Bag-in-bag household garbage dry sorting treatment method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of garbage recycling treatment, in particular to a bag-in-bag household garbage dry type sorting treatment method which comprises the following steps that a garbage bag containing garbage is separated from internal garbage; feeding the bag-removed garbage into a hooking vibration sorting machine to obtain components capable of being hooked and components incapable of being hooked; the garbage which cannot be hooked is fed into a reciprocating puncture sorting machine, and puncturable objects and non-puncturable objects are obtained; feeding the non-puncturable object into a horizontal winnowing machine to obtain a light component and a heavy component; feeding the heavy component into a magnetic separator to obtain a magnetic substance and a non-magnetic substance; and light components, puncturable garbage, hook components and external garbage bags are crushed, plasticized and recycled. According to the method, high purity of various components can be ensured through multi-stage sorting, the recycling value of resources is improved, dry sorting is adopted in the sorting process, consumption of water resources is reduced, and efficient classification and resource utilization of garbage are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of waste recycling and treatment, and in particular to a "bag-in-bag" dry sorting and treatment method for domestic waste. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, the amount of domestic waste has increased dramatically, and waste classification and resource utilization have become urgent needs. The multi-component complexity of urban domestic waste is a major challenge faced by existing technologies. Domestic waste is usually composed of multiple components such as plastic, paper, metal, glass, and fabric. The physical properties of each component are significantly different. Traditional treatment processes cannot effectively separate these components, resulting in waste of resources, especially in the treatment of "bag-in-bag" waste. It is difficult to efficiently separate the various mixed components in the outer bag and the garbage.

[0003] The existing waste treatment process faces multiple technical bottlenecks and is difficult to meet the increasingly complex waste treatment needs. At present, the resource utilization rate of "bag-in-bag" domestic waste is low, the water resource consumption in the treatment process is large, the wastewater treatment is difficult, the waste composition is complex, it is difficult to finely sort, the energy utilization efficiency is low and the treatment cost is high. Existing equipment is often unable to complete this bag removal step without selectively destroying the garbage bag. As a result, the outer bag and the internal garbage components are mixed together and cannot be effectively sorted, thereby reducing the utilization rate and purity of resources. In addition, existing domestic waste treatment technologies, especially wet sorting, require a large amount of water for garbage separation and cleaning. Although wet sorting can improve sorting efficiency in some scenarios, its high water resource consumption and wastewater treatment requirements bring environmental and economic burdens. The wastewater treatment process is also relatively complicated and requires additional energy and technical investment. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve one of the problems existing in the background technology.

[0005] To this end, the present invention provides a "bag-in-bag" domestic waste dry sorting and processing method.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0007] A "bag-in-bag" domestic waste dry sorting and processing method comprises the following steps:

[0008] Separate garbage bags containing trash from the trash inside;

[0009] The un-bagged garbage is sent to the hook vibrating separator to obtain the hookable components and the non-hooking components;

[0010] Feed the non-hookable garbage into the reciprocating piercing sorting machine to obtain pierceable objects and non-pierceable objects;

[0011] The non-pierceable material is fed into a horizontal air separator to obtain light components and heavy components;

[0012] The recombinant fraction is fed into a magnetic separator to obtain magnetic and non-magnetic substances;

[0013] Light components, puncturable garbage, hookable components and external garbage bags are crushed, plasticized and recycled.

[0014] Furthermore, after obtaining the hangable components, the hangable components are fed into a photoelectric sorting machine, and the bag-in-bag garbage and recyclable garbage of paper and fabric are obtained by using photoelectric technology and image shooting.

[0015] Furthermore, the recyclable waste products of paper and fabric are fed into an extrusion granulator after being crushed for plasticization and recycling.

[0016] Furthermore, the pierceable object is dried by a drying and dehydrating machine, then crushed and fed into an extrusion granulator for plasticization and recovery.

[0017] Furthermore, the light components and the external garbage bags are crushed and fed into a hot melt plasticizing granulator to be pyrolyzed and plasticized into recycled plastic particles.

[0018] Furthermore, the non-magnetic material is fed into an eddy current separator, and non-ferrous metals and glass are separated based on the eddy current effect.

[0019] Furthermore, the thermal decomposition and plasticization temperature of the hot melt plasticizing granulator is 120°C to 300°C.

[0020] Furthermore, the working pressure of the extrusion granulator is 0.5MPa to 2MPa.

[0021] Furthermore, the thermal drying temperature of the drying and dehydrating machine is 70° C. to 100° C., and the drying time is 10 min to 20 min.

[0022] Furthermore, the wind speed of the drying and dehydrating machine is 0.3m / s to 2m / s.

