Self-adaptive metal plate high-precision cutting tool and method

Abstract

The self-adaptive metal plate high-precision cutting tool comprises an outer frame, a base and a cutting platform, the base is arranged at the bottom of the outer frame, adjustable supporting legs are installed at the bottom of the base, a groove is formed in the upper end face of the base, the cutting platform is installed in the groove, and a supporting assembly is installed between the lower end face of the cutting platform and the bottom wall of the groove. Clamping assemblies are further installed on the two sides of the cutting platform correspondingly, a metal plate is placed on the cutting platform, a high-precision laser scanner and an image recognition sensor are installed on the inner top wall of the outer frame, and a cutting head is further installed above the cutting platform. The universality and the application range of the tool are greatly improved; the whole cutting process is high in automation degree, manual intervention and adjustment time are reduced, the cutting efficiency is improved by more than 30% compared with a traditional tool, the production cost is effectively reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of metal plate processing, and in particular to an adaptive high-precision cutting tool and method for metal plates. Background Art

[0002] In the metal sheet processing industry, with the continuous development of the manufacturing industry, the requirements for metal sheet cutting accuracy and efficiency are increasing. Traditional metal sheet cutting tools often have many limitations when facing metal sheets of different thicknesses, materials and shapes. For example, the positioning and clamping devices of some cutting tools lack flexibility and are difficult to adapt to a variety of plates, which causes the plates to easily move during the cutting process, seriously affecting the cutting accuracy; and the cutting parameters of traditional tools are difficult to adjust according to the real-time status of the plate, and it is impossible to guarantee high-precision cutting under different working conditions. In addition, traditional cutting methods are inefficient and difficult to meet the needs of large-scale production. Therefore, it is necessary to design an adaptive high-precision metal sheet cutting tool. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides an adaptive high-precision metal sheet cutting tool and method to solve the problems of poor adaptability, low cutting accuracy and low efficiency of metal sheet cutting tool in the prior art, and realizes the ability to automatically identify the characteristics of metal sheets, automatically adjust cutting parameters and tool structure, and achieve high-precision and high-efficiency cutting of different metal sheets.

[0004] The present invention provides an adaptive high-precision metal plate cutting tool, comprising an outer frame, a base and a cutting platform;

[0005] A base is arranged at the bottom of the outer frame;

[0006] Adjustable supporting feet are installed at the bottom of the base;

[0007] The upper end surface of the base is provided with a groove, a cutting platform is installed in the groove, and a support component is installed between the lower end surface of the cutting platform and the bottom wall of the groove;

[0008] Clamping assemblies are also installed on both sides of the cutting platform, and a metal plate is placed on the cutting platform;

[0009] A high-precision laser scanner and an image recognition sensor are installed on the inner top wall of the outer frame, and a cutting head is also installed above the cutting platform.

[0010] Preferably, the clamping assembly consists of a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic cylinder and a clamping claw, the hydraulic pump is installed on the outer wall of the outer frame, the tail end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the inner side of the outer frame, the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the clamping claw, and the hydraulic pump is connected to the hydraulic cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, the support assembly includes a support block and an elastic rubber column, the bottom end of the elastic rubber column is fixed to the bottom wall of the groove, the top end of the elastic rubber column is connected to the support block, and the support block is fixed to the lower end surface of the cutting platform.

[0012] Preferably, the high-precision laser scanner and image recognition sensor are respectively arranged on both sides of the inner top wall of the outer frame. The high-precision laser scanner is used to quickly obtain the outer shape contour and thickness physical parameters of the metal plate, and the image recognition sensor analyzes and identifies the texture and material characteristics of the plate surface.

[0013] Preferably, the cutting head adopts a high-power laser cutting head or a high-precision plasma cutting head. The cutting head has a high-precision motion control system, which can achieve micron-level positioning accuracy and ensure the accuracy of the cutting line.

[0014] Preferably, a control panel is also installed on the outer wall of the outer frame, a touch screen is installed on the surface of the control panel, a PLC controller is installed inside the control panel, and the PLC controller is respectively connected to a hydraulic pump, a high-precision laser scanner, an image recognition sensor and a cutting head.

