screen to rotate upward, thereby making the first screen and the second screen coaxial with the roller body, so that the gap space size between the first screen and the roller body meets the design requirements, and at this time, the first screen is driven by the linkage assembly and moves horizontally relative to the second screen, so that the meshes of the two screens are staggered, which is convenient for defining a smaller screening mesh diameter.

[0009] In the cleaning working state, the second screen rotates downward to be coaxial with the roller body, and the first screen and the housing are abutted by the linkage assembly. At this time, the second screen can be driven by the linkage assembly of the first screen to move horizontally, so that the meshes of the first screen and the second screen overlap radially. This setting method is convenient for increasing the spacing and space size between the first screen and the roller body, changing the relative position of the garbage above the first screen and the teeth on the roller body, eliminating the blockage between the roller body and the first screen, and at this time, the screening mesh diameter defined by the first screen and the second screen becomes larger, so that some larger garbage blocks are first screened and then separated from the crusher, which helps to quickly reduce the amount of garbage in the first screen and is convenient for eliminating the blockage of garbage between the first screen and the roller body.

[0010] In this embodiment, when the first screen and the second screen are rotated downward, a gap is formed between the first screen, the second screen and the casing, so that it is convenient to clean out unbreakable garbage such as stones from the gap using external tools. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 It is a schematic axial view of the overall structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is an axial schematic diagram of the overall structure in another viewing direction in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3is a schematic diagram of the overall structure in the embodiment of the present invention in a crushing working state; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of part A in the middle; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure in a cleaning working state according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the first screen rotating relative to the second screen in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of part B in the middle; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention in which the side plate and the second screen are removed to expose the first screen; Fig. 9 yes Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure enlargement of the middle C part; Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of the first screen and the second screen in a crushing working state according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the first screen and the second screen in the cleaning working state according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0012] In the figure, 1, casing; 2, working chamber; 3, roller body; 301, first tooth; 4, knife seat; 401, second tooth; 5, screen assembly; 6, push rod; 7, second screen; 701, second electromagnet; 8, first screen; 801, first electromagnet; 802, mounting groove; 803, elastic member; 804, first inclined plane; 101, second inclined plane; 9, bracket; 10, rotating shaft; 11, elastic reset member; 12, screen hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of the present solution, the present invention is described in detail below through specific implementation methods and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0014] See also Figure 1-Figure 11A typical embodiment of the present invention provides a garbage screening and crushing device, including a housing 1, in which a knife seat 4 and a roller body 3 are arranged side by side, the knife seat 4 and the roller body 3 are both extended horizontally and have knife teeth respectively. An arc-shaped first screen 8 and a second screen 7 are arranged below the roller body 3, and the first screen 8 is supported by the second screen 7. The first screen 8 is above the second screen 7, and the inner arc surfaces of the two are respectively facing the roller body 3. The second screen 7 is rotatably connected to the knife seat 4 along its own arc direction close to the knife seat 4, and the second screen 7 can be driven by a driving member to rotate relative to the knife seat 4. The first screen 8 is fitted with the second screen 7, and the first screen 8 can move horizontally relative to the second screen 7 in a direction parallel to the axis of the roller body 3. An elastic reset member 11 is provided between the first screen 8 and the second screen 7, and a linkage assembly is provided between the first screen 8 and the housing 1. The screening and crushing device has a crushing working state and a cleaning working state.

[0015] In this embodiment, the garbage screening and crushing device includes a first direction and a second direction which are horizontal and perpendicular to each other, wherein the first direction is the width direction of the crusher and the second direction is the length direction of the crusher. The blade holder 4 and the roller body 3 described below can extend along the second direction respectively.

[0016] Specifically, the casing 1 includes a frame body and a plurality of outer shell plates. The frame body is a frame structure. The outer shell plates are fixed to the frame body by welding or bolting, so as to enclose the internal space of the casing 1.

[0017] In this embodiment, the crushing working state of the garbage screening and crushing device refers to: the garbage is not blocked above the first screen 8, and there are no stones or other difficult-to-crush garbage on the first screen 8, that is, the garbage screening and crushing device is in a normal working state at this time. Correspondingly, the cleaning working state refers to: when the garbage is blocked between the first screen 8 and the roller body 3, or there are stones or other difficult-to-crush garbage causing abnormal noise in the crusher, the working state of solving the abnormal working condition by changing the positions of the first screen 8 and the second screen 7.

