Battery pack for electric automobile and electric automobile

Abstract

The battery pack for the electric automobile is detachably installed on a longitudinal beam of the electric automobile, the battery pack for the electric automobile comprises a battery pack body, the battery pack body comprises a box body and a box cover, an opening is formed in the top of the box body, and the box cover is arranged in the box body; the box cover is arranged at the opening of the box body and covers the opening, and a battery module for charging and discharging outwards is arranged in the box body; the hanging piece is arranged at the position, corresponding to the locking mechanism on the longitudinal beam, of the top of the box cover. The battery pack for the electric vehicle is locked on the longitudinal beam through the cooperation of the hooking piece and the locking mechanism, the battery pack is located below the longitudinal beam, the gravity center of the electric vehicle can be lowered, the running stability of the electric vehicle is improved, grooving machining of the battery pack body base is not needed, and the machining technology of the battery pack body is simplified.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional of a Chinese invention patent with an application date of December 31, 2021, application number 2021116679648, and name “Battery Pack for Electric Vehicles and Electric Vehicles”. Technical Field

[0002] The present invention relates to the field of battery replacement, and in particular to a battery pack for an electric vehicle and an electric vehicle. Background Art

[0003] In recent years, new energy vehicles have developed rapidly. Electric vehicles that rely on batteries as driving energy have the advantages of zero emissions and low noise. As the market share and usage frequency of electric vehicles are increasing, electric commercial vehicles among electric vehicles, such as electric heavy trucks and electric light trucks, are also gradually appearing in their respective application scenarios. At the same time, battery swap stations are also built to replace battery packs for electric trucks.

[0004] At present, the battery packs on electric trucks are all installed above the longitudinal beams, and the weight of the battery packs can be as high as about 3 tons. Due to its heavy weight, the center of gravity of the electric trucks equipped with battery packs is higher, which affects the driving stability of the electric trucks and occupies a large space behind the driver, which provides a poor driving experience for the driver. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art that the center of gravity is higher due to the installation of a battery pack, which affects the driving stability of the electric truck, the battery pack occupies a large space behind the driver, and the driving experience of the driver is poor, and a battery pack for an electric vehicle and an electric vehicle are provided.

[0006] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A battery pack for an electric vehicle, which is detachably mounted on a longitudinal beam of the electric vehicle, and the battery pack for the electric vehicle comprises:

[0008] A battery pack body, the battery pack body comprising a box body and a box cover, the top of the box body having an opening, the box cover being arranged at the opening of the box body and covering the opening, and the box body being provided with a battery module for external charging and discharging;

[0009] A hanging part is arranged at a position of the top of the box cover corresponding to the locking mechanism on the longitudinal beam.

[0010] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted. By setting a hook corresponding to the locking mechanism on the longitudinal beam on the top of the battery pack, when the battery pack moves to the battery replacement station below the longitudinal beam, the battery pack moves upward to achieve the connection between the hook and the locking mechanism, so as to achieve the installation of the battery pack on the longitudinal beam. At this time, the battery pack is located below the longitudinal beam, which can lower the center of gravity of the electric vehicle and improve the driving stability of the electric vehicle. The battery pack will not occupy a large space behind the driver, which improves the driver's driving experience. The top of the longitudinal beam can be used to carry more goods. This solution does not require the battery pack body to be grooved, which simplifies the processing technology of the battery pack body. On the other hand, by setting an opening at the top of the box body, it is convenient to install the battery module in the box body, and then the battery module in the box body will be covered by the box cover to improve the safety of the battery pack. Since the hook of the battery pack in this solution is connected to the top of the box cover, the chassis battery replacement mode can be used to replace the battery of the electric vehicle.

[0011] Preferably, the battery pack for electric vehicles further comprises: a mounting bracket, wherein the mounting bracket is arranged on the top of the box cover, at least one end of the hanging member is connected to the mounting bracket, and the mounting bracket and the hanging member together form a locking area for achieving locking.

[0012] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, the locking area is used for the locking mechanism to extend into, and the hanging part is connected to the top of the box cover by using the mounting bracket, so that the connection stability between the hanging part and the box cover is better.

[0013] Preferably, a reinforcement piece is provided inside the box body at a position corresponding to the bottom of the mounting bracket, the mounting bracket is connected to the reinforcement piece, and the box cover is sandwiched between the reinforcement piece and the mounting bracket.

[0014] In the present solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, and a reinforcement is added to the battery pack body for connecting the mounting bracket, so that the force applied to the mounting bracket will be more evenly transmitted to the battery pack body through the reinforcement, thereby avoiding damage to the connection between the mounting bracket and the box cover due to excessive force, thereby improving the overall strength of the battery pack for electric vehicles and increasing the service life of the battery pack.

[0015] Preferably, an unlocking guide hole for the unlocking mechanism of the battery exchange device to pass through is provided on the battery pack body, and the unlocking guide hole passes through the box body and the box cover in sequence, and at least part of the hanging part is located above the unlocking guide hole, and the lower space of the battery pack body is connected with the locking area through the unlocking guide hole.

[0016] In the present solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted. When the unlocking mechanism of the battery replacement equipment unlocks the locking mechanism, the unlocking mechanism passes through the unlocking guide hole and acts on the locking mechanism to achieve unlocking, thereby realizing chassis battery replacement of the battery pack.

[0017] Preferably, a positioning guide hole for a positioning piece of the battery exchange device to pass through is provided on the battery pack body, the positioning guide hole passes through the box body and the box cover in sequence, and part of the hanging piece is located above the positioning guide hole, and the lower space of the battery pack body is connected with the locking area through the positioning guide hole.

[0018] In the present solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted. Before unlocking, the battery swap device and the battery pack, and the battery swap device and the locking mechanism are aligned by cooperating with the positioning parts and the positioning guide holes on the battery swap device, thereby reducing the situation where the unlocking mechanism cannot be successfully unlocked due to the misalignment of the unlocking guide hole.

[0019] Preferably, the mounting bracket extends along the length direction of the longitudinal beam.

[0020] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, so that the hanging member arranged on the mounting bracket is more stable when connected to the longitudinal beam, and the structure is compact and the space utilization rate is high.

[0021] Preferably, the hanging member is a locking shaft and there are multiple locking shafts, and the locking shafts are arranged on the end surface of the mounting bracket close to the longitudinal beam along the length direction of the longitudinal beam.

[0022] In this solution, the above structure is adopted. When the lock shaft is hung on the locking mechanism of the longitudinal beam, there are more connection points between the longitudinal beam and the battery pack body, so that the connection between the longitudinal beam and the battery pack body is more stable. At the same time, the lock shaft is arranged on the end surface of the mounting bracket close to the longitudinal beam, so that the structure of the battery pack body and the longitudinal beam after connection is more compact.

[0023] Preferably, the mounting bracket includes a first vertical plate, the first vertical plate is vertically arranged on the top of the box cover, and one end of the lock shaft is connected to the first vertical plate.

[0024] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, so that the lock shaft can extend along the length direction of the box cover, which is convenient for inserting the lock shaft into the locking mechanism.

[0025] Preferably, the battery pack for electric vehicles further comprises: a coarse positioning mechanism, and the coarse positioning mechanism is arranged on the end surface of the first vertical plate close to the longitudinal beam.

[0026] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted. When the battery pack gradually rises to allow the locking mechanism to enter the locking area, the coarse positioning mechanism is used to coarsely position the longitudinal beam in the horizontal direction, so that the locking mechanism and the hanging member can be more accurately aligned.

[0027] Preferably, the coarse positioning mechanism comprises a first guide block, which is elastically arranged on an end surface of the first vertical plate close to the longitudinal beam, and has a first clamping surface for abutting against a side surface of the longitudinal beam.

[0028] In the present solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, so that after the battery pack is installed on the longitudinal beam, the positioning ability of the battery pack relative to the longitudinal beam is improved, the shaking of the battery pack when locked on the electric vehicle is avoided, and the safety and stability are improved.

[0029] Preferably, a first guide surface is obliquely provided at one end of the first guide block away from the box cover, and along the vertical direction from bottom to top, the first guide surface gradually approaches the first vertical plate.

[0030] In this solution, the above structure is adopted, so that the longitudinal beam can be guided by the first guide surface so that the locking mechanism can smoothly extend into the locking area and lock with the hanging member, thereby improving safety and stability. When the first guide surface is an arc surface, the wear between the first guide block and the longitudinal beam can be reduced, thereby increasing the service life.

[0031] Preferably, there are a plurality of the first guide blocks, and the plurality of the first guide blocks and the plurality of the locking shafts are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the longitudinal beam.