[0023] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the "bag-in-bag" domestic waste dry sorting and processing system in this application has a high degree of automation and adopts a variety of automated equipment, including automatic bag removing machines, photoelectric identification equipment, vibration sorting machines, etc., to achieve a high degree of automation in the waste treatment process, reduce manual intervention, and improve the overall processing efficiency. Through automated operation, it is possible to ensure the rapid separation and processing of various components, greatly reduce labor costs and processing time, and improve the economic benefits of waste treatment.

[0024] The setting of hook vibration sorting machine, photoelectric sorting machine, horizontal air separator, magnetic separator and eddy current sorting machine can cope with the complex and diverse components in domestic waste. Through the multi-level and multi-step sorting process, it can effectively separate the different characteristics of garbage, which is suitable for the sorting and resource processing of garbage with various components such as plastic, metal, glass, paper and fabric. Therefore, this process has extremely high adaptability and can be widely used in various types of domestic waste treatment scenarios. In this application, the full-process dry sorting method reduces water resource consumption and wastewater treatment through the setting of a drying and dehydrating machine, thereby reducing the production cost of the whole process.

[0025] This application sorts the garbage layer by layer, and the purity of each component product obtained is high. After the mixed domestic garbage enters the sorting process, the PE plastic bags in the mixed garbage are first quickly recovered by the automatic bag removing machine, ensuring that the recycled plastic particles have high purity; the RDF fuel rods prepared from puncturable objects such as paper / fabric obtained by photoelectric sorting and dried and dehydrated fruit and vegetable peels effectively ensure the purity and high calorific value of the prepared RDF fuel rods; after wind sorting, magnetic sorting, and eddy current sorting, the differences in physical properties between materials are fully utilized to effectively ensure the purity of the non-puncturable hard plastics, iron objects, glass, and non-ferrous metals obtained, and the whole process realizes the refined sorting of mixed garbage, ensuring the high purity of the sorted products.

[0026] Garbage is turned into treasure, the utilization rate of garbage resources is high, and the resource utilization of each component is effectively realized, reducing resource waste and harm to the environment. After being processed by this process, plastics such as PE, PET, PVC, PP and PS are converted into recycled plastic particles, and high calorific value materials such as paper, fabrics and fruit and vegetable peels are converted into RDF fuel rods. Magnetic materials such as iron products, glass, and non-ferrous metals can be recycled as secondary resources and have certain economic value. The present invention completely realizes the harmlessness, reduction and resource utilization of garbage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the implementation process of the "bag-in-bag" domestic waste dry sorting and treatment method of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the drying efficiency under different wind speed conditions in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, which only illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and therefore only show the components related to the present invention.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] A "bag-in-bag" domestic waste dry sorting and processing system includes a large-angle stepping elevator, an automatic bag removing machine, a hook vibration sorting machine, a reciprocating piercing sorting machine, a horizontal air separator, a magnetic separator, a No. 1 crusher, a No. 2 crusher, a hot melt plasticizing granulator, and an extrusion granulator.

[0034] The discharge port of the large-angle stepping elevator is connected to the feed port of the automatic bagging machine. The automatic bagging machine is provided with two outlets, one is connected to the hook vibration sorting machine, and the other is connected to the No. 1 crusher, and the No. 1 crusher is connected to the hot melt plasticizing granulator.

[0035] The hook vibration sorter is also equipped with two outlets, one connected to the photoelectric sorter and the other connected to the reciprocating puncture sorter. The photoelectric sorter is equipped with two outlets, one connected to the feed port of the automatic bag remover, and the other connected to the No. 2 crusher, which is connected to the extrusion granulator. The reciprocating puncture sorter is equipped with two outlets, one connected to the No. 2 crusher through the drying and dehydrating machine, and the other connected to the horizontal air separator. The two outlets of the horizontal air separator are respectively connected to the eddy current separator and the No. 1 crusher through the magnetic separator.

[0036] A "bag-in-bag" domestic waste dry sorting and processing process comprises the following steps:

[0037] S1 feeding

[0038] The original "bag in bag" domestic garbage is fed into the automatic bag remover through the high-angle step-type elevator equipment, so that the outer bags of the garbage are separated from the garbage and the separated outer bags are fed into the No. 1 crusher. The operating frequency of the high-angle step-type elevator is automatically matched with the amount of domestic garbage input, thereby avoiding the problem of garbage accumulation or low system processing efficiency in subsequent equipment.

[0039] S2 Sorting

[0040] S2.1 The garbage after unpacking is sent to the hook vibrating separator to obtain hookable components and non-hookable components. It should be noted that the hookable components are bag-in-bag garbage, paper and fabric, and the non-hookable components are metal, glass, ceramics, melon and fruit peels and slag.

[0041] S2.2 The recyclable components separated in step S2.1 are fed into an optoelectronic sorting machine, which uses optoelectronic technology and image capture to distinguish bag-in-bag garbage from recyclable garbage such as paper and fabric based on information such as pixel distribution, brightness, and color;

[0042] The bag-in-bag garbage is returned to the automatic bag removing machine described in step S2.1, and the bag removing and sorting are repeated;

[0043] Recyclable waste such as paper and fabric goes into shredder No. 2.

