Automatic dismounting and mounting device and method for driving disc for wheel set shaft end driving

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of rail transit mechanical equipment, and particularly discloses an automatic dismounting and mounting device for a driving disc for wheel set shaft end driving. The riding wheel lifting mechanism and the stop block are arranged in front of the base, the linear guide rail sliding block pair is arranged above the base, the upper portion of the linear guide rail sliding block pair is connected with a driving disc disassembling and assembling clamp, the bottom of the driving disc disassembling and assembling clamp is connected with a first oil cylinder, and a visual alignment device is arranged at the top of the driving disc disassembling and assembling clamp; the first oil cylinder drives the drive disc dismounting clamp to advance and retreat. The invention further discloses an operation method suitable for the automatic dismounting and mounting device for the driving disc for driving the wheel set shaft end, the operation method comprises ten steps, the lifting mechanism, the visual alignment device and the ingeniously-designed driving disc dismounting and mounting clamp are integrated, automatic mounting and dismounting of the driving disc for driving the wheel set shaft end are achieved, and the working efficiency is improved. The device has the advantages of high automation degree, simplicity and convenience in operation, high efficiency and the like, and can effectively improve the wheel pair turning repair efficiency of the shaft end driven wheel lathe.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of rail transportation mechanical equipment, and specifically relates to an automatic disassembly and assembly device of a driving disc for driving a wheel set shaft end and a disassembly and assembly method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Wheel lathes are special machine tools commonly used for turning and repairing train wheelsets. CN201921227367.1 provides a shaft-end driven wheel lathe, and CN201921226372.0 provides a drive disc for the shaft end drive of the wheelset. Wheel lathes that adopt shaft end drive have the advantages of high processing accuracy, reliable positioning, and stable clamping force. However, when currently using shaft end driven wheel lathes to process wheelsets, it is necessary to manually install the two drive discs at the ends of the wheelset shafts before processing, and manually remove the two drive discs at the ends of the wheelset shafts after processing. The efficiency of manual disassembly and assembly of the drive discs is low, and it can only meet the needs of sporadic and small batch production. In order to give full play to the processing capacity of wheel lathes and meet the needs of automated and efficient production, there is an urgent need for an automatic disassembly and assembly device for the drive disc for the shaft end drive of the wheelset. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to overcome the shortcomings in the background technology, the first purpose of the present invention is to provide an automatic disassembly and assembly device for a driving disk for driving the wheelset axle end, and the technical solution adopted is: an automatic disassembly and assembly device for a driving disk for driving the wheelset axle end, comprising a base, a supporting wheel lifting mechanism arranged in front of the base, a stop block, a linear guide slider pair arranged above the base, a driving disk disassembly and assembly fixture connected to the top of the linear guide slider pair, a first oil cylinder connected to the bottom of the driving disk disassembly and assembly fixture, and a visual alignment device is provided on the top of the driving disk disassembly and assembly fixture; the first oil cylinder drives the driving disk disassembly and assembly fixture to move forward and backward.

[0004] Furthermore, the drive disk disassembly and assembly fixture includes a mounting bracket, a servo tightening shaft, a spacing adjustment mechanism and a guide positioning rod. Three groups of servo tightening shafts are installed in the mounting bracket and are evenly distributed around the circumference, and the diameter of the evenly distributed circle is limited by the spacing adjustment mechanism. A sleeve is installed at the front end of each servo tightening shaft, and three guide positioning rods are evenly installed at the front end of the mounting bracket and are evenly distributed around the circumference. The drive disk is limited by the guide positioning rods, and three bolts are evenly installed along the circumference inside the drive disk. The bolts are opposite to the sleeves, and the hexagonal head of each bolt can be covered by the corresponding sleeve.

[0005] Furthermore, the first oil cylinder is fixed in the base, the piston rod of the first oil cylinder is connected to the mounting bracket, and the first oil cylinder can drive the drive disc disassembly and assembly fixture forward and backward through the piston rod.

