A Fault Diagnosis Method for Belt Conveyors Based on Sound Signals

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fault diagnosis method for a belt conveyor based on sound signals in the field of conveyors. Through the setting of two groups of vibration measurement optical cables and temperature sensing optical cables, it can effectively sense the real-time temperature and sound changes of each group of idlers. When wear occurs, it can accurately locate the position of the faulty idler, so as to accurately locate and give an early warning to the faulty idler before an accident occurs, thereby greatly reducing the irreparable wear of the faulty idler. In addition, during the temperature detection process, with the setting of a heat conduction bridge, the three-point temperature of the same group of idlers can be detected and cross-compared. On the one hand, it can effectively detect whether the corresponding idler is abnormal. On the other hand, it can also provide reference data for other idlers. Compared with non-contact and single-point temperature monitoring, the accuracy of the detection results is greatly improved, and the occurrence of false alarms is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] A belt conveyor fault diagnosis method based on sound signals according to the present invention, especially a belt conveyor fault diagnosis method based on sound signals applied to the conveyor field. Background Art

[0002] The belt conveyor, also known as the belt conveyor, is widely used in various industries such as household appliances, electronics, electrical appliances, machinery, tobacco, injection molding, post and telecommunications, printing, food, etc., for the assembly, inspection, debugging, packaging and transportation of objects. The belt conveyor has strong conveying capacity, long conveying distance, simple structure and easy maintenance, and can be conveniently programmed and automated. It uses the continuous or intermittent movement of the conveyor belt to convey items below 100KG or powdery and granular items, with high-speed, stable operation, low noise, and can convey up and down slopes.

[0003] When the belt conveyor is conveying materials, the idlers are very easy to wear, resulting in abnormal noises and heat generation. However, since the conveyor is generally installed in factories, workshops or construction sites, the noise is generally large and the environmental temperature is high, making it difficult to detect when the conveyor idlers are abnormal. Often, it is not noticed until the wear is very serious, which not only affects the stable conveying of materials by the conveyor, but also easily causes irreparable damage to the idlers. In severe cases, accidents such as large-scale shedding of materials from the conveyor may even occur.

[0004] To overcome the above problems, the Chinese patent specification with the publication number CN116280987A discloses a belt conveyor fault monitoring and early warning system, which collects images and real-time monitors key parts of the belt conveyor during operation through an image acquisition system. However, the belt conveyor is generally for long-distance conveying, and it is difficult to obtain all continuous image information in this way, resulting in relatively low accuracy of the monitoring results.

[0005] The Chinese patent specification with the publication number CN101975083B discloses a belt conveyor idler fault monitoring system, which diagnoses faults by collecting sound signals or temperature signals. However, the acquisition of temperature signals is a non-contact sensor installed under the belt conveyor. For the lower part of the belt conveyor, affected by air convection, part of the heat will be carried away, resulting in generally lower measured data. And because the air convection situation in the environment is relatively complex and changeable, it is not certain, resulting in the low amplitude of this data also being in a fluctuating state, making it easy to ignore some abnormalities of the idlers during monitoring and affecting the monitoring accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Aiming at the above-mentioned prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that due to the special working environment, it is difficult to detect in time when the idlers of the belt conveyor are severely worn.

[0007] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a fault diagnosis method for a belt conveyor based on sound signals. A roller monitoring system is used to monitor the rollers of the belt conveyor and perform fault diagnosis. The roller monitoring system includes a monitoring and analysis layer, a network transmission platform, two monitoring platforms, and an alarm unit. One monitoring platform includes a temperature-sensitive optical cable installed at the left and right bottoms of the rollers of the belt conveyor and a temperature measurement host for receiving temperature data on the temperature-sensitive optical cable. The other monitoring platform includes a vibration measurement optical cable installed between adjacent rollers of the belt conveyor and a sound monitoring host for receiving vibration data on the vibration measurement optical cable. A heat conduction bridge is provided between the temperature-sensitive optical cable and the end of the roller of the belt conveyor. The initial end of the heat conduction bridge is located at the roller bearing, and the end is sleeved outside the temperature-sensitive optical cable;

[0008] The fault diagnosis method for the belt conveyor includes the following steps:

[0009] S1. First, install two groups of temperature measurement optical cables at the bottom of the rollers of the belt conveyor. The two temperature measurement optical cables pass through the bottoms of multiple rollers movably, and vibration measurement optical cables are respectively arranged at two gaps of the upper roller body of the same roller, and the temperature-sensitive optical cable is located below the vibration measurement optical cable;

[0010] S2. Mark the positions corresponding to the rollers for the temperature-sensitive optical cable and the vibration measurement optical cable. The temperature measurement host and the sound monitoring host obtain the measured data in real time and send the data to the monitoring and analysis layer through the network transmission platform;

[0011] S3. The monitoring and analysis layer first intercepts the temperature data and vibration data of each marked point in the data, and compares the temperature data and vibration data with the preset threshold ranges respectively. When they are not within the threshold ranges, it indicates that the corresponding roller is abnormal. At this time, the monitoring and analysis layer reversely infers the corresponding roller according to the marked points to locate the fault point and perform alarm processing.

[0012] In the above-mentioned fault diagnosis method for the belt conveyor based on sound signals, through the setting of two groups of vibration measurement optical cables and temperature-sensitive optical cables, the real-time temperature and sound changes of each group of rollers can be effectively sensed. When wear occurs, the two data will show abnormal changes, so that the position of "a certain group" of faulty rollers can be accurately located, and accurate positioning and early warning of the faulty rollers can be carried out before an accident occurs, which is convenient for timely maintenance, greatly reduces the irreparable wear of the faulty rollers, and ensures the stable conveying of materials.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present application, when marking the temperature-sensitive optical cable in step S2, three marked points are taken at the same conveyor roller. The three marked points are respectively:

[0014] At the end of the heat conduction bridge corresponding to the outer bearing of the inclined roller body, which is denoted as point A here;

[0015] At the end of the heat conduction bridge corresponding to the inner bearing of the inclined roller body, which is denoted as point B here;

[0016] The outer end of the temperature-sensitive optical cable close to the idler roller and in the exposed state, which is denoted as point C here, and the straight-line distance between point C and the corresponding idler roller does not exceed half of the distance between two adjacent idler rollers;

[0017] The values monitored at multiple corresponding point A on multiple idler rollers form a set of data. Correspondingly, the values monitored at multiple point B and multiple point C also form a set of data.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present application, the heat conduction bridge includes two vertical heat insulation pipes respectively fixedly connected to the left and right ends of the inclined roller frame, a flat heat insulation sheet fixedly connected to the upper end of the idler roller platform, and two heat accumulation rings sleeved outside the vibration measurement optical cable. Heat conduction cores are fixedly inlaid in both the vertical heat insulation pipes and the flat heat insulation sheet. The ends of the two heat conduction cores are fixedly extended to the heat accumulation rings and fixedly connected to the heat accumulation rings. The flat heat insulation sheet is fixedly connected to the vertical heat insulation pipe at the lower end of the inclined roller body, and the heat conduction core in the vertical heat insulation pipe at the lower end of the inclined roller body fixedly penetrates through the flat heat insulation sheet.

[0019] As a further improvement of the present application, the method for comparing the data monitored by the temperature-sensitive optical cable in step S3 includes the following steps:

[0020] S31. After the monitoring and analysis layer receives the data of multiple marked points, first compare the values of point A and point B at the same conveyor idler roller. When the difference between the two is within the preset safe value range, it is initially determined that the corresponding idler roller does not have abnormal heating. When the difference between the two exceeds the preset safe value range, it is initially determined that there may be an abnormality in the corresponding conveyor idler roller, and these conveyor idler rollers are selected and waiting for secondary monitoring and analysis;

[0021] S32. The monitoring and analysis layer analyzes the values of multiple point A and multiple point B corresponding to the idler rollers without abnormal heating, selects multiple values with low dispersion for averaging to obtain A 均 and B 均 ;

[0022] S33. Compare the value of point A at the idler roller with possible abnormality with A average, and compare the value of point B with B 均 average. When the difference between the two is within the preset range of the threshold value, it indicates that there is no abnormal heating in the corresponding idler roller. When the difference between the two exceeds the preset range of the threshold value, it indicates that the corresponding idler roller is abnormal.