[0032] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, and multiple first guide blocks are distributed at intervals on the mounting bracket to further improve the positioning ability of the battery pack relative to the longitudinal beam; at the same time, the first guide block and the lock shaft are arranged at intervals so that the first guide block avoids the locking mechanism, thereby preventing interference between the first guide block and the locking mechanism.

[0033] Preferably, the mounting bracket also includes a second vertical plate, the second vertical plate is vertically arranged on the top of the box cover and the locking shaft and the coarse positioning mechanism are both located between the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate, and the first vertical plate, the second vertical plate and the locking shaft together constitute the locking area.

[0034] In the present solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted. When the lock shaft is hung on the locking mechanism, the second vertical plate can limit the horizontal displacement of the locking mechanism, thereby reducing the risk of the locking mechanism detaching from the lock shaft and causing damage to the battery pack.

[0035] Preferably, the battery pack for electric vehicles further comprises: a fine positioning mechanism, which is provided on the end surface of the second vertical plate close to the first vertical plate, and the coarse positioning mechanism and the fine positioning mechanism are used to respectively support the two sides of the longitudinal beam along the width direction thereof.

[0036] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted. When the locking mechanism and the hanging part are locked, the coarse positioning mechanism and the fine positioning mechanism will jointly clamp the two sides of the same longitudinal beam, effectively avoiding the displacement and dislocation of the battery pack during use, and improving the stability of the battery pack connected to the longitudinal beam.

[0037] Preferably, the distance between one end of the coarse positioning mechanism away from the box cover and the box cover is greater than the distance between one end of the fine positioning mechanism away from the box cover and the box cover.

[0038] In the present solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, and the longitudinal beam gradually extends from top to bottom between the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate, first contacts with the coarse positioning mechanism to achieve coarse positioning of the longitudinal beam in the horizontal direction, and then contacts with the lower-positioned fine positioning mechanism to achieve fine positioning of the longitudinal beam in the horizontal direction, thereby improving the positioning accuracy of the locking mechanism and the hanging component during the locking process.

[0039] Preferably, the precise positioning mechanism comprises a second guide block, the second guide block is elastically arranged on the end surface of the second vertical plate close to the first vertical plate, and the second guide block has a second clamping surface for abutting against the side surface of the longitudinal beam.

[0040] In the present solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted. When the locking mechanism enters the locking area of ​​the mounting bracket, the second guide block provides an outward clamping force to the longitudinal beam, thereby jointly realizing the position clamping of the same longitudinal beam with the coarse positioning mechanism. Therefore, after the battery pack is installed on the longitudinal beam, the connection of the battery pack relative to the longitudinal beam is more stable.

[0041] Preferably, a second guide surface is obliquely provided at one end of the second guide block away from the box cover, and along the vertical direction from bottom to top, the second guide surface gradually approaches the second vertical plate.

[0042] In the present solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted. After the first guide block performs rough positioning and guiding, the second guide surface of the second guide block can further position and guide the battery pack body, so that the hanging part can be aligned with the locking mechanism with higher alignment accuracy, thereby improving safety and stability.

[0043] Preferably, there are a plurality of the precise positioning mechanisms, and the plurality of precise positioning mechanisms are arranged on the second vertical plate at intervals along the length direction of the longitudinal beam.

[0044] In this solution, the above structure is adopted, and multiple precision positioning mechanisms are arranged at intervals on the mounting bracket to further improve the positioning ability of the battery pack relative to the longitudinal beam, making the positioning more accurate. In addition, the precision positioning mechanism is arranged on the second vertical plate along the length direction of the longitudinal beam, and the precision positioning mechanism and the side of the longitudinal beam can fit more closely, making the positioning more accurate and improving safety and stability.

[0045] Preferably, the mounting bracket also includes a base plate attached to the top of the box cover, the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate are both erected on the base plate, the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate are both connected to the top of the box cover through the base plate, and the first vertical plate, the second vertical plate, the base plate and the locking shaft together constitute the locking area.

[0046] In this solution, the above structure is adopted, and the force on the lock shaft will be transmitted to the battery pack body more evenly through the first vertical plate and the bottom plate in turn, thereby improving the structural stability of the battery pack body. At the same time, the bottom plate is arranged between the first vertical plate, the second vertical plate and the top of the box cover, which increases the connection area and makes the connection between the mounting bracket and the battery pack body more stable.

[0047] Preferably, the mounting bracket includes a pair of connecting mounting plates arranged opposite to each other, the pair of connecting mounting plates are arranged on the top of the box cover, the two ends of the lock shaft are respectively connected to the connecting mounting plates on the corresponding sides, and the pair of connecting mounting plates constitute the locking area.

[0048] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, and the two ends of the lock shaft are fixed respectively by two spaced connection mounting plates, so as to improve the connection strength between the lock shaft and the mounting bracket, improve the connection stability of the lock shaft, and enable the lock shaft to withstand greater force. In addition, the gravity of the battery pack body on the connection mounting plate is in the same direction as its own extension, so it is not easy to be deformed due to the force, and the service life is longer.

[0049] Preferably, the connecting mounting plate comprises a first mounting plate and a second mounting plate which are perpendicular to each other, the second mounting plate is connected to the top of the box cover, and the two first mounting plates are symmetrically arranged.

[0050] In this solution, the above structure is adopted, so that the force on the lock shaft is more evenly transmitted to the battery pack body through the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate in sequence, so that the overall structural stability of the battery pack is better. On the other hand, the first mounting plate is mounted to the top of the box cover through the second mounting plate, which increases the connection area and makes the connection between the mounting bracket and the battery pack body more stable.

[0051] Preferably, a third guide block is elastically provided on the end surface of the first mounting plate close to the longitudinal beam, and the third guide block has a third clamping surface for abutting against the side surface of the longitudinal beam.

[0052] In the present solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, and the third guide block provides a clamping force to the longitudinal beam, thereby realizing the horizontal positioning of the battery pack body by the longitudinal beam. After the battery pack is installed on the longitudinal beam, the positioning ability of the battery pack relative to the longitudinal beam is improved, and the shaking of the battery pack after being locked on the electric vehicle is avoided, thereby improving the stability of the battery pack during use.

[0053] Preferably, there are a plurality of the third guide blocks, and the plurality of the third guide blocks are arranged on the first mounting plate at intervals along the length direction of the longitudinal beam.

[0054] In this solution, the above structure is adopted, and a plurality of third guide blocks are spaced and distributed on the first mounting plate, so that the longitudinal beam can be positioned from multiple points, making the positioning more accurate. In addition, the third guide block is arranged on the first mounting plate along the length direction of the longitudinal beam, and the third guide block and the side surface of the longitudinal beam can fit more closely, making the positioning more accurate and safer and more stable.

[0055] Preferably, a third guide surface is obliquely provided at one end of the third guide block away from the box cover, and along the vertical direction from bottom to top, the third guide surface gradually approaches the first mounting plate.

[0056] In this solution, the above structure is adopted. When the battery pack is locked on the longitudinal beam, the battery pack gradually rises, so that the longitudinal beam is guided in the horizontal direction under the guidance of the third guide surface, so that the locking mechanism can smoothly extend into the locking area and lock with the hanging part, thereby improving safety and stability. Furthermore, when the third guide surface is an arc surface, the wear between the third guide block and the longitudinal beam can be reduced, thereby increasing the service life.

[0057] Preferably, the box body includes a plurality of battery accommodating cavities for accommodating the battery modules, and the reinforcement is provided with a wire passing groove for cable routing, and adjacent battery accommodating cavities are connected through the wire passing groove.

[0058] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, so that the battery modules in adjacent battery accommodating cavities are electrically connected through cables, and the installation and connection are very convenient.

[0059] Preferably, a lifting mechanism is provided at a position in the box body corresponding to the locking mechanism, and the lifting mechanism comprises a lifting rod for lifting a lock link of the locking mechanism, and the lifting rod is vertically arranged and movable in a vertical direction.

[0060] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted. In the process of unlocking the battery pack, the locking mechanism is unlocked by pushing the top rod upward to drive the lock link of the locking mechanism to move. This solution has a simple and compact structure and makes full use of the space of the box.

[0061] Preferably, the lifting mechanism also includes a guide seat arranged in the box body, the guide seat is provided with a guide hole, the push rod is passed through the guide hole and the upper end of the push rod passes through the box cover and extends into the locking area, and the box body is provided with a lifting hole at a position corresponding to the push rod.

[0062] In this solution, the above structure is adopted, so that the push rod moves upward to lift the lock link to unlock. At the same time, the guide seat guides the push rod, so that the push rod has better stability during the upward and downward movement, avoiding the push rod from tilting.

[0063] Preferably, the lifting mechanism further comprises an elastic member, a limiting flange is provided around the lower end of the lifting rod, two ends of the elastic member are respectively connected to the guide seat and the limiting flange, and a force is applied to the limiting flange toward the bottom of the box body.