[0015] Preferably, a method for using an adaptive high-precision metal sheet cutting tool comprises the following steps:

[0016] A. Place the metal sheet on the cutting platform. The laser scanner and image recognition sensor will perform all-round scanning and analysis on the sheet to obtain the sheet's profile, thickness, and material information, and transmit the data to the PLC controller.

[0017] B. The PLC controller controls the operation of the hydraulic pump based on the data obtained in the plate characteristic identification step, and then controls the extension and retraction distance of the hydraulic cylinder, adjusts the clamping force, and ensures that the plate is firm and stable;

[0018] C. Then the PLC controller controls the cutting head to cut according to the set cutting path and parameters. During the cutting process, the sensor on the cutting head monitors the cutting status in real time, such as cutting temperature, cutting speed, and plate vibration parameters, and feeds the data back to the PLC controller. Once an abnormal parameter is detected, the system immediately adjusts the cutting parameters to ensure the smooth progress of the cutting process.

[0019] Preferably, the PLC controller processes the image as follows:

[0020] a. The image sensor captures the surface of the metal sheet placed on the cutting platform from multiple angles;

[0021] b. Then the image is preprocessed. First, grayscale processing is performed to convert the color image into a grayscale image to simplify the subsequent calculation process; then the Gaussian filter algorithm is used to denoise the grayscale image to remove random noise in the image and make the image smoother; then, the contrast of the image is enhanced through the histogram equalization method to make the details in the image clearer and improve the image recognition;

[0022] c. Then, the scale-invariant feature transformation algorithm is used to extract the key points and descriptors in the image. The scale-invariant feature has the advantages of scale invariance, rotation invariance and illumination invariance, and can accurately describe the characteristics of the image under different shooting conditions;

[0023] d. Input the extracted features into the pre-trained support vector machine classifier for classification and recognition. In the recognition stage, the image features of the plate to be identified are input into the trained SVM classifier. The classifier determines the material type of the plate based on the learned feature pattern.

[0024] Beneficial effects:

[0025] (1) The present invention has a novel structural design and can automatically identify and adapt to metal plates of different thicknesses, materials and shapes, greatly improving the versatility and applicability of the tooling.

[0026] (2) The entire cutting process of the present invention has a high degree of automation, which reduces manual intervention and adjustment time, and the cutting efficiency is increased by more than 30% compared with traditional tooling, effectively reducing production costs and improving production efficiency. (3) The clamping assembly used in the present invention adjusts the telescopic distance of the hydraulic cylinder by controlling the power of the hydraulic pump.

[0027] Therefore, plates of different sizes can be clamped and fixed adaptively, thereby improving the plate processing efficiency.

[0028] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the embodiment of the present invention, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the embodiment of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a control principle block diagram of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 It is the work flow chart of the present invention;

[0033] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: outer frame 1, base 2, cutting platform 3, adjustable supporting feet 4, groove 5, metal plate 6, high-precision laser scanner 7, image recognition sensor 8, cutting head 9, hydraulic pump 10, hydraulic cylinder 11, clamp 12, supporting block 13, elastic rubber column 14, control panel 15, touch screen 16, PLC controller 17. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs; the terms used in the specification of the application herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification, claims and accompanying drawings of the present invention are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0036] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The appearance of the phrase "embodiments" in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0037] The directional words appearing in the following description are all directions shown in the drawings, and do not limit the specific structure of the present invention. For example, in the description of the present invention, the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0038] In addition, the expressions of indicated directions such as the X direction, the Y direction, and the Z direction used to illustrate the operation and construction of the components of the present embodiment are not absolute but relative, and although these indications are appropriate when the components are in the positions shown in the figures, when these positions change, these directions should be interpreted differently to correspond to the changes.