[0006] Furthermore, the visual alignment device includes a mounting plate, a second oil cylinder and a mounting seat arranged at the front end of the mounting plate, and a visual sensor arranged at the front end of the mounting seat; one end of the mounting plate is connected to the top end of the driving disk disassembly and assembly fixture, and a through hole is arranged in the middle of the other end, and guide holes are arranged on both sides of the through hole. The mounting seat is arranged directly below the end of the mounting plate, and the piston rod of the second oil cylinder passes through the through hole and is connected in the middle of the mounting seat. A guide rod is arranged in the guide hole, and the guide rod can slide up and down relative to the mounting plate. The second oil cylinder can drive the mounting seat to move up and down within the length range of the guide rod.

[0007] Furthermore, the roller lifting mechanism includes a roller base, a third oil cylinder, a roller frame, a lifting guide rod, a driving roller, a reduction servo motor and a driven roller. The roller base is fixed to the base by bolts. The third oil cylinder is installed in the middle of the roller base. The top of the piston rod of the third oil cylinder is connected to the roller frame. Two lifting guide rods are also installed on both sides of the lower part of the roller frame. Driven by the third oil cylinder, the lifting guide rod can slide up and down in the guide hole set on the roller base; the upper part of the roller frame is supported by bearings, and a driven roller and a driving roller are also installed, wherein the driving roller is directly connected to the power output shaft of the reduction servo motor.

[0008] A second object of the present invention is to provide an automatic disassembly and assembly device for a drive disc for driving the axle end of any of the above-mentioned wheels, comprising the following steps: S10: The wheelset rolls along the track under the transportation of the conveying or pushing device to the automatic disassembly and assembly station of the driving disc and stops. At this time, the stop block restricts the inner side of the wheel of the wheelset so that the wheelset will not deviate axially; S20: The third oil cylinder drives the active roller and the driven roller to rise. After the active roller and the driven roller contact the outer circle of the shaft end, the wheelset is lifted to a specified height as a whole. At this time, the center axis of the wheelset is horizontally aligned with the center axis of the driving disc in the driving disc disassembly and assembly fixture on both sides; S30: The piston rod of the second oil cylinder extends to drive the mounting seat to descend, and the visual sensor then descends to a position directly opposite to the center axis of the wheelset; S40: The visual sensor takes a picture of the shaft end face, determines the current phase angle position of the shaft end threaded hole through a digital image processing algorithm, and calculates the angle difference required to rotate the shaft end threaded hole back to the correct position; S50: According to the angle difference calculated in the previous step, the deceleration servo motor drives the active roller and drives the wheelset to rotate by the angle difference until the phase angles of the threaded holes at the three shaft ends are aligned with the three bolts respectively; S60: The visual sensor takes another photo of the shaft end face to verify that the phase angle of the threaded hole at the shaft end has been aligned. The piston rod of the second oil cylinder retracts, driving the mounting seat to rise, and the visual sensor returns to its original position. S70: The piston rod of the first oil cylinder extends to push the drive plate disassembly and assembly fixture forward, so that the guide section of the front section of the bolt enters the threaded hole at the shaft end, and at the same time, the inner end surface of the drive plate contacts the end surface of the wheelset shaft end; S80: Each servo tightening shaft drives each sleeve to rotate at a constant torque, and simultaneously tightens each bolt into the threaded hole at the shaft end until the drive disc is fastened to the shaft end of the wheelset; S90: The piston rod of the first oil cylinder retracts, pulling the drive plate disassembly and assembly fixture backward, so that the drive plate is separated from the guide positioning rod, and the drive plate is connected to the wheelset as a whole, completing the automatic installation of the drive plate for driving the wheelset shaft end; S100: The third oil cylinder drives the active roller and the driven roller to descend, and the wheelset is then lowered as a whole until it contacts the track. At the same time, the active roller and the driven roller are also separated from the outer circles of the shaft ends at both ends of the wheelset, and the wheelset is transported away along the track by the conveying or pushing device.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention integrates a lifting mechanism, a visual alignment device and an ingeniously designed drive disc assembly and disassembly fixture, and realizes the automatic installation and disassembly of the drive disc for the wheelset axle end drive. It has the advantages of high degree of automation, simple operation, high efficiency, etc. It can effectively improve the efficiency of turning and repairing wheelsets on axle end drive wheel lathes, give full play to the processing capacity of axle end drive wheel lathes, and is suitable for automated medium and large-scale production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 It is an overall stereoscopic view of an automatic disassembly and assembly device for a drive disc for driving a wheel set shaft end of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a partial right oblique stereoscopic view of an automatic disassembly and assembly device for a driving disc for driving axle ends of a wheelset according to the present invention; Figure 3 It is a partial left oblique stereoscopic view of an automatic disassembly and assembly device for a driving disc for driving a wheel set shaft end of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional diagram of a supporting wheel lifting mechanism in an automatic disassembly and assembly device for a driving disc for driving axle ends of a wheelset according to the present invention; Figure 5 The present invention is a stereoscopic diagram of a drive disc disassembly and assembly fixture in an automatic disassembly and assembly device for a drive disc for driving a wheelset shaft end.