[0064] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, and the elastic member applies a force to the limiting flange to realize automatic resetting of the push rod.

[0065] Preferably, the elastic member is sleeved on the push rod, and the first end of the elastic member is abutted against the limiting flange, and the second end of the elastic member is abutted against the guide seat.

[0066] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted to achieve that after the push rod is pushed upward, the elastic member is compressed between the limiting flange and the guide seat, thereby improving the installation stability.

[0067] Preferably, a limit piece is provided at a position of the box body close to the guide hole, a limit hole is provided on the limit piece, the limit hole is coaxially arranged with the push rod and the radial dimension of the limit hole is smaller than the radial dimension of the end of the push rod close to the box body.

[0068] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted to prevent the ejector rod from falling out of the box body after being reset, thereby improving the safety and stability of the ejector rod mechanism.

[0069] Preferably, there are two mounting brackets, and the two mounting brackets are symmetrically arranged on the top of the box cover with respect to the symmetry plane of the battery pack body.

[0070] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, and two mounting brackets are respectively connected to the locking mechanism on the longitudinal beam, so as to increase the connection points between the battery pack body and the longitudinal beam and improve the stability of the battery pack connected to the longitudinal beam.

[0071] An electric vehicle comprises a longitudinal beam and a battery pack for an electric vehicle as described in any one of the above, wherein a locking mechanism is provided on the longitudinal beam, and the battery pack for the electric vehicle is detachably connected to the longitudinal beam through the cooperation of the hanging member and the locking mechanism.

[0072] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, and the battery pack for electric vehicles is locked through the mounting bracket on the top and the locking mechanism on the longitudinal beam, so that the center of gravity of the electric vehicle can be lowered, making the vehicle run more smoothly. In addition, the battery pack will not occupy a large space behind the driver, which improves the driver's driving experience, and the space above the longitudinal beam can be used to carry more cargo. This solution does not require grooving of the battery pack body, simplifying the processing technology of the battery pack body. On the other hand, by providing an opening at the top of the box body, it is convenient to install the battery module in the box body, and then the battery module in the box body will be covered by the box cover to improve the safety of the battery pack. Since the electric vehicle of this solution has a hanging part connected to the top of the box cover, the electric vehicle can be replaced by the chassis replacement mode.

[0073] Preferably, the locking mechanism is arranged on the side wall of the longitudinal beam or the bottom of the longitudinal beam.

[0074] In this solution, by adopting the above-mentioned structural form, a locking mechanism can be arranged according to the space at the longitudinal beam, thereby achieving high space utilization.

[0075] Preferably, the locking mechanism is provided with a through slot for the hanging member to pass through.

[0076] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted. When the battery pack for the electric vehicle is installed on the longitudinal beam, the hanging part is locked with the locking mechanism by passing through the through groove of the locking mechanism, and the connection stability is good.

[0077] Preferably, the locking mechanism comprises a primary lock, the primary lock comprises at least two primary lock bases, at least two primary lock tongues and a lock connecting rod, the through groove comprises a primary lock groove, the primary lock base is provided with a primary lock groove which is horizontally through and in an inverted L shape, and the primary lock base is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the primary lock tongue;

[0078] The primary lock base is arranged on the side wall of the longitudinal beam, the first end of the primary lock tongue is rotatably connected to the primary lock base, and the second end of the primary lock tongue is rotatably connected to the lock link;

[0079] At least part of the hanging part of the battery pack for electric vehicle is inserted into the primary lock slot;

[0080] When the lock link is acted upon by the unlocking mechanism of the battery exchange device, the lock link drives the primary lock tongue to rotate and open the opening of the primary lock slot, and the hanging component enters and exits the primary lock slot through the opening of the primary lock slot.

[0081] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, and the longitudinal beam and the battery pack for the electric vehicle are connected by a primary lock. The connection between the longitudinal beam and the battery pack for the electric vehicle is highly stable and firm.

[0082] Preferably, the locking mechanism comprises a secondary lock, the secondary lock comprises a secondary lock base and a secondary lock tongue, the through slot further comprises a secondary lock slot, and the secondary lock base is provided with the secondary lock slot which is horizontally through and inverted L-shaped;

[0083] The secondary lock base is arranged on the side wall of the longitudinal beam, the first end of the secondary lock tongue is rotatably connected to the secondary lock base, and the second end of the secondary lock tongue is a free end;

[0084] Part of the hooking parts of the electric vehicle is inserted into the secondary lock slot;

[0085] When the second end of the secondary lock tongue is subjected to the force of the positioning member of the battery exchange device, the secondary lock tongue rotates to open the opening of the secondary lock slot, and the hanging member enters and exits the secondary lock slot through the opening of the secondary lock slot.

[0086] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, and a secondary lock is used to connect the longitudinal beam and the battery pack for the electric vehicle. Compared with only using a primary lock to connect the battery pack to the longitudinal beam, adding a secondary lock can make the connection stability between the battery pack and the longitudinal beam more stable.

[0087] Preferably, the locking mechanism further includes a support seat, the through slot further includes a support slot, the support seat is provided with a horizontally through inverted L-shaped support slot, and part of the hanging parts of the battery pack for the electric vehicle is inserted into the support slot.

[0088] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted to increase the connection points between the battery pack and the locking mechanism, so that the battery pack can be more stably connected to the electric vehicle.

[0089] Preferably, the primary lock, the secondary lock, and the support seat are respectively at the same height as the connection points of the corresponding hanging parts and are all located above the lower end of the longitudinal beam.

[0090] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted to increase the height of the battery pack connected to the locking mechanism, which is convenient for the battery swapping equipment to swap batteries, thereby further increasing the height space below the battery pack after it is connected to the longitudinal beam, leaving more height space for the battery swapping equipment to swap batteries.

[0091] Preferably, the electric vehicle further comprises: a fixing bracket, the fixing bracket is arranged on the longitudinal beam, and the locking mechanism is arranged on the fixing bracket.

[0092] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted to increase the connection area between the locking mechanism and the longitudinal beam, so that the force applied to the locking mechanism is transmitted to the longitudinal beam more evenly.

[0093] Preferably, there are two longitudinal beams, the longitudinal beams and the locking mechanisms are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and the locking mechanisms are arranged on the opposite side walls of the two longitudinal beams.

[0094] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted to improve the stability of the battery pack connected to the longitudinal beam through multi-point connection between the locking mechanism and the battery pack.

[0095] The positive and progressive effects of the present invention are:

[0096] The battery pack for electric vehicles and the electric vehicle of the present invention, the battery pack for electric vehicles is provided with a hanging piece corresponding to the locking mechanism on the longitudinal beam at the top of the battery pack. When the battery pack moves to the battery replacement station below the longitudinal beam, the battery pack moves upward to achieve the connection between the hanging piece and the locking mechanism, so as to achieve the installation of the battery pack on the longitudinal beam. At this time, the battery pack is located below the longitudinal beam, which can lower the center of gravity of the electric vehicle and improve the driving stability of the electric truck. The battery pack will not occupy a large space behind the driver, which improves the driver's driving experience. The area above the longitudinal beam can be used to carry more goods. This solution does not require the battery pack body to be grooved, which simplifies the processing technology of the battery pack body. On the other hand, by providing an opening at the top of the box body, it is convenient to install the battery module in the box body, and then the battery module in the box body will be covered by the box cover, so as to improve the safety of the battery pack. Since the hanging piece of the battery pack of this solution is connected to the top of the box cover, the chassis battery replacement mode can be adopted to perform the battery replacement operation on the electric vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0097] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of an electric vehicle according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0098] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the decomposition structure.

[0099] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack for an electric vehicle according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0100] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the internal structure.

[0101] Figure 5 for Figure 3A schematic diagram of the structure from another perspective.

[0102] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the longitudinal beam, the fixing bracket and the locking mechanism of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0103] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the primary lock of the locking mechanism.

[0104] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the explosion.

[0105] Fig. 9 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first-level lock base, the first-level lock tongue and the first-level lock slot.

[0106] Fig.10 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the secondary lock of the middle locking mechanism.

[0107] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack for an electric vehicle according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0108] Fig.12 for Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the structure of the mounting bracket.

[0109] Fig.13 for Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the structure of the locking mechanism corresponding to the battery pack for electric vehicles.

[0110] Fig.14 This is a schematic structural diagram of the lifting mechanism of Example 3 of the present invention.

[0111] Fig.15 for Fig.14 A partial enlarged view of . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0112] The present invention is further described below by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the examples.