[0023] As a further improvement of the present application, when it is determined that the idler roller is abnormal, compare the value at point C of the corresponding idler roller with A 均 and B 均Compare them. The smaller the difference between the two is, the more serious the heating condition of the idler is. At the same time, calculate the average value C of the data at C according to the operation in step S32. 均 , C 均 The larger it is, the worse the ventilation and heat dissipation conditions at the bottom idlers of the belt conveyor are. When C 均 exceeds the corresponding set threshold, the monitoring and analysis layer determines that the ventilation is abnormal.

[0024] As another improvement of the present application, a wear compensation unit is further provided at the inclined roller body of the conveyor idler. The wear compensation unit includes monitoring components fixedly connected to the left and right ends of the inclined roller bracket and two compensation components installed at the bottom of the inclined roller bracket. The monitoring components include two L-shaped brackets respectively fixedly connected to the left and right ends of the inclined roller bracket. A bearing plate is fixedly connected to the end of the L-shaped bracket. A laser emitter and a light-receiving hemisphere are respectively fixedly installed at one end of the two bearing plates close to each other. The light-receiving hemisphere is located at the lower end of the inclined roller body.

[0025] As a supplement to another improvement of the present application, the compensation component includes two electric push rods fixedly connected to the bottom of the inclined roller bracket and a compensation roller rotatably connected between the extended ends of the two electric push rods. The compensation roller is parallel to the bottom of the inclined roller bracket and does not contact the inclined roller body.

[0026] As a supplement to another improvement of the present application, the laser emitter, the inclined roller body and the light-receiving hemisphere are coaxially arranged, and the light-receiving hemisphere is of a hemispherical structure.

[0027] To sum up, through the setting of two groups of vibration measurement optical cables and temperature sensing optical cables, it is possible to effectively sense the real-time temperature and sound changes of each group of idlers. When wear occurs, the two data will change abnormally, so that the position of "a certain group" of faulty idlers can be accurately located, so as to accurately locate and give an early warning to the faulty idlers before an accident occurs, which is convenient for timely maintenance, greatly reducing the irreparable wear of the faulty idlers and ensuring the stable conveying of materials; in addition, during the detection process, three-point temperature detection is carried out for the idlers in the same group and compared. On the one hand, it can effectively detect whether the corresponding idler is abnormal, and on the other hand, it can also be used as a comparison for the data of other idlers. Compared with single-point temperature monitoring, the accuracy of the detection result is greatly improved, effectively avoiding false alarms; in addition, when abnormal wear is determined, under the setting of the wear compensation unit, the abnormal idler with wear can be compensated and corrected at a fixed point, so that before the staff repairs it, it can not only work normally, but also achieve the effect of suppressing the wear amplitude. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 is the principle block diagram of the idler monitoring system of the first embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 2Schematic diagram of the vibration measurement optical cable and the temperature sensing optical cable of the first embodiment of the present application after being installed on a belt conveyor;

[0030] Figure 3 Fault diagnosis flowchart of the first embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 4 Stereogram of the separate idler part of the second embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 5 is Figure 4 Enlarged view of part a in;

[0033] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional heat conduction bridge of the second embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 7 Schematic diagram when the temperature sensing optical cable of the second embodiment of the present application marks multiple idlers;

[0035] Figure 8 Principle block diagram of the fault diagnosis process of the second embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 9 Stereogram of the inclined roller body part of the third embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 10 Front view of the inclined roller body part of the third embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 11 Before and after wear compensation in the third embodiment of the present application Figure 10 Schematic diagram of part b in;

[0039] Figure 12 Front schematic view of the wear monitoring unit of the third embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the change after wear occurs in the inclined roller body of the third embodiment of the present application.

