A carbon black composite polystyrene material and its preparation method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of polymer materials technology, and proposes a carbon black composite polystyrene material and its preparation method. The carbon black composite polystyrene material comprises the following components by weight: 80-90 parts polystyrene, 10-16 parts carbon black composite material, 12-19 parts flame retardant, and 2-6 parts foaming agent; the carbon black composite material comprises carbon black and 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline. This technical solution solves the problem of poor impact strength in carbon black composite polystyrene materials in related technologies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of polymer materials technology, specifically to a carbon black composite polystyrene material and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Polystyrene, a widely used thermoplastic, boasts advantages such as low cost, ease of processing, and good insulation, making it extensively used in packaging, electronics, and construction industries. However, polystyrene inherently possesses some performance defects, with its relatively low impact strength being a key factor limiting its further applications. When subjected to external impact, polystyrene is prone to brittle fracture, significantly impacting its use in scenarios requiring high material toughness.

[0003] To improve the properties of polystyrene, the composite of carbon black and polystyrene has become an important research direction. Carbon black possesses excellent electrical conductivity, wear resistance, and high strength, and its introduction into polystyrene can theoretically enhance the overall performance of the material to a certain extent. Through the composite of carbon black and polystyrene, it is hoped that the material can acquire new properties such as antistatic properties and enhanced mechanical properties.

[0004] However, current carbon black composite polystyrene materials still face numerous challenges in terms of preparation and performance. On one hand, during preparation, the dispersion of carbon black within the polystyrene matrix is ​​difficult to guarantee, leading to agglomeration. This not only fails to fully leverage the performance advantages of carbon black but may also create stress concentration points within the material. On the other hand, existing carbon black composite polystyrene materials do not offer ideal improvements in impact strength, failing to meet the growing industrial demands.

[0005] Therefore, developing a carbon black composite polystyrene material with high impact strength is crucial for promoting its application in more high-performance fields. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention proposes a carbon black composite polystyrene material and its preparation method, which solves the problem of poor impact strength of carbon black composite polystyrene materials in related technologies.

[0007] The technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0008] This invention proposes a carbon black composite polystyrene material, the raw materials of which include the following components by weight: 80-90 parts of polystyrene, 10-16 parts of carbon black composite material, 12-19 parts of flame retardant, and 2-6 parts of foaming agent;

[0009] The raw materials for the carbon black composite material include carbon black and 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline.

[0010] As a further technical solution, the mass ratio of carbon black to 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline is 20:1~3.

[0011] In this invention, by adjusting the mass ratio of carbon black to 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline to 20:1~3, the impact strength of carbon black composite polystyrene material is further improved.

[0012] As a further technical solution, the preparation method of the carbon black composite material includes the following steps:

[0013] Carbon black was acid-treated, then added to dimethylformamide, 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline was added, the mixture was stirred evenly, and dried to obtain a carbon black composite material.

[0014] When the mixture is homogeneous, the temperature is 40~60℃.

[0015] As a further technical solution, the acid treatment includes the following steps:

[0016] A1. Add carbon black to the acid solution and mix to obtain a mixture;

[0017] A2. Filter, wash, and dry the mixture;

[0018] The mixing temperature is 1~4℃.

[0019] As a further technical solution, the acid solution includes sulfuric acid;

[0020] The concentration of the sulfuric acid is 98 wt%;

[0021] The mass-to-volume ratio of the carbon black to the acid solution is 1g:1~2mL.

[0022] As a further technical solution, the flame retardant includes ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid, 2-cyano-4-nitroaniline, and polydimethylsiloxane.