[0113] Example 1

[0114] like Figure 1-Figure 2As shown, this embodiment discloses an electric vehicle 200, which includes two longitudinal beams 201 and a battery pack 100 for an electric vehicle. The two longitudinal beams 201 are provided with locking mechanisms 3 on opposite sides thereof, that is, the locking mechanisms 3 are arranged on the side walls of the longitudinal beams 201. The battery pack 100 for an electric vehicle is detachably connected to the longitudinal beams 201 through the coupling 2 and the locking mechanism 3. In this embodiment, the electric vehicle 200 is a commercial vehicle such as a heavy truck or a light truck. In other embodiments, the electric vehicle 200 may also be a passenger vehicle such as a sedan.

[0115] The battery pack 100 for electric vehicles is detachably mounted on a longitudinal beam 201 of an electric vehicle 200. Figure 3 As shown, the battery pack 100 for electric vehicles comprises: a battery pack body 1, the battery pack body 1 comprises a box body 11 and a box cover 12, the box body 11 has an opening at the top, the box cover 12 is arranged at the opening of the box body 11 and covers the opening, and a battery module for external charging and discharging is arranged in the box body 11; a hanging part 2, the hanging part 2 is arranged at the top of the box cover 12 at a position corresponding to the locking mechanism 3 on the longitudinal beam 201. In this embodiment, the hanging part 2 is a locking shaft.

[0116] By setting a hook 2 corresponding to the locking mechanism 3 on the longitudinal beam 201 on the top of the battery pack 100, when the battery pack 100 moves to the battery replacement station below the longitudinal beam 201, the battery pack 100 moves upward to achieve the connection between the hook 2 and the locking mechanism 3, so that the battery pack 100 is installed on the longitudinal beam 201, and the battery pack 100 is located below the longitudinal beam 201 at this time, which can lower the center of gravity of the electric vehicle 200 and improve the driving stability of the electric vehicle 200. The battery pack 100 will not occupy a large space behind the driver, improving the driver's driving experience, and the top of the longitudinal beam 201 can be used to carry more goods. This solution does not require the battery pack body 1 to be grooved, simplifying the processing technology of the battery pack body 1. On the other hand, by setting an opening at the top of the box body 11, it is convenient to install the battery module in the box body 11, and then the battery module in the box body 11 will be covered by the box cover 12 to improve the power safety of the battery pack 100. Since the attachment part 2 of the battery pack 100 of the present solution is connected to the top of the box cover 12, the battery replacement operation of the electric vehicle 200 can be performed using the chassis battery replacement mode.

[0117] like Figure 3As shown, the battery pack 100 for electric vehicles also includes: two mounting brackets 4, the two mounting brackets 4 are symmetrically arranged on the top of the box cover 12, at least one end of the hanging member 2 is connected to the mounting bracket 4, and the mounting bracket 4 and the hanging member 2 together form a locking area for achieving locking. The locking area formed by the mounting bracket 4 and the hanging member 2 is used for the locking mechanism 3 to extend into, and the hanging member 2 is connected to the top of the box cover 12 by using the mounting bracket 4, so that the connection stability between the hanging member 2 and the box cover 12 is better. In this embodiment, one end of the hanging member 2 is connected to the inner side wall of the mounting bracket 4, and the other end extends from the inner side wall of the mounting bracket 4 to the middle, and the part extending from the hanging member 2 is inserted into the locking mechanism 3 of the longitudinal beam 201 to achieve locking.

[0118] In this embodiment, there are multiple hanging parts 2, so that the connection between the battery pack 100 and the longitudinal beam 201 is more stable. Specifically, during installation, multiple hanging parts 2 are first set on the mounting bracket 4 to form a whole, and then the whole mounting bracket 4 is installed on the box cover 12 of the battery pack body 1, which is convenient for the installation of multiple hanging parts 2 and has high installation accuracy.

[0119] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the hanging part 2 is a locking shaft and there are multiple locking shafts, and the mounting bracket 4 extends along the length direction of the longitudinal beam 201. The mounting bracket 4 is set to a long strip structure adapted to the structure of the longitudinal beam 201, so that the locking shaft is arranged on the end surface of the mounting bracket 4 close to the longitudinal beam 201 along the length direction of the longitudinal beam 201. Among them, the locking shafts are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the longitudinal beam 201, so that when the locking shafts are hung on the locking mechanism 3 of the longitudinal beam 201, the longitudinal beam 201 and the battery pack body 1 have more connection points, so that the connection between the longitudinal beam 201 and the battery pack body 1 is more stable.

[0120] like Figure 3 As shown, the mounting bracket 4 includes a first vertical plate 41, which is vertically arranged on the top of the box cover 12, and one end of the lock shaft is connected to the first vertical plate 41. At this time, the lock shaft extends along the length direction of the box cover 12, which is convenient for inserting the lock shaft into the locking mechanism 3, so that the gravity of the battery pack body 1 received by the first vertical plate 41 is in the same direction as its own extension, and it is not easy to be deformed due to the force, and the service life is longer.

[0121] like Figure 3 As shown, in order to achieve coarse positioning of the longitudinal beam 201 in the horizontal direction so that the locking mechanism 3 and the hanging component 2 can be more accurately aligned in the horizontal direction, the battery pack 100 for electric vehicles also includes: a coarse positioning mechanism 6, which is arranged on the end face of the first vertical plate 41 close to the longitudinal beam 201.

[0122] Specifically, the rough positioning mechanism 6 includes a first guide block 61, which is elastically arranged on the end face of the first vertical plate 41 close to the longitudinal beam 201. The first guide block 61 has a first clamping surface. When the battery pack 100 is installed on the longitudinal beam 201, the first clamping surface abuts against the side of the longitudinal beam 201. The first guide block 61 is elastically arranged on the first vertical plate 41 by a spring. When the locking mechanism 3 enters the locking area of ​​the mounting bracket 4, the first guide blocks 61 on the two mounting brackets 4 will apply a force from the outside to the longitudinal beam 201 on the corresponding side, thereby clamping the longitudinal beam 201 from the opposite sides of the two longitudinal beams 201 to achieve rough positioning of the battery pack body 1. After the battery pack 100 is installed on the longitudinal beam 201, the positioning ability of the battery pack 100 relative to the longitudinal beam 201 is improved, and shaking of the battery pack 100 when locked on the electric vehicle 200 is avoided, thereby improving safety and stability.

[0123] In order to further improve the guiding function of the first guide block 61 during the process of locking the battery pack 100 on the longitudinal beam 201, a first guide surface 611 is inclinedly provided at one end of the first guide block 61 away from the box cover 12, and the first guide surface 611 gradually approaches the first vertical plate 41 along the vertical direction from bottom to top. The first guide surface 611 is arc-shaped, so that the longitudinal beam 201 can be guided by the first guide surface 611 so that the locking mechanism 3 can smoothly extend into the locking area and lock with the hanging member 2, thereby improving safety and stability. At the same time, when the first guide surface 611 is an arc-shaped surface, the wear between the first guide block 61 and the longitudinal beam 201 is reduced. In other specific embodiments, the first guide surface 611 can also be a plane.

[0124] In this embodiment, there are three first guide blocks 61, and the three first guide blocks 61 and the multiple locking shafts are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the longitudinal beam 201, and the first guide blocks 61 and the locking shafts are arranged at intervals, so that the first guide blocks 61 avoid the locking mechanism 3. The three first guide blocks 61 are arranged in sequence on the first vertical plate 41 of the mounting bracket 4, and the positioning capability of the battery pack 100 relative to the longitudinal beam 201 is further improved.

[0125] Furthermore, in order to reduce the risk of the lock shaft escaping from the locking mechanism 3, the mounting bracket 4 further includes a second vertical plate 42, which is vertically arranged on the top of the box cover 12 and the lock shaft and the rough positioning mechanism 6 are both located between the first vertical plate 41 and the second vertical plate 42, and the first vertical plate 41, the second vertical plate 42 and the lock shaft together constitute a locking area. When the lock shaft is hung on the locking mechanism 3, the second vertical plate 42 can limit the horizontal displacement of the lock mechanism 3, thereby reducing the risk of the lock mechanism 3 escaping from the lock shaft and causing damage to the battery pack 100.

[0126] like Figure 3As shown, in order to achieve static positioning of the longitudinal beam 201 in the horizontal direction so that the locking mechanism 3 and the hanging member 2 can be more accurately aligned in the horizontal direction, the battery pack 100 for electric vehicles also includes: a fine positioning mechanism 7, a fine positioning mechanism 7 is provided on the end surface of the second vertical plate 42 close to the first vertical plate 41, and the coarse positioning mechanism 6 and the fine positioning mechanism 7 are used to respectively support the two sides of the longitudinal beam 201 along its width direction.