[0041] Explanation of the reference numerals in the figure:

[0042] 1 Heat conduction bridge, 11 Vertical heat insulation pipe, 12 Flat heat insulation sheet, 13 Heat conduction core, 14 Heat accumulation ring, 21 L-shaped bracket, 22 Bearing plate, 23 Laser emitter, 24 Light receiving hemisphere, 3 Compensation assembly, 31 Compensation roller, 32 Electric push rod. Specific embodiments

[0043] The following describes two embodiments of the present application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] The first embodiment:

[0045] Figure 1 It is shown that a fault diagnosis method for a belt conveyor based on sound signals uses a idler monitoring system to monitor the idlers of the belt conveyor and perform fault diagnosis. The idler monitoring system includes a monitoring and analysis layer, a network transmission platform, two monitoring platforms and an alarm unit. One monitoring platform includes a temperature-sensitive optical cable installed at the left and right bottoms of the idler of the belt conveyor and a temperature measurement host for receiving the temperature data on the temperature-sensitive optical cable. The temperature-sensitive optical cable uses a distributed fiber linear temperature sensor, which can real-time monitor the temperature changes of each point along the optical fiber within a range of no less than 10 km in full length. The monitoring range is large and the monitoring points are continuous. Furthermore, it can perform synchronous temperature monitoring on multiple idlers of the conveyor, facilitating the timely detection of the phenomenon of abnormal temperature rise caused by abnormal wear of some idlers. The other monitoring platform includes a vibration measurement optical cable installed between adjacent rollers of the idler of the belt conveyor and a sound monitoring host for receiving the vibration data on the vibration measurement optical cable. The vibration measurement optical cable can real-time monitor the vibration changes of each point along the optical fiber within a range of no less than 10 km in full length. The monitoring range is large and the monitoring points are continuous. Since abnormal noises are mostly caused by abnormal vibrations due to wear, the monitoring of abnormalities mainly relies on the vibration monitoring at the bearing. A heat conduction bridge 1 is provided between the temperature-sensitive optical cable and the end of the idler of the belt conveyor. The initial end of the heat conduction bridge 1 is located at the idler bearing, and the end is sleeved outside the temperature-sensitive optical cable. As Figure 6 , the heat conduction bridge 1 includes two vertical heat insulation pipes 11 respectively fixedly connected to the left and right ends of the inclined roller frame, a flat heat insulation sheet 12 fixedly connected to the upper end of the idler platform, and two heat collecting rings 14 sleeved outside the vibration measurement optical cable. Heat conduction cores 13 are fixedly embedded in both the vertical heat insulation pipes 11 and the flat heat insulation sheet 12. The ends of the two heat conduction cores 13 are fixedly extended to the heat collecting rings 14 and fixedly connected to the heat collecting rings 14. The flat heat insulation sheet 12 is fixedly connected to the vertical heat insulation pipe 11 at the low end of the inclined roller body, and the heat conduction core 13 in the vertical heat insulation pipe 11 at the low end of the inclined roller body fixedly penetrates the flat heat insulation sheet 12. Through the setting of the heat conduction bridge 1, the heat generated at the idler bearing can be gathered along the heat conduction core 13 towards the temperature-sensitive optical cable, so that the temperature at the heat collecting ring 14 is closer to the actual temperature of the idler, thereby improving the timeliness and accuracy of abnormal diagnosis. Compared with the method of directly detecting the air at the bottom of the idler by the temperature-sensitive optical cable, it effectively reduces the influence of air convection on the temperature, and further effectively ensures that abnormal heating can be detected more timely, ensuring the accuracy of fault diagnosis.

[0046] It should be noted that to ensure the accuracy of the monitoring results, the vibration measurement optical cable needs to be in close contact with the bearing of the idler to be measured.

[0047] The fault diagnosis method for the belt conveyor includes the following steps:

[0048] S1, as Figures 2 - 3, first, install two groups of temperature measurement optical cables at the bottom of the idlers of the belt conveyor. The two temperature measurement optical cables pass through the bottoms of multiple idlers movably, and vibration measurement optical cables are respectively arranged at two gaps of the roller body of the same idler, and the temperature sensing optical cable is located below the vibration measurement optical cable;

[0049] S2. Mark the positions corresponding to the idlers for the temperature sensing optical cable and the vibration measurement optical cable. The temperature measurement host and the sound monitoring host obtain the measured data in real time, and send the data to the monitoring and analysis layer through the network transmission platform. The network transmission platform mainly relies on a network switch to achieve, which is an existing technology and will not be elaborated too much on the specific settings;

[0050] S3. The monitoring and analysis layer first intercepts the temperature data and vibration data of each marked point in the data, and compares the temperature data and vibration data with the preset threshold ranges respectively. When they are not within the threshold ranges, it indicates that the corresponding idler is abnormal. At this time, the monitoring and analysis layer reversely infers the corresponding idler according to the marked point, so as to locate the fault point and perform alarm processing.