[0023] In this invention, the flame retardants include ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid, 2-cyano-4-nitroaniline, and polydimethylsiloxane. Ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid, as a phosphorus-based flame retardant, generates a more stable solid substance upon heating, preventing the pyrolysis of carbon black composite polystyrene materials and isolating pyrolysis products and oxygen from entering the gas phase to participate in the combustion reaction. 2-cyano-4-nitroaniline contains cyano, nitro, and amino groups, which can provide nitrogen and release free radicals during combustion, preventing free radical reactions during combustion. Additionally, the molecule contains a benzene ring, which chars upon heating, forming a char layer that prevents the pyrolysis of carbon black composite polystyrene materials. Polydimethylsiloxane, as a silicon-based flame retardant, generates a dense, heat-insulating, and oxygen-barrier char layer upon heating, blocking heat transfer. The three components work synergistically to improve the oxygen index of the carbon black composite polystyrene material.

[0024] As a further technical solution, the mass ratio of ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid, 2-cyano-4-nitroaniline and polydimethylsiloxane is 5:2 to 4:20.

[0025] In this invention, by adjusting the mass ratio of ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid, 2-cyano-4-nitroaniline, and polydimethylsiloxane to 5:2~4:20, the oxygen index of carbon black composite polystyrene material is further improved.

[0026] As a further technical solution, the foaming agent includes one or more of cyclopentane, isopentane, and neopentane.

[0027] This invention also proposes a method for preparing a carbon black composite polystyrene material, comprising the following steps:

[0028] The components are mixed evenly, extruded, cooled, and granulated to obtain carbon black composite polystyrene material.

[0029] As a further technical solution, the extrusion temperature is 185~220℃.

[0030] The working principle and beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0031] 1. In this invention, 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline composite carbon black is added. The non-polar groups of 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline are similar to and compatible with polystyrene, and have better dispersibility in polystyrene, which avoids the agglomeration of carbon black in polystyrene. The synergistic effect of 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline and carbon black improves the impact strength of carbon black composite polystyrene material.

[0032] 2. In this invention, a foaming agent is added to the carbon black composite polystyrene material. The foaming agent generates gas when heated, and pores are generated inside the foamed material. The pores can effectively prevent heat transfer, giving the material good thermal insulation performance. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] In the following examples and comparative examples, the polystyrene is GPPS-123P, the carbon black is N220, and the polydimethylsiloxane viscosity is 500 cs.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] A carbon black composite polystyrene material, the raw materials of which include the following components in parts by weight: 90 parts polystyrene, 16 parts carbon black composite material, 19 parts flame retardant, and 6 parts foaming agent;

[0037] The raw materials for the carbon black composite material include carbon black and 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline in a mass ratio of 4:1;

[0038] The preparation method of carbon black composite material includes the following steps:

[0039] Carbon black was acid-treated, then added to dimethylformamide, followed by the addition of 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline. The mixture was thoroughly mixed at 60°C and dried to obtain 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline composite carbon black.

[0040] Acid treatment includes the following steps:

[0041] A1. Add carbon black to an acid solution and mix at 4°C to obtain a mixture;

[0042] A2. Filter, wash, and dry the mixture;

[0043] The acid solution is 98wt% sulfuric acid;

[0044] The mass-to-volume ratio of carbon black to acid solution is 1 g: 2 mL;

[0045] The flame retardant is polydimethylsiloxane;

[0046] The foaming agent is cyclopentane;

[0047] A method for preparing carbon black composite polystyrene materials includes the following steps:

[0048] The components are mixed evenly, extruded, cooled, and granulated to obtain carbon black composite polystyrene material.

[0049] The temperatures of stages 1 to 5 during the extrusion process are 185℃, 200℃, 205℃, 220℃, and 210℃, respectively.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] A carbon black composite polystyrene material, the raw materials of which include the following components in parts by weight: 80 parts polystyrene, 10 parts carbon black composite material, 12 parts flame retardant, and 2 parts foaming agent;

[0052] The raw materials for the carbon black composite material include carbon black and 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline in a mass ratio of 50:1;

[0053] The preparation method of carbon black composite material includes the following steps:

[0054] Carbon black was acid-treated, then added to dimethylformamide, followed by the addition of 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline. The mixture was thoroughly mixed at 40°C and dried to obtain 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline composite carbon black.