[0011] : 1. wheelset; 2. track; 3. stop block; 4. roller lifting mechanism; 41. roller base; 42. third oil cylinder; 43. roller frame; 44. lifting guide rod; 45. active roller; 46. reduction servo motor; 47. driven roller; 5. drive disk disassembly and assembly fixture; 51. mounting bracket; 52. servo tightening shaft; 53. spacing adjustment mechanism; 54. guide positioning rod; 55. sleeve; 56. drive disk; 57. bolt; 6. base; 7. linear guide slider pair; 8. first oil cylinder; 9. mounting plate; 10. second oil cylinder; 11. mounting seat; 12. visual sensor; 101. shaft end outer circle; 102. shaft end end face; 103. shaft end threaded hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0013] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides an automatic disassembly and assembly device for a driving disk for driving axle ends of a wheelset, comprising a base 6, a supporting wheel lifting mechanism 4 arranged in front of the base 6, a stop block 3, a linear guide slider pair 7 arranged above the base 6, a driving disk disassembly and assembly fixture 5 connected to the top of the linear guide slider pair 7, a first oil cylinder 8 connected to the bottom of the driving disk disassembly and assembly fixture 5, and a visual alignment device provided on the top of the driving disk disassembly and assembly fixture 5; the first oil cylinder 8 drives the driving disk disassembly and assembly fixture 5 to move forward and backward.

[0014] In the working state, the stopper block 3 is centrally symmetrically arranged against the inner side of the track 2; the automatic disassembly and assembly device for the drive disc for the wheel set shaft end is centrally symmetrically arranged on the outer side of the track 2. The base 6 is fixed to the ground on the outer side of the track 2 by adjusting the shim and bolts.

[0015] Furthermore, if Figure 5 As shown, the drive disk disassembly and assembly fixture 5 includes a mounting bracket 51, a servo tightening shaft 52, a spacing adjustment mechanism 53 and a guide positioning rod 54. Three groups of servo tightening shafts 52 are installed in the mounting bracket 51 and are evenly distributed around the circumference, and the diameter of the evenly distributed circle is limited by the spacing adjustment mechanism 53. A sleeve 55 is installed at the front end of each servo tightening shaft 52. Three guide positioning rods 54 are also evenly distributed around the circumference at the front end of the mounting bracket 51. The drive disk 56 is limited by the guide positioning rod 54. Three bolts 57 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the drive disk 56. The bolts 57 are opposite to the sleeves 55. The hexagonal head of each bolt 57 is covered by the corresponding sleeve 55.

[0016] Furthermore, the first oil cylinder 8 is fixed in the base 6, and the piston rod of the first oil cylinder 8 is connected to the mounting bracket 51, specifically connected to the mounting seat at the bottom of the mounting bracket 51, such as Figure 4 As shown, the first oil cylinder 8 can drive the drive disc disassembly and assembly fixture 5 forward and backward through the piston rod.