[0018] Specifically, the outer arc surface of the first screen 8 and the inner arc surface of the second screen 7 have the same arc, so that the first screen 8 and the second screen 7 can fit together. More specifically, the first screen 8 and the second screen 7 respectively have sides for enclosing an arc-shaped contour, and the sides are filled with mesh plates. At this time, the second screen 7 is rotatably connected to the knife seat 4 through the side of its edge through a pin shaft.

[0019] In the crushing working state, the second screen 7 rotates upward to be coaxial with the roller body 3, and the first screen 8 and the housing 1 are abutted through the linkage assembly, and the linkage assembly pushes the first screen 8 to move in a direction parallel to the axis of the roller body 3 until it is staggered with the mesh of the second screen 7. Specifically, a limit plate (not shown in the figure) is provided on the inner side wall of the housing 1, and the lower end of the limit plate is used to stop and limit the first screen 8 rotating upward. More specifically, here, the end of the first screen 8 away from the knife seat 4 along its own arc stops with the lower end of the limit plate.

[0020] It can be known that in the crushing working state, the first screen 8 and the second screen 7 are combined to form a screen assembly 5, the mesh of which is formed by the staggered arrangement of the meshes of the first screen 8 and the second screen 7, and the mesh 12 of the screen assembly 5 is smaller than the mesh diameters of the first screen 8 and the second screen 7, respectively, so that the crushing assembly provides a more refined screening function. At this time, the second screen 7 and the outer peripheral surface of the roller body 3 enclose an arc-shaped gap space, which is used to accommodate garbage, and the blade teeth of the outer ring of the roller body 3 rotate and cut the garbage from the gap space.

[0021] In the cleaning working state, the second screen 7 rotates downward to be coaxial with the roller body 3, and the second screen 7 no longer provides an upward thrust to the first screen 8, and the first screen 8 also moves downward, and then the linkage assembly between the first screen 8 and the housing 1 is disengaged. The elastic reset member 11 drives the first screen 8 to translate in a direction parallel to the axis of the roller body 3 until it coincides with the mesh of the second screen 7 in the radial direction.

[0022] Specifically, when the second screen 7 rotates downward, the first screen 8 rotates downward synchronously. At this time, the end of the first screen 8 away from the knife seat 4 is out of contact with the above-mentioned limit plate, and the linkage assembly between the first screen 8 and the housing 1 is also out of contact, and then the linkage assembly no longer provides the first screen 8 with a limiting thrust. At this time, the first screen 8 moves in a second direction (i.e., parallel to the axial direction of the roller body 3) under the action of the elastic reset member 11, so that the meshes of the first screen 8 and the second screen 7 are aligned, and the diameter of the screen hole 12 of the entire screen assembly 5 becomes larger. When the diameter of the screen hole 12 in the screen assembly 5 becomes larger, garbage slightly larger than the set particle size can be made to fall out of the crusher first, alleviating the garbage blockage at the first screen 8 in the crusher, and facilitating the roller body 3 in the crusher to continue to rotate to crush the garbage.

[0023] In this embodiment, the linkage assembly includes a first inclined surface 804 and a second inclined surface 101. The first inclined surface 804 is arranged at one end of the first screen 8 along its own axial direction, and the second inclined surface 101 is arranged on the inner wall of the casing 1. The fit between the first inclined surface 804 and the second inclined surface 101 can push the first screen 8 to move horizontally relative to the second screen 7.

[0024] Specifically, the first inclined surface 804 and the second inclined surface 101 are both parallel to the first direction. As a specific structural form, the first inclined surface 804 is arranged on the end surface of the first screen 8 .

[0025] In order to better form the linkage assembly, in this embodiment, a first stopper can be provided on the first screen 8, and a second stopper can be provided on the inner wall of the housing 1, wherein the first stopper has a first inclined surface 804, and the second stopper has a second inclined surface 101. In some other embodiments, the first inclined surface is directly formed by removing part of the structure from the end of the first screen 8, and the second inclined surface is provided by a stopper provided on the inner wall of the housing.

[0026] In this embodiment, an electromagnetic adsorption component and an elastic component 803 are provided between the first screen 8 and the second screen 7 on the side away from the knife seat 4, and the first screen 8 and the second screen 7 are rotatably connected through a rotating shaft 10 and a bracket 9 on the side close to the knife seat 4. One of the first screen 8 and the second screen 7 is fixed to the rotating shaft 10, and a stop plate is provided on the rotating shaft 10, and an elastic reset component 11 is provided between the stop plate and the bracket 9.