[0055] Acid treatment includes the following steps:

[0056] A1. Add carbon black to an acid solution and mix at 1°C to obtain a mixture;

[0057] A2. Filter, wash, and dry the mixture;

[0058] The acid solution is 98wt% sulfuric acid;

[0059] The mass-to-volume ratio of carbon black to acid solution is 1 g: 1 mL;

[0060] The flame retardant is polydimethylsiloxane;

[0061] The foaming agent is isopentane;

[0062] A method for preparing carbon black composite polystyrene materials includes the following steps:

[0063] The components are mixed evenly, extruded, cooled, and granulated to obtain carbon black composite polystyrene material.

[0064] The temperatures of stages 1 to 5 during the extrusion process are 190℃, 200℃, 205℃, 220℃, and 215℃, respectively.

[0065] Example 3

[0066] A carbon black composite polystyrene material, the raw materials of which include the following components in parts by weight: 85 parts polystyrene, 13 parts carbon black composite material, 15 parts flame retardant, and 4 parts foaming agent;

[0067] The raw materials for the carbon black composite material include carbon black and 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline in a mass ratio of 40:1;

[0068] The preparation method of carbon black composite material includes the following steps:

[0069] Carbon black was acid-treated, then added to dimethylformamide, followed by the addition of 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline. The mixture was thoroughly mixed at 50°C and dried to obtain 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline composite carbon black.

[0070] Acid treatment includes the following steps:

[0071] A1. Add carbon black to an acid solution and mix at 2°C to obtain a mixture;

[0072] A2. Filter, wash, and dry the mixture;

[0073] The acid solution is 98wt% sulfuric acid;

[0074] The mass-to-volume ratio of carbon black to acid solution is 1 g: 1.5 mL;

[0075] The flame retardant is polydimethylsiloxane;

[0076] The foaming agent is isopentane;

[0077] A method for preparing carbon black composite polystyrene materials includes the following steps:

[0078] The components are mixed evenly, extruded, cooled, and granulated to obtain carbon black composite polystyrene material.

[0079] The temperatures of stages 1 to 5 during the extrusion process are 185℃, 200℃, 205℃, 220℃, and 215℃, respectively.

[0080] Example 4

[0081] The only difference between this embodiment and Example 3 is that the raw materials for the carbon black composite material in this embodiment include carbon black and 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline in a mass ratio of 5:1.

[0082] Example 5

[0083] The only difference between this embodiment and Example 3 is that the raw materials for the carbon black composite material in this embodiment include carbon black and 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline in a mass ratio of 20:1.

[0084] Example 6

[0085] The only difference between this embodiment and Example 3 is that the raw materials for the carbon black composite material in this embodiment include carbon black and 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline in a mass ratio of 20:3.

[0086] Example 7

[0087] The only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 3 is that the flame retardant in this embodiment includes ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid and polydimethylsiloxane in a mass ratio of 11:20.

[0088] Example 8

[0089] The only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 3 is that the flame retardant in this embodiment includes 2-cyano-4-nitroaniline and polydimethylsiloxane in a mass ratio of 11:20.

[0090] Example 9

[0091] The only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 3 is that the flame retardant in this embodiment includes ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid, 2-cyano-4-nitroaniline, and polydimethylsiloxane in a mass ratio of 5:6:20.

[0092] Example 10

[0093] The only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 3 is that the flame retardant in this embodiment includes ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid, 2-cyano-4-nitroaniline, and polydimethylsiloxane in a mass ratio of 5:1:20.

[0094] Example 11

[0095] The only difference between this embodiment and Example 3 is that the flame retardant in this embodiment includes ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid, 2-cyano-4-nitroaniline and polydimethylsiloxane in a mass ratio of 5:2:20.

[0096] Example 12

[0097] The only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 3 is that the flame retardant in this embodiment includes ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid, 2-cyano-4-nitroaniline, and polydimethylsiloxane in a mass ratio of 5:4:20.

[0098] Comparative Example 1

[0099] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 2 is that the carbon black composite material in this comparative example is replaced with an equal part by weight of carbon black.