[0127] When the locking mechanism 3 is locked with the hanging component 2 , the coarse positioning mechanism 6 and the fine positioning mechanism 7 will jointly clamp the two sides of the same longitudinal beam 201 , effectively preventing the battery pack 100 from being offset or misaligned during use, and improving the stability of the battery pack 100 connected to the longitudinal beam 201 .

[0128] The fine positioning mechanism 7 includes a second guide block 71, which is elastically arranged on the end surface of the second vertical plate 42 close to the first vertical plate 41, and has a second clamping surface. When the battery pack 100 is locked on the longitudinal beam 201, the second clamping surface abuts against the side of the longitudinal beam 201. The second guide block 71 is elastically arranged on the second vertical plate 42 by a spring. When the locking mechanism 3 enters the locking area, the first guide block 61 and the second guide block 71 on the same mounting bracket 4 clamp the same longitudinal beam 201 from both sides.

[0129] The second guide block 71 is provided with a second guide surface 711 at an angle at one end away from the box cover 12. Along the vertical direction from bottom to top, the second guide surface 711 gradually approaches the second vertical plate 42. The second guide surface 711 is arc-shaped. After being roughly positioned and guided by the first guide block 61, the second guide surface 711 of the second guide block 71 can further position and guide the battery pack body 1, so that the hanging part 2 can be aligned with the locking mechanism 3 with higher alignment accuracy, thereby improving safety and stability. At the same time, when the second guide surface 711 is an arc-shaped surface, the arc reduces the wear between the second guide block 71 and the longitudinal beam 201, thereby increasing the service life. In other specific embodiments, the second guide surface 711 can also be a plane.

[0130] The distance between the end of the coarse positioning mechanism 6 away from the box cover 12 and the box cover 12 is greater than the distance between the end of the fine positioning mechanism 7 away from the box cover 12 and the box cover 12, that is, the distance between the upper end of the first guide block 61 and the box cover 12 is greater than the distance between the upper end of the second guide block 71 and the box cover 12, so that during the installation of the battery pack 100 on the longitudinal beam 201, the longitudinal beam 201 gradually extends from top to bottom between the first vertical plate 41 and the second vertical plate 42, first contacts the coarse positioning mechanism 6 to achieve coarse positioning of the longitudinal beam 201 in the horizontal direction, and then contacts the lower fine positioning mechanism 7 to achieve fine positioning of the longitudinal beam 201 in the horizontal direction.

[0131] More preferably, there are three precise positioning mechanisms 7, which are arranged on the second vertical plate 42 at intervals along the length direction of the longitudinal beam 201. The three precise positioning mechanisms 7 are evenly spaced on the mounting bracket 4 to further improve the positioning capability of the battery pack 100 relative to the longitudinal beam 201.

[0132] like Figure 3 As shown, the mounting bracket 4 also includes a bottom plate 43 attached to the top of the box cover 12, the first vertical plate 41 and the second vertical plate 42 are both erected on the bottom plate 43, the first vertical plate 41 and the second vertical plate 42 are both connected to the top of the box cover 12 through the bottom plate 43, and the first vertical plate 41, the second vertical plate 42, the bottom plate 43 and the lock shaft together constitute a locking area. The first vertical plate 41 and the second vertical plate 42 are both perpendicular to the bottom plate 43, and the force received by the lock shaft will be more evenly transmitted to the battery pack body 1 through the first vertical plate 41 and the bottom plate 43 in turn, thereby improving the structural stability of the battery pack body 1. In addition, compared with the first vertical plate 41 and the second vertical plate 42 being directly connected to the top of the box cover 12, the bottom plate 43 is arranged between the first vertical plate 41, the second vertical plate 42 and the top of the box cover 12, thereby increasing the connection area and making the connection between the mounting bracket 4 and the battery pack body 1 more stable.

[0133] like Figure 4 As shown, a reinforcing member 5 is provided inside the box body 11 at a position corresponding to the lower portion of the mounting bracket 4, the mounting bracket 4 is connected to the reinforcing member 5, and the box cover 12 is sandwiched between the reinforcing member 5 and the mounting bracket 4. In this embodiment, the reinforcing member 5 is a reinforcing plate, and the reinforcing member 5 plays a role in reinforcing the structural strength of the box body 11 inside the box body 11. The mounting bracket 4 is fitted with the upper surface of the box cover 12, and the mounting bracket 4, the box cover 12 and the reinforcing member 5 are connected by a connecting member, so that the force applied to the mounting bracket 4 will be more evenly transmitted to the battery pack body 1 through the reinforcing member 5, thereby avoiding damage to the connection between the mounting bracket 4 and the box cover 12 due to excessive force, improving the overall strength of the battery pack 100 for electric vehicles, and increasing the service life of the battery pack 100.

[0134] Furthermore, there is a seal between the mounting bracket 4 and the box cover 12 of the battery pack body 1. Since the battery pack 100 will inevitably touch water when the electric vehicle 200 is driving outside, in order to prevent water from entering the box 11 and damaging the battery module in the box 11, a seal is provided at the connection between the mounting bracket 4 and the box 11 to strengthen the sealing effect, effectively preventing water from flowing into the box 11 and improving the sealing of the battery pack 100. Specifically, the seal can be a sealing ring, a sealing strip, a sealing gasket, etc.

[0135] like Figure 5As shown, the battery pack body 1 is provided with an unlocking guide hole 14 for the unlocking mechanism of the battery swapping device to pass through. The unlocking guide hole 14 sequentially penetrates the box body 11 and the box cover 12, and at least part of the hanging part 2 is located above the unlocking guide hole 14. The lower space of the battery pack body 1 is connected to the locking area through the unlocking guide hole 14. In this embodiment, the unlocking guide hole 14 penetrates the aforementioned reinforcement 5. When the unlocking mechanism of the battery swapping device unlocks the locking mechanism 3, the unlocking mechanism passes through the unlocking guide hole 14 and acts on the locking mechanism 3 to achieve unlocking, thereby achieving chassis battery swapping of the battery pack 100. In this embodiment, the battery swapping device is a battery swapping trolley.

[0136] Furthermore, a positioning guide hole 15 is provided on the battery pack body 1 for the positioning member of the battery swapping device to pass through. The positioning guide hole 15 passes through the box body 11 and the box cover 12 in sequence, and part of the hanging member 2 is located above the positioning guide hole 15. The lower space of the battery pack body 1 is connected to the locking area through the positioning guide hole 15. In this embodiment, the positioning guide hole 15 passes through the aforementioned reinforcement 5. Before unlocking, the battery swapping device is first aligned with the battery pack 100 and the battery swapping device is aligned with the locking mechanism 3 through the cooperation of the positioning member on the battery swapping device and the positioning guide hole 15, thereby reducing the situation where the unlocking mechanism is not aligned with the unlocking guide hole 14 and fails to unlock successfully.

[0137] like Figure 4 As shown, the box 11 includes a plurality of battery accommodating chambers 8 for accommodating battery modules, and a wire groove 9 for cable routing is provided on the reinforcement 5, and adjacent battery accommodating chambers 8 are connected through the wire groove 9. The box 11 is divided by the structure of the reinforcement 5, and the wire groove 9 provided on the reinforcement 5 is used for the passage of cables, so that the battery modules in adjacent battery accommodating chambers 8 are electrically connected through cables, and the installation and connection are very convenient.

[0138] The locking mechanism 3 is provided with a through slot for the hanging member 2 to pass through. Specifically, the through slot extends along the width direction of the locking mechanism 3. Figure 8 In the Y direction, since the locking mechanism 3 is a through groove for the hanging component 2 to penetrate, the hanging component 2 can pass through the locking mechanism 3 and extend out of both sides of the locking mechanism 3, so that the connection stability between the hanging component 2 and the locking mechanism 3 is better and the service life is longer.

[0139] The locking mechanism 3 is described in detail below.

[0140] like Figure 6-Figure 10As shown, the locking mechanism 3 includes a primary lock 31, which includes three primary lock bases 311, three primary lock tongues 312 and a lock link 313. The through groove includes a primary lock groove 314. The primary lock base 311 is provided with a horizontally penetrating and inverted L-shaped primary lock groove 314. The primary lock base 311 and the primary lock tongue 312 are arranged one by one; the primary lock base 311 is arranged on the side wall of the longitudinal beam 201, the first end of the primary lock tongue 312 is rotatably connected to the primary lock base 311, and the second end of the primary lock tongue 312 is rotatably connected to the lock link 313. The three hanging parts 2 at each mounting bracket 4 on the battery pack 100 for electric vehicles are inserted into the primary lock groove 314.

[0141] When the lock link 313 is acted upon by the unlocking mechanism of the battery exchange device, the lock link 313 drives the primary lock tongue 312 to rotate and open the opening of the primary lock slot 314 , and the hanging component 2 enters and exits the primary lock slot 314 through the opening of the primary lock slot 314 .