[0051] In the above belt conveyor fault diagnosis method based on sound signals, through the settings of two groups of vibration measurement optical cables and temperature sensing optical cables, the real-time temperature and sound changes of each group of idlers can be effectively sensed. When wear occurs, the two data will show abnormal changes, so that the position of "a certain group" of faulty idlers can be accurately located, so as to accurately locate and give an early warning to the faulty idler before an accident occurs, which is convenient for timely maintenance, greatly reduces the irreparable wear of the faulty idler, and ensures the stable conveying of materials.

[0052] The second implementation method:

[0053] As Figure 4 、 Figure 5 And Figure 7 , when marking the temperature sensing optical cable in step S2, take three marking points at the same conveyor idler. The three marking points are respectively:

[0054] At the end of the heat conduction bridge 1 corresponding to the outer bearing of the inclined roller body, which is recorded as point A here;

[0055] At the end of the heat conduction bridge 1 corresponding to the inner bearing of the inclined roller body, which is recorded as point B here;

[0056] The outer end of the temperature sensing optical cable close to the idler and in the exposed state, which is recorded as point C here, and the straight-line distance between point C and the corresponding idler does not exceed half of the distance between two adjacent idlers;

[0057] The values monitored at multiple points A corresponding to multiple idlers form a set of data. Correspondingly, the values monitored at multiple points B and multiple points C also form a set of data.

[0058] As Figure 8, the method for comparing the data monitored by the temperature-sensitive optical cable in step S3 includes the following steps:

[0059] S31. After the monitoring and analysis layer receives the data of multiple marking points, it first compares the values at point A and point B at the same conveyor idler. When the difference between the two is within the preset safe value range, it is initially determined that the corresponding idler does not have abnormal heating. When the difference between the two exceeds the preset safe value range, it is initially determined that there may be an abnormality in the corresponding conveyor idler, and this part of the conveyor idlers is selected and waiting for secondary monitoring and analysis;

[0060] S32. The monitoring and analysis layer analyzes the values of multiple points A and multiple points B corresponding to the idlers without abnormal heating, selects multiple values with low dispersion for averaging, and obtains A 均 and B 均 ;

[0061] S33. Compare the value at point A of the idler with possible abnormalities with A average, and compare the value at point B with B 均 average. When the difference between the two is within the preset range of the threshold, it indicates that the corresponding idler has no abnormal heating. When the difference between the two exceeds the preset range of the threshold, it indicates that the corresponding idler is abnormal.

[0062] When it is determined that the idler is abnormal, compare the value at point C of the corresponding idler with A 均 and B 均 average respectively. The smaller the difference between the two, the more serious the heating situation of the idler. At the same time, calculate the average value C 均 of the data at point C according to the operation in step S32. 均 The larger C 均 is, the worse the ventilation and heat dissipation conditions at the bottom idlers of the belt conveyor. When C

[0063] exceeds the corresponding set threshold, the monitoring and analysis layer determines that the ventilation is abnormal.

[0064] During the detection process, the three-point temperature of the same group of idlers is detected and compared. On the one hand, it can effectively detect whether the corresponding idler is abnormal. On the other hand, it can also be used as a reference for the data of other idlers. Compared with the single-point data monitoring in the first implementation method, the accuracy of the detection result is greatly improved, effectively avoiding false alarms, improving the diagnostic accuracy of abnormal wear at the conveyor idlers, and effectively avoiding the impact on material transportation caused by false alarms.

[0065] The third implementation method:

[0066] This embodiment adds a wear compensation unit on the basis of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, and the rest of the embodiment is consistent with the first embodiment or the second embodiment.