[0017] Furthermore, if Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the visual alignment device includes a mounting plate 9, a second oil cylinder 10 and a mounting seat 11 arranged at the front end of the mounting plate 9, and a visual sensor 12 arranged at the front end of the mounting seat 11. One end of the mounting plate 9 is connected to the top end of the drive disk disassembly fixture 5, and a through hole is arranged in the middle of the other end, and guide holes are arranged on both sides of the through hole. The mounting seat 11 is arranged just below the end of the mounting plate 9, and the piston rod of the second oil cylinder 10 passes through the through hole and is connected in the middle of the mounting seat 11. A guide rod is arranged in the guide hole, and the guide rod can slide up and down relative to the mounting plate 9. Therefore, the second oil cylinder 10 can drive the mounting seat 11 to move up and down within the length range of the guide rod.

[0018] Furthermore, if Figure 4 As shown, the roller lifting mechanism 4 includes a roller base 41, a third oil cylinder 42, a roller frame 43, a lifting guide rod 44, a driving roller 45, a reduction servo motor 46 and a driven roller 47. The roller base 41 is fixed to the base 6 by bolts. The third oil cylinder 42 is installed in the middle of the roller base 41. The top of the piston rod of the third oil cylinder 42 is connected to the roller frame 43. Two lifting guide rods 44 are also installed on both sides of the lower part of the roller frame 43. Driven by the third oil cylinder 42, the lifting guide rod 44 can slide up and down in the guide hole set on the roller base 41; the upper part of the roller frame 43 is supported by bearings, and a driven roller 47 and a driving roller 45 are also installed, wherein the driving roller 45 is directly connected to the power output shaft of the reduction servo motor 46; the surfaces of the driving roller 45 and the driven roller 47 are coated with materials such as hard rubber or nylon.

[0019] A method for automatically disassembling and assembling a drive disc for driving a wheel set shaft end, which is applicable to any of the above-mentioned automatic disassembling and assembling devices for driving a wheel set shaft end, comprises the following steps: S10: The wheelset 1 rolls along the track 2 under the transportation of the conveying or pushing device and stops when it reaches the automatic disassembly and assembly station of the driving disc. At this time, the stop block 3 limits the inner side of the wheel of the wheelset 1, so that the wheelset 1 does not deviate axially; S20: The third oil cylinder 42 drives the driving roller 45 and the driven roller 47 to rise. After the driving roller 45 and the driven roller 47 contact the outer circle 101 of the shaft end, the wheelset 1 is lifted as a whole to a specified height. At this time, the central axis of the wheelset 1 is horizontally aligned with the central axis of the driving disc 56 in the driving disc assembly and disassembly fixture 5 on both sides; S30: The piston rod of the second oil cylinder 10 extends to drive the mounting seat 11 to descend, and the visual sensor 12 is then descended to a position directly facing the central axis of the wheelset 1; S40: The visual sensor 12 photographs the shaft end face 102, determines the current phase angle position of the shaft end threaded hole 103 through a digital image processing algorithm, and calculates the angle difference required for the shaft end threaded hole 103 to return to the normal position; S50: According to the angle difference calculated in the previous step, the reduction servo motor 46 drives the active roller 45 and drives the wheelset 1 to rotate by the angle difference until the phase angles of the three shaft end threaded holes 103 are aligned with the three bolts 57 respectively; S60: The visual sensor 12 takes another picture of the shaft end face 102 to verify that the phase angle of the shaft end threaded hole 103 has been aligned. The piston rod of the second oil cylinder 10 is retracted to drive the mounting seat 11 to rise, and the visual sensor 12 returns to its original position. S70: The piston rod of the first oil cylinder 8 extends to push the drive plate assembly and disassembly fixture 5 forward, so that the guide section of the front section of the bolt 57 enters the threaded hole 103 of the shaft end, and at the same time, the inner end surface of the drive plate 56 contacts the end surface 102 of the wheelset shaft end; S80: Each servo tightening shaft 52 drives each sleeve 55 to rotate at a constant torque, and simultaneously tightens each bolt 57 into the threaded hole 103 at the shaft end until the driving disc 56 is fastened to the shaft end of the wheelset 1; S90: The piston rod of the first oil cylinder 8 is retracted, pulling the drive plate disassembly and assembly fixture 5 backward, so that the drive plate 56 is separated from the guide positioning rod 54, and the drive plate 56 is connected to the wheelset 1 as a whole, completing the automatic installation of the drive plate 56 for driving the shaft end of the wheelset 1; S100: The third oil cylinder 42 drives the active roller 45 and the driven roller 47 to descend, and the wheelset 1 is then lowered as a whole until it contacts the track 2. At the same time, the active roller 45 and the driven roller 47 are also separated from the outer circle 101 of the shaft ends at both ends of the wheelset 1, and the wheelset 1 is rolled away along the track 2 under the transportation of the conveying or pushing device.