[0044] S2.3 The garbage can be hooked into a reciprocating piercing sorting machine to obtain pierceable objects and non-pierceable objects.

[0045] Among them, the non-pierceable objects are fed into the horizontal air separator, and the light and heavy components in the domestic waste are obtained by adjusting the air volume, wind speed and suspension wind speed; the light components are fed into No. 1 crusher, and the heavy components are fed into the magnetic separator to obtain magnetic and non-magnetic materials; the non-magnetic materials are fed into the eddy current separator, and based on the eddy current effect, non-ferrous metals, glass, slag and other materials are sorted out.

[0046] S3 Drying

[0047] The pierceable material obtained in step S2.3 is fed into a drying and dehydrating machine, and after being completely dried by the drying and dehydrating machine, it is fed into a No. 2 pulverizer.

[0048] It should be noted that the thermal drying temperature of the drying and dehydrating machine is 70℃~100℃, the wind speed is 0.3m / s~2m / s, the drying time is 10min~20min, and the drying and dehydrating process is automatically matched with the flow rate of domestic waste.

[0049] Refer to the table below for a density of 20kg / m 2 The garbage is dried.

[0050] Table 1 Test data of thermal drying of domestic waste using dehydration dryer

[0051]

[0052]

[0053] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a data chart of drying the same mass of garbage at different wind speeds under the same working conditions. With the increase of wind speed, the drying rate of shredded garbage accelerates. When the moisture content is 10%, it takes 18 minutes at a wind speed of 0.3m / s. After the wind speed reaches 0.9m / s, the wind speed has little effect on the drying speed of the garbage. In summary, it is recommended to use the hot air drying technology route of 90℃ and 0.9m / s to dry the garbage.

[0054] S4 Smash

[0055] The sorted garbage is crushed by crusher No. 1 and crusher No. 2 respectively.

[0056] S4 Material Recycling

[0057] The No. 1 crusher is fed into the hot melt plasticizing granulator, and is pyrolyzed and plasticized into recycled plastic particles under high temperature. The pyrolysis and plasticization temperature in the hot melt plasticizing granulator is 120℃~300℃; the product of the No. 2 crusher is fed into the extrusion granulator. The working pressure of the extrusion granulator is 0.5MPa~2MPa. The extrusion granulator re-arranges the solid waste particles, eliminates the gaps between the materials, and obtains RDF fuel rods.

[0058] Based on the above ideal embodiments of the present invention, the relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention through the above description. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A "bag-in-bag" domestic waste dry sorting and treatment method, characterized in that: The following steps are included: Separate garbage bags containing trash from the trash inside; The un-bagged garbage is sent to the hook vibrating separator to obtain the hookable components and the non-hooking components; Feed the non-hookable garbage into the reciprocating piercing sorting machine to obtain pierceable objects and non-pierceable objects; The non-pierceable material is fed into a horizontal air separator to obtain light components and heavy components; The recombinant fraction is fed into a magnetic separator to obtain magnetic and non-magnetic substances; Light components, puncturable garbage, hookable components and external garbage bags are crushed, plasticized and recycled.

2. The "bag-in-bag" domestic waste dry sorting and processing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: After obtaining the hangable components, the hangable components are fed into a photoelectric sorting machine, and the bag-in-bag garbage and recyclable garbage of paper and fabric are obtained by using photoelectric technology and image shooting.

3. The "bag-in-bag" domestic waste dry sorting and processing method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The recyclable waste products of paper and fabric are fed into an extrusion granulator after being crushed for plasticization and recycling.

4. The "bag-in-bag" domestic waste dry sorting and processing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pierceable material is dried by a drying and dehydrating machine, then crushed and fed into an extrusion granulator for plasticization and recovery.

5. The "bag-in-bag" domestic waste dry sorting and processing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The light components and the external garbage bags are crushed and fed into a hot melt plasticizing granulator to be pyrolyzed and plasticized into recycled plastic particles.

6. The "bag-in-bag" domestic waste dry sorting and processing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The non-magnetic material is fed into an eddy current separator, and non-ferrous metals and glass are separated based on the eddy current effect.

7. The "bag-in-bag" domestic waste dry sorting and processing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The thermal decomposition and plasticization temperature of the hot melt plasticizing granulator is 120°C to 300°C.

8. The "bag-in-bag" domestic waste dry sorting and processing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The working pressure of the extrusion granulator is 0.5MPa-2MPa.

9. The "bag-in-bag" domestic waste dry sorting and processing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The thermal drying temperature of the drying and dehydrating machine is 70° C. to 100° C., and the drying time is 10 min to 20 min.

10. The "bag-in-bag" domestic waste dry sorting and processing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The wind speed of the drying and dehydrating machine is 0.3m / s to 2m / s.

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