[0142] Specifically, the primary lock slot 314 is concave upward from the bottom surface of the primary lock base 311 and is used for the hanging component 2 installed on the battery pack 100 to enter. The primary lock base 311 is provided with a lock tongue slot 315 for installing the primary lock tongue 312, and the lock tongue slot 315 is concave downward from the top surface of the primary lock base 311. The lock tongue slot 315 and the primary lock slot 314 are connected, and one end of the primary lock tongue 312 passes through the lock tongue slot 315 and is axially connected to the lock link 313. The lock link 313 is located above each primary lock base 311, and the primary lock tongue 312 is axially connected to the primary lock base 311, so that the lifting and lowering of the lock link 313 can drive the primary lock tongue 312 to rotate about the axial connection point in the primary lock base 311, so that the primary lock tongue 312 enters or leaves the primary lock slot 314, and then the hanging component 2 is switched between the two states of being stuck in the primary lock slot 314 and leaving the primary lock slot 314.

[0143] This embodiment utilizes a lock link 313 to simultaneously control the primary lock tongues 312 of multiple primary lock bases 311, thereby realizing the synchronous unlocking and locking functions of multiple primary lock bases 311, improving the unlocking process of the battery pack 100, and accelerating the replacement efficiency of the battery pack 100.

[0144] The inverted L-shaped primary locking groove 314 includes an opening hole 3141 extending in the vertical direction and a locking hole 3142 extending in the horizontal direction. The top of the opening hole 3141 is connected to the locking hole 3142. The hanging component 2 first reaches the intersection of the opening hole 3141 and the locking hole 3142 from the bottom of the opening hole 3141 in the vertical direction, and then enters the locking hole 3142. Thereafter, the hanging component 2 is locked in the locking hole 3142 of the primary locking groove 314 through the lifting lock link 313.

[0145] Specifically, when in use, the battery pack 100 enters the longitudinal beam 201 upward from the bottom of the electric vehicle 200, and the unlocking mechanism pushes the lock link 313 to move upward, driving the first-level lock tongue 312 to open the first-level lock slot 314, and the hanging part 2 of the battery pack 100 is inserted into the first-level lock slot 314 from the bottom surface of the corresponding first-level lock base 311. Then, the battery pack 100 moves toward the locking hole 3142 of the first-level lock slot 314 under the push of the battery exchange device until the hanging part 2 enters the locking hole 3142, and then drives the hanging part 2 of the battery pack 100 to move toward the locking hole 3142 away from the opening hole 3141. The unlocking mechanism of the battery exchange device no longer acts on the lock link 313, so that the first-level lock tongue 312 is reset, completing the suspension process of the battery pack 100. During the locking process of the hook 2, the lock link 313 drives the primary lock tongue 312 to rotate under the push of the unlocking mechanism, so that the opening hole 3141 of the primary lock slot 314 is connected to the locking hole 3142. When the hook 2 enters the locking hole 3142, the primary lock tongue 312 rotates under the gravity of the lock link 313 to block the retreat path of the hook 2. At this time, the battery pack 100 is completely locked on the electric car 200. When the battery needs to be replaced, the unlocking mechanism pushes the lock link 313 to rise, so that the primary lock tongue 312 rotates and the opening hole 3141 is connected to the locking hole 3142. At this time, the battery pack 100 is moved again to make the hook 2 withdraw from the primary lock slot 314, and the removal process of the battery pack 100 is completed.

[0146] The locking mechanism 3 also includes an elastic reset component 316, which acts on the lock link 313 and drives the primary lock tongue 312 to return to the locked position in the primary lock slot 314. The elastic reset component 316 acts on the lock link 313 and applies a downward force to the lock link 313, and the lock link 313 drives multiple primary lock tongues 312 to rotate and swing downward and extend into the primary lock slot 314, so that multiple primary lock tongues 312 are in the locked position, further improving the stability of the locking mechanism 3 in the locked state. Unlocking can only be achieved by applying an upward external force to the lock link 313 through the unlocking mechanism, and rotating and swinging multiple primary lock tongues 312 upward to leave the primary lock slot 314. In this embodiment, the elastic reset component 316 is a spring.

[0147] like Figure 6 , Fig.10As shown, the locking mechanism 3 also includes a secondary lock 32, and the secondary lock 32 includes a secondary lock base 321 and a secondary lock tongue. The through groove also includes a secondary lock groove 324. The secondary lock base 321 is provided with a horizontally penetrating and inverted L-shaped secondary lock groove 324; the secondary lock base 321 is arranged on the side wall of the longitudinal beam 201, and the first end of the secondary lock tongue is rotatably connected to the secondary lock base 321, and the second end of the secondary lock tongue is a free end; part of the hanging part 2 of the electric vehicle 200 is inserted into the secondary lock groove 324; when the second end of the secondary lock tongue is subjected to the force of the positioning part of the battery replacement equipment, the secondary lock tongue rotates to open the opening of the secondary lock groove 324, and the hanging part 2 enters and exits the secondary lock groove 324 through the opening of the secondary lock groove 324. It should be noted that Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when the hanging component 2 is blocked by the secondary lock tongue.

[0148] The inverted L-shaped secondary locking groove 324 has the same structure as the primary locking groove 314 and will not be described again.

[0149] The secondary lock tongue can rotate relative to the secondary lock base 321 to change between the unlocked state and the locked state. The secondary lock tongue includes a lock tongue body 322 and a lock tongue extension 323 that are fixedly connected. The lock tongue extension 323 is located outside the secondary lock base 321. When the secondary lock tongue is in the locked state, the lock tongue body 322 can prevent the hanging member 2 from leaving the secondary lock groove 324. The rotation of the lock tongue body 322 can be achieved by acting on the lock tongue extension 323 disposed outside the secondary lock base 321, and unlocking is convenient.

[0150] The locking mechanism 3 further includes a reset component 325, which is disposed on the secondary lock base 321 and acts on the secondary lock tongue. The reset component 325 can be elastically deformed to facilitate the secondary lock tongue to be reset from an unlocked state to a locked state, making it convenient to install and lock the battery pack 100. Under the action of the reset component 325, the secondary lock tongue will not easily change to an unlocked state, and the locking is more reliable. In this embodiment, the reset component 325 is a spring.

[0151] The locking process of the secondary lock 32: the lock shaft moves upward under the action of external force, enters through the opening hole 3141 of the secondary lock groove 324, and the lock shaft acts on the lock tongue body 322 to rotate the secondary lock tongue. After the secondary lock tongue rotates to a certain angle, a channel for the hanging part 2 to pass through is formed in the secondary lock groove 324, and the lock shaft can enter the locking hole 3142 from the opening hole 3141; until the lock shaft is no longer in contact with the lock tongue body 322, the secondary lock tongue rotates under the action of the reset component 325 and resets to the locked state.

[0152] The unlocking process of the secondary lock 32: the positioning part of the battery exchange equipment applies an upward force to the lock tongue extension part 323, causing the secondary lock tongue to rotate. After the secondary lock tongue rotates to a certain angle, a channel for the lock shaft to pass through is formed in the secondary lock groove 324. The lock shaft can enter the opening hole 3141 from the locking hole 3142, and then move downward through the opening of the opening hole 3141 and leave the locking mechanism 3.

[0153] The primary lock 31, secondary lock 32, and support seat 33 are respectively at the same height as the connection points of the corresponding hooking parts 2 and are all located above the lower end of the longitudinal beam 201. The height of the battery pack 100 connected to the locking mechanism 3 is increased, which is convenient for the battery swapping equipment to swap batteries, thereby further increasing the height space below the battery pack 100 after it is connected to the longitudinal beam 201, leaving more height space for the battery swapping equipment to swap batteries.

[0154] like Figure 6 As shown, the locking mechanism 3 further includes a support seat 33, and the through slot further includes a support slot. A horizontal through inverted L-shaped support slot is provided on the support seat 33, and part of the hanging member 2 of the battery pack 100 for electric vehicles is inserted into the support slot. After the battery pack 100 is connected to the longitudinal beam 201 by using the primary lock 31, a support seat 33 having an inverted L-shaped through slot is arranged around the primary lock 31, and the hanging member 2 is hung by using the support slot of the support seat 33, thereby increasing the connection points between the battery pack 100 and the locking mechanism 3, so that the battery pack 100 is more stably connected to the electric vehicle 200.