[0020] Furthermore, the automatic disassembly steps of the drive disc 56 are similar to the above-mentioned automatic installation principle, but the steps are reversed, wherein each servo tightening shaft 52 drives each sleeve 55 to rotate in the opposite direction with a constant torque, and simultaneously completely loosens each bolt 57, and the first oil cylinder 8 pulls the drive disc disassembly fixture 5 backward, so that the drive disc 56 is separated from the shaft end of the wheelset 1 under the limitation of the guide positioning rod 54 and is brought back to its original position; According to the different pitch circle diameters of the relative positions of the threaded holes 103 at the shaft ends of different wheelsets 1 relative to the central axis of the wheelset 1, the spacing adjustment mechanism 53 can be adjusted so that the spacing of the servo tightening shaft 52 matches the wheelset 1, and the drive disk 56 matching the wheelset 1 is replaced at the same time. The spacing adjustment mechanism 53 can be adjusted manually or automatically by a motor or hydraulic drive. The specific process is: a strip groove array is provided on the outer edge of the spacing adjustment mechanism 53, allowing the screws for fixing the spacing adjustment mechanism 53 to be adjusted to a suitable position and then fixed on the mounting bracket 51.

[0021] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic disassembly and assembly device for a drive disc for a wheel set shaft end drive, characterized in that: The invention comprises a base (6), a supporting wheel lifting mechanism (4) arranged in front of the base (6), a stop block (3), a linear guide slider pair (7) arranged above the base (6), a driving disk disassembly and assembly fixture (5) connected to the top of the linear guide slider pair (7), a first oil cylinder (8) connected to the bottom of the driving disk disassembly and assembly fixture (5), and a visual alignment device provided on the top of the driving disk disassembly and assembly fixture (5); the first oil cylinder (8) drives the driving disk disassembly and assembly fixture (5) to move forward and backward.

2. The automatic disassembly and assembly device for the drive disc for driving the wheelset shaft end according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive disk disassembly and assembly fixture (5) comprises a mounting bracket (51), a servo tightening shaft (52), a spacing adjustment mechanism (53) and a guide positioning rod (54). Three groups of servo tightening shafts (52) are mounted in the mounting bracket (51) and are evenly distributed around the circumference. The diameter of the evenly distributed circle is limited by the spacing adjustment mechanism (53). A sleeve (55) is mounted at the front end of each servo tightening shaft (52). Three guide positioning rods (54) are evenly distributed around the circumference of the front end of the mounting bracket (51). The drive disk (56) is limited by the guide positioning rod (54). Three bolts (57) are evenly distributed around the circumference of the drive disk (56). The bolts (57) are directly opposite to the sleeve (55).

3. The automatic disassembly and assembly device for the drive disc for driving the wheelset shaft end according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first oil cylinder (8) is fixed in the base (6), the piston rod of the first oil cylinder (8) is connected to the mounting bracket (51), and the first oil cylinder (8) drives the drive plate disassembly and assembly fixture (5) forward and backward through the piston rod.

4. The automatic disassembly and assembly device for the drive disc for driving the wheelset shaft end according to claim 1, characterized in that: The visual alignment device comprises a mounting plate (9), a second oil cylinder (10) and a mounting seat (11) arranged at the front end of the mounting plate (9), and a visual sensor (12) arranged at the front end of the mounting seat (11); one end of the mounting plate (9) is connected to the top end of the drive disk disassembly fixture (5), a through hole is arranged in the middle of the other end, and guide holes are arranged on both sides of the through hole; the mounting seat (11) is arranged directly below the end of the mounting plate (9); the piston rod of the second oil cylinder (10) passes through the through hole and is connected to the middle of the mounting seat (11); a guide rod is arranged in the guide hole, and the guide rod slides up and down relative to the mounting plate (9); the second oil cylinder (10) can drive the mounting seat (11) to move up and down within the length range of the guide rod.