[0100] Experimental Example 1

[0101] The carbon black composite polystyrene materials prepared in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Example 1 were tested for cantilever beam notched impact strength according to the method specified in GB / T 1843-2008 "Determination of Impact Strength of Plastic Cantilever Beams". The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0102]

[0103] Comparing Example 2 with Comparative Example 1, it is shown that the carbon black composite material prepared by using carbon black and 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline in this invention improves the impact strength of carbon black composite polystyrene material.

[0104] Comparing Examples 5-6 with Examples 3-4, it is shown that by adjusting the mass ratio of carbon black to 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline to 20:1-3, the impact strength of carbon black composite polystyrene material is further improved in this invention.

[0105] Experimental Example 2

[0106] The carbon black composite polystyrene materials prepared in Examples 3 and 7-12 were tested for oxygen index according to the method specified in GB / T 2406.2-2009 "Determination of Combustion Behavior by Oxygen Index Method for Plastics - Part 2: Room Temperature Test". The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0107]

[0108] Comparing Examples 9-12 with Examples 3 and 7-8, it is demonstrated that the use of ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid, 2-cyano-4-nitroaniline, and polydimethylsiloxane as synergistic flame retardants in this invention improves the oxygen index of carbon black composite polystyrene materials. Comparing Examples 11-12 with Examples 9-10, it is demonstrated that by adjusting the mass ratio of ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid, 2-cyano-4-nitroaniline, and polydimethylsiloxane to 5:2 to 4:20, this invention further improves the oxygen index of carbon black composite polystyrene materials.

[0109] Experimental Example 3

[0110] The carbon black composite polystyrene material obtained in Example 1 was used to make polystyrene foam samples according to the method specified in JG / T 536-2017 "Thermosetting Composite Polystyrene Foam Insulation Board". The sample size was 300mm×300mm×20mm, and the thermal conductivity was tested.

[0111] The thermal conductivity is the arithmetic mean of the experimental data of the two samples, accurate to 0.001 W / (m·K).

[0112] The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0113]

[0114] The thermal conductivity test results of Example 1 show that the carbon black composite polystyrene material prepared by this invention meets the requirements of practical use.

[0115] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A carbon black composite polystyrene material, characterized in that, The raw materials include the following components in parts by weight: 80-90 parts polystyrene, 10-16 parts carbon black composite material, 12-19 parts flame retardant, and 2-6 parts foaming agent; The raw materials for the carbon black composite material include carbon black and 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline; The mass ratio of carbon black to 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline is 20:1~3; The preparation method of the carbon black composite material includes the following steps: Carbon black was acid-treated, then added to dimethylformamide, 4-methyl-N-phenylaniline was added, the mixture was stirred evenly, and dried to obtain a carbon black composite material. When the mixture is homogeneous, the temperature is 40~60℃.

2. The carbon black composite polystyrene material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acid treatment includes the following steps: A1. Add carbon black to the acid solution and mix to obtain a mixture; A2. Filter, wash, and dry the mixture; The mixing temperature is 1~4℃.

3. The carbon black composite polystyrene material according to claim 2, characterized in that, The acid solution includes sulfuric acid; The concentration of the sulfuric acid is 98 wt%; The mass-to-volume ratio of the carbon black to the acid solution is 1g:1~2mL.

4. The carbon black composite polystyrene material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flame retardant includes ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid, 2-cyano-4-nitroaniline, and polydimethylsiloxane.

5. The carbon black composite polystyrene material according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mass ratio of ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid, 2-cyano-4-nitroaniline, and polydimethylsiloxane is 5:2 to 4:

20.

6. The carbon black composite polystyrene material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The foaming agent includes one or more of cyclopentane, isopentane, and neopentane.

7. A method for preparing a carbon black composite polystyrene material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The following steps are involved: The components are mixed evenly, extruded, cooled, and granulated to obtain carbon black composite polystyrene material.

8. The method for preparing a carbon black composite polystyrene material according to claim 7, characterized in that, The extrusion temperature is 185~220℃.

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