[0155] like Figure 6 As shown, in order to make the force received by the locking mechanism 3 be more evenly transmitted to the longitudinal beam 201, the electric vehicle 200 further includes: a fixing bracket 202, the fixing bracket 202 is arranged on the longitudinal beam 201, and the locking mechanism 3 is arranged on the fixing bracket 202. Specifically, there are two fixing brackets 202, and the two fixing brackets 202 are respectively arranged on the opposite side walls of the two longitudinal beams 201, so that the locking mechanism 3 and the longitudinal beam 201 are arranged one by one. Compared with the locking mechanism 3 being directly connected to the longitudinal beam 201, the locking mechanism 3 is connected to the longitudinal beam 201 through the fixing bracket 202, which increases the connection area between the locking mechanism 3 and the longitudinal beam 201, so that the battery pack 100 is more stably connected to the electric vehicle 200.

[0156] In another specific implementation, the locking mechanism 3 may also be disposed at the bottom of the longitudinal beam 201 , which will not be described in detail here.

[0157] Example 2

[0158] Embodiment 2 discloses another battery pack 100 for electric vehicles. The structure of the battery pack 100 for electric vehicles in Embodiment 2 is substantially the same as that of the battery pack 100 for electric vehicles in Embodiment 1, except that: Figure 11-Figure 12 As shown, the mounting bracket 4 arranged on the top of the battery pack 100 for electric vehicles in Example 2 includes a pair of connecting mounting plates 44 arranged opposite to each other. The pair of connecting mounting plates 44 are arranged on the top of the box cover 12. The two ends of the lock shaft are respectively connected to the connecting mounting plates 44 on the corresponding sides. The pair of connecting mounting plates 44 constitute the locking area. The two connecting mounting plates 44 are arranged at intervals, and the two connecting mounting plates 44 are arranged perpendicular to the top of the box cover 12. The two ends of the lock shaft are fixed respectively by the two connecting mounting plates 44 arranged at intervals. Compared with single-sided fixing, the connection strength between the lock shaft and the mounting bracket 4 is improved, the connection stability of the lock shaft is improved, and at the same time, the lock shaft can withstand greater force. In addition, the gravity of the battery pack body 1 received by the connecting mounting plate 44 is in the same direction as its own extension direction, so it is not easy to be deformed due to force, and the service life is longer.

[0159] Furthermore, the connecting mounting plate 44 includes a first mounting plate 441 and a second mounting plate 442 which are perpendicular to each other, the second mounting plate 442 is connected to the top of the box cover 12, and the two first mounting plates 441 are symmetrically arranged. Specifically, the two first mounting plates 441 are symmetrically arranged and have the same height, so that it is more stable and convenient to connect the lock shaft using the two first mounting plates 441. At the same time, the second mounting plate 442 is attached to the top of the box cover 12, and the two first mounting plates 441 are vertically connected to the second mounting plate 442, so that the force on the lock shaft will be more evenly transmitted to the battery pack 100 box body 11 through the two first mounting plates 441 and the second mounting plates 442 in turn, so that the overall structural stability of the battery pack 100 is better.

[0160] In this embodiment, the second mounting plates 442 of a pair of connecting mounting plates 44 are integrally formed, so that the two connecting mounting plates 44 are integrated into a whole, thereby improving the overall structural strength.

[0161] In other more preferred embodiments, a third guide block (not shown in the figure) is elastically provided on the end face of the first mounting plate 441 close to the longitudinal beam 201, and the third guide block has a third clamping surface for abutting against the side face of the longitudinal beam 201. The third guide block is elastically provided on the end face of the first mounting plate 441 close to the longitudinal beam 201, so that when the locking mechanism 3 enters the locking area of ​​the mounting bracket 4, the third guide block provides a clamping force to the longitudinal beam 201, thereby realizing the positioning of the battery pack body 1 by the longitudinal beam 201 in the horizontal direction, so that after the battery pack 100 is installed on the longitudinal beam 201, the positioning ability of the battery pack 100 relative to the longitudinal beam 201 is improved, and the shaking of the battery pack 100 when locked on the electric vehicle 200 is avoided, thereby improving the stability of the battery pack 100 when in use.

[0162] The third guide block is provided with a third guide surface at an angle at one end away from the box cover 12, and along the vertical direction from bottom to top, the third guide surface gradually approaches the first mounting plate 441. The third guide surface is arc-shaped. When the battery pack 100 is locked on the longitudinal beam 201, the battery pack 100 gradually rises, and the locking mechanism 3 gradually enters the locking area of ​​the mounting bracket 4. The third guide surface of the third guide block can position and guide the position of the battery pack body 1 in the horizontal direction, so that the locking mechanism 3 on the longitudinal beam 201 can smoothly extend into the locking area and lock with the hanging member 2, thereby improving safety and stability. In other specific embodiments, the third guide surface can also be a plane.

[0163] Furthermore, there are a plurality of third guide blocks, which are arranged on the first mounting plate 441 at intervals along the length direction of the longitudinal beam 201 .

[0164] like Fig.13 As shown, the locking mechanism 3 in this embodiment has the same structure as the primary lock 31 and the support seat 33 in the locking mechanism 3 in Embodiment 1, and will not be described again here.

[0165] Example 3

[0166] Embodiment 3 discloses another battery pack 100 for electric vehicles. The structure of embodiment 3 is substantially the same as that of embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, except that: Figure 14-15 As shown, a lifting mechanism 10 is provided at a position corresponding to the locking mechanism 3 in the box body 11 of Example 3. The lifting mechanism 10 includes a lifting rod 101 for lifting the lock link 313 of the locking mechanism 3. The lifting rod 101 is vertically arranged and can move along the vertical direction.

[0167] Specifically, the lifting mechanism 10 also includes a guide seat 102 disposed in the box body 11, and a guide hole 1021 matching the shape of the push rod 101 is provided on the guide seat 102, and the push rod 101 is penetrated through the guide hole 1021 and the upper end of the push rod 101 passes through the box cover 12 and extends into the locking area, and a lifting hole 103 is provided at the position of the box body 11 corresponding to the push rod 101. The top of the push rod 101 passes through the top of the box cover 12 and extends into the locking area, so that the push rod 101 moves upward to lift the lock link 313 to achieve unlocking. The guide seat 102 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the box body 11 and extends upward from the bottom. The guide seat 102 is sleeved on the outside of the push rod 101, and the push rod 101 moves up and down inside the guide seat 102. The guide seat 102 plays a role in guiding the push rod 101, so that the push rod 101 has better stability during the up and down movement, and avoids the push rod 101 from tilting.

[0168] The lifting mechanism 10 further includes an elastic member 104 for realizing the automatic reset of the ejector rod 101. In this embodiment, the elastic member 104 is a spring. A limiting flange 105 is arranged around the lower end of the ejector rod 101. The elastic member 104 is sleeved on the ejector rod 101 and the two ends of the elastic member 104 are respectively in contact with the guide seat 102 and the limiting flange 105, and a force is applied to the limiting flange 105 toward the bottom of the box body 11. Since the elastic member 104 is located between the guide seat 102 and the limiting flange 105, the elastic member 104 is gradually further compressed during the process of lifting the ejector rod 101 by the unlocking mechanism. After the unlocking is completed or the force of the unlocking mechanism is removed from the ejector rod 101, the elastic member 104 will apply a force in the opposite direction to the limiting flange 105 and the guide seat 102, and the ejector rod 101 is automatically reset by applying a force to the limiting flange 105 by the elastic member 104.

[0169] Furthermore, a stopper 106 is provided at a position of the box body 11 near the guide hole 1021. In this embodiment, the stopper 106 is a straight plate, and a stopper hole is provided on the stopper 106. The stopper hole is coaxially arranged with the push rod 101, and the radial dimension of the stopper hole is smaller than the radial dimension of the end of the push rod 101 near the box body 11. Since the force applied by the elastic body is uncontrollable, in order to prevent the push rod 101 from falling off from the box body 11 after resetting, the stopper 106 is provided at the position of the guide hole 1021 on the bottom surface of the box body 11, thereby improving the safety and stability of the lifting mechanism 10. At the same time, a stopper hole with a radial dimension smaller than that of the push rod 101 is provided on the stopper 106, which ensures safety and stability while also allowing the unlocking mechanism to pass through the stopper hole, thereby making reasonable use of space.

[0170] In other specific embodiments, the locking mechanism 3 and the hanging component 2 may also be replaced by other locking methods, such as a T-type locking method or a threaded locking method. The following briefly introduces the two methods.

[0171] The first type: T-type locking method

[0172] The locking mechanism 3 includes a locking seat, which has a first opening extending in a vertical direction. A first threaded portion is provided in the first opening, and the first threaded portion is an internal thread. The hanging component 2 includes a mounting seat and an unlocking rod. A second opening extending in a vertical direction is provided in the mounting seat, and the unlocking rod is vertically arranged in the second opening. The unlocking rod can move in a vertical direction relative to the mounting seat, and a second threaded portion matching the first threaded portion is provided on the unlocking rod. The second threaded portion can engage with the first threaded portion, thereby realizing locking and unlocking of the locking mechanism and the locking matching mechanism.