[0039] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present invention or the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects rather than to describe a specific order, and may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, the "connection" or "connection" of a mechanical structure may refer to a physical connection. For example, the physical connection may be a fixed connection, such as a fixed connection through a fixing member, such as a fixed connection through a screw, bolt or other fixing member; the physical connection may also be a detachable connection, such as a mutual snap-on or snap-fit ​​connection; the physical connection may also be an integral connection, such as a connection formed by welding, bonding or integral molding. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0041] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0042] See also Figure 1-Figure 3 , the present invention discloses an adaptive high-precision metal sheet cutting tool, comprising an outer frame 1, a base 2 and a cutting platform 3;

[0043] A base 2 is provided at the bottom of the outer frame 1;

[0044] An adjustable support foot 4 is installed at the bottom of the base 2;

[0045] The upper end surface of the base 2 is provided with a groove 5, the cutting platform 3 is installed in the groove 5, and a support component is installed between the lower end surface of the cutting platform 3 and the bottom wall of the groove 4;

[0046] Clamping components are also installed on both sides of the cutting platform 3, and a metal plate 6 is placed on the cutting platform 3;

[0047] A high-precision laser scanner 7 and an image recognition sensor 8 are installed on the inner top wall of the outer frame 1 , and a cutting head 9 is also installed above the cutting platform 3 .

[0048] In the present invention, the clamping assembly is composed of a hydraulic pump 10, a hydraulic cylinder 11 and a clamping claw 12. The hydraulic pump 10 is installed on the outer wall of the outer frame 1, the tail end of the hydraulic cylinder 11 is fixed to the inner side of the outer frame 1, the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 11 is connected to the clamping claw 12, and the hydraulic pump 10 is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 11. The clamping assembly used in the present invention can adaptively clamp and fix plates of different sizes by controlling the power of the hydraulic pump and adjusting the telescopic distance of the hydraulic cylinder, thereby improving the plate processing efficiency.

[0049] In the present invention, the support assembly includes a support block 13 and an elastic rubber column 14, the bottom end of the elastic rubber column 14 is fixed to the bottom wall of the groove 4, the top end of the elastic rubber column 14 is connected to the support block 13, and the support block 13 is fixed to the lower end surface of the cutting platform 3. The support assembly can ensure the stability of the plate when cutting.

[0050] In the present invention, the high-precision laser scanner 7 and the image recognition sensor 8 are respectively arranged on both sides of the inner top wall of the outer frame 1. The high-precision laser scanner is used to quickly obtain the outer contour and thickness physical parameters of the metal plate, and the image recognition sensor analyzes and identifies the texture and material characteristics of the plate surface. Through the data fusion of the two, the tooling can accurately determine the position and characteristics of the plate, providing an accurate data basis for subsequent cutting operations.

[0051] In the present invention, the cutting head adopts a high-power laser cutting head or a high-precision plasma cutting head. The cutting head has a high-precision motion control system, which can achieve micron-level positioning accuracy and ensure the accuracy of the cutting line. The cutting head is installed on a slide that can move along the X, Y, and Z axes. The slide is composed of a high-precision linear guide and a ball screw, and is driven by a servo motor to achieve micron-level positioning accuracy. The cutting head is equipped with a high-power laser cutting head or a high-precision plasma cutting head, which can be replaced according to different plate materials and cutting requirements. The cutting head also integrates a cooling system and a gas supply system. The cooling system cools the cutting head through circulating water to ensure the normal operation of the cutting head in a high temperature environment; the gas supply system provides suitable cutting gas, such as oxygen, nitrogen, etc., according to the cutting process requirements.

[0052] In addition, in the present invention, a control panel 15 is also installed on the outer wall of the outer frame 1, a touch screen 16 is installed on the surface of the control panel 15, a PLC controller 17 is installed inside the control panel 15, and the PLC controller 17 is respectively connected to the hydraulic pump 10, the high-precision laser scanner 7, the image recognition sensor 8 and the cutting head 9.

[0053] Working principle: A method for using an adaptive high-precision metal sheet cutting tool comprises the following steps:

[0054] A. Place the metal sheet on the cutting platform. The laser scanner and image recognition sensor will perform all-round scanning and analysis on the sheet to obtain the sheet's profile, thickness, and material information, and transmit the data to the PLC controller.