[0027] The first screen 8 and the second screen 7 have a fitted state and a separated state. In the fitted state, the electromagnetic adsorption component is energized and the elastic component 803 is compressed. In the separated state, the electromagnetic adsorption component is de-energized, the elastic component 803 rebounds, and the first screen 8 rotates relative to the second screen 7 at a set angle.

[0028] Specifically, the electromagnetic adsorption member includes a first electromagnet 801 disposed in a groove on the outer wall of the first screen 8 and a second electromagnet 701 disposed in a groove on the inner wall of the second screen 7. In addition, the elastic member 803 is disposed in a mounting groove 802 on the outer wall of the first screen 8. Or the elastic member 803 is disposed in a mounting groove on the inner wall of the second screen 7. When the electromagnetic adsorption member is powered on, the first electromagnet 801 and the second electromagnet 701 attract each other, thereby adsorbing the first screen 8 onto the second screen 7.

[0029] In order to ensure that the first screen 8 and the second screen 7 are coaxial and mutually attracted, the first electromagnet 801 and the second electromagnet 701 here are evenly protruded outward, and the elastic member 803 is also received in the corresponding installation groove 802.

[0030] When the electromagnetic adsorption element is powered off, the elastic force of the elastic element 803 drives the first screen 8 away from the second screen 7. When the electromagnetic adsorption element is intermittently powered on and off, the first screen 8 can achieve the effect of vibrating and screening relative to the second screen 7, increasing the probability of large-size garbage falling directly from the first screen 8 and the second screen 7 after screening, which is conducive to alleviating the blockage of garbage in the first screen 8.

[0031] In this embodiment, the elastic member 803 is fixed to one of the first screen 8 and the second screen 7 and abuts against the other one.

[0032] As a specific structural form, the above-mentioned mounting groove 802 is arranged on the inner arc side surface of the second screen 7, one end of the elastic member 803 is fixed to the bottom surface of the mounting groove 802, and the other end of the elastic member 803 can extend out of the mounting groove 802 to abut against the outer arc side surface of the first screen 8. It can be known that this arrangement of the elastic member 803 can provide elastic force while preventing it from hindering the translation of the first screen 8 relative to the second screen 7.

[0033] In this embodiment, the housing 1 has a working chamber 2 with upper and lower ends opened respectively, and a roller body 3 is provided on both sides of the knife seat 4 along the first direction.

[0034] At this time, the knife seat 4 is provided with a row of first knife teeth 301 on both sides along the first direction, and the outer ring of the crushing roller is provided with a plurality of rows of second knife teeth 401 arranged in a spiral shape. More specifically, the blade teeth on the blade holder 4 and the roller body 3 are arranged alternately in a direction parallel to the axis of the roller body 3, and the helix angles of the blade teeth in each row arranged in a spiral on the outer circumferential side of the roller body 3 are the same.

[0035] In this embodiment, in the crushing working state, the gap between the blade teeth on the outer periphery of the roller body 3 and the inner arc surface of the first screen 8 is less than the set value a; in the cleaning working state, the gap between the blade teeth on the outer periphery of the roller body 3 and the inner arc surface of the first screen 8 is greater than the set value b, where a is less than b.

[0036] Specifically, a here can be 5mm-15mm, and b here can be 50mm-200mm.

[0037] In this embodiment, the driving member is a retractable push rod 6, the end of the second screen 7 away from the knife seat 4 along its own arc is rotatably connected to the lower end of the push rod 6, and the upper end of the push rod 6 is rotatably connected to the casing 1.

[0038] Specifically, the push rod 6 here is a hydraulic push rod, which includes a cylinder body and a piston rod. The piston rod extends obliquely downward, and the end of the piston rod is rotatably connected to the end of the second screen 7 away from the knife seat 4. The end of the cylinder body extends obliquely upward and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the casing 1.

[0039] Specifically, there are multiple push rods 6 , and the multiple push rods 6 are arranged in sequence along a direction parallel to the axis of the roller body 3 .

[0040] Working principle: When there is no clogging in the crushing device and there is no difficult-to-crush garbage, the entire crushing device is in a crushing working state, the second screen 7 rotates upward to be coaxial with the roller body 3, and the first screen 8 and the second screen 7 are coaxial and fit. The first screen 8 and the housing 1 are abutted by a linkage assembly, and the linkage assembly pushes the first screen 8 to move in a direction parallel to the axis of the roller body 3 until it is staggered with the mesh of the second screen 7.