5. The automatic disassembly and assembly device for the drive disc for driving the wheelset shaft end according to claim 1, characterized in that: The roller lifting mechanism (4) comprises a roller base (41), a third oil cylinder (42), a roller frame (43), a lifting guide rod (44), a driving roller (45), a reduction servo motor (46) and a driven roller (47). The roller base (41) is fixed to the base (6) by bolts. The third oil cylinder (42) is installed in the middle of the roller base (41). The top of the piston rod of the third oil cylinder (42) is connected to the roller frame (43). Two lifting guide rods (44) are also installed on both sides of the lower part of the roller frame (43). Under the drive of the third oil cylinder (42), the lifting guide rods (44) can slide up and down in the guide holes provided on the roller base (41). The upper part of the roller frame (43) is supported by a bearing and is also equipped with a driven roller (47) and a driving roller (45), wherein the driving roller (45) is directly connected to the power output shaft of the reduction servo motor (46).

6. A method for automatically disassembling and assembling a drive disc for driving a wheel set shaft end, applicable to the automatic disassembling and assembling device for driving a wheel set shaft end according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the following steps: S10: the wheelset (1) stops when rolling along the track (2) to the automatic disassembly and assembly station of the drive disc under the transportation of the conveying or pushing device, and the stop block (3) limits the inner side of the wheel of the wheelset (1) so that the wheelset (1) does not deviate axially; S20: The third oil cylinder (42) drives the driving roller (45) and the driven roller (47) to rise. After the driving roller (45) and the driven roller (47) contact the outer circle (101) of the shaft end, the wheelset (1) is lifted as a whole to a specified height. At this time, the center axis of the wheelset (1) is horizontally aligned with the center axis of the drive disc (56) in the drive disc disassembly and assembly fixture (5) on both sides; S30: The piston rod of the second oil cylinder (10) extends to drive the mounting seat (11) to descend, and the visual sensor (12) then descends to a position directly opposite to the central axis of the wheelset (1); S40: The visual sensor (12) photographs the shaft end face (102), determines the current phase angle position of the shaft end threaded hole (103) through a digital image processing algorithm, and calculates the angle difference required to rotate the shaft end threaded hole (103) to return to the correct position; S50: According to the angle difference calculated in the previous step, the deceleration servo motor (46) drives the active roller (45) and drives the wheel set (1) to rotate by the angle difference until the phase angles of the three shaft end threaded holes (103) are aligned with the three bolts (57) respectively; S60: The visual sensor (12) takes another picture of the shaft end face (102) to verify that the phase angle of the shaft end threaded hole (103) has been aligned, the piston rod of the second oil cylinder (10) is retracted, the drive mounting seat (11) is raised, and the visual sensor (12) returns to its original position; S70: The piston rod of the first oil cylinder (8) extends to push the drive plate disassembly and assembly fixture (5) forward, so that the guide section of the front section of the bolt (57) enters the threaded hole (103) at the shaft end, and at the same time, the inner end surface of the drive plate (56) contacts the end surface (102) of the wheelset shaft end; S80: Each servo tightening shaft (52) drives each sleeve (55) to rotate at a constant torque, and simultaneously tightens each bolt (57) into the threaded hole (103) at the shaft end until the drive plate (56) is fastened to the shaft end of the wheelset (1); S90: The piston rod of the first oil cylinder (8) is retracted, pulling the drive plate disassembly and assembly fixture (5) backward, so that the drive plate (56) is separated from the guide positioning rod (54), and the drive plate (56) is connected to the wheelset (1) as a whole, completing the automatic installation of the drive plate (56) for driving the shaft end of the wheelset (1); S100: The third oil cylinder (42) drives the driving roller (45) and the driven roller (47) to descend, and the wheelset (1) is then lowered as a whole until it contacts the track (2). At the same time, the driving roller (45) and the driven roller (47) are also separated from the outer circles (101) of the shaft ends at both ends of the wheelset (1), and the wheelset (1) is transported away along the track (2) by rolling under the transportation of the conveying or pushing device.

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