[0055] B. The PLC controller controls the operation of the hydraulic pump based on the data obtained in the plate characteristic identification step, and then controls the extension and retraction distance of the hydraulic cylinder, adjusts the clamping force, and ensures that the plate is firm and stable;

[0056] C. Then the PLC controller controls the cutting head to cut according to the set cutting path and parameters. During the cutting process, the sensor on the cutting head monitors the cutting status in real time, such as cutting temperature, cutting speed, and plate vibration parameters, and feeds the data back to the PLC controller. Once an abnormal parameter is detected, the system immediately adjusts the cutting parameters to ensure the smooth progress of the cutting process.

[0057] The high-precision laser scanner is installed on a mechanical arm that can move along the X and Y axes. The mechanical arm is driven by a servo motor and has a positioning accuracy of ±0.01mm. The transmitting end and the receiving end of the laser scanner are set opposite to each other, which can quickly obtain the contour information of the plate surface. The image recognition sensor is fixed on a rotatable bracket, located at a suitable position above the plate, and can rotate 360 ​​degrees to fully capture the texture and material characteristics of the plate surface. Through the data transmission line, the data obtained by both are transmitted to the central control system of the tooling in real time. After the cutting is completed, the quality of the cut plate is inspected by high-precision measuring equipment, such as dimensional accuracy and cut flatness. If the test results do not meet the requirements, the PLC controller automatically analyzes the reasons based on the test data, and adjusts the cutting parameters and tooling structure accordingly, and then performs secondary cutting until satisfactory cutting quality is achieved. The PLC controller automatically analyzes the causes that may cause quality problems based on the quality test results using data analysis algorithms. If the quality problem is caused by improper cutting parameters, such as uneven cuts caused by cutting too fast, the system will re-optimize the cutting parameters and record the adjusted parameters in the cutting process database so that the optimized parameters can be used directly next time similar plates are encountered; if the problem is caused by unstable clamping or insufficient support of the tooling, the system will make corresponding adjustments to the adaptive clamping and support mechanism.

[0058] In addition, in the present invention, the PLC controller processes the image as follows:

[0059] a. The image sensor captures the surface of the metal sheet placed on the cutting platform from multiple angles;

[0060] b. Then the image is preprocessed. First, grayscale processing is performed to convert the color image into a grayscale image to simplify the subsequent calculation process; then the Gaussian filter algorithm is used to denoise the grayscale image to remove random noise in the image and make the image smoother; then, the contrast of the image is enhanced through the histogram equalization method to make the details in the image clearer and improve the image recognition;

[0061] c. Then, the scale-invariant feature transformation algorithm is used to extract the key points and descriptors in the image. The scale-invariant feature has the advantages of scale invariance, rotation invariance and illumination invariance, and can accurately describe the characteristics of the image under different shooting conditions;

[0062] d. Input the extracted features into the pre-trained support vector machine classifier for classification and recognition. In the recognition stage, the image features of the plate to be identified are input into the trained SVM classifier. The classifier determines the material type of the plate based on the learned feature pattern.

[0063] In order to ensure the accuracy of the recognition results, the classification recognition results are verified. By comparing with the results of other detection methods (such as spectral analysis, etc.), or performing multiple recognitions on the same plate, the consistency and reliability of the recognition results are verified. If the recognition results are questionable or inaccurate, more image data will be collected, and image preprocessing, feature extraction and classification recognition will be re-performed until accurate and reliable results are obtained. At the same time, the recognition results are fed back to the PLC controller as an important basis for subsequent adaptive adjustment and cutting parameter optimization.

[0064] To sum up, the present invention has a novel structural design and can automatically identify and adapt to metal plates of different thicknesses, materials and shapes, greatly improving the versatility and applicability of the tooling; the entire cutting process of the present invention has a high degree of automation, which reduces manual intervention and adjustment time, and the cutting efficiency is increased by more than 30% compared with traditional tooling, effectively reducing production costs and improving production efficiency.