[0067] Figure 9 As shown, a wear compensation unit is also provided at the inclined roller body of the conveyor roller, and the wear compensation unit includes a monitoring component fixedly connected to the left and right ends of the inclined roller bracket and two compensation components 3 installed at the bottom of the inclined roller bracket. The monitoring component includes two L-shaped brackets 21 fixedly connected to the left and right ends of the inclined roller bracket, and the ends of the L-shaped bracket 21 are fixedly connected to the supporting plates 22, and the ends of the two supporting plates 22 close to each other are fixedly installed with a laser emitter 23 and a light receiving hemisphere 24, respectively. The light receiving hemisphere 24 is located at the lower end of the inclined roller body, and the laser emitter 23 is in a normally closed state. When it is determined that a certain roller is abnormal, the laser emitter 23 can be controlled to open, and then the high-end compensation component 3 is controlled to rise first, so that the high end of the inclined roller body slowly rises until the laser emitter 23 has obvious data changes, such as Figure 13 Then, the compensation component 3 at the lower end is controlled to rise, so that the roller body that is slightly tilted downward due to wear gradually rises until the data obtained by the laser emitter 23 increases to close to the predetermined value, and the compensation is completed. At this time, as the material on the conveyor belt is transported, the compensation component 3 can serve as a support for the tilted roller body, and the two can roll relative to each other, which can suppress the further increase of the wear amplitude as much as possible, maintain the stable operation of the abnormal roller, and ensure the stable transportation of the material.

[0068] The compensation component 3 includes two electric push rods 32 fixedly connected to the bottom of the inclined roller bracket and a compensation roller 31 rotatably connected between the extended ends of the two electric push rods 32. The compensation roller 31 is parallel to the bottom of the inclined roller bracket, and the compensation roller 31 does not contact the inclined roller body. It is controlled to contact the inclined roller body only when wear compensation is required. As a support, the laser emitter 23, the inclined roller body and the light-receiving hemisphere 24 are coaxially arranged, and the light-receiving hemisphere 24 is a hemispherical structure. The data will be minimum only when the light beam of the laser emitter 23 is irradiated at the center of the light-receiving hemisphere 24, thereby effectively avoiding data abnormalities caused by deformation of the inclined roller bracket, which makes the wear compensation inadequate.

[0069] In addition, when abnormal wear is determined, the wear compensation unit can be used to perform fixed-point compensation correction on the abnormally worn roller, so that it can work normally and suppress the extent of wear before the staff performs maintenance. Compared with the first embodiment which is only a fault diagnosis process, in this embodiment, certain processing operations can be performed after diagnosis to protect the roller.