[0173] The second method: thread locking

[0174] The locking mechanism 3 includes a locking seat, which has a first opening extending in the vertical direction. A limiting portion is provided in the first opening. The first opening is a square hole and the limiting portion is formed above the first opening. The hanging component 2 includes an unlocking rod, and a stop portion is provided at the upper end of the unlocking rod. The stop portion includes a locking rod extending in the horizontal direction. The locking rod is a columnar body and is horizontally arranged on the top of the unlocking rod. The locking rod and the unlocking rod together form a T-shaped structure.

[0175] When the locking rod is at a first angle, the locking rod can pass through the first opening and enter the limiting portion of the locking seat. When the locking rod is rotated to a second angle, the locking rod can be restricted in the limiting portion, thereby making the locking mechanism and the locking matching mechanism relatively fixed.

[0176] The above embodiment makes full use of the height space below the longitudinal beam 201. When the battery swapping device disassembles the battery pack 100, the unloaded battery swapping device can directly enter the space below the battery pack 100 without interfering with the bottom of the electric vehicle 200. When the battery swapping device installs the battery pack 100, the battery swapping device carrying the battery pack 100 can also directly enter the bottom of the longitudinal beam 201 of the vehicle body for battery swapping without interfering with the bottom of the electric vehicle 200. During the whole process, there is no need to lift the vehicle body, set up a sunken space or dig a pit for the battery swapping equipment to enter and exit, which reduces the cost, time and difficulty of building a battery swapping station, reduces the requirements for the site of the station, and improves the efficiency of battery swapping.

[0177] Although the specific embodiments of the present invention are described above, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that this is only for illustration and the protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, but these changes and modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery pack for an electric vehicle, which is detachably mounted on a longitudinal beam of the electric vehicle, characterized in that: The battery pack for electric vehicle comprises: A battery pack body, the battery pack body comprising a box body and a box cover, the top of the box body having an opening, the box cover being arranged at the opening of the box body and covering the opening, and the box body being provided with a battery module for external charging and discharging; A hanging part, the hanging part is arranged at a position on the top of the box cover corresponding to the locking mechanism on the longitudinal beam; The battery pack body is provided with an unlocking guide hole for the unlocking mechanism of the battery replacement equipment to pass through. The unlocking guide hole passes through the box body and the box cover in sequence, and at least part of the hanging part is located above the unlocking guide hole. The lower space of the battery pack body is connected with the locking area through the unlocking guide hole.

2. The battery pack for electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery pack for electric vehicles further comprises: a mounting bracket, the mounting bracket being arranged on the top of the box cover, at least one end of the hanging member being connected to the mounting bracket, the mounting bracket and the hanging member jointly forming a locking area for achieving locking; Preferably, a reinforcement is provided inside the box body at a position corresponding to the bottom of the mounting bracket, the mounting bracket is connected to the reinforcement and the box cover is clamped between the reinforcement and the mounting bracket; and / or, the mounting bracket extends along the length direction of the longitudinal beam; and / or, there are two mounting brackets, and the two mounting brackets are symmetrically arranged on the top of the box cover relative to the symmetry plane of the battery pack body.

3. The battery pack for electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery pack body is provided with a positioning guide hole for the positioning part of the battery replacement equipment to pass through. The positioning guide hole passes through the box body and the box cover in sequence, and part of the hanging part is located above the positioning guide hole. The lower space of the battery pack body is connected with the locking area through the positioning guide hole.

4. The battery pack for electric vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hanging member is a locking shaft and there are multiple locking shafts, and the locking shafts are arranged on the end surface of the mounting bracket close to the longitudinal beam along the length direction of the longitudinal beam; Preferably, the mounting bracket comprises a first vertical plate, the first vertical plate is vertically arranged on the top of the box cover, and one end of the lock shaft is connected to the first vertical plate; Preferably, the battery pack for electric vehicles further comprises: a coarse positioning mechanism, the coarse positioning mechanism being arranged on the end surface of the first vertical plate close to the longitudinal beam; Preferably, the rough positioning mechanism comprises a first guide block, the first guide block is elastically arranged on the end surface of the first vertical plate close to the longitudinal beam, and the first guide block has a first clamping surface for abutting against the side surface of the longitudinal beam; Preferably, the first guide block is provided with a first guide surface at an angle at one end away from the box cover, and the first guide surface gradually approaches the first vertical plate along the vertical direction from bottom to top; and / or, there are multiple first guide blocks, and the multiple first guide blocks and the multiple locking shafts are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the longitudinal beam.

5. The battery pack for electric vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mounting bracket further includes a second vertical plate, the second vertical plate is vertically arranged on the top of the box cover, and the locking shaft and the rough positioning mechanism are both located between the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate, and the first vertical plate, the second vertical plate and the locking shaft together constitute the locking area; Preferably, the battery pack for electric vehicles further comprises: a fine positioning mechanism, the fine positioning mechanism is provided on the end surface of the second vertical plate close to the first vertical plate, and the rough positioning mechanism and the fine positioning mechanism are used to respectively abut against both sides of the longitudinal beam along the width direction thereof; Preferably, the distance between one end of the coarse positioning mechanism away from the box cover and the box cover is greater than the distance between one end of the fine positioning mechanism away from the box cover and the box cover; and / or, the fine positioning mechanism comprises a second guide block, the second guide block is elastically arranged on the end surface of the second vertical plate close to the first vertical plate, the second guide block has a second clamping surface for abutting against the side surface of the longitudinal beam; the second guide block is inclinedly provided with a second guide surface at one end away from the box cover, and the second guide surface gradually approaches the second vertical plate along the vertical direction from bottom to top; and / or, there are multiple fine positioning mechanisms, and the multiple fine positioning mechanisms are arranged on the second vertical plate at intervals along the length direction of the longitudinal beam.

6. The battery pack for electric vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mounting bracket also includes a bottom plate attached to the top of the box cover, the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate are both erected on the bottom plate, the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate are both connected to the top of the box cover through the bottom plate, and the first vertical plate, the second vertical plate, the bottom plate and the locking shaft together constitute the locking area.

7. The battery pack for electric vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mounting bracket includes a pair of connecting mounting plates arranged opposite to each other, the pair of connecting mounting plates are arranged on the top of the box cover, the two ends of the lock shaft are respectively connected to the connecting mounting plates on the corresponding sides, and the pair of connecting mounting plates constitute the locking area; Preferably, the connecting mounting plate comprises a first mounting plate and a second mounting plate which are perpendicular to each other, the second mounting plate is connected to the top of the box cover, and the two first mounting plates are symmetrically arranged; Preferably, a third guide block is elastically provided on the end surface of the first mounting plate close to the longitudinal beam, and the third guide block has a third clamping surface for abutting against the side surface of the longitudinal beam; Preferably, there are multiple third guide blocks, and the multiple third guide blocks are arranged on the first mounting plate at intervals along the length direction of the longitudinal beam; and / or, the third guide block is inclined at one end away from the box cover and the third guide surface gradually approaches the first mounting plate along the vertical direction from bottom to top.

8. The battery pack for electric vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The box body includes a plurality of battery accommodating cavities for accommodating the battery modules. The reinforcement is provided with a wire-passing groove for routing cables, and adjacent battery accommodating cavities are connected via the wire-passing groove.

9. The battery pack for electric vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: A lifting mechanism is provided in the box body at a position corresponding to the locking mechanism, and the lifting mechanism includes a lifting rod for lifting the lock link of the locking mechanism, and the lifting rod is vertically arranged and can move along the vertical direction; Preferably, the lifting mechanism further comprises a guide seat arranged in the box body, the guide seat is provided with a guide hole, the lift rod is passed through the guide hole and the upper end of the lift rod passes through the box cover and extends into the locking area, and the box body is provided with a lifting hole at a position corresponding to the lift rod; Preferably, the lifting mechanism further comprises an elastic member, a limiting flange is provided around the lower end of the push rod, two ends of the elastic member are respectively connected to the guide seat and the limiting flange, and a force toward the bottom of the box body is applied to the limiting flange; and / or, a limiting member is provided at a position of the box body close to the guide hole, a limiting hole is provided on the limiting member, the limiting hole is coaxially arranged with the push rod, and the radial dimension of the limiting hole is smaller than the radial dimension of the end of the push rod close to the box body; Preferably, the elastic member is sleeved on the push rod, and the first end of the elastic member is abutted against the limiting flange, and the second end of the elastic member is abutted against the guide seat.

10. An electric vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises a longitudinal beam and a battery pack for an electric vehicle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a locking mechanism is provided on the longitudinal beam, and the battery pack for an electric vehicle is detachably connected to the longitudinal beam through the cooperation of the hanging part and the locking mechanism.

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