[0065] As described above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features thereof may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive high-precision metal sheet cutting tool, characterized in that: It comprises an outer frame (1), a base (2) and a cutting platform (3); A base (2) is provided at the bottom of the outer frame (1); An adjustable support foot (4) is installed at the bottom of the base (2); The upper end surface of the base (2) is provided with a groove (5), a cutting platform (3) is installed in the groove (5), and a support component is installed between the lower end surface of the cutting platform (3) and the bottom wall of the groove (4); Clamping components are also installed on both sides of the cutting platform (3), and a metal plate (6) is placed on the cutting platform (3); A high-precision laser scanner (7) and an image recognition sensor (8) are installed on the inner top wall of the outer frame (1), and a cutting head (9) is also installed above the cutting platform (3).

2. The self-adaptive high-precision metal sheet cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping assembly is composed of a hydraulic pump (10), a hydraulic cylinder (11) and a clamping claw (12); the hydraulic pump (10) is installed on the outer wall of the outer frame (1); the tail end of the hydraulic cylinder (11) is fixed on the inner side of the outer frame (1); the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder (11) is connected to the clamping claw (12); and the hydraulic pump (10) is connected to the hydraulic cylinder (11).

3. The self-adaptive high-precision metal sheet cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support assembly comprises a support block (13) and an elastic rubber column (14); the bottom end of the elastic rubber column (14) is fixed to the bottom wall of the groove (4); the top end of the elastic rubber column (14) is connected to the support block (13); and the support block (13) is fixed to the lower end surface of the cutting platform (3).

4. The self-adaptive high-precision metal sheet cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-precision laser scanner (7) and the image recognition sensor (8) are respectively arranged on both sides of the inner top wall of the outer frame (1); the high-precision laser scanner is used to quickly obtain the outer contour and thickness physical parameters of the metal plate, and the image recognition sensor is used to analyze and identify the texture and material characteristics of the plate surface.

5. The self-adaptive high-precision metal sheet cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting head adopts a high-power laser cutting head or a high-precision plasma cutting head. The cutting head has a high-precision motion control system, which can achieve micron-level positioning accuracy and ensure the accuracy of the cutting line.

6. The self-adaptive high-precision metal sheet cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A control panel (15) is also installed on the outer wall of the outer frame (1), a touch screen (16) is installed on the surface of the control panel (15), a PLC controller (17) is installed inside the control panel (15), and the PLC controller (17) is respectively connected to a hydraulic pump (10), a high-precision laser scanner (7), an image recognition sensor (8) and a cutting head (9).

7. A method for using the self-adaptive high-precision metal sheet cutting tool as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The method of use includes the following steps: A. Place the metal sheet on the cutting platform. The laser scanner and image recognition sensor will perform all-round scanning and analysis on the sheet to obtain the sheet's profile, thickness, and material information, and transmit the data to the PLC controller. B. The PLC controller controls the operation of the hydraulic pump based on the data obtained in the plate characteristic identification step, and then controls the extension and retraction distance of the hydraulic cylinder, adjusts the clamping force, and ensures that the plate is firm and stable; C. Then the PLC controller controls the cutting head to cut according to the set cutting path and parameters. During the cutting process, the sensor on the cutting head monitors the cutting status in real time, such as cutting temperature, cutting speed, and plate vibration parameters, and feeds the data back to the PLC controller. Once an abnormal parameter is detected, the system immediately adjusts the cutting parameters to ensure the smooth progress of the cutting process.

8. The method for using the adaptive high-precision metal sheet cutting tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The PLC controller processes the image as follows: a. The image sensor captures the surface of the metal sheet placed on the cutting platform from multiple angles; b. Then the image is preprocessed. First, grayscale processing is performed to convert the color image into a grayscale image to simplify the subsequent calculation process; then the Gaussian filter algorithm is used to denoise the grayscale image to remove random noise in the image and make the image smoother; then, the contrast of the image is enhanced through the histogram equalization method to make the details in the image clearer and improve the image recognition; c. Then, the scale-invariant feature transformation algorithm is used to extract the key points and descriptors in the image. The scale-invariant feature has the advantages of scale invariance, rotation invariance and illumination invariance, and can accurately describe the characteristics of the image under different shooting conditions; d. Input the extracted features into the pre-trained support vector machine classifier for classification and recognition. In the recognition stage, the image features of the plate to be identified are input into the trained SVM classifier. The classifier determines the material type of the plate based on the learned feature pattern.

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