[0041] When garbage is blocked in the crusher or garbage is difficult to crush, the crushing device enters the cleaning working state, and the second screen 7 rotates downward to be coaxial with the roller body 3. The second screen 7 no longer presses the first screen 8 upward. The linkage assembly of the first screen 8 and the housing 1 is out of contact. The elastic reset member 11 drives the first screen 8 to move in a direction parallel to the axis of the roller body 3 until it overlaps with the mesh of the second screen 7 in the radial direction.

[0042] The above specific implementation manner cannot be used as a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, any substitution, improvement or change made to the implementation manner of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0043] The matters not described in detail in the present invention are all known technologies to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A garbage screening and crushing device, which has a crushing working state and a cleaning working state, characterized in that: It comprises a casing, in which a knife seat and a roller body are arranged side by side, the knife seat and the roller body are both extended horizontally and both have knife teeth; A first arc-shaped screen and a second arc-shaped screen are provided below the roller body, the first screen is located above the second screen and supported by the second screen, and the inner arc surfaces of the first screen and the second screen face the roller body respectively; The second screen is rotatably connected to the knife seat along its arc-shaped end close to the knife seat, and the second screen can be driven by the driving member to rotate relative to the knife seat; the first screen can translate relative to the second screen in a direction parallel to the axis of the roller body; an elastic reset member is provided between the first screen and the second screen, and a linkage assembly is provided between the first screen and the housing; In the crushing working state, the second screen rotates upward to be coaxial with the roller body, the first screen is concentric with and fits with the second screen, the first screen and the casing are abutted by a linkage assembly, and the linkage assembly pushes the first screen to move in a direction parallel to the axis of the roller body until it is staggered with the mesh of the second screen; In the cleaning working state, the second screen rotates downward to be coaxial with the roller body, and the linkage assembly of the first screen and the casing is disengaged; the elastic reset member drives the first screen to translate in a direction parallel to the axis of the roller body until it radially overlaps with the mesh of the second screen.

2. The garbage screening and crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An electromagnetic adsorption member and an elastic member are provided between the first screen and the second screen on a side away from the knife seat, the first screen and the second screen are rotatably connected through a rotating shaft and a bracket on a side close to the knife seat, one of the first screen and the second screen is fixed to the rotating shaft, a stop plate is provided on the rotating shaft, and the elastic reset member is provided between the stop plate and the bracket; The first screen and the second screen have a fitted state and a separated state. In the fitted state, the electromagnetic adsorption component is energized and the elastic component is compressed; in the separated state, the electromagnetic adsorption component is de-energized, the elastic component rebounds, and the first screen is rotated upward by a set angle relative to the second screen.

3. The garbage screening and crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic member is fixed to one of the first screen and the second screen, and abuts against the other one.

4. The garbage screening and crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linkage assembly includes a first inclined surface and a second inclined surface, wherein the first inclined surface is arranged at one end of the first screen along its own axial direction, and the second inclined surface is arranged on the inner wall of the casing, and the fitting of the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface can push the first screen to move relative to the second screen.

5. The garbage screening and crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing has a working chamber with open ends at the upper and lower ends, the working chamber has a first direction that is horizontal and vertical to the axial direction of the roller body, and a roller body is provided on both sides of the knife seat along the first direction.

6. The garbage screening and crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The knife teeth on the knife seat and the roller body are arranged alternately in a direction parallel to the axis of the roller body, and the knife teeth on the outer circular side of the roller body are distributed in a spiral manner.

7. The garbage screening and crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the crushing working state, the gap between the blade teeth on the outer periphery of the roller body and the inner arc surface of the first screen is less than the set value a; in the cleaning working state, the gap between the blade teeth on the outer periphery of the roller body and the inner arc surface of the first screen is greater than the set value b, where a is less than b.

8. The garbage screening and crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving member is a retractable push rod, the end of the second screen away from the knife seat along its own arc is rotatably connected to the lower end of the push rod, and the upper end of the push rod is rotatably connected to the casing.

9. The garbage screening and crushing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: There are multiple push rods, which are arranged in sequence along a direction parallel to the axis of the roller body.

10. The garbage screening and crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side wall of the casing is provided with a limit plate, and the limit plate is used to stop with the first screen to achieve the limit of the second screen rotating upward to the crushing working state.

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