[0070] Combined with the current actual requirements, the above-mentioned implementation manner adopted in this application, the scope of protection is not limited thereto. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes made without departing from the concept of this application still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A belt conveyor fault diagnosis method based on sound signals, characterized in that: The idler monitoring system is used to diagnose the faults of the idlers of the belt conveyor. The idler monitoring system includes a monitoring and analysis layer, a network transmission platform, two monitoring platforms and an alarm unit. The specific diagnosis method includes the following steps: S1. First, install two groups of temperature measurement optical cables at the bottom of the idler, and respectively set vibration measurement optical cables at two gaps of the roller body of the same idler. The temperature sensing optical cable is located below the vibration measurement optical cable, and a heat conduction bridge (1) is arranged between the temperature sensing optical cable and the end of the idler; S2. Mark the temperature sensing optical cable and the vibration measurement optical cable corresponding to the idler. The temperature measurement host and the sound monitoring host obtain the measured data in real time, and send the data to the monitoring and analysis layer through the network transmission platform; S3. The monitoring and analysis layer intercepts the temperature data and vibration data of each marked point in the data, and compares them with the preset threshold ranges respectively. When it is not within the threshold range, it indicates that the corresponding idler is abnormal. At this time, the monitoring and analysis layer reversely deduces the corresponding idler according to the marked point, so as to locate the fault point and perform alarm processing; When marking the temperature sensing optical cable in step S2, three marked points are taken at the same conveyor idler. The three marked points are respectively: At the end of the heat conduction bridge (1) corresponding to the outer bearing of the inclined roller body, which is denoted as point A here; At the end of the heat conduction bridge (1) corresponding to the inner bearing of the inclined roller body, which is denoted as point B here; The outer end of the temperature sensing optical cable close to the idler and in a bare state, which is denoted as point C here, and the straight-line distance between point C and the corresponding idler does not exceed half of the distance between two adjacent idlers; The values monitored at multiple corresponding point A on multiple idlers form a set of data. Correspondingly, the values monitored at multiple point B and multiple point C also form a set of data; The method for comparing the data monitored by the temperature sensing optical cable in step S3 includes the following steps: S31. After the monitoring and analysis layer receives the data of multiple marked points, first compare the values of point A and point B at the same conveyor idler. When the difference between the two is within the preset safe value range, it is initially judged that the corresponding idler does not have abnormal heating. When the difference between the two exceeds the preset safe value range, it is initially judged that there may be an abnormality in the corresponding conveyor idler, and these conveyor idlers are selected and waiting for secondary monitoring and analysis; S32. The monitoring and analysis layer analyzes the values of multiple A points and multiple B points corresponding to the idler rollers without abnormal heating, selects multiple values with low dispersion for averaging, and obtains A 均 and B 均 ; S33. Compare the value at point A of the idler with potential anomalies with A 均 and compare the value at point B with B 均 When the difference between the two is within the preset safe value range, it indicates that the corresponding idler has no abnormal heating. When the difference between the two exceeds the preset safe value range, it indicates that the corresponding idler is abnormal; After it is determined that the idler is abnormal, the values at C of the corresponding idler are respectively compared with A 均 and B 均 for comparison. The smaller the difference between the two is, the more serious the heating condition of the idler is. At the same time, according to the operation in step S32, the average value C of the data at C is calculated 均 , and the larger C 均 is, the worse the ventilation and heat dissipation conditions at the bottom idler of the belt conveyor are. When C 均 exceeds the corresponding set threshold, the monitoring and analysis layer determines that the ventilation is abnormal; The initial end of the heat conduction bridge (1) is located at the idler bearing, and the end is sleeved outside the temperature sensing optical cable. The heat conduction bridge (1) includes two vertical heat insulation pipes (11) respectively fixedly connected to the left and right ends of the inclined roller frame, a flat heat insulation sheet (12) fixedly connected to the upper end of the idler platform, and two heat collecting rings (14) sleeved outside the vibration measurement optical cable. Heat conduction cores (13) are fixedly embedded in both the vertical heat insulation pipe (11) and the flat heat insulation sheet (12). The ends of the two heat conduction cores (13) are fixedly extended to the heat collecting ring (14) and fixedly connected to the heat collecting ring (14). The flat heat insulation sheet (12) is fixedly connected to the vertical heat insulation pipe (11) at the low end of the inclined roller body, and the heat conduction core (13) in the vertical heat insulation pipe (11) at the low end of the inclined roller body fixedly penetrates through the flat heat insulation sheet (12); A wear compensation unit is also provided at the inclined roller body of the conveyor idler. The wear compensation unit includes a monitoring component fixedly connected to the left and right ends of the inclined roller bracket and two compensation components (3) installed at the bottom of the inclined roller bracket. The monitoring component includes two L-shaped brackets (21) respectively fixedly connected to the left and right ends of the inclined roller bracket. A bearing plate (22) is fixedly connected to the end of the L-shaped bracket (21). A laser emitter (23) and a light-receiving hemisphere (24) are respectively fixedly installed at one end of the two bearing plates (22) close to each other. The light-receiving hemisphere (24) is located at the lower end of the inclined roller body. The compensation component (3) includes two electric push rods (32) fixedly connected to the bottom of the inclined roller bracket and a compensation roller (31) rotatably connected between the extended ends of the two electric push rods (32). The compensation roller (31) is parallel to the bottom of the inclined roller bracket and does not contact the inclined roller body.

2. The belt conveyor fault diagnosis method based on sound signals according to claim 1, characterized in that: One of the monitoring platforms includes a temperature-sensing optical cable and a temperature-measuring host for receiving temperature data on the temperature-sensing optical cable, and the other monitoring platform includes a vibration-sensing optical cable and a sound monitoring host for receiving vibration data on the vibration-sensing optical cable.

3. The belt conveyor fault diagnosis method based on sound signals according to claim 1, wherein: The laser emitter (23), the inclined roller body, and the light-receiving hemisphere (24) are coaxially arranged, and the light-receiving hemisphere (24) is a hemispherical structure.

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